4空气过滤除菌
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空气介质过滤除菌的工艺流程英文回答:Air filtration and disinfection processes are essential in maintaining clean and safe indoor environments. There are several steps involved in the process of filtering and disinfecting air in a medium.1. Pre-filtration: The first step in the process ispre-filtration, which involves removing larger particles such as dust, pollen, and pet dander. This is typically done using a mechanical filter, such as a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. These filters are designed to capture particles as small as 0.3 microns with a high efficiency.2. Activated carbon filtration: After pre-filtration, the air passes through an activated carbon filter. This filter helps to remove odors, gases, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air. Activated carbon has a largesurface area that can adsorb these contaminants, improving the overall air quality.3. High-efficiency filtration: Following activated carbon filtration, the air is further purified using high-efficiency filters. These filters are designed to capture smaller particles, including bacteria and viruses. HEPA filters are commonly used in this step to achieve a high level of filtration efficiency.4. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection: In addition to filtration, UV disinfection is often employed to kill or inactivate microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. UV light has germicidal properties that can destroy the DNA or RNA of these microorganisms, rendering them unable to reproduce and cause harm. UV lamps are strategically placed within the air handling system to ensure maximum exposure of the air to the UV light.5. Electrostatic precipitation: Another method used for air disinfection is electrostatic precipitation. This process involves charging particles in the air andcollecting them on oppositely charged plates or filters. The charged particles, including microorganisms, are attracted to the charged plates and removed from the air stream. This method is effective in removing both larger particles and smaller microorganisms.6. Ozone generation: Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent that can effectively kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. Ozone generators are sometimes usedin air purification systems to produce ozone, which is then introduced into the air stream. However, it is important to note that ozone can be harmful to humans and should be used with caution and proper ventilation.7. Final filtration: The last step in the process is the final filtration, which ensures that any remaining particles or microorganisms are removed from the air. This step usually involves the use of HEPA filters or otherhigh-efficiency filters to achieve the desired level of air cleanliness.In conclusion, the process of filtering anddisinfecting air in a medium involves several steps, including pre-filtration, activated carbon filtration, high-efficiency filtration, UV disinfection, electrostatic precipitation, ozone generation (if applicable), and final filtration. These processes work together to remove particles, odors, gases, and microorganisms from the air, ensuring a clean and healthy indoor environment.中文回答:空气过滤和除菌工艺是保持室内环境清洁和安全的关键。
空气过滤除菌流程空气过滤除菌流程是按生产对无菌空气要求具备的参数,如无菌程度、空气压力、温度等,并结合吸气环境的空气条件和所用除菌设备的特性,根据空气的性质而制定的。
要把空气过滤除菌,并输送到需要的地方,首先要提高空气的能量即增加空气的压力,以克服设备和管道的阻力。
这就需要使用空气压缩机或鼓风机。
而空气经压缩后,温度会升高,冷却后会释出水分,空气在压缩过程中又有可能夹带机器润滑油雾,这些都使无菌空气的制备流程复杂化。
对于风压要求低,输送距离短,无菌要求也不高的场合,如洁净工作室、洁净工作台等,以及具有自吸作用的发酵系统,如转子式自吸发酵罐等,只要数十到数百帕的空气压力就可以满足需要。
在这种情况下,可以采用普通的离心式鼓风机增压,具有一定压力的空气通过一个大过滤面积的过滤器,以很低的流速进行过滤除菌,这样气流的阻力损失就很小。
由于空气的压缩比很小,空气的温度升高不多,相对湿度变化不大,如果空气过滤效率比较高,经一、二级过滤后就能符合无菌空气的要求。
这样的除菌流程比较简单,关键在于离心式鼓风机的增压与空气过滤的阻力损失要配合好,以保证空气过滤后还有足够的压力推动空气在管道和无菌空间中流动。
要制备无菌程度高、压力高的无菌空气,就要采用空气压缩机来增压。
由于空气压缩比大,空气的各种参数变化大,这就需要额外增加一系列附属设备。
这种流程的制定应根据所在地的地理位置、气候环境和设备条件等作全面考虑。
如在环境污染比较严重的地方,要考虑改变吸风的条件,以降低过滤器的负荷,提高空气的无菌程度;在温暖潮湿的南方,要加强除水设施,以确保过滤器的最大除菌效率和使用寿命;在压缩机耗油严重的流程中要加强油雾的去除。
另外,空气被压缩后温度升高,需将其迅速冷却,以减小压缩机的负荷,保证机器的正常运转。
空气冷却将析出大量的冷凝水形成水雾,必须将其除去,否则带入过滤器将会严重影响过滤效果。
一般要求压缩空气的相对湿度为ψ=50%~60%时通过过滤器为好。
空气除菌的原理
空气除菌的原理是利用物理或化学的方法去除空气中的细菌、病毒和其他微生物。
以下是一些常见的空气除菌原理:
1. 过滤:通过空气过滤器,将空气中的微小颗粒物、细菌和病毒隔离和捕获在过滤层中,从而有效去除空气中的有害微生物。
2. 紫外线消毒:利用紫外线辐射杀死空气中的细菌和病毒。
紫外线破坏微生物的DNA结构,使其丧失繁殖和感染能力。
3. 臭氧消毒:臭氧是一种强氧化剂,可以杀灭空气中的微生物。
臭氧通过氧化微生物的蛋白质和核酸,从而破坏其结构和功能,达到除菌的效果。
4. 离子化:通过释放负离子或正离子,可以吸附空气中的细菌和病毒,使其失去活性,并沉降到地面上,从而净化空气。
5. 活性炭吸附:利用活性炭的微孔结构,吸附和去除空气中的细菌和病毒。
活性炭具有极大的比表面积,能有效地吸附有害微生物。
6. 电子杀菌:通过释放带电粒子,如电子或离子束,直接破坏细菌和病毒的细胞结构,从而杀死微生物。
空气除菌的原理可以单独使用,也可以通过组合使用不同的原理增强除菌效果。
通过这些空气除菌的原理,可以有效净化空气,达到提高室内空气质量和防止疾病传播的目的。