上海市崇明2018届高三英语二模(含答案)

2018届上海市普陀区⾼三英语⼆模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）上海市普陀区2018届⾼三⼆模英语试题考⽣注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（⾮选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold B. Sunny C. Rainy D. Cloudy2. A. 110 minutes B. 120 minutes C. 130 minutes D. 140 minutes3. A. Shop assistant and customer B. Boss and assistantC. Professor and studentD. Husband and wife4. A. In a meeting room B. In a reference roomC. At a booking officeD. At a police station5. A. A movie B. A lecture C. A play D. A speech6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset B. He’s an hour later for the interview.C. The woman should be patientD. He’s too nervous to calm down7. A. The man is intelligent enough B. The man does not work hard enoughC. The man should get some sleepD. The man is hard-working.8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He wants to spend more time with his familyC. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC. The woman insists that her son should major in science.D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10. A. It ran into another car B. It fell into a river and sankC. It broke down on the roadD. It left the road and landed in a fieldSection B 15%Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11. A. Noise B. Smoking C. Litter D. Drinking12. A. A tour guide B. A conductor C. A teacher D. A lawyer13. A. To prepare people for international travelB. To make the laws of different kindsC. To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD. To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording14. A Conference with the course tutor B. Active attendance and commitmentC. Punctuality and politenessD. Debate and essay preparation15. A. Inform the teacher in advance B. Just do not choose the courseC. Drop out of the courseD. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand B. One that is originalC. One that is revise by the tutorD. One that keeps to the instructionsQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache B. He doesn’t feel like eatingC. He can’t sleep very wellD. His blood pressure is high18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19. A. Every day for seven weeks B. Three times a week for seven weeksC. Three times a weeks for three weeksD. Twenty times for two weeks20. A. Use hot water pads B. Sit by the stoveC. Drink cold waterD. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered(22)______ (serve)in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming(24)______ (involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across(25)____ he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that(26)_____(become)rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)______ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest inarchitecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29)______ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, noclues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the___31___ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition (认知),___ 32___ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development, suggesting that development___33____ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___ incidence(发⽣率)of dangerous air pollution, but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____ in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil, to Nigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100.000___37___ in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for othercountries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally ___38___ longitudinal (纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey was __39___multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization: Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways .One simple __41__is that it is the rapid increase in inte rnational free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic __42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, where per capita income(⼈均收⼊)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000.___44____per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996. It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____ .However, these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture. They are “average”, and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seena___47___improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade: exports___48___imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it: a(n) ___49__ trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___ maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of good and, ____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally, globalization often___53___ a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful. These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market. On the other hand, those countrieswhich___54___ to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one. Consequently, these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the ___55___ of industry. Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods. These imported good are frequently overpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41. A. indication B. principle C. definition D. factor42. A. systems B. solution C. crisis D. growth43. A. in favor of B. on account of C. with regard to D. in honour of44. A. Fortunately B. Similarly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. wealthier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake B. qualify C. fight D. require49. A. two-way B. all-inclusive C. official D. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorities51. A. otherwise B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages B. restricts C. forbids D. forces54. A. stop B. continue C. fail D. refuse55. A. globalization B. transformation C. specialization D. identificationSection B22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word “renaissance” means “rebirth”. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished, producing a ton of work in a short period of time. The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts. After the Civil War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them. Between 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration. The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York, African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan, setting in a neighborhood called Harem. Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society. It was a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer, W. E.B Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of Back Folk, in 1903, Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called “double consciousness”. They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans. And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers. The Renaissance was so influential that “Harlem” grew into something of a brand name African Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society. Black businesses began to flourish, creating a growing middle class, like Madame C.J. Walker, who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population. Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people---black and white---began the push for racial integration, planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slaveryB. To find jobs in agricultureC. To avoid racial discriminationD. To gain citizenship57. How did W.E.B. Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to AfricaB. He composed folk music based on African American themeC. He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD. He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58. What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB. The vast majority were considered lower classC. Most were regarded as middle classD. A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59. What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A. Spread of black businessesB. Access to higher educationC. Shift from agriculture to industryD. Push for unity among all Africans60. A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ________.A. the Essential TourB. the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD. any of the tours61. Joining the Backstage Tour, a traveler _____.A. is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB. will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfastD. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62. If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A. $203.25B. $214.5C. $225D. $239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s his tory. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peni nsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (⽕⼭⼝)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in th e rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.A. availableB. incredibleC. reasonableD. ridiculous64. Why didn’t the meteor affect human bei ngs?A. Because they were very resistantB. Because there weren’t any thenC. Because they lived in isolated areasD. Because they hid themselves in the caves65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC. V olcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD. When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66. What is the best title for the passageA. The Dinosaurs’ EndB. Crater on QomolangmaC. Contradictory ClaimsD. A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook. I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ____67______ Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. _____69_____ Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.”The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.⽐起节⾷，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。

2018上海普陀高三英语二模答案1、( ) ----Would you like___ tea? ----No, thanks. I have drunk two____. [单选题] *A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orange(正确答案)C. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges2、It is important for us _______ English well. [单选题] *A. learnB. learningC. to learn(正确答案)D. learned3、Was（）that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself4、98．There is a post office ______ the fruit shop and the hospital. [单选题] *A．atB．withC．between(正确答案)D．among5、Patrick bought her two handbags as gifts,but _____ of them was her style. [单选题] *A. eitherB. noneC. neither(正确答案)D. all6、Jack would rather spend time complaining than_____the problem by himself. [单选题] *A.solve(正确答案)B.solvedC.solvesD.to solve7、On Mother’s Day, Cathy made a beautiful card as a ______ for her mother. [单选题] *A. taskB. secretC. gift(正确答案)D. work8、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. confidentB. confidenceC. contact(正确答案)D. concert9、I like dancing, ______ I can join the Dancing Club.（）[单选题] *A. becauseB. so(正确答案)C. andD. but10、I?have to?_______ my younger brother on Sunday. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look upC. take careD. look out11、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking12、I don’t like playing chess. It is _______. [单选题] *A. interestingB. interestedC. boring(正确答案)D. bored13、28．—Where is Fujian Province?—It’s ________ the southeast of China. [单选题] * A．in (正确答案)B．onC．toD．at14、The man lost his camera and he ______ it now.（）[单选题] *A. foundB. is findingC. is looking forD. looks for(正确答案)15、36．The students will go to the Summer Palace if it __________ tomorrow. [单选题] * A．won’t rainB．isn’t rainingC．doesn’t rain (正确答案)D．isn’t rain16、He always found it hard to satisfy himself. [单选题] *A. 控制B. 满足(正确答案)C. 了解D. 批评17、18．Monica wants to be a _______. She is good at sports and she loves teaching others. [单选题] *A．coach(正确答案)B．secretaryC．architectD．waiter18、_____, Martin can reach the branch of that tall tree at the gate. [单选题] *A. As a short manB. Being shortC. As he is shortD. Short as he is(正确答案)19、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so20、If you do the same thing for a long time, you'll be tired of it. [单选题] *A. 试图B. 努力C. 厌倦(正确答案)D. 熟练21、I usually do some ____ on Sundays. [单选题] *A. cleaningsB. cleaning(正确答案)C. cleansD. clean22、The sun disappeared behind the clouds. [单选题] *A. 出现B. 悬挂C. 盛开D. 消失(正确答案)23、The house is well decorated _____ the disarrangement of a few photos. [单选题] *A. exceptB. besidesC. except for(正确答案)D. in addition to24、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what25、He’s so careless that he always _______ his school things at home. [单选题] *A. forgetsB. leaves(正确答案)C. putsD. buys26、Will you see to（）that the flowers are well protected during the rainy season? [单选题] *A. it(正确答案)B. meC. oneD. yourself27、Every morning John takes a（）to his office. [单选题] *A. 20-minutes' walkB. 20 minute ' walkC. 20-minutes walkD. 20-minute walk(正确答案)28、I hope Tom will arrive _______ to attend the meeting. [单选题] *A. in timesB. on time(正确答案)C. at timesD. from time to time29、( ) The salesgirls in Xiushui Market have set a good example______us in learning English. [单选题] *A. to(正确答案)B. forC. withD. on30、75．As a student in Senior Three, I must work hard．（）, I should take exercise to strengthen my body．[单选题] *A.OtherwiseB.Meanwhile(正确答案)C.ThereforeD.Thus。

