第2次作业

《现代企业管理方法》第二次作业一、单项选择题（每题给出4个选项，其中一个是正确的。

）1．最早给控制下定义的是（ A ），他认为：在一个企业中，控制就是核实所发生的每一件事是否符合所规定的计划、所发布的指示以及所确定的原则。

A、法约尔B、泰罗C、孔茨D、韦伯2．控制的整体性特征是指（C ）。

A、控制应能迅速适应外部环境的变化B、控制主要是对组织中人的控制C、控制是全体成员的工作，对象包括组织的各个方面D、控制不仅仅是监督，更重要的是指导、帮助以及员工的参与3．（ D ）存在的最大弊端是在实施矫正措施之前偏差已经发生了。

A、监督控制B、前馈控制C、现场控制D、反馈控制4．下列控制标准中，不属于货币控制标准的是（ A ）。

A、实物标准B、价值标准C、成本标准D、收益标准5．根据设计的生产能力确定机器的产出标准属于（B ）。

A、统计标准B、经验标准C、定性标准D、工程标准6．科学管理之父泰罗首创的通过动作研究确定生产定额的方法是（ B ）的早期形式。

A、统计方法B、工业工程法C、经验估计法D、德尔非法7．在控制的过程中，（ C ）是控制的关键。

A、制定控制标准B、衡量工作绩效C、纠正偏差D、制定控制计划8．被许多公司称为“走动管理”的管理控制方法是（B ）。

A、报告法B、现场观察法C、内部审计D、比率分析法9．在人力资源管理中，员工被认为是（ D ）。

A、企业重要的费用支出B、和机器一样的生产要素C、企业沉重的负担D、有价值的、难以模仿的资源10．需要工作分析人员亲自从事所要分析的工作，以获得第一手资料的工作分析法是（A ）A、工作实践法B、观察法C、面谈法D、写实法11．在绘制技能管理图时，首次资料收集一般采用（C ）A、实践法B、日志法C、问卷法D、观察法12．某企业预计明年的销售量会大幅增加，根据统计，以前的人均销售额为每人500件产品，年销售5000件，预计明年将达到年销售12000件，销售部门设两个管理层次，管理幅度为5人，那么销售部门总共需要（ A ）人员A、30B、24C、29D、2513．企业获得初级技术人员和管理人员的最重要的途径是（ B ）A、劳务市场招聘B、校园招聘C、猎头公司招聘D、再就业中心14．适合于挑选管理人员的甄选方法是（ C ）A、申请表B、工作抽样C、测评中心D、履历调查15．在开发分析能力、综合能力和评价能力时，（ C ）比较合适。

生产管理第二次作业—答案一、单项选择1、（B）2、（B）3、（D）4、（A）5、（C）6、（D）7、（D）8、（B）9、（D）10、（A）l、( )是服务型的生产过程与物质生产型的生产过程的共性。

A、绩效都是通过顾客满意与否反映出来B、都是投入——转换——产出的过程C、都是属于劳动密集型D、产品都不可存储2．( )是对象专业化的缺点。

A、延长了生产周期，增加了在制品B、一台设备出故障，会影响整个工作C、在制品管理工作比较复杂D、产品在加工过程中的运输路线较长3．生产与作业管理的内容不包括( )。

A、生产准备和组织B、生产计划C、生产控制D、生产宣传4、—般企业的战略分为3个层次，生产战略属于( )战略。

A、职能级B、部门级C、企业级D、联合级5、新产品的特征有创新性、继承性、模糊性、相对性和( )。

A、拓展性B、规范性C、先进性D、整体性6、由模拟式移动电话发展到数字式移动电话，从新产品角度看数字式移动电话属于( )。

A、改进新产品B、换代新产品C、仿制新产品D、全新产品7、( )是指在没有接到用户的订单时按已有的标准产品或产品系列进行的生产，生产的目的是为了补充成品库存。

A、订货组装型生产B、订货型生产C、订货制造型生产D、备货型生产8、组织多品种小批量生产的可能性之一体现在( )。

A、大量生产产品单一，产量大，生产重复程度高B、以福特制为代表的大量生产方式缺乏柔性C、订货过程型生产一般是非常重复的单项任务D、单件生产品种繁多，生产重复程度低9、生产过程就是一系列相互联系的( )相结合的全部过程。

