a definitive edition of the poems

e.e. cummings (1894 - 1962)Cummings was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to liberal, indulgent parents who from early on encouraged him to develop his creative gifts. While at Harvard, where his father had taught before becoming a Unitarian minister, he delivered a daring commencement address on modernist artistic innovations, thus announcing the direction his own work would take. In 1917, after working briefly for a mail-order publishing company, the only regular employment in his career, Cummings volunteered to serve in the Norton-Harjes Ambulance group in France. Here he and a friend were imprisoned (on false grounds) for three months in a French detention camp. The Enormous Room (1922), his witty and absorbing account of the experience, was also the first of his literary attacks on authoritarianism. Eimi (1933), a later travel journal, focused with much less successful results on the collectivized Soviet Union.At the end of the First World War Cummings went to Paris to study art. On his return to New York in 1924 he found himself a celebrity, both for The Enormous Room and for Tulips and Chimneys (1923), his first collection of poetry (for which his old classmate John Dos Passos had finally found a publisher). Clearly influenced by Gertrude Stein's syntactical and Amy Lowell's imagistic experiments, Cummings's early poems had nevertheless discovered an original way of describing the chaotic immediacy of sensuous experience. The games they play with language (adverbs functioning as nouns, for instance) and lyric form combine with their deliberately simplistic view of the world (the individual and spontaneity versus collectivism and rational thought) to give them the gleeful and precocious tone which became, a hallmark of his work. Love poems, satirical squibs, and descriptive nature poems would always be his favoured forms.A roving assignment from Vanity Fair in 1926 allowed Cummings to travel again and to establish his lifelong routine: painting in the afternoons and writing at night. In 1931 he published a collection of drawings and paintings, CIOPW (its title an acronym for the materials used: charcoal, ink, oil, pencil, watercolour), and over the next three decades had many individual shows in New York. He enjoyed a long and happy third marriage to the photographer Marion Morehouse, with whom he collaborated on Adventures in Value (1962), and in later life divided his time between their apartment in New York and his family's farm in New Hampshire. His many later books of poetry, from VV (1931) and No Thanks (1935) to Xaipe (1950) and 95 Poems (1958), took his formal experiments and his war on the scientific attitude to new extremes, but showed little substantial development.Cummings's critical reputation has never matched his popularity. The left-wing critics of the 1930s were only the first to dismiss his work as sentimental and politically naïve. His supporters, however, find value not only in its verbal and visual inventiveness but also in its mystical and anarchistic beliefs. The two-volume Complete Poems, ed. George James Firmage (New York and London, 1981) is the standard edition of his poetry, and Dreams in a Mirror, by Richard S. Kennedy (New York, 1980) the standard biography. e. e. cummings: The Art of His Poetry, by Norman Friedman (Baltimore and London, 1960) is still among the best critical studies of his poetic techniques.Edward Estlin Cummings (1894～1962)美国诗人。

人教版高中英语选修六课后阅读训练5.【Unit2Period1】及答案解析Ⅰ.阅读理解APoetry is one of the important art forms of literature,and is an easy way to express your feelings.Moreover, everyone understands it in their own way.Some find relief in poems;some read them simply for peace;some read poems for simple artistic pleasure.There are some special features of poetry,which make it quite different from other forms of literature.First of all,poems have rhythmic patterns.Generally most parts of a poem follow the same form of rhythm.Poems may have rhyme,but they don’t have to.The lines are neatly arranged together so that they express a particular feeling or emotion.There can be various types of poems but according to the pattern or the form,there are mainly three types:Lyrics(抒情诗):The lyric mainly concentrates on human thoughts and emotions rather than a story.Lyrics always bear song-like appeal.These are mainly short poems.Popular lyric poem forms are the elegy(挽歌),theode(颂歌)and the sonnet(十四行诗).William Shakespeare,Edmund Waller and Keats are some of the greatest lyric writers of all times.Narrative poems:This type of poetry tells a story.Narrative poems are usually long poems.Epics(史诗)and ballads fall under this type.Some of the greatest epic poets are John Milton,Dante,Edgar Allan Poe,Alexander Pope, William Shakespeare,etc.Dramatic poems:Any drama that is written in verse is a dramatic poem.These poems generally tell a story. Black verse,dramatic monologues and closet drama belong to this type.William Shakespeare,Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson are some of the great dramatic poets.Whatever the form is,one thing,which cannot be denied,is that poetry is one of the most powerful tools to express our feelings.【语篇概述】本文主要讲了诗歌的一些特点以及诗歌的几个类别。

