美罗培南与亚胺培南西司他丁比较
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美罗培南与亚安培南/西司他丁的区别亚安培南属于碳青霉烯第一代药物,美罗培南属于第二代。
碳青霉烯是ß-内酰胺类抗生素之一,具有超广谱的抗菌活性,覆盖了多数临床常见的需氧及厌氧菌,因而成为治疗严重感染的一线经验性治疗药物,特别是致病菌不明或怀疑为耐药菌株时。
当致病菌对头孢菌素类耐药或治疗困难时,碳青霉烯是非常有效的药物。
此药对产AmpC 酶或ESBL的很多细菌仍保存其抗菌活性。
一、抗菌活性及抗菌谱1.化学结构及作用方式碳青霉烯的ß-内酰胺核中的5环结构内有一个碳原子取代了硫,并在C2、C3有一个不饱和键。
美罗培南与亚安培南的主要区别在于导入了1ß-甲基,因此美罗培南对肾脱氢肽酶具有稳定性,另外在 C2位侧链处有取代,从而增强了美罗培南抗绿脓杆菌的效力。
碳青霉烯通过结合青霉素结合蛋白(PBP)显示其抑制细胞壁合成的能力,致使细胞的胞浆渗透压改变和细胞溶解。
2.体外抗菌活性亚胺培南、美洛培南对大多数革兰阳性、阴性需氧菌、厌氧菌及多重耐药菌均有较强的抗菌活性,但耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌等对本品耐药。
亚胺培南在浓度8mg•L-1时,可抑制90%以上的主要致病菌。
而抗革兰阴性需氧菌及厌氧菌的效力美罗培南是与亚安培南的2~16倍,对铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性是亚胺培南的2-4倍。
亚安培南抗革兰阳性菌,特别是金葡菌和肠球菌的效力是美罗培南的2~4倍。
与青霉素敏感的肺炎链球菌比较,两种药物对耐青霉素的肺炎链球菌的最小抑菌浓度有所升高,但该菌仍对碳青霉烯敏感。
3.抗菌耐药性虽然临床使用亚胺培南/西司他丁已数年,但对碳青霉烯耐药的菌株很少,仅有黄单胞菌、粪肠球菌和耐苯甲氧青霉素的葡萄球菌。
绿脓杆菌等一般对亚胺培南耐药,但对美罗培南仍可能敏感。
两种碳青霉烯均不被质粒携带的TEM酶(通常是肠杆菌科产生),如广谱ß-内酰胺酶水解,也不受肠道菌属、粘质沙雷菌和假单胞所产生的染色体类ß-内酰胺酶的影响。
比较美罗培南和亚胺培南-西司他丁治疗重症肺部感染的临床效果摘要】目的探讨分析对重症肺部感染患者采用美罗培南与亚胺培南-西司他丁治疗的疗效。
方法此次研究对象选自我院2021年4月到2022年4月期间收治的重症肺部感染患者,共计56例,按照数字表法对其分组:分别是研究组28例和参照组28例。
其中接受亚胺培南-西司他丁的为参照组,给予美罗培南治疗的为研究组,观察对两组的治疗效果。
结果两组的治疗有效率对比,研究组高于参照组(P<0.05);两组的治疗恢复情况对比,研究组优于参照组(P<0.05)。
结论根据本次研究的结果可以确认,对重症肺部感染患者采用美罗培南治疗的效果更为确切,还可以有效缩短对其治疗时间,加快其病情恢复。
【关键词】重症肺部感染;美罗培南;亚胺培南-西司他丁;治疗效果;对比分析Abstract] Objective To investigate and analyze the efficacy of meropenem and imipenem cilastatin in the treatment of patients with severe pulmonary infection. The total number of patients in the study group was 28 cases of severe lung infection from 2024 to 2021. Methods: according to the number of patients in the study group, 28 cases were selected from 2024 months. Among them, those who received imipenem cilastatin were the reference group and those who were treated with meropenem were the study group. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed. Results the effective rate of the study groupwas higher than that of the reference group (P < 0.05); Compared with the treatment recovery of the two groups, the study group was better than the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion according to theresults of this study, it can be confirmed that meropenem is moreeffective in the treatment of patients with severe pulmonary infection. It can also effectively shorten the treatment time and accelerate the recovery of their condition.【 key words 】 severe pulmonary infection; Meropenem; Imipenem cilastatin; Therapeutic effect; comparative analysis随着现在自然环境的恶化,致使呼吸系统疾病在临床上越发常见。
肺部感染属于常见的一种在肺泡腔等肺部实质发生炎症的呼吸道感染疾病,患者大多发病急,病因在于致病菌感染,临床症状表现为咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛、咳血、发烧、乏力等。
患者若不及时治疗,很容易进一步发展为重症肺部感染(如老年人、有合并多种基础疾病史),从而在短时间内出现意识障碍、休克、肝肾功能不全,甚至出现死亡,极大地威胁了患者的生命健康。
目前研究发现,造成重症肺部亚胺培南西司他丁钠和美罗培南对重症肺部感染患者的疗效及对细菌清除率、炎症因子水平的影响翁朝航厦门巿海沧医院,福建厦门 361026[摘要]目的:研究亚胺培南西司他丁钠和美罗培南对重症肺部感染患者的疗效及对细菌清除率、炎症因子水平的影响。
方法:选取2017年12月—2019年12月期间我院收治的120例重症肺部感染患者为观察对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,其中对照组60例患者在常规治疗基础上静脉滴注亚胺培南西司他丁钠;观察组60例患者在常规治疗基础上静脉滴注美罗培南,两组患者均治疗2周。