上海崇明区2024届高三第二次学业质量调研英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。

请将答案填涂在答题纸上。

）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a library. B.In a laundry. C.In a lift. D.In a bakery.2.A.Boss and employee. B.Hotel receptionist and guest.C.Doctor and patient.D.Travel agent and customer.3.A.Check the cafeteria later. B.Go to another place to eat.C.Go to the cafeteria of the bank.D.Cook something for themselves.4.A.He didn’t go to the club. B.He forgot meeting the woman.C.He slipped and got injured.D.He couldn’t keep his mind off the club.5.A.Extend her project time. B.Finish the project as soon as possible.C.Reconsider her decision.D.Interview people except those in town.6.A.Look for another style. B.Give the sweater away as a gift.C.Try on a smaller sweater.D.Change the sweater for a bigger one.7.A.He cancelled his interview. B.He’s disappointed with his interview.C.He shouldn’t have applied for the job.D.He doesn’t want to discuss the interview now.8.A.Ways to make money. B.Bob’s plan to open a coffee shop.C.The cow Bob is raising.D.The operation of Bob’s coffee shop.9.A.What the man is reading is too difficult. B.The man misjudges Mary’s expression.C.Mary’s habit caused her trouble in work.D.Mary dislikes reading books after work.10.A.She plans to read more than the required books.B.The books are all required for the history course.C.Some of the books are for courses other than history.D.She’s worried she may not finish the required reading.高中1Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.To distract the employer’s attention. B.To explain the features of the job applied for.C.To help you become the best candidate.D.To enable you to be noticed among applicants.12.A.It should be at least one page long. B.It should be handed in during the interview.C.It should be customized to suit the job.D.It should emphasize the value of the company.13.A.Your interest and hobbies. B.The details of your relevant skills.C.All your working experiences.D.A polite request for a proper salary.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.To provide a place for students to relax while studying.B.To provide a place for students to enjoy the city landscape.C.To provide a place for students to inspire more confidence.D.To provide a place for students to rest and enhance creativity.15.A.To make it both traditional and modern. B.To enlarge it to accommodate more students.C.To upgrade it with more trendy facilities.D.To make it attract both students and teachers.16.A.It contributes to peace in society. B.It helps people handle stress.C.It’s common in workplaces as well.D.It is good for the environment.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.The consequences of losing a job. B.The significance of having an interest.C.The right attitude to unemployment.D.The possible reasons for getting fired.18.A.A result of being less competent. B.A valuable time to develop an interest.C.A shock that might depress a person.D.An opportunity to reconsider one’s career.19.A.To reflect on her life and show the benefits of starting a company.B.To comfort the man and help him respond actively to the situation.C.To teach the man tips on how to make opportunities come one’s way.D.To illustrate that gardening is a promising field for the man to get into.20.A.Hopeful. B.Excited. C.Depressed. D.Concerned.高中2II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Grand Chinese New Year Celebration Held in LondonMore than700,000people in London joined in a celebration on February11organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association to welcome the Year of the Dragon.The celebration was claimed by the organizers(21)_____(be)the largest Chinese New Year event outside Asia.It started at10am with a diverse parade featuring dragon dances and displays of traditional Chinese costumes.The parade started from the east of Trafalgar Square and concluded on Shaftesbury Avenue in Chinatown.During the parade,significant attention(22)_____(capture)by the traditional Chinese Puning Yingge folk dance,a national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产)in China.The group of 16dancers,originating from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province,(23)_____ the art form originated,offered a sensory cultural feast(盛宴)to the people of the United Kingdom.At noon,the event reached its climax on the center stage in Trafalgar Square,with notable figures from China and Britain participating in the eye-dotting ceremony of two lions,symbolically(24)_____ (awaken)them.(25)_____the lions were awakened,they performed a lively flying dance.Performers (26)_____(hide)under the costumes jumped up and down on3-meter-high poles,drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.Zheng Zeguang,China’s ambassador(大使)to the UK,(27)_____(address)the attendees at Trafalgar Square.He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for making(28)_____possible for the event to happen,and extended warm wishes of good fortune and advance for the Year of the Dragon.Sadiq Khan,mayor of London,spoke highly of the contributions of Londoners of Chinese origin.“One of the reasons why London is the greatest city in the world is(29)_____Londoners of Chinese origin have been making contributions to the city,”he said.The mayor also warned(30)_____trying to“discourage”friendships between China and the UK.In addition to the lively parade and stage performances,there were cultural workshops,interactive games,and food stands set up around Trafalgar Square.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.高中3A.activateB.amountedparedD.energeticE.guidelinesF.identifyG.imageH.influencedI.respectsJ.reviewK.substantialExercise Can Help Prevent Depression,Study FindsHow often do you exercise?A new31from researchers at the University of Cambridge shows that those who exercise are less likely to develop depression,even if they exercise less than the recommended amount.The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults engage in2.5to5hours of moderate activity per week or one hour and15minutes to2.5hours of32aerobic(有氧的) exercise per week or some combination of the two.Adults who took a walk for what33to2.5hours per week were less likely to develop depression than those who didn’t exercise at all,the study found.But even those who exercised less felt better than those who didn’t exercise at all,according to researchers.“In this study,a relatively small amount of physical activity were associated with a(n)34decrease in risks of depression,”the study says.The researchers analyzed15studies with nearly200,000participants.Those who did about half the recommended amount of physical activity per week had an18%lower risk of depression 35with adults who did not exercise,the study says.Participants who exercised the recommended amount had a25%lower risk of depression than those who did not.Exercising more than the recommended amount hardly36depression risk,according to researchers.Many37of exercise can lead to improved mental health.For example,working out can increase circulation(血液循环)to the brain and38the central nervous system,leading to what many refer to as a“runners high,”the study says.More exercise can also lead to improved physical health and a better body39,which can cause a person to be more social,researchers say.Nearly5%of adults in the U.S.report regular feelings of depression,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Among the study participants,researchers estimate that1in every9 cases of depression might have been prevented had everyone met recommended exercise40,the study says.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Maps,number lines,shapes,artwork and other materials tend to cover elementary classroom walls. However,too much of a good thing may end up41attention and learning in young children, according to research published in Psychological Science.Psychology researchers Anna V.Fisher,Karrie E.Godwin and Howard Seltman of Carnegie Mellon University looked at whether classroom displays affected children’s ability to maintain42 during instruction and to learn the lesson content.They found that children in highly decorated classrooms were more distracted,spent more time off-task and demonstrated smaller learning43高中4than when the decorations were removed.“Young children spend a lot of time—usually the whole day—in the same classroom,and we have shown that a classroom’s44environment can affect how much children learn,”said Fisher, lead author and associate professor of psychology in the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences.Should teachers45their visual displays based on the findings of this study?“We do not suggest by any means that this is the answer to all46problems.Furthermore, 47research is needed to know what effect the classroom visual environment has on children’s attention and learning in real classrooms,”Fisher said.“48,I would suggest that instead of removing all decorations,teachers should consider whether some of their visual displays do make it difficult for young children to49.”For the study,24kindergarten students were placed in50classrooms for six introductory science lessons on topics they were unfamiliar with.Three lessons were taught in a heavily decorated classroom,and three lessons were given in a sparse(稀疏的)classroom.The results showed that while children learned in both51types,they learned more when the room was not heavily decorated. Specifically,children’s52on the test questions was higher in the sparse classroom(55%correct) than in the decorated classroom(42%correct).“We were also interested in finding out if the visual displays were removed,whether the children’s attention would53to another distraction,such as talking to their peers,or the total amount of time they were distracted would remain the same,”said Godwin,a Ph.D.candidate in psychology and fellow of the Program in Interdisciplinary Education Research.However,when the researchers totaled all of the time children spent off-task in both types of classrooms,the rate of off-task54was higher in the decorated classroom(38.6%time spent off-task)than in the sparse classroom(28.4%time spent off-task).The researchers hope these findings will lead to further studies into developing guidelines to help teachers design classrooms55.41.A.attracting B.distracting C.holding D.paying42.A.confidence B.relationship C.consistency D.focus43.A.gains B.opportunities C.needs D.disabilities44.A.social B.natural C.physical D.visual45.A.turn over B.take down C.try out D.look into46.A.athletic B.environmental cational municative47.A.additional B.prior C.national D.independent48.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Meanwhile49.A.stretch B.adapt C.concentrate D.explore50.A.decorated B.empty C.transitional boratory51.A.teaching B.classroom C.school D.personality52.A.accuracy B.emphasis C.impact D.perspective高中553.A.refer B.listen C.respond D.shift54.A.questions B.behaviors C.incidents D.tasks55.A.originally B.innovatively C.appropriately D.exclusivelySection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)On a rainy afternoon in Aspinwall,Pennsylvania,a group of amateur musicians gathered to lay down a few tracks.This wasn’t the first time the band had performed together,but it was their first time in a recording studio.The band,which calls itself Infinity,first performed its work at the2022Pittsburgh Schizophrenia Conference in November.All four band members are diagnosed with schizophrenia,a mental disorder that can cause people to interpret reality in abnormal ways,which can cause many kinds of disordered thinking.Infinity formed five years ago when Flavio Chamis,a Brazilian composer and conductor,began working with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center(UPMC)on how to use music to treat mental illness.“Having a mental health diagnosis is not a reason to not have a creative life,”Chamis said. Schizophrenia can be disabling,but therapy,medication and even playing music can help,according to a growing body of research.Chamis and K.N.Roy Chengappa,a professor of psychiatry(精神病学)at UPMC Western Psychiatric Hospital and the director of Pittsburgh’s schizophrenia conference,are continuing their efforts with the four musicians and to further investigate musical interventions in mental health outcomes.As imaging techniques advance,scientists are working to answer precisely why music affects the brain in the ways that it does.Playing music seems to have an impact on timing systems in the brain, which are affected by major depression,schizophrenia and other illnesses.There is research indicating that training patients to play in rhythm can in fact help retrain the brain in other,less obvious ways. Interventions tend to have positive effects,but the research is still in early stages.The band doesn’t have much formal music training,but they played and sang with touching sincerity.“It’s not supposed to be professional or perfect,”Chengappa said.“One of them has been my patient for20years....They’ve really blossomed.”Chamis led the Infinity recording from the piano,with each musician in a separate sound-proof room listening to one another on headphones.The conductor and composer encouraged the musicians and gave advice after each take.“It’s been great working on this with Flavio,”said guitarist David Baird.“I loved feeling like a professional....I want more.”高中6高中756.What is special about the band Infinity?A.All the members were professional.B.It performed for people with schizophrenia.C.All the members have mental disorders.D.It formed and gave its first performance in 2022.57.Flavio Chamis helped form the band Infinity in order to ____.A.investigate the causes of schizophreniaB.study the effect of music on mental illnessC.stimulate the members’creativity in musicD.obtain the opportunity to cooperate with UPMC 58.Music affects the brain by _____.A.intervening its timing systemsB.employing imaging approachesC.changing its reaction timeD.making its rhythm less obvious 59.According to Chengappa,the band members are becoming more _____.A.sincere B.professional C.depressedD.confident(B)The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleepSleep is crucial to health.But disruptive (扰乱的)noises can prevent you from falling asleep.White noisemachines could help,according to one study.LectroFanClassic ●MASKS NOISE:LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptiveenvironmental noises.It can help improve sleep,focus,privacy,andrelaxation.●20NON-REPEATING SOUNDS:A total of 20unique non-repeating,digitally created sounds.10fan sounds &10white noise variations,including pink &brown noise.●SAFE:Safe,solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电)or USB and dynamically creates unique,non-repeating sounds.●VOLUME CONTROL:Precise volume control allows you to set theperfect level for your unique environment.Yogasleep Rohm+●EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE:The Rohm effectively cancels outnoises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep andconcentration.●GENTLE SOUNDS:20different sounds including music,nature,white,pink,and brown noise,as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow youto play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on theroad when you need.●CRUSH (压坏)RESISTANT:Stylish,crush-resistant travel case fitsperfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines.高中8●BATTERY OPERATED:Rechargeable through USB.Hatch Rest+●BEST FOR BABIES:Sound machine —keep your little one dreamingwith sounds like white noise,wind,and rain.Night light —make midnightfeedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light.Time-to-Rise —set up this light and sound combination to let your earlyriser know when it’s time to rise.Built-in two-way sound monitor.●POWERED BY:AC and rechargeable.Loftie Clock ●FA VORITE CLOCK:Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep.●GENTLY UNWIND:Enjoy over 100free tracks,from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds.●AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES:Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AIhas an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform.Itthen uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story.Unlocking theMagic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+account in the app($5per month).●POWERED BY:AC power60._____is the most suitable for Joana,whose baby sleeps in her room.A.LectroFan ClassicB.Yogasleep Rohm+C.Hatch Rest+D.Loftie Clock 61.If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim,who often travels on business,youneed to pay _____.A.$34.95.B.$40.03.C.$159.99.D.$149.00.62.What can be learned about the four white noise machines?A.The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds.B.One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free.C.Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries.D.Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up.(C)For a long time,psychologists agreed with the findings of Roy Baumeister,whose research showed that willpower was a limited resource that could easily be exhausted through use.His book,Willpower:Rediscovering the Greatest Human Strength ,has long been seen as the typical handbook on this subject.Plus,hundreds of experiments showed that when people had to complete two back-to-backtasks which both required willpower,they would demonstrate less willpower on the second task.From this research,willpower came to be understood as a“brain muscle”that would grow more tired the longer you used it.With adequate rest and recovery,the muscle’s energy would be restored, and willpower levels would return to normal.This made sense and even opened the door for an optimistic long-term approach to willpower:You could improve your willpower by using it regularly, just as you can strengthen a muscle through exercise.However,just because an idea sounds good doesn’t mean it’s ter research failed to find Baumeister’s willpower exhaustion effect.And other research even showed that willpower exhaustion can be reversed if you have a positive belief about what hard work does for you.If you believe using willpower is draining,you’ll experience it as draining,but if you believe it energizes you,you’ll be energized.In other words,what you believe about willpower might be a self-fulfilling prophecy.The trouble is that studying a psychological quality like willpower in the lab is very difficult. Willpower experiments greatly oversimplify the human experience and don’t reflect how willpower is used in the real world.Sample sizes are usually small because of limited funding,and it’s difficult to find diverse subjects.It almost certainly matters how meaningful the willpower-requiring task is to the person doing it,and laboratory experiments generally don’t ask participants to perform meaningful tasks.Furthermore,there are a great many factors that can affect how much willpower an individual has. Willpower levels change from moment to moment and day to day.Someone who has excellent willpower in one situation might have terrible willpower in another.You might have high self-control one day and low self-control another.So we just don’t know how willpower really works,and we might never know.People may or may not have a limited amount of willpower.Believing you have unlimited willpower might help you work harder than you otherwise would,or it might lead to overconfidence.63.Roy Baumeister’s book,Willpower:Rediscovering the Greatest Human Strength,is mentioned atthe beginning of the passage in order to show that_____.A.willpower as a limited resource has been widely acceptedB.his book is very popular among people in various fieldsC.willpower is essential in completing back-to-back tasksD.a great many experiments has been done on willpower64.By“a self-fulfilling prophecy”in paragraph3,the author means that_____.A.with enough rest,willpower can recover itselfB.with the right attitude,we can own our willpowerC.we can fulfil our dream as long as we have willpowerD.there is a fixed amount of willpower if we think positively高中965.The author implies in the passage that we should_____.A.view willpower as unlimited to fully cultivate our potentialB.try doing different tasks when our willpower levels changeC.stop doing research on willpower since it is too changeableD.treat willpower critically as it’s hard to get a full picture of it66.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The Definition of WillpowerB.The Great Willpower DebateC.The Importance of WillpowerD.Strategies to Increase WillpowerSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The drug works by clearing away some of the amyloid protein.B.The large study followed middle-aged and older adults for20years.C.Knowledge of the timing of these events is critical for preventing Alzheimer’s.D.The new findings show the order of such biomarker changes common to age-relatedAlzheimer’s.E.The higher levels were recorded as much as18years before the patients were identified ashaving Alzheimer’s.F.The researchers compared648people who were later found with Alzheimer’s to an equalnumber who remained healthy.Large Study Details Years of Brain Changes in Alzheimer’s PatientsA long-term study in China has shown that a series of changes take place in the brains of people who get Alzheimer’s disease long before they present signs of the sickness.67The individuals were examined on a regular basis during that period.The researchers used brain imaging,spinal fluid(脊髓液)checks and other tools to collect data.The researchers reported that the study subjects who later developed Alzheimer’s showed high levels of disease-linked protein in their spinal fluid.68Then every few years,the study detected another so-called biomarker of coming trouble.Scientists still do not know exactly how Alzheimer’s forms.The disease slowly destroys the brain, affecting the ability to think.Alzheimer’s patients develop proteins called beta-amyloid and tau,which over time build up into plaques(斑块)that block brain processes.The new research,published in the New England Journal of Medicine,offers a timeline for how these proteins develop.Scientists already knew that in rare,genetic forms of Alzheimer’s that affect young people,a 高中10poisonous form of amyloid starts developing about20years ahead of symptoms.At some point after that,tau develops as well.69“The more we know about Alzheimer’s treatment targets and when to address them,the better and faster we will be able to develop new therapies and preventions,”said Claire Sexton,director of scientific programs with the Alzheimer's Association.She noted that blood tests are coming soon that promise to also help by making it easier to find amyloid and tau.More than6million Americans,and millions more worldwide,have Alzheimer’s.There is no cure. But last year,Leqembi became the first approved drug that could slow the worsening of early Alzheimer’s for a few months.70Other drugs are being developed to target tau.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.Microplastics:Out of Sight,Out of Mind?People joke that someone suffering from paranoia(妄想症)sees danger everywhere,thinking someone is out to get him.In the case of microplastics,you don’t need to have paranoia to be worried about them being everywhere,because they basically are!What exactly are microplastics?They are particles(颗粒)of any type of plastic that are less than 5millimeters in diameter(直径).They have resulted from the plastic pollution widespread in the world today.When plastic is exposed to environmental forces,it breaks down into these tiny particles,which, in turn,do not disappear but continue to exist for hundreds or even thousands of years.Every piece of plastic that has ever been made is still on Earth today,except for what has been burned.Often mistaken for food,plastics and microplastics in oceans and on beaches are often consumed by marine animals, which is harmful.Research has linked microplastics to cancer and other problems in animals.Whatever you think about these particles,taking them in is easier than you think.When you heat food in a plastic dish in the microwave,microplastics get into your food.The water from a plastic water bottle contains the particles as well.After taking surveys of microplastics in air,water and seafood, scientists estimate that people may easily be eating5grams of plastic a week.Researchers don’t know yet if or how this will affect humans.Microplastics have been found in human tissue samples,and no one yet knows how long they stay in the human body or what problems may arise.Not until the amount of plastic waste in the world is reduced will microplastics decrease.So,while the evidence is still missing of the effect microplastics have on people’s health,reusing and recycling plastic is a no-brainer.高中11V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.难以置信的是，她看似柔弱，却是一个渴望探险的女孩子。

