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Unit 1 Helping those in needVoluntary workThree teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays. They wrote the following reports.I did some voluntary work in a children’s hospital . The children there all suffer from serious illnesses. we organized a painting competition for them.I meet a girl called Cindy .She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. I went there and took some photos of it. Cindy used them for her painting. BettyThere are many children without parents .I met some of these children with my mother .we taught them to tell stories .This helps them express their feelings. One child said ,”My friends don’t understand my pain.We spend time with a girl called Vivien. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. She needs friendship. My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien. MarkI want to help disabled children. They have difficulty walking or moving. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.I met a boy called Tim. He hurt his legs in an accident ,but he has lots of courage. We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits . I will continue to do voluntary work in the future. Annie 译文：三名青少年在学校放假期间主动做一些志愿工作。
Unit 2 Body language检测题(时间：60分钟；满分：100分)一、听力部分(20分)I.情景反应根据你所听到的内容，选择正确的应答语。
每小题读两遍。
1. A. Yes, I think so. B. Thank you. C. Nice to meet you, too!2. A. Good idea. B. Yes, please. C. Never mind.3. A. Sorry, I can’t. B. Thank you for your help. C. Yes, I’d love to.4. A. The same to you. B. Have a good time. C. You’re so kind.5. A. You’re welcome. B. That’s right. C. I’m afraid not.II.对话理解根据你所听到的对话及问题选择正确答案。
每小题读两遍。
6. A. To ask for help. B. To say “hello”. C. To visit her friend.7. A. In a restaurant. B. At home. C. In the street.8. A. He is a child. B. He thinks the novel is boring.C. He likes the novel very much.9. A. Before he came to the UK.B. Before he came to China.C. After he came to China.10. A. He is easy-going. B. He is humorous. C. He is helpful.听下面一段长对话，回答11～12两个小题。
11. A. $1, 000, 000. B. $100, 000. C.￥1, 000, 000.12. A. Buy a car. B. Go travelling. C. Give the money to charity. 听下面一段长对话，回答13～15三个小题。
Body Language1. IntroductionBody language is used by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. People can communicate with each other through not only verbal communication but also nonverbal communication. Moreover, the latter plays an essential role in human communication. Many people pay great attention to the acceptance and correctness of the verbal communication and overlook the influence and cultural difference of nonverbal communication. Then the misunderstanding and cultural crash often occur in the cross-cultural communication. So in the process of communication, it is not a complete communication while ignoring the cultural differences of nonverbal communication. A famous anthropologist E.T.Hall pointed out ―Silent language expresses more information than verbal language. Because it contains much information.‖ According to some researchers abroad, in people’s daily life, nonverbal communication takes part over 65% in all of information exchange. And body language is an important part of nonverbal communication. Many experts have shown the importance of body language in the cross-cultural communication. ―A psychologist proposed a formula: the total impact of message = 7% verbal + 38% vocal +55% facial expressions and behavior.‖[1] It is clear without body language we can’t finish our informational exchange. Body language, like verbal language can express emotions, exchange ideas and deliver information. So we must know the cultural differences of body language to achieve efficient communication.2 The definition and the importance of body language2.1 DefinitionThere’s language in her eyes, her cheek, her lip, Nay, her foot speaks. ---Shakespeare When we speak, we use much more than just words. We also communicate with our face, our hands, and even our own body. This kind of communication can be called ―body language‖ or ―non-verbal communication‖.The world’s best business communicators have strong body language: a commanding presence that reflects confidence, competence, and charisma. Body language refers to the use of facial expressions, gestures and physical contact to express a message. Body language is an important part of nonverbal communication and it is used by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving ones hand is to say ―Good-bye.‖A smile and handshake show welcome, and clapping hands means congratulations. Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement. The gestures are accepted both by Chinese and foreigners as having the same meanings. Different countries have different body language. For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet, but men in China or Australia shake hands instead of kissing. People in Puerto Rio like touching each other, but people from English speaking countries do not touth each other. If you touch an English person, you should say ―Sorry.