记录并对比两组患者治疗后的临床疗效、细菌清除率以及炎症因子水平的差异。
结果:经治疗后,观察组的总有效率(95.00%)显著高于对照组(81.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者革兰阳性菌清除率及总体细菌清除率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组革兰阴性菌及真菌清除率比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者经过治疗后的血清肿瘤坏死因子α、白介素-6、C反应蛋白以及降钙素原水平均明显低于治疗前,且观察组的各项炎症因子指标降低幅度较对照组更显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者治疗期间不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
结论:美罗培南在治疗重症肺部感染患者中具有较好的临床疗效,可显著改善患者的临床症状,提高细菌清除率,降低炎症因子水平,建议临床推广。
[关键词]亚胺培南西司他丁钠;美罗培南;重症肺部感染;疗效;细菌清除率;炎症因子[中图分类号]R969.4;R563.1 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1672-2809(2020)19-0034-04Effects of Imipenem Cilastatin Sodium and Meropenem on Bacterial Clearance Rate and Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Severe Pulmonary InfectionWENG ChaohangXiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen Fujian 361026, China.[Abstract] Objective: To study the efficacy of imipenem cilastatin sodium and meropenem in the treatment of severe pulmonary infection and the influence on bacterial clearance rate and inflammatory factors. Methods: 120 patients with severe pulmonary infection in our hospital from December 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the observation objects and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group. 60 patients in the control group were given imipenem cilastatin sodium intravenous drip on the basis of conventional treatment; 60 patients in the observation group were treated with meropenem on the basis of conventional treatment, both groups were treated for 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy, bacterial clearance rate and inflammatory factor levels of the two groups were recorded and compared. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group (95.00%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (81.67%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the Gram-positive bacteria clearance rate and the overall bacterial clearance rate of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the clearance rate of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi between the two groups (P>0.05); After treatment, the serum tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and calcitonin in the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment, and the inflammatory factors in the observation group decreased more significantly than those in the control group (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups during the treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion: Meropenem in the treatment of patients with severe pulmonary infection has good clinical efficacy, can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients, improve the bacterial clearance rate, reduce the level of inflammatory factors, it is recommended that clinical promotion.[Key Words] Imipenem Cilastatin Sodium; Meropenem; Severe Pulmonary Infection; Efficacy; Bacterial Clearance Rate; Inflammatory Factors作者简介:翁朝航,本科,副主任医师。