2018.4 崇明区中考英语质量抽查试卷（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)(F)(G)(H)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）7. A) By bus.B) By taxi.C) By bike.D) On foot.8. A) Exciting.B) Boring.C) Amusing.D) Disappointing.9. A) 9:00.B) 9:10.C) 8:40.D) 8:50.10. A) At the airport.B) On a bus.C) On a plane.D) In a park.11. A) Mother and son.B) Husband and wife.C) Teacher and student.D) Customer and waiter.12. A) Learned paper-cutting.B) Learned to make dumplings.C) Learned to do morning exercises.D) Took part in club activities.13. A) She was bitten by a homeless dog.B) She fell off the bike and broke her leg.C) She hurt her eyes in a basketball match.D) She caught a bad cold.14. A) The way to finish homework quickly.B) The way to study hard.C) The plan for a short trip.D) The plan for May Day holiday.C. Listen to the passage and tell whe ther the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）15. Students in the US have as much homework as Chinese students.16. The writer loves after-school clubs because he wants to be a player.17. The writer’s friend trains a long time every day without any rest on the basketball team.18. Students in the US have to do volunteer work for 15 to 20 hours before graduation.19. The writer still enjoys the volunteer work though it’s sometimes boring.20. The writer lists three kinds of after-school activities in the US.D. Listen to the interview and complete the following sentences（听访谈，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词）（10分）21. Brennon Jones has offered free haircuts to the homeless since _________ _________.22. Although some homeless people refused at first, most of them finally decided ___________________ Brennon’s offer.23. Brennon often offered some _________ _________ to help the homeless improve their lives.24. More than __________ _________ homeless people have got Brennon’s free haircuts.25. Brennon wouldn’t have to cut hair on _________ _________ in winter after he used Edward’sold shop for free.Part 2Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）II. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A) wisdom B) blind C) t rip D) simple27. Peter spent exciting day in MoCA Shanghai (上海当代艺术馆) last week.A) the B) a C) an D) /28. It’s common knowledge that leaves change from green to brown autumn.A) at B) on C) by D) in29. Harry Potter was surprised at power when he first used it.A) his B) him C) he D) himself30. After watching the film Amazing China, I’m quite proud our country.A) by B) with C) at D) of31. These students collected much on the Internet before starting their research.A)pictures B) materials C) information D) stories32. -- can I get to Los Angeles by air?-- In less than fourteen hours.A) How often B) How long C) How soon D) How far33. With the help of driverless cars (无人驾驶汽车), accidents will happen in the future.A) a few B) few C) a little D) little34. Theresa May paid her first visit to China last summer. She had been here before.A) always B) often C) usually D) never35. The park will be much in May when all the flowers blossom (开花).A) more beautiful B) most beautiful C) beautiful D) the most beautiful36. I heard the voices, but ________ make out (辨别) what they were saying.A) couldn’t B) wouldn’t C) mustn’t D) shouldn’t37. Please dial 120 immediately, the old man may die soon.A) and B) or C) but D) so38. The theatre will have to close the government gives it some extra money.A) unless B) since C) if D) so that39. Professor Stephen Hawking (霍金) from a serious disease in his early twenties.A) suffered B) suffers C) will suffer D) is suffering40. They the big fire before I returned with some people to help.A) are putting out B) put out C) had put out D) would put out41. Nowadays, many parents make their children various courses at weekends.A) to attend B) attend C) attending D) attended42. The old couple used to enjoy out for a walk after supper.A) going B) to go C) went D) go43. Many young people do bus iness on WeChat in their free time,?A) aren’t they B) are they C) don’t they D) do they44. -- I’m afraid I can’t work out the maths problem. It’s too difficult.--A) That’s all right. B) I’m glad to hear that.C) You’d better not. D) Don’t give it up!45. -- What about going fishing this afternoon?-- The weather report says it’s going to rain.A) Sure. Why not? B) I’d rather not.C) That’s a good idea. D) Yes, I’d like to.III. Complete the following passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once （将下列单词或词组填入空格。

