北京大学考博英语模拟题14 Part ⅠVocabulary 1. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a ______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion. A.long B.forever https://www.doczj.com/doc/a85899369.html,sting D.lively 答案：C [解答] 本题空格处是说留下持久的印记。long的意思是“长期的”；forever的意思是“永远”；lasting的意思是“持久的”；lively的意思是“活泼的，逼真的”。四个选项中只有C项符合题意。 2. The magician picked out several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A.by accident B.on average C.on occasion D.at random 答案：D by accident偶然的。on average平均的。on occasion有时。at random随意的。 3. British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered ______ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats. A.a sharp set-back B.severe set-back C.a severe blown-up D.sharp blown-up
2015年四川大学考博《英语》真题 (总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟) 一、ⅠReadingComprehension 二、Passage1 Speechissofamiliarafeatureofdailylifethatwerarelypausetodefineit.Itseemsasnatural tomanaswalkingandonlylesssothanbreathing.Yetitneedsbutamoment'sreflectiontoconvinceus thatthisnaturalnessofspeechisbutanillusoryfeeling.Theprocessofacquiringspeechis,insob erfact,anutterlydifferentsortofthingfromtheprocessoflearningtowalk.Inthecaseofthelatt erfunction,culture,inotherwords,thetraditionalbodyofsocialusage,isnotseriouslybrought intoplay.Thechildisindividuallyequipped,bythecomplexsetoffactorsthatwetermbiologicalh eredity,tomakealltheneededmuscularandnervousadjustmentsthatresultinwalking.Indeed,the veryconformationofthesemusclesandoftheappropriatepartsofthenervoussystemmaybesaidtobe primarilyadaptedtothemovementsmadeinwalkingandinsimilaractivities.Inaveryrealsense,th enormalhumanbeingispredestinedtowalk,notbecausehiselderswillassisthimtolearnthear t,butbecausehisorganismispreparedfrombirth,orevenfromthemomentofconception,totake onallthoseexpendituresofnervousenergyandallthosemuscularadaptationsthatresultinwalkin g.Toputitconcisely,walkingisaninherent,biologicalfunctionofman. Notsolanguage.Itisofcoursetruethatinacertainsensetheindividualispredestinedtotalk ,butthatisdueentirelytothecircumstancethatheisbornnotmerelyinnature,butinthelapofasoc ietythatiscertain,reasonablycertain,toleadhimtoitstraditions.Eliminatesocietyandthere iseveryreasontobelievethathewilllearntowalk,if,indeed,hesurvivesatall.Butitisjustasce rtainthathewillneverlearntotalk,thatis,tocommunicateideasaccordingtothetraditionalsys temofaparticularsociety.Or,again,removethenew-bornindividualfromthesocialenvironmenti ntowhichhehascomeandtransplanthimtoanutterlyalienone.Hewilldeveloptheartofwalkinginhi snewenvironmentverymuchashewouldhavedevelopeditintheold.Buthisspeechwillbecompletelya tvariancewiththespeechofhisnativeenvironment.Walkingthenisageneralhumanactivitythatva riesonlywithinarestrictedlimitaswepassfromindividualtoindividual.Itsvariabil ityispurposeless.Speechisahumanactivitythatvarieswithoutassignablelimitaswepassfr omsocialgrouptosocialgroup,becauseitisapurelyhistoricalheritage,theproductoflong-cont inuedsocialusage.Itvariesasallcreativeeffortvaries-notasconsciously,perhaps,butnoneth elessastrulyasdothereligions,thebeliefs,thecustoms,andtheartsofdifferentpeoples.Walki ngisanorganic,instinctivefunction,speechisanon-instinctive,acquired,"cultural"functio n. (1).ThefirstsentenceofParagraphTwo,"Notsolanguage"istheclosestinmeaningto______. " A.thisisnotthecasewithlanguage " B.soislanguageandnotanythingelse " C.nosuchathingexistsinlanguage " D.notsomuchwithlanguage A.√ B. C. D. 解析：细节推理题。Notsolanguage承接首段的最后一句话，将language与walking进行对比，上文提及"行走是人类与生俱来的一种生物功能"，而语言则不是。选项A与文中的意思最接近。故答案为A。
Part Two:Structure and Written Expression(20%) Directions:For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked、Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet、 11. Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution、 A.admits of B、requires of C、needs of D、seeks for 12.In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message、 A.accustomed to split and divided B.accustomed to splitting and dividing C.accustomed to split and dividing D.accustomed to splitting and divided 13.Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value、 A、at itself B、as itself C、on itself D、in itself 14. us earlier, your request to the full、 A、You have contacted…we could comply with B、Had you contacted…we could have complied with C、You had contacted…could we have complied with D、Have you contacted…we could comply with 15.The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy、 A、discard B、discreet C、discord D、disgorge 16、Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology、No one can shield himself such an influence、 A、on…by…at B、by…for…in C、from…in…on D、through…with…from 17、The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety、Now it appears to create 、 A、bore B、bored C、boredom D、bordom 18、Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz、 A、lacked B、lacking C、for lack of D、lack of 19、There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine、 A、that have to B、have to C、having to D、has to 20、The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it、 A、none the worse B、none the better C、never worse D、never better 21、As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color、 A、cried out for…cried out for B、cry out for…cry out for C、had cried out for…cried out for D、had cried out for…cry out for 22、While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very 、 A、trigger B、meager C、vigor D、linger 23、Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology、 A、as much the Africans are detribalized B、the Africans are much being detribalized C、as much as the Africans are being detribalized D、as much as the Africans are detribalized 24、We admire his courage and self-confidence、 A、can but B、cannot only C、cannot but D、can only but 25、In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical、
北京大学考博英语真题常见句子翻译方法近期很多考生问关于条件状语从句的分析和翻译问题，在此，育明考博老师结合同学提出的两个典型问题为大家分析条件状语从句，并给出相应的参考译文。 一、问题：请分析并翻译：If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. 解析：很多考生看到这样一句从横三、四行的长句会心生畏惧，对自己没有信心，自然也就无法理清这句中的各种枝节。拿到这样的一个句子，最主要的仍然是先把主干找到，然后再看其他部分和主干的关系。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 句子主干：you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties 主干是由两个并列的分句组成的，第一个分句是you will be in a position to know the experiences主系表结构，第二个分句是it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties形式主语+系表结构+不定式作真正的主语。
