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过年吃鱼的含义英语作文English Answer：The Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is the most important holiday in the Chinese calendar. Itis a time for families to reunite and celebrate the arrival of the new year. Food plays a central role in the celebration, and the fish is one of the most important dishes.There are many different reasons why fish is eaten at Chinese New Year. One reason is that the word for fish (鱼) in Chinese sounds like the word for "abundance" (余). Therefore, eating fish is said to bring good luck andwealth in the coming year.Another reason why fish is eaten at Chinese New Year is because it is a symbol of fertility. The Chinese believethat eating fish will help to increase their chances of having children.Fish is also a symbol of prosperity and success. The Chinese believe that eating fish will help them to achieve their goals and aspirations in the coming year.Finally, fish is simply a delicious and nutritious food. It is a good source of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and other nutrients. Eating fish can help to improve yourhealth and well-being.中文回答：春节是中国最重要的节日，也是家人团聚、庆祝新年来临的时候。
f头的单词单词：fish1.1词性：名词、动词1.2中文释义：作为名词时，指鱼这种生物；作为动词时，意为捕鱼、钓鱼。
1.3英文释义：As a noun, it refers to an aquatic animal. As a verb, it means to catch or try to catch fish.1.4同义词：fishery（渔业相关，与fish有一定关联）；angling （钓鱼的动作，是fish作为动词时的近义词）；piscine（形容词，鱼的，与fish名词相关）。
2.1词源：源自古英语“fisc”，最初来自原始日耳曼语。
2.2趣闻：在一些文化中，鱼有着特殊的象征意义。
比如在中国文化里，“鱼”和“余”同音，象征着富裕和富足，过年的时候餐桌上往往会有鱼这道菜，寓意年年有余。
3.1短语：(1) fish out：掏出、捞出。
例句：He fished out a coin from his pocket. 翻译：他从口袋里掏出一枚硬币。
(2) fish for：摸索着找；间接打听。
例句：She was fishing for compliments. 翻译：她在设法让别人夸她。
(3) a big fish：大人物。
例句：He is a big fish in the company. 翻译：他在公司里是个大人物。
4.1 "I went to the lake to fish this morning. I brought my fishing rod and some bait. But I didn't catch any fish. Maybe the fish were not hungry today." 翻译：“今天早上我去湖边钓鱼了。
我带了鱼竿和一些鱼饵。
但是我一条鱼也没钓到。
也许今天鱼不饿吧。
”4.2 "There are so many colorful fish in the aquarium. My daughter likes to watch them swim around. It's very relaxing." 翻译：“水族馆里有很多五颜六色的鱼。
鱼精蛋白的多种用途鱼精蛋白（Fish Protein Hydrolysate，FPH）是一种从鱼类经过酶解过程提取得到的蛋白质产品。
它具有多种用途，包括农业、食品、医药等领域。
在本文中，我将详细介绍鱼精蛋白的多种用途，并分享一些我对这个产品的观点和理解。
一、农业领域中的应用1. 植物生长促进剂：鱼精蛋白中含有丰富的氨基酸、多肽和微量元素，这些物质对植物的生长和发育具有促进作用。
将鱼精蛋白应用于农作物的生长环境中，可以提高植物的抗病能力、增强养分吸收能力，促进植物的生长和产量的提高。
2. 生物有机肥料：鱼精蛋白中的氨基酸和多肽是植物的重要营养来源，尤其是对于一些特殊或难以寻找的氮源。
将鱼精蛋白作为有机肥料施于土壤中，不仅可以提供植物所需的氮源，还可以改善土壤结构，增加土壤保水性和保肥性，改善土壤生态环境。
3. 鱼精蛋白作为饲料添加剂：由于鱼精蛋白中富含优质蛋白质，以及氨基酸和多肽等营养物质，因此它可以作为饲料中的重要添加剂。
添加适量的鱼精蛋白可以提高饲料的蛋白质含量，增强饲料的营养价值，促进动物的生长发育，提高饲料的利用率，降低养殖成本。
二、食品领域中的应用1. 调味品：鱼精蛋白中的氨基酸和多肽赋予其独特的鲜味和香气。
鱼精蛋白可以作为一种天然的食品调味品，用于增强食物的风味和口感。
在鱼类制品、肉类制品、方便食品、调味料等食品加工过程中，添加适量的鱼精蛋白可以增加食品的鲜美度，提高食欲和口感。
2. 功能性食品：鱼精蛋白中的氨基酸和多肽具有一定的生理活性，可以对人体健康产生积极影响。
将鱼精蛋白应用于功能性食品的研发中，可以开发出具有降血压、改善血脂、增强免疫力等功效的食品产品。
三、医药领域中的应用1. 药物载体：鱼精蛋白具有较好的生物可降解性和生物相容性，可以作为药物的载体用于控释药物。
通过调控鱼精蛋白的结构和性质，可以实现对药物的缓释、靶向输送和保护作用，增加药物的疗效和减轻副作用。
2. 人工血浆：鱼精蛋白具有较好的胶体浓缩性和生理相容性，可以模拟人体血浆，用于临床医学中的输血治疗。