崇明县2018年初三英语二模练习（二）（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）2018.5考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解)(共30分)A.Listen and choose the right picture(根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分)7. A) Spring. B) Summer. B) A fruit salad. B) By car.C) Autumn. D) Winter.8. A) A hamburger. 9. A) By bike.C) A hot-dog. D) A sandwich. D) On foot.C) By bus.10. A) Husband and wife.B) Teacher and student. D) Father and daughter. B) She found it boring. D) She found it exciting. C) Hospitals. C) Doctor and patient. 11. A) She found it interesting.C) She found it enjoyable. 12. A) Laws. B) Jobs.D) Schools. 13. A) Go on a diet.B) Buy new clothes. D) Calm down first.C) Talk to her sister.14. A) Bob is too tired to study any more.C) He told Bob not to study late at night. B) Bob did very well in the final exam.D) He had often advised Bob to study.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容,符合的用“T ”表示，不符合的用“F ”表示) (7分)15. Jack wanted to throw away the umbrellas because they were broken. 16.Jack took the umbrellas to the shop and sold them to the shop-keeper. 17.The shop-keeper said that Jack could get his umbrellas back the next day.。

上海崇明区2024届高三第二次学业质量调研英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。

请将答案填涂在答题纸上。

）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.In a library. B.In a laundry. C.In a lift. D.In a bakery.2.A.Boss and employee. B.Hotel receptionist and guest.C.Doctor and patient.D.Travel agent and customer.3.A.Check the cafeteria later. B.Go to another place to eat.C.Go to the cafeteria of the bank.D.Cook something for themselves.4.A.He didn’t go to the club. B.He forgot meeting the woman.C.He slipped and got injured.D.He couldn’t keep his mind off the club.5.A.Extend her project time. B.Finish the project as soon as possible.C.Reconsider her decision.D.Interview people except those in town.6.A.Look for another style. B.Give the sweater away as a gift.C.Try on a smaller sweater.D.Change the sweater for a bigger one.7.A.He cancelled his interview. B.He’s disappointed with his interview.C.He shouldn’t have applied for the job.D.He doesn’t want to discuss the interview now.8.A.Ways to make money. B.Bob’s plan to open a coffee shop.C.The cow Bob is raising.D.The operation of Bob’s coffee shop.9.A.What the man is reading is too difficult. B.The man misjudges Mary’s expression.C.Mary’s habit caused her trouble in work.D.Mary dislikes reading books after work.10.A.She plans to read more than the required books.B.The books are all required for the history course.C.Some of the books are for courses other than history.D.She’s worried she may not finish the required reading.高中1Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.To distract the employer’s attention. B.To explain the features of the job applied for.C.To help you become the best candidate.D.To enable you to be noticed among applicants.12.A.It should be at least one page long. B.It should be handed in during the interview.C.It should be customized to suit the job.D.It should emphasize the value of the company.13.A.Your interest and hobbies. B.The details of your relevant skills.C.All your working experiences.D.A polite request for a proper salary.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.To provide a place for students to relax while studying.B.To provide a place for students to enjoy the city landscape.C.To provide a place for students to inspire more confidence.D.To provide a place for students to rest and enhance creativity.15.A.To make it both traditional and modern. B.To enlarge it to accommodate more students.C.To upgrade it with more trendy facilities.D.To make it attract both students and teachers.16.A.It contributes to peace in society. B.It helps people handle stress.C.It’s common in workplaces as well.D.It is good for the environment.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.The consequences of losing a job. B.The significance of having an interest.C.The right attitude to unemployment.D.The possible reasons for getting fired.18.A.A result of being less competent. B.A valuable time to develop an interest.C.A shock that might depress a person.D.An opportunity to reconsider one’s career.19.A.To reflect on her life and show the benefits of starting a company.B.To comfort the man and help him respond actively to the situation.C.To teach the man tips on how to make opportunities come one’s way.D.To illustrate that gardening is a promising field for the man to get into.20.A.Hopeful. B.Excited. C.Depressed. D.Concerned.高中2II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Grand Chinese New Year Celebration Held in LondonMore than700,000people in London joined in a celebration on February11organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association to welcome the Year of the Dragon.The celebration was claimed by the organizers(21)_____(be)the largest Chinese New Year event outside Asia.It started at10am with a diverse parade featuring dragon dances and displays of traditional Chinese costumes.The parade started from the east of Trafalgar Square and concluded on Shaftesbury Avenue in Chinatown.During the parade,significant attention(22)_____(capture)by the traditional Chinese Puning Yingge folk dance,a national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产)in China.The group of 16dancers,originating from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province,(23)_____ the art form originated,offered a sensory cultural feast(盛宴)to the people of the United Kingdom.At noon,the event reached its climax on the center stage in Trafalgar Square,with notable figures from China and Britain participating in the eye-dotting ceremony of two lions,symbolically(24)_____ (awaken)them.(25)_____the lions were awakened,they performed a lively flying dance.Performers (26)_____(hide)under the costumes jumped up and down on3-meter-high poles,drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.Zheng Zeguang,China’s ambassador(大使)to the UK,(27)_____(address)the attendees at Trafalgar Square.He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for making(28)_____possible for the event to happen,and extended warm wishes of good fortune and advance for the Year of the Dragon.Sadiq Khan,mayor of London,spoke highly of the contributions of Londoners of Chinese origin.“One of the reasons why London is the greatest city in the world is(29)_____Londoners of Chinese origin have been making contributions to the city,”he said.The mayor also warned(30)_____trying to“discourage”friendships between China and the UK.In addition to the lively parade and stage performances,there were cultural workshops,interactive games,and food stands set up around Trafalgar Square.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.高中3A.activateB.amountedparedD.energeticE.guidelinesF.identifyG.imageH.influencedI.respectsJ.reviewK.substantialExercise Can Help Prevent Depression,Study FindsHow often do you exercise?A new31from researchers at the University of Cambridge shows that those who exercise are less likely to develop depression,even if they exercise less than the recommended amount.The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults engage in2.5to5hours of moderate activity per week or one hour and15minutes to2.5hours of32aerobic(有氧的) exercise per week or some combination of the two.Adults who took a walk for what33to2.5hours per week were less likely to develop depression than those who didn’t exercise at all,the study found.But even those who exercised less felt better than those who didn’t exercise at all,according to researchers.“In this study,a relatively small amount of physical activity were associated with a(n)34decrease in risks of depression,”the study says.The researchers analyzed15studies with nearly200,000participants.Those who did about half the recommended amount of physical activity per week had an18%lower risk of depression 35with adults who did not exercise,the study says.Participants who exercised the recommended amount had a25%lower risk of depression than those who did not.Exercising more than the recommended amount hardly36depression risk,according to researchers.Many37of exercise can lead to improved mental health.For example,working out can increase circulation(血液循环)to the brain and38the central nervous system,leading to what many refer to as a“runners high,”the study says.More exercise can also lead to improved physical health and a better body39,which can cause a person to be more social,researchers say.Nearly5%of adults in the U.S.report regular feelings of depression,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Among the study participants,researchers estimate that1in every9 cases of depression might have been prevented had everyone met recommended exercise40,the study says.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Maps,number lines,shapes,artwork and other materials tend to cover elementary classroom walls. However,too much of a good thing may end up41attention and learning in young children, according to research published in Psychological Science.Psychology researchers Anna V.Fisher,Karrie E.Godwin and Howard Seltman of Carnegie Mellon University looked at whether classroom displays affected children’s ability to maintain42 during instruction and to learn the lesson content.They found that children in highly decorated classrooms were more distracted,spent more time off-task and demonstrated smaller learning43高中4than when the decorations were removed.“Young children spend a lot of time—usually the whole day—in the same classroom,and we have shown that a classroom’s44environment can affect how much children learn,”said Fisher, lead author and associate professor of psychology in the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences.Should teachers45their visual displays based on the findings of this study?“We do not suggest by any means that this is the answer to all46problems.Furthermore, 47research is needed to know what effect the classroom visual environment has on children’s attention and learning in real classrooms,”Fisher said.“48,I would suggest that instead of removing all decorations,teachers should consider whether some of their visual displays do make it difficult for young children to49.”For the study,24kindergarten students were placed in50classrooms for six introductory science lessons on topics they were unfamiliar with.Three lessons were taught in a heavily decorated classroom,and three lessons were given in a sparse(稀疏的)classroom.The results showed that while children learned in both51types,they learned more when the room was not heavily decorated. Specifically,children’s52on the test questions was higher in the sparse classroom(55%correct) than in the decorated classroom(42%correct).“We were also interested in finding out if the visual displays were removed,whether the children’s attention would53to another distraction,such as talking to their peers,or the total amount of time they were distracted would remain the same,”said Godwin,a Ph.D.candidate in psychology and fellow of the Program in Interdisciplinary Education Research.However,when the researchers totaled all of the time children spent off-task in both types of classrooms,the rate of off-task54was higher in the decorated classroom(38.6%time spent off-task)than in the sparse classroom(28.4%time spent off-task).The researchers hope these findings will lead to further studies into developing guidelines to help teachers design classrooms55.41.A.attracting B.distracting C.holding D.paying42.A.confidence B.relationship C.consistency D.focus43.A.gains B.opportunities C.needs D.disabilities44.A.social B.natural C.physical D.visual45.A.turn over B.take down C.try out D.look into46.A.athletic B.environmental cational municative47.A.additional B.prior C.national D.independent48.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Meanwhile49.A.stretch B.adapt C.concentrate D.explore50.A.decorated B.empty C.transitional boratory51.A.teaching B.classroom C.school D.personality52.A.accuracy B.emphasis C.impact D.perspective高中553.A.refer B.listen C.respond D.shift54.A.questions B.behaviors C.incidents D.tasks55.A.originally B.innovatively C.appropriately D.exclusivelySection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)On a rainy afternoon in Aspinwall,Pennsylvania,a group of amateur musicians gathered to lay down a few tracks.This wasn’t the first time the band had performed together,but it was their first time in a recording studio.The band,which calls itself Infinity,first performed its work at the2022Pittsburgh Schizophrenia Conference in November.All four band members are diagnosed with schizophrenia,a mental disorder that can cause people to interpret reality in abnormal ways,which can cause many kinds of disordered thinking.Infinity formed five years ago when Flavio Chamis,a Brazilian composer and conductor,began working with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center(UPMC)on how to use music to treat mental illness.