‖ People in Arab countries like standing close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep a distance away when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. In Arab countries, you eat using the fingers of your right land, the left hand is not used at all. In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.2.2 ImportanceCommunication tool as a community language is the carrier of culture, but also an integral part of culture. The language reflects the prism of different nationalities, different cultural environment, lifestyle, ideas, religious rituals, values and thinking habits. So cultural differences the same gestures in different countries sometimes have different meaning. We communicate with more than the words we speak. Words are only one part of communication. Beyond voice communication, there are the messages our bodies send out constant. Research shows language only play the role of the expression of seven percent everyday. Sometimes the body message reinforces the words. Sometimes it contradicts them. Sometimes the messages are sent with noaccompanying words and we speak in body language alone. Body language, like our verbal language, is also a part of our culture. People in the exchange, there will be unconscious of the use of body language. Body language is an expression of one’s inner world of silence and an authentic language, non-verbal means of the most eye-catching. Body Language includes space dominance, eyes contact, physical contact, posture movements, facial expressions, etc. But not all body language has the same meaning for different people. Different people have different ways of making nonverbal communication. Are our voices loud, angry, overbearing, confident, soft, and shy? The quality of a voice can communicate as much as the words. The same words can be tender, mocking, sarcastic or angry, depending on how they are said. We can signal our own authority by talking in a loud, overbearing way. We can use the same words to signal our humility by talking softly and hesitantly. To learn the correct hand signals to communicate with others will make you happier.3. A comparative study of body language between Chinese and English-speaking countries3.1 Comparative study of physical contactPhysical contact also may mean different things in different culture. Figures from a study offer interesting insight into this matter. Pairs of individuals sitting and chatting in college shops in different places were observed for at least one hour each.In English-speaking countries,physical contact is generally avoided in conversation among ordinary friends or acquaintances. Merely touching someone may cause an unpleasant reaction. If one touches another person accidentally, she\he often says ―Sorry,I’m sorry‖[2].As we know, our Chinese often fondle the babies and little children who look very lovely, and the mother of the baby may not feel any awkward but pride. But Western mothers will feel embarrassing about this. Even they know that such gestures are just signs of friendliness. They still feel displeasure. As such actions in their own culture woule be considered rude, offensive.Besides the form of touching, let’s take up the matter of hugging and embracing in public. In many countries, many women hug and kiss. In most of the English-speaking countries, it also occurs frequently between husband and wife and other members in the family. Hugging and embracing among men is a different matter. Among Arabs, Russians, French and in several of the east European and Mediterranean countries, a warm hug and a kiss on the cheeks between the man are to show welcome. In east Asia and in the English-speaking countries, though, the action is seldom seen. They just shake hands in common. The matter of physical contact between members of the same sex in English-speaking countries is a delicate one. In their childhood, the holding of hands or walking with an arm around another’s shoulder is not considered proper. The implication is homosexuality, and homosexuality generally arouses strong social disapproval in those countries.3.2 Comparative study of facial expressionsFacial expression is the most expressive part of the body. It’s capable of conveying emotions. Different cultures have many different or same facial expressions. Laughing means happiness and crying indicates sadness. Since the expression of emotions is acquired in the background of cultures, facial expressions varies among cultures. Smacking means delicious in China, while it means ―have no savor‖ in English-speaking countries. Lolling out tongue indicates shyness for Han race and politeness to strange heterosexual guests for Tibetan, whereas it indicates contempt, jeer or resistance for American children. Because the traditional cultures and the affects toward certain thing are not the same, facial expressions would be different. For example, when Chinese are praised by others, they would take on negative facial expression, indicating ―I don’t believe.‖ ―I can’t accept.‖ When English are praised, they would say, ―Thank you!‖ with a smile. Chinese would consider this attitude as immodesty and pride. All of these as determined by the features of cultures.Smiles and laughter are the common character of human. They usually convey friendliness, approval, satisfaction, pleasure, joy and merriment. But their meanings also vary from culture to culture. In cross-cultural communication, there are many misunderstandings caused by smile. English people usually can’t understand Chinesefacial expressions and smiles. Some even call Chinese smile as inscrutable. There are two reasons.a. Chinese smile often isn’t accordant with c ontextFor instance, when an American is parking his bicycle, and the bicycle accidentally falls over, he feels embarrassed at his awkwardness, and is quite angered and humiliated when Chinese onlookers laugh. Such laughter, of course is not at the person or his misfortune—whether he be a foreigner or a Chinese. It can convey a number of meanings; don’t take it so seriously; or laugh it of, or it is nothing; or such things can happen to anyone, etc. But in America, onlookers should reflect such context with clear sympathetic