A、电子技术自动化技术和计算机技术B、生产工艺技术和生产管理方法C、投料、加工和成品生产D、劳动过程和自然过程10、方法研究的内容包括( )。

A、过程分析和动作分析B、系统考察和对象研究C、经济调查和成本分析D、定新制定和工人抽样二、判断1、√2、×3、√4、×5、√6、×7、√8、×9、√10、×11、√12、×13、√14、×15、√1、生产过程是把生产要素变成有形产品(或无形服务)的过程，这种转换主要有形态转换、时间转换和场所转换。

02试卷_000 1一、名词解释（共 5 道试题，共 25 分。

）1. 证明商标是指由对某种商品或者服务具有监督能力的组织所控制，而由该组织以外的单位或者个人使用于其商品或者服务，用以证明该商品或者服务的原产地、原料、制造方法、质量或者其他特定品质的标志。

2. 反向假冒侵权是指未经商标注册人同意，更换其注册商标并将该更换商标的商品又投入市场的行为。

3. 驰名商标是指在中国为相关公众广为知晓并享有较高声誉的商标。

4. 商品商标是指使用于商品之上的商标。

5. 集体商标是指以团体、协会或者其他组织名义注册，供该组织成员在商事活动中使用，以表明使用者在该组织中的成员资格的标志。

二、单项选择题（共 10 道试题，共 20 分。

）1. 我国商标法规定，商标注册后应当实际使用，连续( B )停止使用注册商标的，由商标局责令限期改正或者撤销其注册商标。

A. 2年B. 3年C. 4年D. 5年2. 我国商标法规定的商标注册原则是( D ) 。

A. 自愿注册原则B. 全面注册原则C. 强制注册原则D. 自愿注册与强制注册相结合原则3. 未经商标注册人同意，更换其注册商标并将该更换商标的商品又投入市场的行为是( C ) 。

A. 使用侵权B. 销售侵权C. 反向假冒侵权D. 标识侵权4. 我国商标法规定的商标权取得原则是 ( B ) 。

A. 使用原则B. 注册原则C. 混合原则D. 强制注册原则5. 商标法规定，当事人对商标评审委员会的裁定不服的，可以自收到通知之日起( C ) 内向人民法院起诉。

A. 7日B. 15日C. 30日D. 60日6. 我国商标法规定，注册商标的有效期限为10年，自 （ D ） 计算。

A. 注册商标申请人寄出申请书之日起B. 商标局收到申请书之日起C. 公告之日起D. 核准注册之日起7. 根据我国商标法第十一条的规定，( C ) 不能作为商标注册的标志。

A. 中国国旗B. 带有民族歧视性的文字、图形C. 本商品的通用图形D. 官方标志、检验印记8. 商标法规定申请注册的商标不得与被撤销或者注销未满 ( A ) 的注册商标相同或者近似。

本次作业是本门课程本学期的第2次作业，注释如下：一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共15道小题)1. 平面任意力系有个独立的平衡方程。

(A)1(B) 2(C) 3(D) 4正确答案：C解答参考：2. 平面平行力系有个独立的平衡方程。

(A) 1(B) 2(C) 3(D) 4正确答案：B解答参考：3.图示结构是（）。

(A) 静定(B) 一次超静定(C) 二次超静定(D)三次超静定正确答案：B解答参考：4.图示为两个相互啮合的齿轮。

作用在齿轮A上的切向力平移到齿轮B的中心。

(A) 不可以(B) 可以(C) 不能确定正确答案：A解答参考：5.图示桁架中杆件内力等于零，即所谓“零杆”为。

(A) BC, AC(B) BC, AC, AD(C) BC(D) AC[前面作业中已经做正确] [正确]正确答案：A解答参考：6.沿正立方体的前侧面作用一力，则该力。

(A) 对轴x、y、z之矩均相等(B) 对轴x、y、z之矩均不相等(C) 对轴x、y、之矩相等(D) 对轴y、z之矩相等你选择的答案： [前面作业中已经做正确] [正确]正确答案：D解答参考：7.空间力对点之矩是。