“Having a mental health diagnosis is not a reason to not have a creative life,”Chamis said. Schizophrenia can be disabling,but therapy,medication and even playing music can help,according to a growing body of research.Chamis and K.N.Roy Chengappa,a professor of psychiatry(精神病学)at UPMC Western Psychiatric Hospital and the director of Pittsburgh’s schizophrenia conference,are continuing their efforts with the four musicians and to further investigate musical interventions in mental health outcomes.As imaging techniques advance,scientists are working to answer precisely why music affects the brain in the ways that it does.Playing music seems to have an impact on timing systems in the brain, which are affected by major depression,schizophrenia and other illnesses.There is research indicating that training patients to play in rhythm can in fact help retrain the brain in other,less obvious ways. Interventions tend to have positive effects,but the research is still in early stages.The band doesn’t have much formal music training,but they played and sang with touching sincerity.“It’s not supposed to be professional or perfect,”Chengappa said.“One of them has been my patient for20years....They’ve really blossomed.”Chamis led the Infinity recording from the piano,with each musician in a separate sound-proof room listening to one another on headphones.The conductor and composer encouraged the musicians and gave advice after each take.“It’s been great working on this with Flavio,”said guitarist David Baird.“I loved feeling like a professional....I want more.”高中6高中756.What is special about the band Infinity?A.All the members were professional.B.It performed for people with schizophrenia.C.All the members have mental disorders.D.It formed and gave its first performance in 2022.57.Flavio Chamis helped form the band Infinity in order to ____.A.investigate the causes of schizophreniaB.study the effect of music on mental illnessC.stimulate the members’creativity in musicD.obtain the opportunity to cooperate with UPMC 58.Music affects the brain by _____.A.intervening its timing systemsB.employing imaging approachesC.changing its reaction timeD.making its rhythm less obvious 59.According to Chengappa,the band members are becoming more _____.A.sincere B.professional C.depressedD.confident(B)The best white noise machines for a good night’s sleepSleep is crucial to health.But disruptive (扰乱的)noises can prevent you from falling asleep.White noisemachines could help,according to one study.LectroFanClassic ●MASKS NOISE:LectroFan Classic helps block out disruptiveenvironmental noises.It can help improve sleep,focus,privacy,andrelaxation.●20NON-REPEATING SOUNDS:A total of 20unique non-repeating,digitally created sounds.10fan sounds &10white noise variations,including pink &brown noise.●SAFE:Safe,solid-state design is powered by AC (交流电)or USB and dynamically creates unique,non-repeating sounds.●VOLUME CONTROL:Precise volume control allows you to set theperfect level for your unique environment.Yogasleep Rohm+●EFFECTIVELY MASKS NOISE:The Rohm effectively cancels outnoises that may disturb or distract you for improved sleep andconcentration.●GENTLE SOUNDS:20different sounds including music,nature,white,pink,and brown noise,as well as Bluetooth speaker features to allow youto play your own music or sounds and to make a conference call on theroad when you need.●CRUSH (压坏)RESISTANT:Stylish,crush-resistant travel case fitsperfectly with Yogasleep Rohm white noise machines.高中8●BATTERY OPERATED:Rechargeable through USB.Hatch Rest+●BEST FOR BABIES:Sound machine —keep your little one dreamingwith sounds like white noise,wind,and rain.Night light —make midnightfeedings comforting and the dark less scary with a calming light.Time-to-Rise —set up this light and sound combination to let your earlyriser know when it’s time to rise.Built-in two-way sound monitor.●POWERED BY:AC and rechargeable.Loftie Clock ●FA VORITE CLOCK:Loftie Clock uses sound and lights to help ease you into and out of sleep.●GENTLY UNWIND:Enjoy over 100free tracks,from breathwork and sound baths to all kinds of white noise and nature sounds.●AI-GENERATED PERSONAL STORIES:Loftie’s Magic Story Maker AIhas an upgraded feature that lets you create sleep stories with Typeform.Itthen uses ChatGPT and ElevenLabs AI to craft your story.Unlocking theMagic Story Maker AI requires an upgrade to a Loftie+account in the app($5per month).●POWERED BY:AC power60._____is the most suitable for Joana,whose baby sleeps in her room.A.LectroFan ClassicB.Yogasleep Rohm+C.Hatch Rest+D.Loftie Clock 61.If you want to buy a white noise machine for your friend Tim,who often travels on business,youneed to pay _____.A.$34.95.B.$40.03.C.$159.99.D.$149.00.62.What can be learned about the four white noise machines?A.The four of them can all produce white noise and nature sounds.B.One of them can help you create your own sleep stories for free.C.Two of them can be powered by both AC and rechargeable batteries.D.Two of them can not only help you fall asleep but also wake you up.(C)For a long time,psychologists agreed with the findings of Roy Baumeister,whose research showed that willpower was a limited resource that could easily be exhausted through use.His book,Willpower:Rediscovering the Greatest Human Strength ,has long been seen as the typical handbook on this subject.Plus,hundreds of experiments showed that when people had to complete two back-to-backtasks which both required willpower,they would demonstrate less willpower on the second task.From this research,willpower came to be understood as a“brain muscle”that would grow more tired the longer you used it.With adequate rest and recovery,the muscle’s energy would be restored, and willpower levels would return to normal.This made sense and even opened the door for an optimistic long-term approach to willpower:You could improve your willpower by using it regularly, just as you can strengthen a muscle through exercise.However,just because an idea sounds good doesn’t mean it’s ter research failed to find Baumeister’s willpower exhaustion effect.And other research even showed that willpower exhaustion can be reversed if you have a positive belief about what hard work does for you.If you believe using willpower is draining,you’ll experience it as draining,but if you believe it energizes you,you’ll be energized.In other words,what you believe about willpower might be a self-fulfilling prophecy.The trouble is that studying a psychological quality like willpower in the lab is very difficult. Willpower experiments greatly oversimplify the human experience and don’t reflect how willpower is used in the real world.Sample sizes are usually small because of limited funding,and it’s difficult to find diverse subjects.It almost certainly matters how meaningful the willpower-requiring task is to the person doing it,and laboratory experiments generally don’t ask participants to perform meaningful tasks.Furthermore,there are a great many factors that can affect how much willpower an individual has. Willpower levels change from moment to moment and day to day.Someone who has excellent willpower in one situation might have terrible willpower in another.You might have high self-control one day and low self-control another.So we just don’t know how willpower really works,and we might never know.People may or may not have a limited amount of willpower.Believing you have unlimited willpower might help you work harder than you otherwise would,or it might lead to overconfidence.63.Roy Baumeister’s book,Willpower:Rediscovering the Greatest Human Strength,is mentioned atthe beginning of the passage in order to show that_____.A.willpower as a limited resource has been widely acceptedB.his book is very popular among people in various fieldsC.willpower is essential in completing back-to-back tasksD.a great many experiments has been done on willpower64.By“a self-fulfilling prophecy”in paragraph3,the author means that_____.A.with enough rest,willpower can recover itselfB.with the right attitude,we can own our willpowerC.we can fulfil our dream as long as we have willpowerD.there is a fixed amount of willpower if we think positively高中965.The author implies in the passage that we should_____.A.view willpower as unlimited to fully cultivate our potentialB.try doing different tasks when our willpower levels changeC.stop doing research on willpower since it is too changeableD.treat willpower critically as it’s hard to get a full picture of it66.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The Definition of WillpowerB.The Great Willpower DebateC.The Importance of WillpowerD.Strategies to Increase WillpowerSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The drug works by clearing away some of the amyloid protein.B.The large study followed middle-aged and older adults for20years.C.Knowledge of the timing of these events is critical for preventing Alzheimer’s.D.The new findings show the order of such biomarker changes common to age-relatedAlzheimer’s.E.The higher levels were recorded as much as18years before the patients were identified ashaving Alzheimer’s.F.The researchers compared648people who were later found with Alzheimer’s to an equalnumber who remained healthy.Large Study Details Years of Brain Changes in Alzheimer’s PatientsA long-term study in China has shown that a series of changes take place in the brains of people who get Alzheimer’s disease long before they present signs of the sickness.67The individuals were examined on a regular basis during that period.The researchers used brain imaging,spinal fluid(脊髓液)checks and other tools to collect data.The researchers reported that the study subjects who later developed Alzheimer’s showed high levels of disease-linked protein in their spinal fluid.68Then every few years,the study detected another so-called biomarker of coming trouble.Scientists still do not know exactly how Alzheimer’s forms.The disease slowly destroys the brain, affecting the ability to think.Alzheimer’s patients develop proteins called beta-amyloid and tau,which over time build up into plaques(斑块)that block brain processes.The new research,published in the New England Journal of Medicine,offers a timeline for how these proteins develop.Scientists already knew that in rare,genetic forms of Alzheimer’s that affect young people,a 高中10poisonous form of amyloid starts developing about20years ahead of symptoms.At some point after that,tau develops as well.69“The more we know about Alzheimer’s treatment targets and when to address them,the better and faster we will be able to develop new therapies and preventions,”said Claire Sexton,director of scientific programs with the Alzheimer's Association.She noted that blood tests are coming soon that promise to also help by making it easier to find amyloid and tau.More than6million Americans,and millions more worldwide,have Alzheimer’s.There is no cure. But last year,Leqembi became the first approved drug that could slow the worsening of early Alzheimer’s for a few months.70Other drugs are being developed to target tau.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.71.Microplastics:Out of Sight,Out of Mind?People joke that someone suffering from paranoia(妄想症)sees danger everywhere,thinking someone is out to get him.In the case of microplastics,you don’t need to have paranoia to be worried about them being everywhere,because they basically are!What exactly are microplastics?They are particles(颗粒)of any type of plastic that are less than 5millimeters in diameter(直径).They have resulted from the plastic pollution widespread in the world today.When plastic is exposed to environmental forces,it breaks down into these tiny particles,which, in turn,do not disappear but continue to exist for hundreds or even thousands of years.Every piece of plastic that has ever been made is still on Earth today,except for what has been burned.Often mistaken for food,plastics and microplastics in oceans and on beaches are often consumed by marine animals, which is harmful.Research has linked microplastics to cancer and other problems in animals.Whatever you think about these particles,taking them in is easier than you think.When you heat food in a plastic dish in the microwave,microplastics get into your food.The water from a plastic water bottle contains the particles as well.After taking surveys of microplastics in air,water and seafood, scientists estimate that people may easily be eating5grams of plastic a week.Researchers don’t know yet if or how this will affect humans.Microplastics have been found in human tissue samples,and no one yet knows how long they stay in the human body or what problems may arise.Not until the amount of plastic waste in the world is reduced will microplastics decrease.So,while the evidence is still missing of the effect microplastics have on people’s health,reusing and recycling plastic is a no-brainer.高中11V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.难以置信的是，她看似柔弱，却是一个渴望探险的女孩子。