小学关于吉尼斯纪录的英文作文In the world we live in, there are countless amazing and extraordinary things that often capture our attention and fascination. From the tallest buildings to the fastest animals, the world is full of incredible records and achievements that push the boundaries of what is possible. One of the most well-known and authoritative sources for documenting these remarkable feats is the Guinness World Records.The Guinness World Records, formerly known as the Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually that contains a collection of world records, both human achievements and natural wonders. It is compiled and published by the Guinness World Records organization, which is headquartered in London, United Kingdom.The idea for the Guinness World Records book was conceived in the early 1950s by Sir Hugh Beaver, the managing director of the Guinness Brewery. Beaver had attended a shooting party where a debate arose over the fastest game bird in Europe, and he realizedthere was no definitive source to settle such queries. This inspired him to create a book that would contain verified and authoritative records of all kinds of achievements and phenomena.The first edition of the Guinness Book of World Records was published in 1955 and became an instant success. It was initially intended as a reference book for pub trivia, but it quickly gained popularity among the general public and became a global phenomenon. Over the years, the book has evolved and expanded, covering a wide range of categories, from the largest and heaviest objects to the most unusual human abilities and experiences.One of the key aspects of the Guinness World Records is its commitment to accuracy and verification. The organization employs a team of researchers and adjudicators who carefully investigate and validate each record claim before it is officially recognized. This ensures that the records published in the book are genuine and can be trusted as accurate representations of the world's most extraordinary achievements.The Guinness World Records covers a vast array of categories, ranging from the traditional sports and physical feats to more unusual and quirky records. Some of the most well-known and fascinating records include the tallest man, the heaviest avocado, the largest collection of rubber ducks, and the longest fingernails. Theserecords not only capture our imagination but also showcase the incredible diversity and creativity of the human spirit.One of the most remarkable aspects of the Guinness World Records is its ability to inspire people to push the boundaries of human achievement. The book has become a source of inspiration for individuals and organizations around the world, encouraging them to strive for greatness and set new records. Many people have dedicated their lives to breaking existing records or creating new ones, driven by a desire to be recognized and immortalized in the pages of the Guinness World Records.In addition to its role as a reference book, the Guinness World Records has also become a popular cultural phenomenon. The book has been adapted into various media, including television shows, websites, and even theme parks, allowing people to engage with the records in interactive and entertaining ways. The annual Guinness World Records Day, celebrated every November, is a global event that encourages people to attempt and break records, fostering a sense of community and shared accomplishment.For elementary school students, the Guinness World Records can be an invaluable resource for learning and exploration. The book's diverse range of records can spark curiosity and inspire young minds to learn more about the world around them. Students can discoverfascinating facts and stories, and be motivated to pursue their own passions and interests, whether it's in sports, science, or the arts.Furthermore, the Guinness World Records can be a valuable tool for educators to engage students in various subjects. Teachers can use the book to illustrate concepts in mathematics, geography, biology, and other disciplines, making learning more interactive and engaging. By exploring the records, students can develop critical thinking skills, hone their research abilities, and gain a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the world.In conclusion, the Guinness World Records is a remarkable and captivating resource that has captured the imagination of people around the globe. From its humble beginnings as a reference book for pub trivia, it has evolved into a global phenomenon that celebrates the extraordinary achievements of individuals and the natural world. For elementary school students, the Guinness World Records can be a powerful tool for learning, inspiration, and personal growth, encouraging them to explore the limits of human potential and discover the incredible diversity of our planet.。