(A) 代数量(B) 滑动矢量(C) 定位矢量(D)自由矢量正确答案：C解答参考：8. 力对轴之矩是。

(A) 代数量(B) 滑动矢量(C) 定位矢量(D) 自由矢量你选择的答案： [前面作业中已经做正确] [正确]正确答案：A解答参考：9.空间力偶矩矢是。

(A) 代数量(B) 滑动矢量(C) 定位矢量(D) 自由矢量正确答案：D解答参考：10. 空间任意力系有个独立的平衡方程。

(A) 3(B) 4(C) 5(D)6你选择的答案： [前面作业中已经做正确] [正确]正确答案：D解答参考：11. 空间汇交力系有个独立的平衡方程。

(A) 3(B) 4(C) 5(D) 6正确答案：A解答参考：12. 空间力偶系有个独立的平衡方程。

(A) 3(B) 4(C) 5(D) 6正确答案：A解答参考：13. 空间平行力系有个独立的平衡方程。

第2次作业一、单项选择题（本大题共30分，共 30 小题，每小题 1 分）1. 采用( )，是将各步骤所耗半成品费用，按照成本项目分项转入各步骤产品成本明细账的各个成本项目中。

A. 综合结转分步法B. 分项结转分步法C. 平行结转分步法D. 逐步结转分步法2. 实际发生的应付福利费，应由( )开支。

A. 管理费用B. 应付工资C. 计提的应付福利费D. 银行存款3. ( )，只宜在各辅助生产车间、部门之间相互受益程度有着明显顺序的企业中采用。

A. 代数分配法B. 直接分配法C. 交互分配法D. 顺序分配法4. 在产品按完工产品计算法适用于( )。

A. 月末在产品数量很小B. 项费用所占比重不大C. 月末在产品全部完工D. 月末在产品已经接近完工或者已经完工，只是尚末包装或尚未验收入库的产品。

5. 工业企业各种成本报表分析都需要采用的方法是( )。

A. 趋势分析法B. 对比分析法C. 连环替代分析法D. 差额计算分析法6. 可修复废品的废品损失是指( )。

A. 返修前发生的原材料费用B. 返修前发生的制造费用C. 返修后发生的修理费用D. 返修前发生的生产费用加上返修后发生的修理费用7. 采用按实际成本综合结转分步法时，( )，应根据所耗半成品的数量乘以半成品的实际单位成本计算。

A. 各步骤所耗上一步骤的半成品费用B. 上一步骤所产的半成品成本C. 产成品所耗上一步骤半成品费用D. 下一步骤所领用的半成品费用8. 狭义的在产品只包括该车间或该车间步骤正在加工中的那部分( )A. 在产品B. 半成品C. 产成品D. 对外销售的自制半成品9. ( )，是在生产费用发生的当时，就将符合定额的费用和发生的差异分别核算，月末在定2额成本的基础上加减各种成本差异，计算产品实际成本的一种方法。

A. 定额比例法B. 在产品按定额成本计价法C. 定额法D. 分类法10. 划分产品成本计算的基本方法和辅助方法的标准是( )A. 对成本管理作用的大小B. 成本计算是否及时C. 成本计算工作的难易程度D. 对于计算产品实际成本是否必要11. “材料采购”科目的( )反映已采购但尚未验收的在途材料实际成本。

简明创新方法第二次作业(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--第二次作业一、组合类创新方法（25分）1、学习完组合类创新方法后，请举出你生活中哪些属于组合创新方法的产物。

（至少10个）并说明他们属于哪一种类型的组合创新。

答：组合类效应：正效应，三个臭皮匠顶一个诸葛亮；负效应，三个和尚有水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没有水吃。

成对式，男女搭配，干活不累；工业时代，细化分工，提高工作效率。

公园中的双人自行车，瑞士军刀，黑板+复印机=电子黑板，都是组合发明；焦点创新法：电水壶、弹簧秤、汽球的产生；辐射实例：纸代替木头、布（湿巾、桌布、尿布）、塑料（杯子、袋、快餐盒）等。