二模翻译专练【虹口区】1、现在人们已经习惯于将坏天气与空气污染联想到一起。

（associate）2、学生们难得有机会目睹那位著名的诺贝尔文学奖获得者。

（Seldom）3、上海迪士尼乐园肯定会成为一个值得多次游览的旅游景点。

（worth）4、正是因为社会过分重视外表，不少年轻人改变了他们原有的饮食习惯。

（It）5、汤姆错过了那场公众评价很高的电影，并非因为买不到电影票，而是因为交通堵塞。

（available）【黄浦区】1、在假期学生也能使用图书馆。

（access）2、新政策会给我们带来好处还是危害还拭目以待。

（remain）3、让没有受过专业培训的人操纵机器是不负责任的行为。

（who）4、如果我们换个角度来看问题，也许能找到切实可行的解决办法。

（who）5、他有着如此坚强的意志，定会不遗余力，力争提前完成任务。

（such...that）1、这家超市的特色是24小时服务。

（feature v.）2、趁一切还来得及，去赞美你爱着、关心着的人吧。

（before）3、直到那位母亲确信她的儿子已安然无恙地到家，她才松一口气。

（Not...until）4、是不是正是老师的鼓励才使你下定决心去报考你心仪的大学？（强调句）5、因为人们坚信食物对健康是至关重要的，所以好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡。