人教版选择性必修第三册复习学案Unit 1Art ....................................................................................................................... - 1 - Unit 2Healthy Lifestyle ............................................................................................... - 21 - Unit 3Environmental Protection................................................................................. - 39 - Unit 4Adversity and Courage...................................................................................... - 54 - Unit 5Poems ............................................................................................................... - 70 -Unit 1Art主题语境：人与社会(艺术与艺术欣赏)【话题词汇】1.sculpture n. 雕塑；雕刻2.statue n. 塑像；雕像3.Chinese landscape painting 中国山水画4.watercolor painting 水彩画5.oil painting 油画6.portrait n. 肖像画7.figure n. 画像8.carve n. & v. 雕刻9.gallery n. 画廊10.exhibition n. 展览；展览品11.display n．& v t. 展示；陈列12.design n．& v. 图案；设计13.draft n. 草稿；草图14.sketch n. 草图；素描15.shade n. 暗影16.inspiration n. 灵感；启发17.insight n. 洞察力18.technique n. 技巧19.masterpiece n. 杰作20.admire v. 钦佩；赞美21.reflect v. 反映；反射22.represent v. 代表；象征；体现23.unique adj. 独特的24.creative adj. 有创造性的25.abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的26.extraordinary adj. 非凡的27.vivid adj. 生动的28.visual adj. 视觉的29.valuable adj. 有价值的30.precious adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的【话题短语】1.true to life 逼真2.take pictures (photos)/take a picture (photo) 拍照3.works of art 艺术品4.works appreciation 作品欣赏5.abstract art 抽象艺术6.make comments on 对……作评论7.Beijing Opera 京剧8.be designed for... 为……而设计9.be faced with 面对，面临10.be open to 向……开放11.be shaped like... 形状像……12.on exhibition/display/show 在展出13.enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎14.queue up/stand in line 排队15.range from...to... 范围从……到……16.sense of beauty 美感17.show up 出现18.go through many difficulties 经历许多困难19.widen one's horizons 开阔某人的眼界【话题佳句】1.I'm writing to invite you to see the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting art, which is a Chinese folk art with a long history.我写信邀请你参观中国剪纸艺术展。

William Blake’s The Songs of Innocence and ExperienceThe Songs of Innocence and Experience are masterpieces of English lyric poetry and William Blake's most famous work, presenting two vastly different views of the world: one beautiful and one horrific. This edition contains all of the poems (including the rare early poem, "A Divine Image") and unlike most editions, preserves Blake's idiosyncratic spelling, punctuation, and capitalization system. The poems are presented exactly as Blake intended them. To elucidate Blake's poems, 46 full-page illustrations were created by author and designer Robert Crayola. Each image is rendered in meticulous grayscale, and adds a new level of insight and clarity to the work. Also included are a commentary on the poems and an author biography, making this the definitive edition of this classic work.William Blake subtitled his Songs of Innocence and Experience 'Shewing Two Contrary States of the Human Soul'. His overall vision of the human condition is one where good and evil exist interdependently and this is an idea reflected in Blake's coloured engravings of the poems, examples of which are included in this collection.This edition has comprehensive notes on the poems and an Approaches section offering commentary and activities on key themes and techniques, such as Blake's political beliefs and the role of imagery within his poetry.The style of the Songs of Innocence and Experience is simple and direct, but the language and the rhythms are painstakingly crafted, and the ideas they explore are often deceptively complex. The album, William Blake's Songs Of Innocence And Of Experience, is an often seamless marriage between Blake's fluid poetry and Vertunni's arrangements.。

墓园挽歌：托马斯·格雷（Thomas Gray，1716-1771）是感伤主义诗歌的代表诗人。

他最著名的诗歌是便是《墓园挽歌》，并因此同写过《夜吟死亡》（Nitht-Piece on Death,1721）的托马斯·帕达尔（Thomas Parnell, 1679-1718）,写过《坟墓》（The Grave, 1743）的罗伯特·布莱尔（Robert Blair，1699-1746）和写过《夜思》（Night Thoughts，1742）的爱德华·杨格（Edward Yong,1683-1765）等人一道被称为“墓园派诗人”。

《墓园挽歌》是“感伤主义”的代表作，常被批评家誉为十八世纪乃至英国历来最好的诗歌。

这首诗有着这样独特的地位，主要是因为它凝聚了每个时期中的某种社会情绪，用比较完美的形式表达了这种情绪，在一定程度上解决了如何革新旧传统的问题，具有较高的艺术成就。