feelings.b. English people think Chinese feelings are too implicit and are not often taken on face Even there is some disaster happening to them, Chinese people would also smile at guests. But if something unfortunate happens to English people, they would not conceal their sad feeling intentionally. There are more facial expressions and gestures in English-speaking countries, especially in America. American adults always encourage their children to show themselves and to form extroverted character, which would elicit more facial expressions. But Chinese adults often warn their children not to display their emotions, so most of their children own an introverted and implicit character.3.3 Comparative study of eye contactEye contact is an delicate aspect of body language. Eyes play a large part in communication. It helps to regulate the flow of communication. It signals interest in others and increases the speaker’s credibility. People who make eye contact open the flow of communication and convey interest, concern, warmth, and credibility.It’s one of the most common and ancient ways of exchanging feelings between people. In drama, poetry, fiction and music, eyes have always been a fascinating topic: Shakespeare’s ―thou tell me there is murder in mine eye‖ Bob Dylan’s ―Your eyes said more to me that night than y our lips would ever say.‖ Lyric: ― Your lips tell me no, no, but there’s yes, yes in your eyes.‖As saying goes ―The eyes are the window of the soul‖. That is to say, we can read one’s mind through his/her eyes. Eye language can express complicated feelings and it is an important way to judge the intimacy ofcommunicators.People from English speaking countries have more eye contact when they are in conversation. According to American tradition, communicators must gaze at each other. ―But there are many rules about eye language: Whether to look at the other communicator or not; when it is the time to look at them, how long we can look at; who we can look at and who we can’t; they all i mply different meanings in communication.‖[4] In Juliets Faster’s book ―Body Language‖, there is a paragraph which can explain the problem. Two strangers sit face to face in the dinning room in a train; they can introduce themselves to each other. When they are eating, they can talk anything else. They also can avoid eye contact and do not show interest in each other. A writer described this situation in an article, ―They look over the menu again and again, play with knives and look at their nails.‖ It seems that they look at them for the first time. If their eyes meet, they will turn away immediately and look out of the window.‖Americans pay great attention to the time and the way of eye contact. In common conversation, they will look at each other about one minute and then they will look away. If two Americans gaze at each other, which indicate they are intimate. In North America, the children there have learned to look at the other communicator directly. If they don’t, they are regarded lack of enthusiasm or confidence. They believe the saying ―Never trust a person who can’t look you in the eyes.‖[5]If two Arabians are in conversation, they will look at each other warmly. Because they think eyes are the key of their existence. But in American eyes, they think this behavior is unsuitable or a homosexual behavior. The educated Englishmen believe direct eye contact with our communicators is gentlemanly. But Swedenians use eye language more often than Englishmen. And the French especially like to look attentively at the other communicators with admiration. Japanese often look at the other communicator’s neck when they are in conversation. They believe eye contact is impolite. And Chinese consider gazing people is an unfriendly behavior and it is a challenge. Some South American Indians used to look at different directions when they are talking. In the Middle East, it is considered extremely provocative for a woman to let a man catch her eyes, let alone, return his gaze. Another example, Americans have a trip to a village andthe local people stare at them. They are annoyed and think the local people are rude. In fact, it is normal in the village. They are just curious. ―American social psychologist Michael Argyle found out: People who like each other have more eye-contact than people who dislike each other.‖ In communication, looking down frequently can indicate submissiveness or embarrassment. Looking away constantly may express dissatisfaction. Females are likely to communicate with more eye contact, especially among females. But too long eye contact will cause embarrassment. Most people feel uneasy and uncomfortable under the strong staring. When people always stare at us, we will feel we are threatened or suspect their sincerity. From what is mentioned above we can conclude that different cultural background has a great influence on body language. And eye language also reflects different cultures and believes. So we need to observe and compare and contrast carefully so as to improve cultural exchange and to blend well.3.4 Comparative study of postures―Posture is a matter of how people sit, walk, stand and move.‖[6] What kind of posture people use also can reflect the cultural differences between east and west. ―Hewes pointed out culture mostly determined what kind of postures people use and the meaning and emotion they suggested.