北京大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题 Part One: Listening Comprehension略 Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (20%) Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET. 21._________ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together. [A] Had they arrived [B] Would they arrive [C] Were they arriving [D] Were they to arrive 22._________ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent. [A] He would leave school [B] He left school [C] He had left school [D] He has left school 23.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained _________. [A] to be shown [B] to have been shown [C] to have shown [D] being shown 24.__________ that should be given priority to. [A] It is the committee has decided [B] It is only the committee has decided [C] It is what the committee has decided [D] It is what has the committee decided 25. The most interesting new cars may owe __________ the simple wisdom of hiring a few talented people and allowing them to work. [A] less local free-spiritedness than [B] less local free-spiritedness than to [C] to less local free-spiritedness than to [D] less to local free-spiritedness than to 26. Over the years, Jimmy Connors __________ phenomenal displays of tennis and temper—and at the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both again. [A] has treated spectators with [B] has treated spectator for [C] has treated spectators [D] has treated spectators to 27. Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are __________ the time middle-class students devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports. [A] as hardly culturally enriching as [B] as hardly enriching culture as
四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 阅读 1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? I t was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing a s “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to tradi t ional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C） 22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____. A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language（C） 23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___. A) a Substandard language B) a genuine language C) an artificial language D) an international language（B）
2009年语言学理论 一名词解释。 1.配价： “配价”是当今语法理论体系中最重要的问题之一，所谓“价”（valency），是借用化学中的术语，主要考察某一成分有多少个同现成分，亦即某一成分必须有多少个强制性搭配成分。最早把“价”理论引进语法研究领域的是法国语言学家Lucien Tesnuere，当初是为了研究一个动词能支配多少种不同性质的名词性词语，动词的“价”就就定于动词所支配的不同性质的名词性词语的数目。 配价理论思想认为，动词是一个句子的中心（支配词regissant），它支配着句子中别的成分，而动词本身不受其他任何成分的支配。只接受动词支配的的有“名词词组”和“副词词组”，其中名词词组形成“行动元(actant)”，副词词组形成“状态元(circonstant)”。从理论上说，句子中的状态元可以是无限多，但行动元不得超过三个，即主语、宾语1和宾语2。由此可以将动词分为一价动词、二价动词和三价动词。 动词有配价的问题，后来经过研究，发现形容词和名词等也有配价问题。我们可以说：利用动词与不同性质的名词之间、形容词与不同性质的名词之间、名词中隐含谓词与不同性质的名词之间的配价关系来研究、解释语法现象，这种研究和分析的手段就称之为“配价分析”。 根据配价分析理论，汉语中的动词可以分为零价动词，表自然现象的词；一价动词，即一般的不及物动词；二价动词，即一般的及物动词；三价动词，即双宾动词。 在中国最早利用配价理论与方法来研究汉语的是朱德熙先生关于“动词语+的”结构的分析。利用配价理论及方法我们可以对汉语中的一些歧义现象进行分析，也可一解释一些用其他理论不好解释或不能完善解释的语法现象。 关于配价的性质长期以来有几种不同的观点： 一是认为配价是建立在句法基础上的语法范畴。以句法概念来说明
北京大学考博英语历年试题综合分析 导言：考博英语真题的重要性 全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真 题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总 结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。 考博英语试题的独特性 众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生 入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英 语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。 首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要 求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会 选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方 面而引起的错误和争议。 其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级、杂 志文章或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性，我们研 究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这 一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前 精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
考博英语试题的作用 考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。 指导作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、 题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。 规划作用。考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。 调控作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆，随时监控与调节自己的复习计划，使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。 由此可知，研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。因此，华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究，将北京大学考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述，对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测，并提出了针对北京大学考博英语的备考方法，让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性，让考生少走弯路，快速提高考试成绩。 以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学考博英语历年试题详细分析。 一、北京大学考博英语试题的考核要求 北京大学博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定：“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。根据这一规定，并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况，我校博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识，又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%） Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution. A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for 12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. A．accustomed to split and divided B．accustomed to splitting and dividing C．accustomed to split and dividing D．accustomed to splitting and divided 13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself 14．us earlier, your request to the full. A.You have contacted…we could comply with B.Had you contacted…we could have complied with C.You had contacted…could we have complied with D.Have you contacted…we could comply with 15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge 16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. on…by…at B. by…for…in C. from…in…on D. through…with…from 17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B. bored C. boredom D. bordom 18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of 19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to C. having to D. has to 20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the better C. never worse D. never better 21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out for…cried out for B. cry out for…cry out for C. had cried out for…cried out for D. had cried out for…cry out for 22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very . A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger 23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the Africans are much being detribalized C. as much as the Africans are being detribalized D. as much as the Africans are detribalized 24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but 25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to
川大考博英语2014年真题 I．Reading Comprehension (30%; one mark each) Directions: Read the following six passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. Passage One In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small,well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, Nell-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “huma n-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again-by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems the never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system form, a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maxima, production and consumption are ends in themselves, into a humanist industrialism in which man and full