这首诗写诗人流连在乡村的墓园里，望着一座座平民百姓的墓石，他思考了狠毒。

这些人默默无闻，劳作终身，死后埋葬简陋的墓地里，他们身前也有过报复，经历过悲欢离合。

回忆中，诗人对他们寄予深切的同情，对骄奢淫逸的权贵做了温和的批评，并指出：不论身前多么荣华富贵，死亡对于每个人来说都是平等的。

既然大家殊途同归，人们就应该以一种豁达的态度来面对人生。

这首诗共32节，每节有四行五步抑扬格组成，以abab押韵。

总体上来说，这首诗在形式上采用了古典主义的格式，但在内容上却显示了感伤主义和浪漫主义的新特征。

诗人在晚钟时分步入墓园：晚钟殷殷响，夕阳已西沉。

群牛呼叫归，迂回走草径。

农夫荷锄犁，倦倦回家门。

唯我立狂野，独自对黄昏。

（The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea,The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and to me.）开头一段描写了天黑时分牧人赶着牛群徐徐入村，农人们经历了一天的劳累拖着疲惫的步伐回家的景象，把恬静的乡村生活如风景画般的呈现在了我们面前。

Part One1. What are the main roles of banks?答：Although banks share many common features with other profit-seeking business,they play a unique role in the economy through mobilizing savings,allocating capital funds to fiance productive investment,transmitting monetary policy,providinga payment system and transforming risks.3. According to the revised edition of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China ,what functions does the PBC perform?答：The PBC 's key functions are to conduct monetary policy, prevent and dissolve financial risks, and maintain financial stability under the leadership of the State Council.4. Can you give some examples of indirect instruments for implementing monetary policy?答：Indirect instruments as required reserve ratio, interest rate adjustment and open market operations.9. What is your definition of share and bond?答：Shares are certificates or book entries representing ownership in a corporation or similar entity.Bonds are written evidences of debts.13. What is your definition of “securities”?答：Securities are paper certificates (definitive securities) or electronic records (book-entry securities) evidencing ownership of equity (stock) or debt obligations (bonds).Part Two2. What are the objectives of banking supervision?First, the key objective of supervision is to maintain stability and public confidence in financial system.The second goal of bank supervisions to ensure that bank operate in a safe and sound manner and that they hold capital and reserve sufficient to cover the risks that may arise in their business.Third, a related goal is to protect depositors’ funds and , if any bank should fail, to minimize the losses to be absorbed by the deposit insurance fund.The fourth goal of bank supervision is to foster an efficient and competition banking system that is responsive to the public need for high quality financial services at reasonable cost.The fifth and final goal of bank supervision is to ensure compliance with banking laws and regulations.3. What risks might the commercial banks have to face?(1)credit risk (2)market risk (3)liquidity risk (4)operational risk (5)legal risk (6)reputation risk4. What are the implication of credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk and operational risk?Credit risk: A major type of risk that banks face is credit risk or the failure of a counterpart to perform according to a contractual arrangement.Market risk: Two specific elements of market risk are foreign exchange risk and interest risk. Banks face a risk of losses in on- and off-balance sheet positions arising from movement in exchange rates. Interest rate risk prefers to the exposure of a bank’s financial condition to adverse movements in interest rates.Liquidity risk: Liquidity risk arises from the inability of a bank to accommodate decreases in liabilities or to fund increases in assets.Operational risk: The most important types of operational risk involve breakdowns in internal controls and corporate governance..5.At what levels does the Basel Accord set the minimum capital ratio requirements for internationally active banks?The Accord sets minimum capital ratio requirements for internationally active banks of 4% tier one capita and 8% total capital (tier one plus tier two) in relation to risk-weighted assets.Part Three1. What does foreign exchange include ?答：Foreign exchange includes the following means of payments and assets denominated in a foreign currency that can be used for international settlement:●Foreign currencies, including banknotes and coins;●Payment vouchers denominated in foreign currency, including negotiableinstruments, bank certificates of deposit and certificates of postal savings;●Securities denominated in foreign currency, including government bonds,corporate bonds and stocks;●Super-national currencies such as Special Drawing Rights and the Euro; and●Other assets denominated in foreign currency.3. What are the requirements for domestic institutions for opening foreign exchange accounts abroad?答：Domestic entities which meet one of the following requirements may apply for opening a foreign exchange account abroad:●Expecting small amount income during a certain period of time abroad;●Expecting small amount ex penditure during a certain period of time abroad;●Undertaking overseas construction projects;and issuing securities denominated in foreign currency abroad.6. Give the definition of foreign exchange?答：Foreign exchange , or forex , is foreign money. All foreign currency, consisting of founds held with banks abroad, or bills or cheques, again in foreign currency and payable abroad , are termed foreign exchange.9. Give the definition of spot and forward transaction?