2、只要组合了，就是创新，这种说法是否适当。

1、定义组合就是把多项貌似不相关的事物、思想或观念的部分或全部，通过想象加以连接，进行有机地组合、变革、重组，从而使之变成彼此不可分割的新颖的有价值整体。

组合的最基本要求是，整体的各组成事物之间必须建立某种紧密关系，成为一个新生事物。

组合要有选择性，组合要有实用性。

2、组合的类型（1）同类组合也称同物组合，就是将若干相同的事物进行自组。

同类组合的模式是：a+a=N在同类组合中，参与组合的对象一般是两个或两个以上的同一事物；组合后与组合前相比，参与组合的事物，其基本原理和基本结构一般没有什么根本性的变化；同类组合是在保持事物原有的功能或原有意义的前提下，通过数量的增加以弥补功能上的不足或求取新的功能和意义，而这种新功能和新意义是事物单独存在时不具有的。

运用同物组合进行创新活动，我们可以从以下三点考虑：1、在我们周围，哪些事物处于单独状态。

2、原来单独使用的事物自组后能否产生新的意义和新的需求。

3、同物自组能否实现怎样实现（2）异类组合是指将两种或两种以上的不同领域的事物、思想或观念的进行组合，产生有价值的新整体，称为异类组合。

异类组合的模式是：a+b=N。

C语言第二次作业1.某年如果能被4整除，但不能被100整除，或者能被400整除的年是闰年。

判断从键盘输入的年份是否为闰年。

一、实验目的：掌握if else选择结构二、实验容：#include<stdio.h>int main(){int x;printf("请输入年份：\n");scanf("%d",&x);if(x%4==0&&x%100!=0||x%400==0)printf("是闰年.\n");elseprintf("不是闰年.\n");return 0;}三：调试结果：2、某个自动加油站有‘a’，‘b’，‘c’三种汽油品种，单价分别为6.92，7.37，7.64(元/公升)，也提供了“自己加”或“协助加”两个服务等级，这样用户可以得到5%或10%的优惠，请编程序针对用户输入加油量m，汽油品种y和服务类型z（‘f’—自动加，‘m’—自己加，‘e’—协助加），（注：‘f’—自动加无优惠），计算应付款pay。

（请用多分支选择switch语句）。

一、实验目的：掌握switch语句二、实验容：#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>int main(){float p,q,m,pay;char y,z;printf("请输入汽油品种(y)，服务类型(z)，加油量(m)\n");scanf("%c,%c,%f",&y,&z,&m);switch(y){case'a':p=6.92;break;case'b':p=7.37;break;case'c':p=7.64;break;}switch(z){case'f':q=1;break;case'm':q=0.95;break;case'e':q=0.9;break;}pay=p*q*m;printf("pay=%.2f\n",pay);return 0;}三：调试结果：3、输入三角形三边，判断该三角形是什么三角形（等边，等腰，普通和直角）一、实验目的：掌握switch语句二、实验容：#include<stdio.h>int main(){int a,b,c;printf("请输入三角形的三边长：\n");scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c);if(a==b&&b==c)printf("此三角形是等边三角形");else if(a==b||b==c||a==c)printf("此三角形是等腰三角形");else if(a*a+b*b==c*c||a*a+c*c==b*b||b*b+c*c==a*a)printf("此三角形是直角三角形");elseprintf("此三角形是普通三角形");return 0;}三、调试结果4. 编写一个菜单程序，输入1~3以进入相应的选择项。