鱼粉的加工工艺目前国内外鱼粉的加工方法多根据鱼脂肪含量的多少进行加工，分为“高脂鱼”和“低脂鱼”2种加工工艺。
①高脂鱼的加工工艺是对脂肪含量较高的鱼粉先进行脱脂然后再干燥制粉的加工过程。
首先，用蒸煮或干热风加热的方法，使鱼体组织蛋白质发生热变性而凝固，促使体脂分离溶出。
然后对固形物进行螺旋压榨法压榨，固体部分烘干制鱼粉。
干燥的方法分为干热风和蒸汽法2种。
前者吹入干热风的温度因热源形式不同，可从100～400℃不等；后者使用蒸汽间接加热，虽然干燥速度慢，但鱼粉质量好。
整鱼经过去油、去浸汁、干燥、粉碎后的产品，蛋白质含量在50%～60%不等。
榨出的汁液经酸化、喷雾干燥或加热浓缩成鱼膏（fishsoluble）。
鱼膏的原料还可以用鱼类内脏，经加酶水解、离心分离、去油，再将水解液浓缩制成鱼膏；制成后的鱼膏可直接桶装出售，也可用淀粉或糠麸做为吸附剂再经干燥、粉碎后出售，后者称为鱼汁吸附饲料或混合鱼溶粉（compoundfishsalubleprowder），其营养价值因载体而异。
②低脂鱼的加工工艺是对体脂肪相对含量低的鱼及其它海产品的加工过程。
根据原料的种类一般分为全鱼粉和杂鱼粉2类。
全鱼粉是对脂肪含量少的鱼进行整体直接加热干燥，失去部分水分后再进行脱脂，固形物经第2次干燥至水分含量达18%，粉碎制成鱼粉。
通常每100kg全鱼约可出全鱼粉22kg。
蛋白质含量在60%左右。
杂鱼粉：是将小杂鱼、虾、蟹以及鱼头、尾、鳍、内脏等直接干燥粉碎后的产品又称鱼干粉，含粗蛋白质45％～55%不等。
或在鱼产旺季，先采用盐腌原料，再经脱盐，然后干燥粉碎制得。
这种鱼粉往往因脱盐不彻底（含盐10%以上），使用不当易造成畜禽食盐中毒。
EditorialJ E HalverSchool of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences,University of Washington,Seattle,WA,USA Correspondence:J E Halver,School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences,University of Washington,Seattle,WA98195,USA.In the second half of the twentieth century there was enormous progress in the fundamental under-standing of®sh nutrition.This contributed to the great increase in aquaculture production all over the world.This development was initiated by research carried out mainly with salmonids in the USA.About50years ago,basic research into the vitamin and amino acid requirements of®sh started at the Salmon Nutrition Laboratory built by the US Fish and Wildlife Service at Cook,Washington, USA.Qualitative and quantitative vitamin and amino acid requirements for juvenile salmon were developed and diets for salmon aquaculture were tested and improved.Many additional contributions in the following decades by research teams in the USA,Europe,Canada,the Middle East and Japan enabled the feed industry to produce complete dry diets for different®sh species.Currently,aquacul-ture in many parts of the world is characterized by using balanced dry feeds not only for rearing marketable®sh,but also for raising fry and ®ngerlings and for feeding market size®sh and brood stock.It was my privilege to design,equip and staff the laboratory,which was later renamed the Western Fish Nutrition Laboratory as research efforts were extended to other species of®sh.This research in the ®eld of®sh nutrition resulted in acceptance of®sh as important agriculture animals by the International Union of Nutritional Sciences(IUNS)in1971,and a special committee on Nutrition and Production of Fish was organized at Tunis,Tunisia in1972. Representatives from several countries in Europe and Asia joined in efforts to compile the nutrient requirements of several species of®sh,and aqua-culture research¯ourished as new laboratories were built to solve speci®c problems in the®eld.Symposia were organized at each IUNS congress,and at least one international symposium was planned by IUNS Committee III.6in the interim between congresses. Many colleagues throughout the world have con-tributed to the current understanding of nutrient requirements and