答：Spot transactions involve today’s p rices of currency and delivery of the currency within two business days, except for Canadian dollar (CAD), which must be delivered in one day.10. Tell the difference between forward and futures transactions?答：(1) Forward transactions involve today’s pr ices of currency and delivery on a stipulated future date.(2) Futures transactions are always traded on exchanges. In order to be marketable on exchanges, futures contracts are standardized in terms of quantity, settlement datesand quotation.Part Four14. How could a bank earn interest income?答：The principal source of income for the majority of banks is still the interest received on the funds that the institution has at its disposal and is able to lend out in some form.Whenever a bank lends out money it will generally charge interest to the customer.21. Why should a bank keep sufficient liquid assets?答：It is important for a bank to hold sufficient liquid assets to meet the demands of depositors who may seek to withdraw their funds. However,maintenance of too high a level of liquid assets could be expensive. Cash balances in particular yield no income,yet will cost the same as any other asset to fund.25. What are the three major activities included in a bank's Statement of Cash Flows?答：The statement of cash flows reports cash flows relating to operating,investing and financing activities of a bank.Part five4. What are negotiable instruments? list some examples.答：From a functional perspective, negotiable instruments are documents used in commerce to secure the payment of money. Paying large sums of money in cash is both inconvenient and, unfortunately, risky. In all cases, negotiable instruments represent a right to payment. A right is, by definition, a promise and not a tangible piece of property. So, negotiable instruments are classified as choses in action. The three main types of them are the following: Bills of Exchange, Cheques, Promissory Notes.7. What’s the difference between capital lease and operating lease?答：1: Whether the ownership of property is to be transferred by the end of lease term.2: Whether the lease has an operation to purchase the leased property at a bargain price.3: The lease term is long to or short in according to the estimated economic life of the leased property.4: Whether the lease is a cancelable lease.5: Whether the lease is full-payout lease.9. What’s the meaning of Account Receivable Financing?答：Accounts Receivable represents a promise from customers to pay for a goods sold or services rendered. Account Receivable Financing is a form of collateralized lending in which accounts receivables are the collateral.12. What are basic characteristics of money mark securities?答：Money-mark securities, which are discussed in details later in this chapter, have three basic characteristics in common:They are usually sold in large denominations.They have low default risk.They mature in one year or less from their original issue date. Most money marker instruments mature in less than 120 days.Why teasury bills are attractive to investors?答：Teasury bills are attractive to investors because they are backed by the government and therefore are virtually free of default risk .Even if the government ran out of money, it could simply print more to pay them off when they mature.The risk of unexpected changes in inflation is also low because of their short-termmaturity. 15. What are the features of inter-bank markets?答：Inter-bank markets are money markets in which short-term funds transferred (lent or borrowed) between financial institutions, usually for one day, that is , they are usually overnight investment . The interest rate for borrowing these funds is close to ,but always slightly higher than ,the rate that is available from the central bank. 17．How have NCDs become the second most popular money market instruments?答：Negotiable CDs are in large denominations .Although NCDs denominations are too large for individual investors , they are sometimes purchased by money market funds that have pooled individua l investor’s funds. Thus , the existence of money market funds allows individuals to be indirect investors in NCDs ,marking a more active NCD market.19.What products does the on-line banking provide?答：basic products and services, intermediate products and services ,advanced products and services.Part Six1,What categories can the loan be divided according to their risk?答：The five-category system classifies bank loans according to their inherent risks as pass(normal),special-mention,substandard,doubtful and loss.What are the commonly used methods of credit analysis?答：Tranditionally,key risk factors have been classified according to the five CS of credit:character,capital,capacity,conditions,and collateral. Golden and Walker identify the five CS of bad credit,representing things to guard against to help prevent problems.These include complacency,carelessness,communication breakdown,contingencies,and competition.A useful framework for sorting out the facts and opinions in credit analysis is the 5Ps approach:people,purpose,payment,protection,and perspective.How can a bank take security for an advance?答：A bank has different kinds of security as cover for advance to his customers.There are several ways in which a bank may take security for an advance by lien,pledge,mortgage and hypothecation.。