第2次作业一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共5小题，每小题20分） 1.Prehistoric men and women enjoyed a more varied diet than people do now, since they ate species of plant and several hundreds thousands types of living things. But only a tiny percentage of these were ever domesticated. Modern shops have hastened a trend towards specialization which began in the earliest days of agriculture. The food of the rich countries has become cheaper relative to wages. It is speedily distributed in supermarkets. But the choice annually becomes less and less great. Even individual foods themselves become more standardized. We live in theworld of carrot specially blunted in order to avoid making a hole in the bag, and the tomato grown to meet a demand for a standard weight of weighting tomatoes to a kilo. Siri von Reis asks: "Only the three major cereals (谷物类食物)and perhaps ten other widely cultivated species stand between famine and survival for the world" s human population and a handful of drug plants has served Western civilization for several thousand years. A rather obvious question arises: Are we missing something?” After all, there are 800 000 species of plant on earth.(1). Tn prehistoric times people.A.ate much more than we do todayB.lived mainly on plant foodC.had a wide-ranging dietD.were more fussy about what they ate(2).Most of us have come to expectA.no variation in our dietB. a reduction in food suppliesC. a specialist dietD.food conforming to a set standard(3). The specialization of food was started byA .B . the emergence of supermarkets the rise of agriculture the rich countries the modern shops （4）.According to the passage, people in the West today survive on.A.carrots and tomatoesB.several thousand types of plants and cerealsc.a very small number of cultivated foodsD. special species planted one thousand years ago（5）. The conclusion seems to be that we.A.could make use of more natural speciesB.don't cultivate the right kind of foodc.produce more food than we needD.cultivate too many different species2.human body is distributed （分布）in two different ways. Some fat people have a large chest and no waistline（腰身），looking rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, looking more like pears.Doctors in Cambridge, England have been examining the relationship between health and fat （脂肪）distribution. They find that the pear- shaped fat people have fewer problems than the apple-shaped fat people. What seems to be most important is not how much fat you have but where you have it. The doctors measured the apple-shaped women and peai，--shaped women with X-ray scanners （X 光扫描器）.Human beingshave two types of fat:one is outside fat, that is the fat below the skin, and the other is inside fat that lies inside the body. Using the X-ray scanners, the doctors found that the “apples” have a large amoun t of inside fat.Tf this inside fat is much more than outside fat, it wi11 probably cause heal th problems such as obesi ty (月巴月半症). The best treatment for obesity is to reduce the inside fat. But unfortunately diet treatment (饮食疗法)simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no effective way of reducing the inside fat.(1).According to the relation between heal th and fatnessA.apple-shaped fat people have fewer problems than pear-shaped peopleB.it' s better to be apple-shaped than to be pear-shapedc.it' s better to be pear-shaped than to be apple-shapedD. fatness is the most dangerous enemy to health(2). The most important thing about fat people seems to beA.the amount of fat they haveB.the knowledge of which typo of the fat people they belong toC.the amount of the outside fat they haveD.the place where they have the fat(3).The basic reason why some people suffer from obesity is that •A.they take very little exercise every dayB.they have much more inside fat than is neededc.they are examined by X-ray scanners quite oftenD.they eat too much(4).According to what is mentioned in the passage, the best treatment for obesity at present is .A.to reduce the amount of food and drinksB.to make the body shape smallerC.already known to those people in troubleD.still to be found.3.University of Arizona researcher Dr. William Rathji says that after a study based on looking into garbage cans, the average family wastes at least $150 per year in food."Homemakers go out of their way to save pennies at the store and thendon't real ize that waste of edible （可食用的）foods adds up much moreat homo," said Dr. Rathji. He was one of about 100 food experts who metin Boise for a conference on food waste and ways to prevent it.American families throw out between 8% and 20% of edible food at a costof $4. 5 billion per year. That" s almost as much as the federal government spends every year for food stamps and child nutrition programs.He found that food items which are costly and in short supply tend to be wasted more. During the 1973 meat shortage, meat waste increased to 9%, compared with 3% in 1974 and 1975. Sugar and sugar products waste jumped to 19% in 1975, when sugar prices doubled from the previous year.Dr. Rathji theorizes that high prices force consumers to experiment, sometimes buy in large quantities. In the case of meat, sometimes low-priced cuts for unappetizing varieties are purchased, consumers then tend to waste more.Ilis theory is that the more variety in food bought, the more wasted. Regular bread is wasted at about a 10% rate, but specialty breads and rolls are wasted at a 20% rate.If people are eating the same thing every day, they learn how to manage it. But if you" re trying to pull something out of the cookbook every night, that's bound to be some waste.Another finding is that lower income families waste less food than middle and upper income families. And the study found that dog food, which accounts for 8% of a shopping cart, is rarely wasted. Fresh produce and frozen items arc more likely to be wasted.The study also showed people with the most knowledge of safe, edible food waste the least. Much food is tossed out because a homemaker suspects it is spoiled when it is not.