metabolism of nutrients in various species of®shes,and any listing of names would be incomplete.To celebrate the results attained worldwide in®sh nutrition from1949 until now,and to provide recommendations for future research in®sh nutrition,a Golden Jubilee Fishery Research Conference was organized by Dr Laszlo Varadi and staff of the Fishery Research Institute(HAKI),and this was held on28and29 September1999at Szarvas,Hungary.Werner Steffens of Germany chaired the scienti®c sessions, and I chaired the recommendations and priorities for future research needs generated by the50interna-tional scientists szlo Varadi chaired the second-day sessions commemorating the25-year history of HAKI in research and technology transfer. These reports are expected to be published in a local or regional publication in the near future.After a synopsis of®sh nutrition research during the past 50years,Nikola Fijan brie¯y reviewed the history and developments of the IUNS committee.Clarence Johnson,formerly the US Fish and Wildlife labora-tories coordinator,discussed how effective research teams are built with emphasis on the`60/40rule'for allocation of research funds:60%for directed research and40%for scientist-generated projects. This division of available funds stimulates innovative research by the individual,recognizes the intellect of the scientist and generates seminal contributions in the®eld by the research team(Fig.1).Aquaculture Research,2001,32,611±614Some of the presentations of history and advances in ®sh nutrition research are assembled for this special publication of Aquaculture Research .Several others were more general or focused on local problems and were not included in the space available.Reports on aquaculture developments by Hemre and Lie in Scandinavia,on diet developments for marine ®sh by Hossu in Turkey and on nutrition and reproduction in major carps by Nanda in India were moved to other journals.Aquaculture research reports from Hungary and South-East Asia were also reassigned.During the meetings,requests for input from the scientists on future research needs were circulated and,after studied deliberations,a prioritized list of areas of aquaculture research was tabulated by Janet Fix.She should be acknowledged for under-taking this dif®cult and demanding job.The list was distributed to everyone present,with copies for-warded to the IUNS committee and to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.In addition,the outstanding arrangements for transport to and from Budapest,accommodation,banquets and other logistics made by Agnes Varadi must be acknowledged.The Golden Jubilee Celebration could not have been taken place with-out her skilful and hospitable help.Registration fees for the speakers were provided by the Halver Corporation,Underwood,Washington,and by Bioresearch Laboratories,Redmond,Washington,USA.In addition,major contributions of equipment by the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture and also of time by its staff were