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高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 题型专题方略 专题一 阅读理解 第三讲 词义猜测题针对训练

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(整理版高中英语)高考英语二轮专题复习猜测词义的技巧

(整理版高中英语)高考英语二轮专题复习猜测词义的技巧

高考英语二轮专题复习猜想词义的技巧一般人在阅读时，都会不可防止地遇到一些不认识的单词，如果每碰上一个生词就查字典，那么你有可能会烦得读不下去，或读得索然无味，或半天也看不完一篇短文。

更何况有些时候是不允许查字典的。

现在常见的各种语言测试中，阅读理解〔Reading Comprehension〕局部均占整个考试内容的很大比例〔约三分之一〕。

而生词是影响阅读理解的主要障碍之一。

许多考生往往因为生词问题而影响阅读速度和答题的准确性。

因此，如何克服生词这道难关，提高阅读能力，长期以来一直是广阔英语学习者所关心的问题。

事实上，有相当数量的生词是可以通过上下文猜出其意思的。

下面介绍一些常用的猜想词义的技巧。

一、释义有一些文章中，某些生词的词义在其后的一个短语或一个句子中得到解释。

具体说来有以下几种形式：1．通过使用定语从句。

例如：He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study of plants．A bird sanctuary is a place where birds can breed and take refuse from hunters．例1中“the study of plants〞已经把“botany〞解释得清清楚楚了。

例2从其定义中可以断定“sanctuary〞是一个“地方〞，鸟在那里不受危害，这些信息对理解来说已经足够了。

2．通过使用逗号、破折号和括号等。

例如：Origami——Japanese paper folding——is family fun．She entered the Pentathlon competition，a test of skill in five events．第一句“o rigami〞虽然很陌生，但从后面破折号中的“Japanese paper folding〞，可以猜出其义为“日本的折纸手工艺〞。

2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)第03讲 词义猜测题(讲义)(解析版)

2025年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)第03讲 词义猜测题(讲义)(解析版)
年份
卷别
题号
2024
新高考I卷
28
新高考II卷
32
全国甲卷
26
浙江卷1月
24
2023
新高考I卷
29
新高考II卷
30
全国甲卷
24
全国乙卷
34
浙江卷1月
24、29
2022
新高考I卷
30
新高考II卷
24、30
全国甲卷
28
全国乙卷
29
考点一
知识点
分析近三年新高考卷及全国卷考查词义猜词的题目可知，对短语的考查与对生词的考查都有所涉及，短语已经不再限制于由课标词组成的短语了，出现了非课标词。无论是直接的词义猜测题，还是阅读篇章中需要理解的生词，都可运用逻辑关系、上下文、生活常识、文化背景、构词法等来猜测其含义。因此，在阅读过程中，考生需要结合语境，联系上下文进行猜测。此外，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对提高阅读能力都有非常重要的意义。
What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．A basic part.B．A detailed map.C．A building material.D．A major obstacle.
【解析】划线词句前文“She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. (她编写了一台IBM 7030 Stretch计算机，为精确的地球模型提供了更快的计算。)”说明这个数学模型是GPS的基础，从而推知划线词句“(这个关于地球形状的详细数学模型是GPS轨道的a building block。)”其中划线短语应为“基石”的意思，与A项同义。考生容易脱离语境，只记得数词building之义，误选C项。

高考英语二轮复习课件-词义猜测题[阅读理解]-共20页22页PPT

高考英语二轮复习课件-词义猜测题[阅读理解]-共20页22页PPT
Байду номын сангаас
13、遵守纪律的风气的培养，只有领 导者本 身在这 方面以 身作则 才能收 到成效 。—— 马卡连 柯 14、劳动者的组织性、纪律性、坚毅 精神以 及同全 世界劳 动者的 团结一 致，是 取得最 后胜利 的保证 。—— 列宁 摘自名言网
15、机会是不守纪律的。——雨果
谢谢你的阅读
❖ 知识就是财富 ❖ 丰富你的人生
71、既然我已经踏上这条道路，那么，任何东西都不应妨碍我沿着这条路走下去。——康德 72、家庭成为快乐的种子在外也不致成为障碍物但在旅行之际却是夜间的伴侣。——西塞罗 73、坚持意志伟大的事业需要始终不渝的精神。——伏尔泰 74、路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原 75、内外相应，言行相称。——韩非
高考英语二轮复习课件-词义 猜测题[阅读理解]-共20页
11、战争满足了，或曾经满足过人的 好斗的 本能， 但它同 时还满 足了人 对掠夺 ，破坏 以及残 酷的纪 律和专 制力的 欲望。 ——查·埃利奥 特 12、不应把纪律仅仅看成教育的手段 。纪律 是教育 过程的 结果， 首先是 学生集 体表现 在一切 生活领 域—— 生产、 日常生 活、学 校、文 化等领 域中努 力的结 果。— —马卡 连柯(名 言网)