雪莱诗歌英文赏析雪莱，是英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。

以下是小编整理的雪莱诗歌英文赏析，欢迎阅读！OzymandiasI met a traveller from an antique landWho said: "Two vast and trunkless legs of stoneStand in the desert. Near them on the sand,Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frownAnd wrinkled lip and sneer of cold commandTell that its sculptor well those passions readWhich yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed.And on the pedestal these words appear:'My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings:Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!'Nothing beside remains. Round the decayOf that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,The lone and level sands stretch far away.中文译文奥兹曼迪亚斯（杨绛译）我遇见一位来自古国的.旅人他说：有两条巨大的石腿半掩于沙漠之间近旁的沙土中，有一张破碎的石脸抿着嘴，蹙着眉，面孔依旧威严想那雕刻者，必定深谙其人情感那神态还留在石头上而斯人已逝，化作尘烟看那石座上刻着字句：“我是万王之王,奥兹曼斯迪亚斯功业盖物,强者折服”此外，荡然无物废墟四周，唯余黄沙莽莽寂寞荒凉，伸展四方赏析Before reading Ozymandias, I glanced at the writer’s name, Percy Bysshe Shelley, one of the major Romantic poets, whom is not unfamiliar to me. When it comes to Shelley, a famous sentence flashed upon my mind, “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”Personally speaking, I really admire Shelley because of his romantic life experience. Also, William Wordsworth appraise Shelley as “One of the best artists of us all”, and Lord Byron, Shelley’s close friend once said of him “Without exception the best and least selfish man I ever knew”.From the French writer André Maurois’s B iography of Shelley, Shelley is regarded as a character who has strongly tragic fate, he is a rebel by nature, he will not fit into any environment, but his works still concerns the reality.From all of the lectures, Ozymandias is the poem whom I really admire. When I first read this poem, I seem to enter into a totally different world. It is a scene of utter desolation, only a bust of Ozymandias on a pedestal among the bleak desert. By means of imagination, I seemed like to stand in the desert, watching the colossal, it is a great masterpiece, still reveals the vigor and strength when Ozymandias ruled his country. The stone must have witnessed many dynasty changes in the course of history. Meanwhile, this historical impression extensively expresses some description which are highly capable of creating mental pictures.Then I heard the sound, “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Might, and despair!” the voice whistled through the fierce wind, and makes a person shiver. There is no doubt that the monologue brings out the arrogant and overconfident side of Ozymandias. Ozymandias, who was the king of kings before, was obsessed by power. Even now he became a stone and would be impossible to move, he still remembered his own brilliant merits.Besides the strong images and imagination, there are also some reason why I like Ozymandias. To some degree, the theme of this poem is ambiguous, which covers many dimensions, and that is why I really admire Ozymandias.Firstly, this poem can be regarded as the satire aimed at magnates. The king who had absolute power inevitably was in his last throes, and his country drew on rapidly towards destruction in the end, “Nothing beside remains”, “The lone and level sands stretch far away”. At the same time, I t hink that Shelley wrote this poem for the sake of mocking people who were in authority. As I know, “Ozymandias” was written in 1818, at which time Shelley may be forced to Italy with Mary and Clare Claremont, the cast off lover of Byron, showing a total disregard to other people and their feelings. On the one hand, Shelley hated so-called conservative rules. On the other hand, he considered that this prejudice was bound to fade away. However, Shelley was able to only represent it to readers by metaphors. In this poetry the king’s voice was a metaphor for the attack. Similarly, these kind of rules and bondage would wear down in the end.Secondly, this poem reflects that art and beauty can not be everlasting. The sculpture of Ozymandias, as a symbol of beauty,was hard to bear the exposure of rain and wind day after day, only leaving the broken and lifeless debris. By the way, how long could the Ozymandias existed in the desert, and who knew? Faced with the power of time, every perfect thing would become imperfect, time is so strong that can ruin everything.Thirdly, this poem demonstrates that only time is perpetual, everything including power, artistic beauty even human beings, as time goes by will all be gone. Time is so powerful that it destroys everyone’s brilliant victories. But eventually, no one will escape the fate. No one has the capacity to transcend time.As the proverb goes: There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people's eyes.There are just three of the ambiguous themes that I have came up with. As for other themes, I do think that Ozymandias likes a highlight, throw off many different aspects which give readers space of imagination to fill in the gap.Reading some reference materials, I realized that Ozymandias was a Greek name for the Egyptian king Ramesses II (1304-1237 BC.) Records the inscription on the pedestal of his statue (at the Ramesseum, on the other side of Nile river from Luxor ) as “King of kings am I, Ozymandias. If anyone would know how great I am and where I lie, let him surpass one of my works”.Horace Smith once also wrote a poem describing Ozymandias. Someone considered that they took the same subject, told the same story, even made the same moral point. But from my own perspective, Shelley’s sonnet is more refined tha n Smith’s. There were different voices appeared in Shelley’s poem. For instance, the king’s voice was high, representing he took charge of power; the sculptor said nothing but he maydiscern everything; the traveller told the narrator the whole story, and the narrator witnessed the story. To some degree, it's also a suggestive story of people facing an uncertain future, and of a country searching for a new sense of patriotic identity.。