appreciated and should be acknowledged.I am particularly grateful for the time and expense contributed by the many scientists who travelled long distances to attend this celebration of my 50years in ®sh nutrition research and to discuss advances in the ®eld leading up to our present knowledge of `what we know'and `what we do not know'in aquaculture research.I hope that the recommendations for new and needed research efforts will be carefully considered and implemented by the national and international agencies involved with aquaculture research and ®sh production (Table1).Figure 1The scienti®c research team at the Western Fish Nutrition Laboratory.Editorial J E Halver Aquaculture Research,2001,32,611±614Aquaculture Research,2001,32,611±614Editorial J E Halver Table1Priorities for needed®shery research,compiled at the Jubilee Fishery Conference,Szarvas,Hungary,September 1999101Nutrition and®sh health Reproduction69Nutrition and®sh health Reproduction66Nutrition and®sh health Immunology65Nutrition and®sh health Stress54Nutrition and®sh health Viral43Nutrition and®sh health Bacterial34Nutrition and®sh health Parasites432Nutrition and®sh health Total weighted points81Alternative protein sources All aspects67Alternative protein sources Agricultural sources60Alternative protein sources Waste product utilization44Alternative protein sources Environmental sources20Alternative protein sources Other sources272Alternative protein sources Total weighted points99Water quality Effect of aquaculture methods on water 94Water quality All aspects72Water quality Effect of water quality on production 265Water quality Total weighted points79Economy All aspects72Economy Market considerations39Economy Manufacturing practices39Economy Protein evaluation35Economy In feed technology264Economy Total weighted points99Product quality All aspects63Product quality Ecology friendly46Product quality Health focus in Mankind41Product quality Stocking249Product quality Total weighted points88Alternative®sh diet sources All aspects49Alternative®sh diet sources Agricultural sources46Alternative®sh diet sources Waste product utilization26Alternative®sh diet sources Environmental sources23Alternative®sh diet sources Other sources232Alternative®sh diet sources Total weighted points68Food safety All aspects61Food safety Environment54Food safety Products43Food safety Ingredients226Food SAFETY Total weighted points65Diets All aspects65Diets Polyculture19Diets Larval8Diets Evaluating feedstuff quality7Diets Anti nutrient factors1Diets For market driven species165Diets Total weighted points51Indigenous species needs Identifying needs of target species39Indigenous species needs Wild species37Indigenous species Needs all aspects37Indigenous species Needs identifying targets for aquaculture 164Indigenous species Needs total weighted points60Genetic engineering requirements Egg,larvae,®ngerlings,adults56Genetic engineering requirements All aspectsEditorial J E Halver Aquaculture Research,2001,32,611±614 