高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解专题指导 猜测词义题 试题

高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解专题指导 猜测词义题 试题

和桥高级中学2021届高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解专题指导猜想词义题在阅读中我们经常会遇到许多生词。

这时许多同学立即翻阅词典，查找词义。

这样做不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。

事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或者句子甚至段落都有联络。

我们可以利用语境〔各种信息〕推测、判断某些生词的词义。

近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义才能的考察，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对打破高考阅读理解、进步我们的英语语言才能都有非常重要的意义。

常见的题干有：1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？2) The word... could best be replaced by.3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).4) According to the passage,... probably means.5) The author uses the word... to mean.猜想词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索：一是针对性的解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或者高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。

这些解释提供的信息明确详细，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜想词义就非常简单。

1.根据定义〔definition〕猜想词义假如生词有一个句子〔定语从句或者是同位语<同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.g. 等>或者是同位语从句〕或者段落来定义,或者使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或者段落本身就是推断词义。

定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。

专题04 阅读理解之猜测词义题(课件)-2024年高考英语二轮复习(新教材新高考)

专题04 阅读理解之猜测词义题(课件)-2024年高考英语二轮复习(新教材新高考)
新，上千款模板选择总有一
和“will no doubt be irone款d适合o你ut(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所 在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“ 错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。
真题研析·规律探寻
考向2 考查猜测短语的意思 1.（2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C） In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in 稿稿a定定vPoPPTPl，uT海m量e素,材d持e续e更p in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These新，sc上e千n款e模s板m选择a总y有h一ave been painted
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
【答案】A
稿定PPT
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词稿所定在PP句T，的海量下素文材“持续Th更is process requires you to step

高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题二 阅读理解 第三讲 词义猜测题课件

高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题二 阅读理解 第三讲 词义猜测题课件

(2015·高考北京卷，阅读理解 C，节选)The objects around you are visible because they interact with light.Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter( 散 射 ) light ， bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light，stopping it dead in its tracks.Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it，so you can see it easily.
名师指津 对于此类题目我们可以借助下面这些方法来答题：(1)“拆 猜”并用来解决问题：阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词 派生或合成的新词。此时可以用“拆猜”的方式，先把该词 的各种词缀或前后两个合成部分拆开，再结合我们掌握的构 词法知识,根据中心词的含义和词缀的含义猜测其意思。(2) 根据定义或解释猜词：如果生词后有一个句子(定语从句或同 位语从句)或段落来对其下定义，或使用破折号、冒号、分号 后的内容和引号、括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解 这个句子或段落就可以推断词义。
2．Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1?_______A__ A．ended all their programs B．provided fewer channels C．changed to commercials D．showed all－night movies 解析：词义猜测题。结合画线部分所在的句子“The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night.”尤其是画线 短语前面的I would keep it on说明作者非常喜欢看电视,一直 看到电视台停止播放节目为止,故A项“结束所有的节目”与 短语sign off “结束广播/电视节目”意义相近,为正确答案.

2023届高三英语二轮复习之猜测词义的技巧课件

2023届高三英语二轮复习之猜测词义的技巧课件
(adj. 大的)
因果关系 信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so,
therefore, so…that, such…that, thus
Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. 弹性的
---猜测词义
Dealing with new words or phrases in reading comprehension
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话 题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从 中获取相关信息。考生应能：
１、理解主旨要义； ２、理解文中具体信息； ３、根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； ４、作出判断和理解； ５、理解文章的基本结构； ６、理解作者的意图，观点和态度。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
was sure that he was innocent of the theft.
无辜的
3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义 词、近义词（词组）或相似的 结构猜测词义。
Cleaning up waterways is an enormous
task .The job is so large, in fact, that the

阅读理解词义猜测课件-2024届高考英语二轮复习

阅读理解词义猜测课件-2024届高考英语二轮复习
肥猫 2. when pigs fly
当猪在飞
Let’s try again!
1. Lucy married a man who owns a big company and has millions of dollars. He is really a fat cat.
2. Peter is very lazy and he never does his homework. He can go to a university when pigs fly.
D. stupid
因果关系 从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。因果关系的语境，通常 由because, so, therefore, so that, so / such… that… 等连词体现。
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all
be saved.
解毒剂
Today the sport is popular in Latin America, Asia and,
ununfo:不rt；un没a有tely, in some parts of the United States-- even though it
is unlawful in almost every state.
Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented. disagree
Most women in China—educated and illiterate, urban
and rural, the young and old—work to earn an income in