‖According to Chinese tradition, people who are sitting have right to take charge of others: Monarch sits and officer stands; father sits and son stands; leader sits and employee stands and so on. So the younger give the old a seat to show respect. But in America and Britain, people who are in charge of others have tendency to stand. They will make use of the height of space to indicate the high status. People who have high status choose to sit when they are conversing with you, which mean they want to create harmonious and equal atmosphere and lessen space. So adults will bend down when they are talking to children. Froyd once said, ― No one can really keep secret. If he does not talk and keep silent, he will talk with his fingers. In a whole, part of his body will sell him out.‖ In fact, this statement refers that people’s postures, attitude and other body language can deliver more hidden information. People may control their facial expressions successfully and appear calm. But they do not realize that his nervousness and eagerness have let out from his body language. Their feet may be stamping on thefloor. Madness is the emotion that may let out from our feet and legs. ―When we are quarrelling with others, our feet will be nervous and trembling unconsciously.‖[7] And females will make some teasing postures with their legs. And postures can also reflect people’s attitude towards their communicators. The research indicated: males communi cate with the person they don’t like, whether they are relaxed or nervous determined by whether their communicators are threatening or not. In this experiment, females will express dislike with very relaxing postures. Postures will be the clue of the internal relationship of a group. For example, Guests are quarrelling because of dispute; we can make out the two quarrelling parts by their postures. People who agree with them will put their legs on the other legs. And people who are against will stretch out their legs straight. And some neutral people will hold arms. Somebody suddenly changes his/her postures, which may mean he disagrees with the person who is speaking or he/she is changing his/her mind. For example, People from English speaking countries prefer kneeling or sitting on the ground to bending down. They think it is the posture of uncultivated people when they are surrounding the fire, and they are willing to kneel or sit on the ground. But people from the countryside of Northern China get used to this posture. In Indonesia, people often bow and put the other people’s hand on their forehead to express modesty. But Americans will not do it. American’s informalness is famous. Teachers can sit on the platform or desk when they are teaching. And the st udents needn’t to sit straight. But in China, people are required to have a good manner. For example, In interpersonal communication, good manners show great respect to the other people. For example, having an interview for job-hunting, we should behave well. And we can conclude something from people’s posture. When we listen to people, we believe they are more energetic, confident and competent if they stand erect. On the other hand, when we see a person slouching over a lectern or standing lazily, we make a negative interpretation. We say the person is not very interested in what they are discussing.3.5 Comparative study of gesturesGesture is the expressive movement of a part of body, especially the hand and the head. Although people are normally not aware of it, they use gestures when they aretalking. If they want to understand gestures correctly, they must take the context or situation into consideration, otherwise gestures can be confusing indeed. For instance, a thumb in the air might mean a request for a ride on the highway or ―ok‖ on the launch pad. To touch the nose can indicate ―dishonesty‖ in conversation or ―failure‖ in contexts such as a game of chess. As with verbal language, nonverbal codes are not universal. A lot of gestures vary from culture to culture.3.5.1 The same meaning shown by different gesturesIn different countries, the different gestures would also have the same meaning. Chinese and English-speaking countries:Bad Raising little finger Thumb down“I don’t know‖ Shaking the head or waving the hand Shrugging the shoulders;“Come here‖ Hand extended toward person, palm open and down, with all fingers crooked in a beckoning motion Hand extended toward person, closed hand, palm up, with forefinger only moving back and forth;“Shame on you!‖ (semi-joking gesture) Forefinger of one hand extended, tip touches one’s face several times quickly, similar to scratching, but with the forefinger straight Forefinger of each hand extended, palms down in fron t of one’s body, one forefinger makes several brushing movements over the back of the other forefinger;Welcome, congratulation Applauding and clapping hands Applauding and snapping one’s fingers;“I’m very full‖ after a meal, one or both hands open, light ly patting one’s own stomach Hand raised to throat, fingers extended, palm down;High praise, the best thumb up closed hand, forefinger up;“No, don’t do that‖ Moving the head from side to side Moving the index finger from side to side;“That’s crazy!‖―He/she is crazy!