101Nutrition and®sh health Reproduction38Genetic engineering requirements Broodstock154Genetic engineering Total weighted points65Requirements extended±research to practice62Why?Basic research on the role of a nutrient in life57Aquaculture practices integrated with life41Developing effective research grant proposals24Fish as experimental animals20Standard methods for nutrition and feed technology269Other Total weighted pointsMajor topics were suggested by the60international scientists attending,and all graded the lists ranked in order of priority for future research:from10(highest)to1(lowest).。
常见江河鱼品种首先大方向是江河鱼鳞片薄白，湖水、池塘鱼鳞片厚黑。
1、青波鱼主要分布在长江及其附属水体。
称中华倒刺鲃，俗称乌鳞、青板，分类上隶属鲤形目、鲤科、鲃亚科、倒刺鲃属鱼类，该鱼在产区是名优鱼类之一，其具有个体大、生长快、食性杂、肉质鲜嫩、适应性较强等优良性状。
中华倒刺鲃为一种底栖性鱼类，性活泼，喜欢成群栖息于底层多为乱石的流水中。
冬季在干流和支流的深坑岩穴中越冬，3月份开始游向支流生长。
3龄性成熟，亲鱼于4-6月间水位上涨时，即到水大而湍急的江段产卵，卵随水漂浮孵化。
它是以水生高等植物为主要食物的杂食性鱼类；丝状藻类、昆虫幼虫、淡水壳菜等均为其摄食对象。
2、白甲鱼是长江上游及珠江流域的主要经济鱼类之一。
白甲鱼Varicorhinus (Onychostoma) simus (Sauvage et Dabry)，又称瓜溜、圆头鱼，体较高，头短阔，吻圆钝。
口颇宽，下位，横裂，下颌具角质边缘。
成负无须。
侧线鳞46～49。
背鳍硬刺具锯齿。
栖息于水流较急、底质多砾石的江段，冬季在岩穴深处或深坑中越冬。
常以下颌刮取藻类为食。
雌鱼体重约l市斤开始性成熟。
3～5月，在多砂石的急流滩上产卵。
肉细嫩、富脂肪。
生长较快，3年鱼体重2中斤以上。
个体较大，最大能长至7市斤。
为地区性经济鱼类。
分布于长江中上游。
分布白甲鱼大多栖息于水流较湍急、底质多砾石的江段中，喜游弋于水的底层。
每年雨水节前后成群溯河上游，立秋前后则顺水而下，冬季在江河干流的深水处乱石堆中越冬。
常以锋利的角质下颌铲食岩石上的着生藻类，兼食少量的摇蚊幼虫、寡毛类和高等植物的碎片。
摄食强度最大是在3-4月份，冬季和生殖季节一般都很少或停止摄食。
3冬龄达到性成熟，产卵期较长，长江流域为4-6月，珠江流域为2-3月。
产卵场多为砾石及沙滩的急流处，卵附着在水底砾石上进行孵化。
白甲鱼分布于长江中、上游干支流和珠江、元江水系。
白甲鱼是长江上游及珠江流域的主要经济鱼类之一。
养殖与饲料2023年第04期收稿日期：2022-10-24基金项目：广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室（北部湾大学）开放项目（2018KB02）；广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室探索项目（2020ZB05）；北部湾大学引进高层次人才科研启动项目（2020KYQD02）；广西自然科学基金项目（2019GXNSFBA245081）作者简介：李伟峰，男，1984年生，博士，副教授。
*通信作者：陈涛，男，1982年生，硕士，副教授。
大弹涂鱼幼鱼、成鱼肌肉营养成分及脂肪酸组成分析李伟峰1，陈涛2*1.广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室（北部湾大学），广西钦州535000；2.广西农业职业技术大学，南宁530007摘要[目的]研究大弹涂鱼（）不同生长阶段肌肉营养成分的变化。
[方法]分析测定大弹涂鱼幼鱼、成鱼肌肉组织的常规营养成分、脂肪酸相对含量、消化酶活性及矿物元素含量。
[结果]大弹涂鱼成鱼肌肉粗脂肪含量显著高于幼鱼，幼鱼、成鱼肌肉粗蛋白质含量丰富。
大弹涂鱼幼鱼肌肉饱和脂肪酸ΣSFA 显著高于成鱼，多不饱合脂肪酸ΣPUFA 显著低于成鱼，特别是幼鱼肌肉二十碳五烯酸EPA （4.97%）、二十二碳六烯酸DHA （11.65%）相对含量均显著低于成鱼（分别为7.96%和18.67%），C18:2n-6、C20:4n-6相对含量显著高于成鱼。
大弹涂鱼幼鱼胃蛋白酶、胃淀粉酶、肠脂肪酶活性显著低于成鱼，成鱼具有较强的消化能力，而幼鱼消化系统没有成鱼完善。
大弹涂鱼成鱼肌肉P 、Mg 含量显著高于幼鱼，成鱼及幼鱼之间微量元素含量差异不显著，成鱼在长期的海洋生活中积累了大量的矿物元素。
[结论]大弹涂鱼幼鱼、成鱼肌肉营养丰富，且成鱼在长期的海洋生活中积累了大量的矿物元素，属于优质海鱼。
关键词大弹涂鱼；幼鱼；成鱼；肌肉营养物质含量；脂肪酸LI Weifeng 1,CHEN Tao 2*1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation (Beibu Gulf University )Guangxi Qinzhou 535000,China;2.Guangxi Agricultural Vocational University,Nanning530007,China[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of nutrient composi 原tion during different growth stages of.[Methods]The conventionalnutrient composition,relative fatty acid content,digestive enzyme activity and mineral element content of muscle tissue of juvenile and adultwere analyzed and determined.