高中英语二轮专题复习阅读理解中的词义猜测公开课

高中英语二轮专题复习阅读理解中的词义猜测公开课

If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 26.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph? A. a dessert. B. a drink. C. a container. D. a machine
What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3? A. The attackers get attacked. B. The insects gather under the table. C. The plants get ready to fight back. D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
text?
4) Which of the following has the closest meaning to… (paragraph…)?
5) By saying that “…” in the first(second…) paragraph, the author means that ______.
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词义猜测题 A (2015·河北邢台市高三摸底考试) Dear Mom and Dad， Camp is great！I have met a lot of new friends.Jim is from California，Eric is from Iowa，and Tony is from Missouri.We have a great time together，swimming，boating，hiking，and playing tricks on other campers！Every night，we go to another tent secretly and try to scare other campers by making scary noises.It’s so funny to see them run out screaming！Now don’t worry，Mom.I’m not going to get caught like I did last year. One thing that is different from last year is how many bugs there are！I have at least 100 mosquito bites and about 20 fire ant bites.Every time I go outside，horseflies chase me，too！Other than all these annoying bugs，I’m having the best time! Love， Tyler

Dear Tyler， Are you sure you are okay？All of those bugs sound awful！Have you used all of the “Itch­Be­Gone” cream I got you？How about the“Ants’k Awful” lotion(护肤液)for the fire ant bites？You and your aunt Ethel have always seemed to attract those nasty fire ants. Now Tyler，I am very happy that you have met some new friends and that you are having fun together.However，you must stop trying to scare other campers.Remember，honey，some campers may be scared easily.I want you to apologize for any anxiety you may have caused them and start being the nice，polite boy that I know you are.Do you hear me，Tyler？Please be careful.I want you to come home safely. Love， Mom

【解题导语】 这是两封书信。第一封是Tyler写给父母的信，讲述了他有趣的宿营经历；第二封是母亲的回信，字里行间流露出对儿子的关爱。 1．Why did Tyler write the letter to his parents? A．To describe his interesting camp experiences. B．To express his regret about scaring others. C．To ask his parents for advice about camping. D．To tell his parents about his sufferings at camp. 解析：选A。细节理解题。第一封信的第一句“Camp is great”总领下文，Tyler给父母写信是为了讲述他有趣的宿营经历，故A项正确。 2．The underlined word “chase” in the first letter probably means“________”． A．fly away B．get rid of C．put up with D．run after 解析：选D。词义猜测题。根据第一封信第二段的第二句“I have at least 100 mosquito bites and about 20 fire ant bites”可知，Tyler被蚊子和火蚁咬了，再结合画线词所在句的“horseflies chase me，too”中的too可知，此处chase表示“追赶”，即D项正确。 3．Tyler’s mother advises him to________． A．buy more lotion for the bites B．return with a few friends C．avoid scaring other campers D．turn to the police when in trouble 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二封信第二段的第二句“However，you must stop trying to scare other campers”可知，选C项。 B (2016·云南省师大附中第四次适应性考试)For twenty years，I saved all my college course notes and textbooks: that’s a lot of paper. Worse，it’s not easy to carry them around—and trust me，they aren’t light—on at least seven moves.Yet I never once looked at them.They sat in our basement，covered in a thick layer of dust.If books and papers could wonder，they’d wonder why they were still under our stairs after all those years.When would the Big Day come? Well，the Big Day eventually did arrive; only it was different than expected.My wife，always more accepting changes than I am，finally talked me into clearing out the entire mess. The pain I experienced was also unexpected.What hurt me was to come across those terrible papers I’d written，which reminded me of my poor study habits，and an embarrassing lack of comprehension.It was great to get rid of them.But it was also a clearing of personal history. At first，I struggled with this.The truth was in the record that my books，my notes，and my papers were primary source materials，documenting an important time in my life.To clear them out was to clear out the truth. What I’ve learned since taking this leap is that the process is more important than the truth.I feel as if much of my real education during my college years isn’t in the documents but now in me. So I am glad to free myself of this physical burden.And what’s better is that I don’t need to look back to those painful moments.They belong to the past. You might want to consider doing something similar，either under the stairs of your basement or in your mind. What is the personal rubbish piling in your life? Clear it out and make your life awesome. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。下决心清除了堆积多年的大学课本和笔记后，作者从开始纠结“清除了过去的记录，就清除了过去的历史”到最终明白“过程才最重要”的道理。 4．Why was the author finally determined to desert all the college materials? A．Because his wife persuaded him to.