(1).Large quantities of food are thrown out because a homemaker.A.thinks they are not deliciousB.says they taste bitter and hotC.thinks they smell badD.suspects they are spoiled when they are not(2).American families throw out between of edible food every year.A.5%〜8%B.8%-10%B.20%〜28%D.8%—20%(3).When sugar prices doubled, waste of sugar.A.went downB.went upc.stayed the sameD. was cut in half(4).Which of the following statements is true?A.American housewives are not good homemakers.B.Upper-income families are more wasteful than lower-income ones.c.American families throw away almost as much food as they consume.D.Americans waste a great deal of dog food.（5）.When do American families waste more food?A.When prices arc high.B.When food is scarce.c.When they think it is spoiled.D. Al 1 of the above.4.Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor （接任者）to Lawrence Summers .The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvards Radcliffe Institutefor Advanced Study, as the university' s 28th president.“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard. ” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. "Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated （献身的）teacher, and a wonderful human being."Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers' comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women" s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues（性另ij问题）.Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, 1aw, literature and economics.Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania.“Teaching staff turned to her constantly. ” said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. "She' s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she' s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she' s so solid."(1).Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?A.She is the 28th president of Harvard University.B.She is a famous scholar from the American South.c.She isn' t a graduate from Harvard University.D.She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.(2).Lawrence Summers held the view that .A.women cannot achieve as much as men in management B.women cannot hold important positions in society c.women can match men in science jobsD.few women make top scientists owing to genes (3).Which might be the best title for the passage? A.Harvard named its 1st female president.B.History of Harvard University changed.c.Debates on female equality ended.D.Drew GiIpin Faust, a famous woman historian.（4）.This passage probably appears in a .A.biographyB.personal letterc.research paperD.newspaper report5.Jessica Alba rebelled（叛离）from her "strict" parents when she was just five. The 29-year-old actress admits her Catholic （天主教）education made her want to "break away" from her mother Catherine and father Mark.She explained: 〃It‘s always been weird（古怪的）because I grew up in a very traditional, Catholic household. Nly parents were very strict but 1 broke away from that at an early age. 1 was a feminist （女权主义者）when 1 was five. These days, 1 am much more independent but 1 still respect their beliefs.，zAs Jessica has grown older she has learnt to accept her parents' views, but still considers herself an independent woman.Tn her latest film 'Machete' Jessica gets to stab（刺）a love rival in the eye with her stiletto heels （鞋后世艮），something she thoroughlyenjoyed.She said: "Walking in 3in heels wasn't as much fun as putting one in someone's eye. It was 104 degrees where we were shooting in Texas and they were not comfortable.Jessica - who has a two-year-old daughter Honor with husband Cash Warren - is regularly referred to as one of the world，s most beautiful women, but she docsn't think of herself as 〃sexy〃.She added in an interview with the Metro newspaper: 〃1 don't really pay attention to that sexy image. It just goes with the character in the movie. At the end of the day, it's all a part of selling a product. 〃(1).Jessica Alba called herself feminist because .A.she didn' t like living with her parentsB.she was brought up in a very poor familyc.she was often against her parentsD.she refused the training and education during her childhood by her parents(2).From this passage we know that .A.Jessica is a very cruel woman who enjoys hurting others B.Jessica acted strangely in her chi 1drenc.Jessica" s parents believe in CatholicD.Jessica rebelled her family because she hated Catholic (3).This passage is mainly about .A.a rebellious movie star JessicaB.a weird womanc.an interview with a newspaperD.a rebellious heart(4).Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?A.Although she is a rebellious woman, she still respects her parents beliefsB.She likes her characters in the moviec.She cares more about her sexy image because she is very proud of her beautyD.She got married and has a daughter.答案：一、阅读理解（100分，共5题，每小题20分）(1). C (2). D (3). B (4).2.(1). A (2). D (3). D (4).3.(1). D (2). D (3). B (4).4.(1). B (2). D (3). A (4).5. C (5). A CB (5). D D。