‖ Moving the index finger from side to side Moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear.3.5.2 The same gestures with different meaning in different culturesSince the cultures in different countries are different, the same gesture would have different meanings in different countries.Chinese and English-speaking countries:Raising forefinger and middle finger to form a ―V‖ The figure of two Victory;Making a circle with thumb and index finger while extending others The figure of zero or three Ok;Hand raised to throat, fingers extended, palm down Suicide I’m very full;Moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear Think about Think of That’s crazy! He/she is crazy;Thumb up High praise, Good a request for ride on the highway;Index finger touches the temple or the forehead He/she is very foolish. There is something wrong with his/her mind. He/she is very clever/intelligent;Hand extended toward person, palm open and down, with all fingers crooked in a beckoning motion come here goodbye;Forefinger near lips with the sound ―shhh‖ disapproval, hissing be silent/quiet;A speaker or performer clapping at the same time audience applauds appreciation, mutual positive feeling immodest, applauding oneself.4. The significance of Comparative studyIn intercultural communication, it is very important for us to understand the body language. Body language varies from culture to culture. So, the significance of studying and researching body language. is to help foreign language learners and communicators exclude the interference of cultural differences. Moreover, body language has international character. People who live in different countries and speak different languages can communicate through body language. Sometimes body language can be used alone, but sometimes it must be used together with verbal language. If one can’t use body language properly, he can’t achieve communicative purpose well and he will make another one unhappy or make himself embarrassed. Help commmunicate effectively and efficiently4.1 Be tolerant and avoid prejudicesBecause of different cultures, we will meet difficulties in communicating. We should be tolerant of others’ mistakes, for it is impossible for a person to know all countries’ body languages, but we sh ould try our best to avoid others’ prejudices. Whether aChinese or a foreigner, he shouldn’t take it too seriously because any of us may make such mistakes. However, for most people are unaware of this attitude, the reaction to such laughter is quite unpleasant and often generates ill feeling.4.2 Appreciate similarities and accept differencesThe origin of culture in different countries is different. We should respect his custom and reserve our culture.A comparative study of Chinese and Americans’ body language shows a number of similarities. For example, men don’t hug or embrace when meeting.A handshake is the most common gesture to show greeting. It has the same meaning as the waving hand to say ―goodbye‖. A frown shows displeasure, and ―wrinkle‖ of o ne’s nose is a sign of dislike, disgust or disapproval; nodding means ―yes‖, and shaking one’s hand means ―no‖. Pouting has the same meaning–displeasure, bad humor; a pat on the back of a man or boy indicates approval, praise, encouragement; gritting one’s teeth may express anger, fury or determination.Of course, there is some difference. Black children often don’t look at the teacher because their parents told them that it’s impolite. White children stare at the teacher’s eyes not only implies that they are listening to the teacher carefully, but also shows their loyalty. In Asian countries, when speaking, stare at others is impolite, too. Especially, when a subordinate listens to the leader, he often looks down. In Arabian countries, it is the same as white people.5. ConclusionThe study of body language should be complementary to the study of language. In order to communicate effectively in a foreign language, one should know also the facial expressions, gestures, postures and physical contact. In human communication, people use body language to communicate, as well as verbal language. Body language is belongs to the scope of nonverbal communication. Body language plays an important role in our life. Body language, like verbal language, is also a part of culture. But in different cultures body language means the different things. Different people have different ways of making nonverbal communication. Understanding the different cultural implication of English-speaking countries and Chinese body language canpromote people’s cross-cultural communication competence, reinforce the heart-to-heart understanding. This study is helpful for people to diminish or avoid misunderstandings caused by the cultural differences of body language.Bibliography[1]Fast, Julius. Body Language [M].New York: Pocket Books, 1971.[2]Liu Yongfa. The Practical Body Language[M].Beijing:Hua Wen Press, 1997.[3]Samovar,L.A. Understanding Intercultural Communication[J]. WadsworthPublishing Company, 1981.[4]Shen Minxian. The Use of the Body Language in Elementary School[J]. ShanghaiEducation, 1999.[5]Stern,H. H. Fundamental Concepts of Language Teaching[M]. London: Oxforduniversity press. 1983.[6]毕继万. 跨文化非语言交际[M]. 北京：北京外语教学与研究出版，1999.[7]胡文仲. 跨文化交际学概论[M]. 北京：北京外语教学与研究出版社，1991.AcknowledgementsAt the point of finishing this paper, I’d like to express my sincere thanks to all those who have lent me hands in the course of my writing this paper. First of all, I'd like to take this opportunity to show my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Miss Gao, who has given me so much useful advices on my writing, and has tried her best to improve my paper. Secondly, I’d like to express my gratitude t o my classmates who offered me references and information on time. Last but not the least, I’d like to thank those leaders, teachers and classmate. Without their help, it would be much harder for me to finish my study and this paper.。