[Results]试验研究14··养殖与饲料2023年第04期The results showed that the muscle crude fat content of adultwas signifi -cantly higher than that of juvenile fish,and the muscle crude protein content of juvenile and adult fish was richer.Muscle ΣSFA of juvenile was significantly higher than that ofadult fish,and ΣPUFA was significantly lower than that of adult fish.Especially the relative contents of EPA (4.97%)and DHA(11.65%)in muscle of juvenile were significantly lower in adults(7.96%and18.67%),and the relative contents of C18:2n-6and C20:4n-6were significantly higher than those in adults.The activities of pepsin,gastric amylase and intestinal lipase in juveniles were significantly lower than those in adults.The adults had strong digestive ability,while the digestive system of juveniles wasnot as perfect as that of adult.The contents of P and Mg in muscle of adultwere significantly higher than those of juveniles,and there was no significant difference in thecontent of trace elements between adults and juveniles.Adult had accumulated large amounts of mineral elements during long-term marine life.[Conclusions]The juvenile andadultwas rich in muscle nutrition,and the adult fish had accumulated a large amount of mineral elements in the marine life,which belonged to the high-quality marine fish.;juvenile fish;adult fish;muscle nutrient content;fatty acid大弹涂鱼（），又叫跳跳鱼，隶属于鲈形目，虾虎鱼科，大弹涂鱼属；其体长10~12cm ，双眼凸出，体呈灰褐色，腹有吸盘，平时穴居于滩涂中；该鱼主要分布于东亚及东南亚等地区的沿海一带及我国的南方沿海地区[1]。
丁桂鱼养殖简介丁桂鱼（学名：Dingguifish）是一种淡水鱼，原产于中国。
丁桂鱼的产卵期为每年的春季，是一种重要的经济鱼类。
丁桂鱼养殖可以提供鱼肉和鱼苗，对于农村地区的经济发展具有重要意义。
本文将介绍丁桂鱼的营养需求、养殖条件、养殖技术和常见问题解答等内容。
1. 营养需求丁桂鱼对饲料的要求相对较低，可以采用常见的鱼类饲料进行喂养。
但是，为了保证丁桂鱼的健康生长，合理的饲料配方很重要。
以下是丁桂鱼的营养需求：•蛋白质：丁桂鱼对蛋白质的需求较高，一般需要在饲料中添加约30%的蛋白质。
蛋白质是丁桂鱼生长和发育的基本物质，对其正常生理功能具有重要作用。
•脂肪：丁桂鱼需要脂肪提供能量，并参与细胞膜形成。
适当添加脂肪可以提高鱼体抗病能力，促进丁桂鱼健康发育。
•碳水化合物：作为能量来源的碳水化合物对于丁桂鱼的生长发育也是必需的。
合理的碳水化合物含量有助于丁桂鱼的消化吸收。
•维生素和矿物质：丁桂鱼需要适量的维生素和矿物质来保证正常的代谢和生理功能。
2. 养殖条件池塘选择丁桂鱼对养殖环境的要求相对较高，选择合适的池塘很重要。
•水质：丁桂鱼对水质的要求较高，池塘的水质应清澈透明，富含氧气。
同时，池塘的水温应保持在适宜的范围内，一般在15-28摄氏度之间。
•草本植被：在养殖池塘中适当种植一些草本植物可以提供遮荫和瓦解浮游生物等功能，有助于改善丁桂鱼的生长环境。
养殖设备•水泵和过滤器：为了保证水质的清洁和循环，可以配置适当的水泵和过滤器。
•水温调节设备：当水温超出丁桂鱼生长适宜的范围时，可以使用水温调节设备进行调控。
•光照设备：提供适量的光照是丁桂鱼的一个重要养殖要求，可以使用光照设备来模拟自然光照条件。
3. 养殖技术种苗选购选择优质的丁桂鱼种苗是成功养殖的第一步。
种苗的体型要健康、鳞片无损坏、活动力强的为佳。
饲养管理•饲料投喂：根据丁桂鱼的需求，合理投喂适宜的饲料。
注意控制投喂量，避免过度投喂导致水质污染。
•定时观察：定期观察丁桂鱼的生长发育情况和水质状况。
淡水路亚的鱼种分类及生活习性2鯰形目鯰（鯰）科Siluridae：体延长，前部平扁，后部侧扁，背鳍只一个，体粘滑无脂鳞，表面裸出或具骨板；有须4～6条；口大，两额有利齿，下咽骨正常具细齿；鳃盖下骨不存在；无脂鳍，背鳍甚小或缺，无棘；臀鳍大而长，臀鳍与尾鳍连，分枝的鳍条约50～85，尾鳍亦小。
本种分2属，普遍分布在我国各地，多产于江河中、下游，为食肉性底层鱼。
鯰（Silurus asotus；far east catfish）鯰形目鯰科鯰属的1种（见图）。
又名土鯰、鯰拐。
鯰亦作鯰，以体粘滑而得名。
体重一般1～2千克，最重7～8千克（江鲶可达20~30千克）。
体长形，头略大而平扁。
口宽大，斜向上方，后端可达眼前缘下方；下额突出。
齿细尖绒毛状，额齿及齶齿均排列呈弯带状。
眼小，被皮膜。
上额须1对，可伸达胸鳍末端；下额须1对、短，幼鱼期尚另有1对頦须，体长至60毫米左右时开始消失。
体无鳞。
背鳍很小，无硬刺。
脂背鳍缺如。
胸鳍硬刺外缘锯齿明显。
臀鳍很长，后端连於略凹的尾鳍。
体色随栖息环境而有不同，通常呈绿褐乃至灰黑色，或有略暗云状斑块。
分布于亚洲东部中国黑龙江到珠江水系，俄罗斯海滨省、日本本州及朝鲜亦有。
在中国，遍布于东部各水系向西达四川盆地西侧及甘肃兰州。
肉质细嫩，少细刺，为常见食用鱼之一。
主要生活在江河、湖泊、坑塘、水库的中下层，昼间多隐在草丛、石块下或深水底，夜晚出外活动觅食。
食物以小型鱼为主，也吃虾，水生昆虫等。
产卵期为4～7月。
怀卵量因个体大小而异，一般可产2～3万粒。
卵呈绿色，直径1.4～1.8毫米，沉性，粘在水草上发育。
仔鱼常分散生活。
两栖胡鯰Clarias batrachus；froglike walking catfish，鯰形目胡鯰科胡鯰属的一种。
最大个体约长400毫米；常见的不超过250毫米。
体长形，后部侧扁；头宽而平扁，前部尤扁，呈楔形。
眼小，眶缘游离；鼻孔远离；体无鳞；背鳍很长，占头后背缘的大部，无硬刺。