第二次作业1.用量纲分析法推导边界层对数率推导：以二维湍流边界层内的流动为研究对象。

根据普朗特混合长度理论，水平方向的脉动速度x V '是由于相邻流体微团竖向运动掺混后而产生的，由于竖向运动的距离l 是一小量，因此：⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∝'dy V d l V x x （1-1）根据脉动速度的连续方程（2-4）可知，水平方向的脉动速度x V '和竖直方向的脉动速度y V '量级相同，且符号相反：⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∝'-∝'dy V d l V V x y x （1-2）因此，对于此二维流动，雷诺应力项中的湍流切应力可表示为：22⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-∝''-=dy V d l V V x y x t ρρτ（1-3）由于，雷诺切应力与粘性切应力符号相同，符号由速度梯度dy V d x 决定，且混合长度l 本身为实验确定的经验值，因此（1-3）可以直接写成：dy V d dy V d l x x t 2ρτ=（1-4）在壁面附近，可假设y l κ=，其中κ为卡门常数，可由试验确定，y 为到壁面的距离，并且试验表明，在壁面附近区域，湍流切应力与粘性切应力之和保持常数，假设在边界层内靠近壁面的一定区域中，湍流切应力恒等于壁面切应力：**w t V V ρττ==（1-5）其中，*V 为壁面剪切速度，同时，对于平板湍流边界层，0>dy V d x ，因此:222⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛===dy V d y V V x **w t ρκρττ（1-6）将上式两边开平方，得：y V dy V d *x κ=（1-7）对（1-7）两边积分得：C y ln V V *x +=κ1（1-8）令xV ln C C νκ11-=，带入（1-8）得：11C V y ln V V x *x +=νκ（1-9）无量纲形式的（1-9）就是根据混合长度理论得到的速度分布对数率。

2.推导雷诺平均的N-S 方程讨论：基于广义牛顿定律本构方程，且动力粘性系数μ为常数的N-S 方程，具有如下形式：()V V P f dt V d ⋅∇+∇+-=∇31∇2μμρρ（2-1）下面，基于不可压缩流动，推导雷诺平均N-S 方程。

第二次作业参考答案1、中等长度输电线路的集中参数等值电路有那两种形式？电力系统分析计算中采用哪一种？为什么？答：中等长度输电线路的集中参数等值电路有型等值电路和型等值电路两种，电力系统分析计算中采用型等值电路。

因为电力系统分析计算通常采用节点电压法，为减少独立节点的数目，所以采用型等值电路。

2、为什么要采用分裂导线？分裂导线对电晕临界电压有何影响？答：采用分裂导线是为了减小线路的电抗，但分裂导线将使电晕临界电压降低，需要在线路设计中予以注意。

3、输电线路进行全换位的目的是什么？答：输电线路进行全换位的目的是使输电线路各相的参数（电抗、电纳）相等。

4、变压器的τ形等值电路和T 形等值电路是否等效？为什么？答：变压器的τ 形等值电路和T 形等值电路不等效，τ 形等值电路是将T 形等值电路中的励磁值路移到一端并用相应导纳表示所得到的等值电路，是T 形等值电路的近似电路。

5、已知 110KV 架空输电线路长度为 80km,三相导线平行布置，线间距离为4m，导线型号为 LGJ － 150，计算其参数并画出其等值电路。

（ LGJ-150 导线计算外径为17mm）解：由于线路为长度小于100km 的短线路，线路的电纳和电导可以忽略不计，因而只需计算其电抗和电阻。

D m 1.26 4 5(m) ＝500（cm），导线计算半径r 178.5(cm) ,标称截面为S 150( mm2 ) ，取导线的电阻率为31.5 .mm2 / km 。

2r131.5/ km)0.21(S 150x10.1445 lg 5000.01570.416(/ km) 8.5输电线路的总电阻和总电抗分别为：R r1l0.218016.8() 、 X x1l 0.41680 33.28( )输电线路的单相等值电路如图6、已知 220KV 同杆双回架空输电线路长度为200km,三相导线平行布置，导线之间的距离为6.0m ，导线型号为 LGJ-300, 求线路的集中参数， 并画出其等值电路。