（belief）【杨浦区】1、当你独处在外时，记得让手机保持开机状态。

（keep）2、他不顾新颁布的法律，坚持在春节期间燃放烟花。

（regardless）3、任何情况下父母都不能强迫孩子去做超出他们能力范围的事情。

（circumstances）4、正是他在一家IT公司的经历才使他在众多的申请者中脱颖引而出。

（enable）5、人工智能程序AlphaGo打败顶级职业选手的消息引起了全世界的关注。

（concern）1、自上周起，孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算。

（chat）2、新的考试制度给学生更多选择科目和大学的自由。

上海市2023届高考崇明区高三年级二模考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。

请将答案填涂在答题纸上。

）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a library. B. At an airport. C. In a hotel. D. At a travel agency.2. A. He will watch the ceremony online. B. He isn’t interested in the ceremony.C. H e has already recovered from the flu.D. He won’t be able to attend the ceremony.3. A. He works as an artist. B. He sells paint supplies.C. He owns an oil company.D. He works in an art museum.4. A. F ind out who her audience will be. B. Watch him give his presentation.C. Practice her presentation in front of him.D. Try not to think about her audience.5. A. He’ll be late for the party. B. The soccer practice will end later than usual.C. He’ll miss the soccer practice.D. The soccer practice will take place after the party.6. A. Katie doesn’t have a new roommate. B. Katie didn’t give reasons for her unhappiness.C. The woman doesn’t believe in the man.D. The man doesn’t think Katie is really unhappy.7. A. Their career plans. B. Their dream universities.C. Their favourite teachers.D. Their attitudes to different jobs.8. A. He arrived at the theater late. B. The production isn’t to his taste.C. He left his watch in the theater.D. The production isn’t long enough.9. A. The thesis proposal is unacceptable. B. He has returned the thesis proposal already.C. He hasn’t read the thesis proposal yet.D. The woman didn’t submit the thesis proposal.10. A. W hich lecture the man wants to attend. B. Whether the man keeps money in the bank.C. Where the man learned about the lecture.D. Whether the man has brought that newspaper.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Working from home has its benefits. B. Workplace friendships are easy to develop.C. Young people favour remote employment.D. Working remotely limits workplace friendships.12. A. Financial support. B. Emotional comfort.C. Frontline services.D. Educational resources.13. A. Workplace friendships help to avoid disagreements at work.B. Workplace friendships motivate employees to work longer hours.C. Workplace friendships contribute to efficiency and security at work.D. Workplace friendships encourage employers to interact with customers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Inequality still exist globally. B. Pollution is severe in wealthy countries.C. The rich pollute the world more.D. Governments are responsible for pollution.15. A. 52%. B. 8.5%. C. 10%. D. 15%.16. A. By expecting a positive return from companies.B. By greenlighting companies’ business practices.C. By facilitating more investment in the stock market.D. By forcing companies to stop using traditional fuels.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The man’s dream career. B. The woman’s request for a salary increase.C. The man’s working experience.D. The woman’s contribution to her company.18. A. He’ll probably get a promotion. B. He thinks it too exhausting.C. He’ll work for his vice president.D. He considers it demanding.19. A. She isn’t productive enough. B. Her promotion is already on the way.C. She doesn’t have the courage.D. Her salary is quite fair for her position.20. A. Regard the company as a charity. B. Stop her plan to buy a new car.C. Stress her family’s need for money.D. Display her value to the company.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Tea ArtIt’s common to see people in coffee bars create coffee art, butit’s a whole different ballgame doing the same thing with tea. HanZheming has managed to perfect the skill, creating tea art in cups, or dian cha in Chinese, (21) _____ used to be a ritual during the Song Dynasty.Over the past six years, the 40-year-old Shanghai resident (22) _____ (use) tea and spoons to create nearly 200 patterns based on ancient paintings. “It’s like (23) _____ (add) bells and whistles to tea, giving people a stronger sense of occasion, so drinking tea is more fun,” Han says. It’s also his intention to bring the old ritual back to modern life and have more people (24) _____ (appreciate) its charm. Dian cha enhances the taste of tea, Han says. “It is similar to the foam (泡沫) on top of a cup of coffee, except (25) _____ it is made of tea rather than milk.”Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and boomed throughout the Song Dynasty, (26) _____ tea became a necessity for almost everyone, from nobles and scholars to common people, just like other essential items, such as rice, oil and salt, as suggested by Song politician and thinker Wang Anshi.Different from the method of making tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through dian cha. The process begins with hot water being poured over fine (27) _____ (powder) tea creating a mixture. Then more hot water is added slowly (28) _____ the tea is constantly beaten by hand with a bamboo stick. It is believed that this method later spread to other parts of East Asia, including Japan, where similarities (29) _____ be seen in the way matcha (抹茶) is prepared today.This action of pouring hot water is called dian; hence the name dian cha (30) _____ (list) as an intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) of Runzhou district, Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province, in 2019.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. applicationsB. connectionsC. emotionsD. identifyE. interveneF. notificationsG. sacredH. sharedI. specializeJ. stressedK. technologicalAnimal CommunicationMany pet owners long to talk with their animals. After all, if pets were able to talk, people could take care of them more easily and have closer emotional 31 to them, so a number of companies are working on devices and apps that could translate what animals say.One such app is called MeowTalk. Using voice recognition software, this app recognizes different sounds a cat makes and offers English translations of them. For example, one type of sound might mean “feed me” while another could be translated “let me outside.” The app can use machine learning to assess its translations and improve at recognizing one particular cat’s voice. In o t h e r w o r d s,i t c a n32 in understanding your cat in particular. This is important because cats do not all have a(n)33 language, but individual cats frequently use particular sounds to mean certain things.In the future, MeowTalk could connect to a smart collar that would hear the cat meow and play the translation out loud. Perhaps if the cat is outside and needs to be let in, it could even send 34to the owner’s phone.For dogs, a Japanese company called Inupathy has developed a harness(保护带) with a heart rate monitor and an app. The heart rate monitor is used to assess a dog’s 35 . This is possible because, like humans, dogs’ heart rates go up when they are excited or 36 . The harness also has a light that turns red when the dog is excited, but when the dog is relaxed, the light is blue.The most obvious use of this technology is to help pet owners 37 with and provide for their pets better. The more owners know about their pets, the easier it is to meet their needs.There are other 38 of technology that help us understand animals. For example, some sheep farmers are using artificial intelligence to scan and determine if they are in pain, which helps them find out sick animals. As a result, they can 39 more quickly to treat the animal.Anyone who interacts regularly with animals could benefit from understanding their animals better. Thus these 40 developments might transform the way we interact with the creatures around us.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It’s long been known that sugary drinks help people pack on unwanted kilograms. But new research suggests that 41 drinks and even 100% fruit juice might raise your risk for some cancers. The study couldn’t prove cause and effect, but it found that drinking as little as 90-120ml of sugary drinks each day was 42 to an 18% rise in overall risk for cancer.The new study was led by Mathilde Touvier, research director at the University of Paris. Her team collected data on more than 100,000 French men and women, average age 42, who took part in a national 43 .The participants answered questions about how much of 3,300 different foods and drinks they consumed each day, and were 44 for up to nine years.The study uncovered links between the consumption of sugary drinks and the risk of cancer 45 , and for breast cancer specifically. The investigators found no association between sugary drinks and prostate or colon cancers (前列腺或结肠癌), but the authors stressed that too few people in the study developed these cancers to make this finding 46 . The research 47 no links between diet sodas (无糖汽水) and cancer, although more study is needed to confirm that, the authors noted.The connection between sugary drinks and cancer remained the same even after the team 48for age, sex, educational level, family history of cancer, smoking and physical activity, the researchers said.So, why the 49 ? According to Touvier’s team, high-calorie drinks may raise cancer risk because sugar helps build body fat, in addition to raising blood sugar levels and inflammation (发炎) — all of which are risk 50 for cancer. It’s also possible that chemicals found in thesedrinks might play a part in 51 cancer risk, the researchers theorized.A group representing the drinks industry said sugary drinks can still be a part of the 52 diet, however. In a statement, the American Beverage Association said: “It’s important for people to know that all drinks — either with sugar or without — are 53 to consume as part of a balanced diet. America’s leading drinks companies are working together to support consumers’ efforts to 54 the sugar they consume from our drinks by providing more choices with less sugar or zero sugar, smaller package sizes and clear calorie information right up front.”Samantha Heller is a senior clinical nutritionist at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City. She said she wasn’t 55 by the findings. She noted that, for decades, these drinks have been linked with diseases such as heart disease. On the other hand, “most of us should be drinking more water than we do,” Heller said.41. A. iced B. mineral C. bottled D. sweetened42. A. tied B. devoted C. reduced D. limited43. A. game B. study C. ceremony D. examination44. A. checked B. caged C. occupied D. followed45. A. in general B. without exception C. on the contrary D. by accident46. A. unreliable B. unexpected C. authoritative D. original47. A. uncovered B. anticipated C. established D. hid48. A. hunted B. adjusted C. prepared D. mounted49. A. research B. similarity C. connection D. impact50. A. behaviors B. assessments C. perceptions D. factors51. A. explaining B. increasing C. preventing D. predicting52. A. local B. nutritional C. average D. conventional53. A. safe B. impossible C. exceptional D. effective54. A. neutralize B. digest C. remove D. reduce55. A. annoyed B. surprised C. embarrassed D. delightedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I was putting on my boots just now in what the novelists call “a brown study.” There was no urgent reason for putting on my boots. I was not going out, and my slippers were much more comfortable. But something had to be done. I wanted a subject for an article. Now if you are accustomed to writing articles for a living, you will know that sometimes the difficulty is not writing the article, but choosing a subject. It is not poverty you suffer from, but an embarrassment of riches.But what has this to do with putting on my boots? It is a reasonable question and I will tell you. For an hour I had paced my room in my slippers in search of a subject. I had looked out of the window over the sunlit valley, and watched the smoke of a distant train disappearing towardsthe west. I had sharpened every pencil I had on me with great care. But the more I sharpened my pencils, the more anxious I grew about the theme for an article.It was at this moment that I remembered my boots. The act of bending my body changed the current of the blood. You saw things in a new light. So I fetched my boots and sat down to put them on.The thing worked like a charm. For in my preoccupied condition I picked up my right boot first. Then mechanically I put it down and seized the left boot. And then the fact flashed on me that all my life I had been putting on my left boot first. If you had asked me five minutes before which boot I put on first, I should have said that there was no first about it; yet now I found I wasin a habit so fixed that the attempt to put on my right boot first affected me. The thing couldn’t be done. And then came into my mind that fascinating book of Samuel Butler’s on Life and Habit. Yes, certainly, here was a subject that would “go.” I took out a pencil, seized some writing paper, and sat down to write on “The Force of Habit.”56. By “It is not poverty you suffer from, but an embarrassment of riches.” in paragraph 1, theauthor means _____.A. some subjects are too complicated or embarrassing to write onB. poverty is no longer a problem nowadays, but embarrassment isC. poor people don’t encounter as many embarrassments as the richD. there’re so many subjects that it’s hard to decide which to choose57. Why did the author sharpen his pencils with great care?A. To help himself promote thinking.B. To draw what he saw out of the window.C. To write his article more smoothly.D. To relieve himself of anxiety about writing.58. Putting on the boots helped the author _____.A. get rid of his fixed habitB. lower his blood pressureC. see things from a new angleD. free his preoccupied mind59. The passage is mainly about the author’s _____.A. personal attitude towards habitsB. daily routines as a professional writerC. writing process of a special articleD. decision making on the theme for an article(B)HOW WE HELP is an independent therapy(治疗) directory and information resource for people who want to enhance their health and wellbeing. Our aim is to help you find professional experts to support you, whatever the issues you or your family are dealing with in your life right now.How to find a therapist or coach using There are various ways to find a therapist, counsellor (顾问) or coach on and the best route will depend on how much help you need.From a simple postcode search to a personal matching service, we can help you find the right professional to see in person or online.Quick searchIf you know what type of therapy or type of coaching you are looking for, use the quick search options page to search by type of therapy or coaching and then postcode. You can leave the location box blank to search for online therapists and coaches. Questionnaire (问卷)If you aren’t sure exactly what you are looking for, our easy-to-use questionnaire will take you through a handful of questions to give you the top selections of suitable therapists in your area of choice. Personalised Matching ServiceShort on time, or simply can’t make up your mind? Complete an extended assessment which is kept secret before being reviewed by a mental health professional. There is a charge of £66 for this popular high-quality service.Therapy tailored to your individual needsSave time and money with our Personalised Matching ServiceGet matched to the right therapist Talk online, by phone or in person 100%secret and secureHow it works1. Tell us about yourselfAnswer a few quick questions tohelp us match you to the right therapist or counsellor for your needs, budget and goals. This willonly take 5 minutes.2. We find your therapistOur mental health expert will review your profile and search ourdatabase of certificated professionals to find the therapist who best fits your requirements.3. We book a sessionOnce the match is approved, we'll make a booking that suits you. And if you are not happy with your first session, we'll find another match for free. If we don't find your perfect match within 5 attempts, youget your money back.60. The website mainly aims to _____.A. guide people to find suitable experts to improve welfareB. help people find out their own personalised requirementsC. offer people good approaches to dealing with family issuesD. provide information on how to enhance health and wellbeing61. The website provides _____ options for people to choose from to get what they need. A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four62. What can be learned about the personalised matching service? A. You need to pay 66 pounds to the tailored therapist for the service. B. You can claim a refund if you fail to find a satisfying match after 5 attempts. C. The matches are arranged by certificated professionals to your special needs. D. The result of your assessment will be kept secret from the matched therapist.(C)Gentle sound stimulation, also known as pink noise, may significantly enhance deep sleep in older adults and improve their ability to recall words, a new study has found.Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation (巩固). However, beginning in middle age, deep sleep decreases substantially, which scientists believe contributes to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. “This is an innovative, simple and safe non-medication approach that may help improve brain health,” said Phyllis Zee, professor at Northwestern University in the US. “This is a potential tool for enhancing memory in older populations and attenuating normal age-related memory decline,” said Zee.Zee and a team of researchers gathered 13 adults, 60 and older, and monitored their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants took a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took another memory test in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations (振动). During deep sleep, brain waves slow to about one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person.The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting that they were getting more deep sleep. And on the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation.Previous research showed pink noise during deep sleep could improve memory consolidation in young people. But it has not been tested in older adults. The new study targeted olderindividuals and used a novel sound system that increased the effectiveness of the sound stimulation in older populations.The study was a relatively small one, so further research is needed to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. But Northwestern has taken steps to patent the researchers’ technology, which seems to have hit upon a way to stimulate slow waves at the right moment. The team hopes to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds.63. The new study mainly reveals that _____.A. deep sleep consolidates old adults’ memoryB. pink noise boosts memory among the elderlyC. sleep disorders play a key role in memory lossD. sound stimulation increases the length of sleep64. The word “attenuating” in the second paragraph most probably means _____.A. worseningB. reversingC. slowing downD. bringing about65. What can be learned about the new study?A. It employed a sound system programmed in step with brain waves.B. It compared the effects on older adults and on younger populations.C. It repeated the experiment several times without the participants’ notice.D. It adjusted the participants’ slow-wave oscillations to match the stimulations.66. It can be inferred that the approach used in the study _____.A. may put old adults in risk in the long runB. has the potential to be applied in practiceC. requires an innovative and affordable deviceD. needs Northwestern’s patent for confirmationSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.It isn’t just about removing the garbage from the ocean’s surface.B.Hopefully, they can be a big part of the solution to ocean pollution.C.This small robot gathers up everything it encounters, including gasoline and oil.D.For larger, more open areas, a much larger robot called the Interceptor has a similar function.E.If all goes well, they’re hoping to expand the number of robots and take the technology toother waterways in need of cleanup.F.Cleaning up trash that litters the ocean is good, but to keep the oceans clean, new garbagemust be stopped from getting there.Trash-Eating RobotsIt has become common knowledge that our oceans are filled with garbage. Broken objects, used plastic bottles and so on fill our beaches and cover the ocean floor, doing immense damage to ocean creatures. Many individuals and organizations are working to remove this garbage and recent technological developments have given them a new tool to do so: trash-eating robots.Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean. For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot.67The jellyfishbot is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1,000 square meters per hour. It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters. The jellyfishbots’ small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports.68 Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash. A shallow barrier attached to the Interceptor guides floating trash to the conveyor belt, but fish can swim under it safely. Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators. These operators collect and empty the dustbins, sending the garbage to local waste management facilities.Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers. 69 Hence the Interceptor is used to stop pollution before it enters the ocean.The Interceptor is completely solar-powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement. Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage withouthumans struggling with beach cleanup by hand. 70IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. The Dunning-Kruger EffectIn 1999, social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger did a series of studies evaluating people’s competence in certain areas. The people in the studies were also asked to evaluate their own abilities in each area. Dunning and Kruger found that people who scored very low on the test tended to overestimate their abilities. Later research has indicated that a similar principle applies to other areas as well. This principle has become known as the Dunning-Kruger effect after the researchers who discovered it. The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs because only when people have skills in a given area are they equipped to evaluate their own skills. For example, in some situations it takes a scientist to recognize bad science.The opposite of the Dunning-Kruger effect also happens: capable people have a more accurate view of their own abilities, and sometimes they even underestimate themselves. An extreme case of this would be impostor syndrome, which is when a skilled person feels as if they are faking their skills despite knowing what they are doing.It’s tempting to think of the Dunning-Kruger effect as a problem that other people have. People may even laugh at those who think themselves more competent than they are. But everyone has areas where they lack competence — and the Dunning-Kruger effect means they may be especially bad at identifying those areas. Even if someone is very intelligent in general, there are still things they don’t know much about. Expertise (专业知识) in one area cannot always be transferred to other areas.That’s why it’s important to keep digging for information even when you think you’ve found answers. It can also be helpful to check your ideas with other people. Receiving negative feedback can hurt, but if you’re willing to listen, it can help you grow. Even just keeping in mind that the Dunning-Kruger effect exists can help you stay humble, accept criticism and, thus, keep learning throughout your life.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我忽然想起把同桌的围巾忘家里了。