叶芝诗集中英文对照版The Poetry of William Butler Yeats: A Bilingual EditionWilliam Butler Yeats was one of the most influential poets of the 20th century, renowned for his profound and lyrical works that explored themes of Irish nationalism, mythology, and the human experience. His poetry has captivated readers around the world, and his legacy continues to inspire new generations of writers and scholars. In this bilingual edition, we delve into the depth and beauty of Yeats' poetic masterpieces, offering a unique opportunity to experience his words in both the original English and their translated counterparts.Yeats' poetic journey began in the late 19th century, a time of great political and cultural upheaval in Ireland. As the country fought for independence from the British Empire, Yeats found himself at the forefront of the Irish literary renaissance, using his craft to give voice to the aspirations and struggles of his people. His early works, such as "The Wanderings of Oisin" and "The Countess Cathleen," drew heavily on Irish folklore and mythology, weaving intricate tales of heroes, deities, and the mystical forces that shaped the nation's identity.As Yeats' career progressed, his poetry evolved, reflecting the changing tides of Irish politics and the personal transformations he experienced. His later works, such as "The Second Coming" and "Sailing to Byzantium," grappled with the complexities of the modern world, exploring themes of spirituality, aging, and the search for meaning in a rapidly changing landscape. Throughout his oeuvre, Yeats' mastery of language and his ability to capture the essence of the human condition have made him one of the most revered poets of all time.In this bilingual edition, we present a curated selection of Yeats' most beloved poems, each accompanied by its translated counterpart. This juxtaposition allows readers to appreciate the nuances and subtleties of Yeats' work, while also gaining insight into the challenges and triumphs of literary translation. By engaging with both the original English and the translated versions, readers can delve deeper into the rich tapestry of Yeats' poetic vision, uncovering new layers of meaning and emotion with each line.One of the standout poems in this collection is "The Lake Isle of Innisfree," a piece that has become a beloved classic in the canon of English literature. In this work, Yeats masterfully evokes the tranquility and natural beauty of the Irish countryside, inviting the reader to escape the chaos of the modern world and find solace in the simple pleasures of a life lived in harmony with nature. Thetranslated version, with its careful preservation of the poem's rhythm and imagery, allows readers from diverse linguistic backgrounds to connect with the universal themes that Yeats so eloquently expresses.Another poignant example is "When You Are Old," a poem that reflects on the fleeting nature of love and the inevitable passage of time. Yeats' use of vivid imagery and poetic devices, such as the repeated refrain "how many loved your moments of glad grace," create a powerful emotional resonance that transcends language barriers. The translated version, with its careful attention to preserving the poem's lyrical quality, enables readers to fully immerse themselves in the bittersweet sentiments that Yeats so eloquently conveys.Throughout this bilingual edition, readers will find themselves transported to the heart of Yeats' poetic world, where the boundaries between the physical and the spiritual, the past and the present, are blurred. The juxtaposition of the original English and the translated versions allows for a deeper understanding of the nuances and complexities that underpin Yeats' work, inviting readers to engage in a cross-cultural dialogue that enriches their appreciation of this literary giant.In conclusion, this bilingual edition of William Butler Yeats' poetry is a testament to the enduring power of his words and the universalappeal of his artistic vision. By presenting his works in both the original English and their translated counterparts, this collection offers readers a unique opportunity to immerse themselves in the depth and beauty of Yeats' poetic genius, fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of one of the most influential voices in the world of literature.。