浦东新区2017学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2018.04考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

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第 I 卷 (共100分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and vocabularySection APumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma (21)_______ (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt (22)_______ the puma began in a small village where a woman (23)_______ (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being (24)________ it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at (25)_______ place twenty miles away in the evening. (26)_______ it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Several people complained of “cat-like noises”at night and a businessman on a (27)_______ (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, (28)_______ where had it come from?As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one (29)_______ have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing (30)_______(think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.Section BA. networkB. specifyC. traditionallyD. ingredientE. uneasyF. additionalG. culturallyH. blockI. determineJ. requirementK. criticalA multicultural person is someone who is deeply convinced that all cultures are equally good, enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of another culture, until that person has accepted you. A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate foreigners to buy it. That’s a(an) (31)________ difference.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant(自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is, most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it and even those who are can’t hide it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers,which may effectively (32)_______ any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.Multiculturalism is a(an) (33)_______ that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you’r e in touch with foreign customers or manufacturers. Do you have the right employee to build up the (34)_______?For 20-odd years, I’ve run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales or management position, I start by asking them to (35)_______ the qualifications their ideal candidate would have. Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the (36)_______ requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic(语言的) abilities they see as crucial are not enough.Of course, it’s far more difficult to (37)_______ candidates’ mu lticulturalism than it is to check their language skills --- but it’s also a far more important (38)_______ to success. I remember a company that asked me to check out a salesman they were planning to send to Mexico. He’d studied Spanish, and had grown up in New York City --- the most (39)_______ diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was (40)_______ about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejected him --- just as Mexican buyers would have if he’d been selected for the job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AHailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging - adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport.Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and (41)_______ over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its (42)_______-- all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying (43)_______ to jogging, we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone (44)_______ - just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting (45)_______ with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to (46)_______ our inland waterways of plastic pollution. “There’s been a real (47)_______ in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is,” she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through (48)_______ like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The Plastic Patrol app allows users to (49)_______ plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and (50)_______ to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,” adds Carr.Plo gging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause. Here are some of our favourites:Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.(51)_______ among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far,(52)_______, Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get (53)_______. By linking themselves together, the (54)_______ - impaired individual can feel safe while both work up a sweat.(55) _______ for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. CyclingSection B(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that heexpected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concernedabout?A. Financial returns.B. Othercompetitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s lifeinsurance.58. The underlined word “thumbed” is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in_______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical book(B)Conventional wisdom may tell you that a master’s degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA（Master of Business Administration）graduates at certain US schools and career prospects.To work at AmazonRoss School of Business（University of Michigan）Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of American’s employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross’s curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey&CompanyKellogg School of Management（Northwestern）For an MBA, landing a job at Mckinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business schoolover again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school’s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard（23 percent）and Stanford（16 percent）.To work at AppleFuqua School of Business（Duke）Silicon Valley hasn’t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple’s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the pass five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg School of Management.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in _____.A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business(C)“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,”George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. “They made that journ ey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards. A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present system for getting from Earth’s surfa ce to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs --- or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck（敬畏的）staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, which calls for“reprogramming”some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science --- the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion（推进力）? If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.B. Human inhabitance.C. Venture cost.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush’s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that ______.A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people’s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C. Bush’s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space exploration.D. The achievements in place exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps to retain America’s position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won’t make great discoveries.Section CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Being simple might be another reason.B. It was the only affordable way to play them.C. We should have admiration for this old technology.D. The current trend for old games shows no sign of slowing.E. Newer consoles and their games are incredibly expensive.F. So it seems like it’s not‘game over’for old-school technology.Retro GamingThere’s no doubt that in today’s digital world, computer games are extremely sophisticated and capable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago. So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game was at an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. ___67___ And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighter became popular language in the playground – and now they are being talked about – and played – again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: ___68___ I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc., but how can anyone justify £50 to £60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?___69___ The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says "it's important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are... the developers had so little space to work with – your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb–and limited graphics and sound capabilities. This compares to an average capacity of 40G in today's games. ___70___ This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of their older consoles in new style casing.Ⅳ. 71. Summary WritingDirections：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn’t the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the 1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also important in America’s Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the“right to keep and bear arms.”So the sale and purchase of firearms are legal in the United States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in American culture. In the nation’s early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. Today, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popular as both a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing the pleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, they miss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America’s diverse gun culture. Most people who ownguns privately, are actually part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons to own and use guns.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。

英语连词and,or,but的用法练习题及答案及解析一、选择题1．—Hurry up, Tom, we’ll be late for the movie.—Ok, I will.A．but B．or C．and D．So2．You’d better wake up Tom at 6：30， he will be late for the match．A．if B．or C．and D．but3．He ran quickly all the way to school, ______ he was still late.A．but B．and C．or D．so4．They don’t think Lee can do the job, ________ he has decided to show them he can. A．but B．so C．or D．and5．________ he used to be 200 kilos in the past, he has lost too much weight by exercising now. A．Although B．So C．Until D．But6．2018年上海长宁二模Martin didn't eat up all the food he ordered,________he took the rest away.A．for B．or C．as D．so7．The music was too loud, I turned it down.A．so B．because C．but D．or8．It was very dark outside， ___________ we had to feel our way slowly.A．so B．but C．for D．or9．--Anna, what a nice dress you are wearing today!--Thank you. It fits me well, ______________ the colour is not my favourite.A．and B．so C．but D．or10．It’s hot today, ______we want to go swimming in the river.A．though B．but C．so D．or11．Money is very important_________it’s not the most important thing in our life.A．or B．and C．but D．so12．—The brown jacket is nice, ________ it doesn’t look good on me.—Why not try on the blue one? I think blue suits you fine.A．and B．so C．but D．or13．Follow the teachers' instructions, __________ you may get hurt when exercising.A．so B．or C．but D．and14．Mr. Pitt had to cheer up soon, ______ he would lose the game completely.A．and B．so C．but D．or15．Just leave the key to the exercises behind, you will be dependent on it.A．or B．and C．so D．but 16．Mike， don't be afraid to make mistakes， _________ you'll never make progress．A．so B．or C．and D．but17．Those who want to lose weight have to exercise every day, _________ they might get fat again.A．though B．if C．so that D．or18．2018年上海崇明二模Please dial 120 immediately,_______ the old man may die soon. A．and B．or C．but D．so19．The traffic rules say divers mustn’t drive if they are drunk, _______ they will be punished. A．and B．but C．so D．or20．I got up late yesterday, ____ I had to take my breakfast with me on the bus.A．and B．but C．or D．so21．I like your story, _______ I’m confused by the ending. Can you explain it?A．and B．or C．so D．but22．I’ve wanted to rea d The Little Prince for long, _______ today I finally borrowed the book from the library.A．or B．since C．and D．because23．I love cola and hamburgers, ________ they are not healthy.A．or B．so C．but D．and24．We will never see Kobe play another basketball game, ________we will always remember him.A．because B．unless C．but D．if 25．Hawking is no longer with us, he will continue to inspire the world.A．so B．if C．but D．as26．I like dancing, ______ I don’t have enough time to practice it.A．or B．so C．but D．because 27．The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not, ________ whether you try or not. A．and B．or C．so D．but 28．—Would you like to go to the cartoon show with me?—It sounds like fun, ________ I’m too busy.A．so B．or C．for D．but29．I’d like to go swimming with you, ______ I am too busy today.A．but B．and C．so D．or30．It was raining heavily, _____ we decided to stay at home and watch TV.A．but B．or C．because D．so31．You should return the digital camera to Sally ________she will get angry.A．so that B．because C．before D．or32．The jacket is nice, _________ it doesn’t look good on me.A．so B．if C．but D．or 33．Romantic comedies have not received a lot of love at the box office lately, ____ that could change last weekend with "Crazy Rich Asians".A．if B．when C．unless D．but34．—Can you help me with my housework?— I'd like to, ________I have to look after my baby sister.A．because B．as C．but D．if35．The F1 driver is hugely talented, ________ he still works hard to achieve his goals.A．so B．but C．if D．though36．I’d love to go to the theatre tonight, _________ I am too busy.A．so B．or C．but D．and37．一Will you go shopping with me_______go to the cinema with Kitty?一I’m sorry，_______I’m afraid I can’t．I have so much homework to do now．A．or；but B．or；and C．and；but D．and；or38．—I don’t like reading ______ watching TV. What about you?—I don’t like reading all day , ______ I like watching TV news.A．and ; or B．and ; and C．or ; and D．or ; but39．— Excuse me. Do you have a table for two?—I’m sorry, there aren’t any seats now. Would you mind waiting a while?A．so B．or C．and D．but40．He studies hard all the time, _________ he has made rapid progress in many ways.A．so B．because C．but D．yet【参考答案】一、选择题1．B【详解】句意：——快点，汤姆，否则我们看电影要迟到了。