Unit1 Helping those in needVoluntary workThree teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays. They wrote the following reports.BettyI did some voluntary work in a children's hospital. The children there all suffer from serious illness. We organized a painting competition for them.I met a girl called Cindy. She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. I went there and took some photos of it. Cindy used them for her painting.MarkThere are many children without parents. I met som e of these children with my mother. We taught them to tell stories. This helps them express their feelings. One child said," My friends don't understand my pain".We spent some time with a girl called Vivien. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. She needs friendship. My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.AnnieI wanted to help disabled children. They have difficulty walking or moving. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.I met a boy called Tim. He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage. We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits. I will continue to do voluntary work in the future.C VocabularyC1 The words in italics are from the reports. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.1 When something is serious, it is .a bad or dangerousb good and safe2 If you have an illness, you are a person .a in good healthb in had health3 If you have peace, you are .a nervousb not worried or excited4 A person with courage is usually of something dangerous or difficult.a afraidb not afraid5 If you raise something, you .a make it lowerb move it higher6 If you are in high spirits. you have a good .a feelingb abilityC2 Complete the passage below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.Difficulty express lonely offer voluntary workJoe wanted to do during the summer holidays, so he to help at a local hospital. Every Saturday, he went there to look after the patients. One of them had walking, so he helped him move around.Another one could not see. Joe read news and funny stories toher so that she did not feel . Joe also talked with the patients. This helpedthem their feelings.Joe enjoyed helping people. He will continue to help at the hospital in his free time.D ComprehensionD1 Read the reports and complete the notice below.They need help!Can you help these children?Cindy, aged 12Cindy is in hospital because she . Cindy wants to the park near her home. We need someone to go to the park and for Cindy.Vivien, aged 13Vivien's parents died in . She is . We need someone to talk to her and make friends with her.Tim, aged 14Tim was a healthy boy. He used to love sport until he . We need some volunteers to teach disabled children like Tim to' and to help them .More practiceA Read a girl’ s story about the Spring Bud Project and aniswer the questions below.Success for Spring BudsMy name is Feng Guixianq. I want to tell you about the China Children and Teenagers' Fund (CCTF) and how it helped me.One of the CCTF's special activities is the Spring Bud Project. In 1989, 4.8 million children in the country, aged from seven to fourteen, were unable to attend school. Eighty-three per cent of them were girls. Because of this, the CCTF launched the Spring Bud Project to help them. Since then, the project has helped millions of girls return to school. It has also built a lot of schools.The very first Spring Bud class was here in Guangxi in 1989. The Spring Bud Project paid for me to attend that class. It also rented a room close to the school for me.Before the project started, I stayed at home and helped my mother with the housework. Going to school changed my life. I learnt to read and write and do many other things.Now I work as a teacher at a Spring Bud school here in guangxi.I wish to help other girls the way the Spring Bud Project helped me.1What is the purpose of the Spring Bud Project?2 What kind of help did Feng Guixiang get from the Spring Bud Project?3 How did the Spring Bud Project change Feng Guixiang's life?4 What job does Feng Guixiang do now? What does she wish to do?Unit2 Body languageDebbie and Simon are students. They both have part-time jobs at a travel company.A well-dressed lady entered the office. She looked at Debbie and Simon, and then walkedover to Debbie. Debbie gave her a cheerful greeting.Simon sighed and walked away.“What’s the ma tter?” Mr Yang asked.“People always choose Debbie instead of me. I don’t understand.”“I do. It's the way you communicate.”“How can that be?”Simon asked, “I don't get a chance to speak.”“Communicating is more than just speaking. Your body language is important, too.”“Body language?”“It's the way you stand and sit. It's your gestures and the expression on your face. Yourwhole appearance communicates things. You don’t give people a good impression, Simon. Youlook down, you never smile and you don’t turn your head towards them.”"Look at Debbie. She’s holding her head up. She always smiles and looks friendly. Her body lang uage is making people feel welcome, so they go to her for help.”Simon decided to improve his body language. He sat up straight and tried smiling at people. Minutes later, a beautiful girl entered. She walked over to Simon. A few moments later, she leftwith a smile.Mr Yang came over at once and said, “You made a good impression on her, Simon.”“That was my sister,” Simon said. “She wanted to remind me that tomorrow is her birthday.”C VocabularyC1 Find words from the story that have similar meanings to the words below.1 wearing nice clothes2 a polite word for a woman3 the look on one's face4 the way someone or something looks5 keeping something in a placeC2 later that day, Simon was talking with his mother. Complete their conversation with the words from the box.body language matter towardslater part-timeSimon: Mum, I'm thinking of leaving my job at the travel company.Mum: What's the ?You have a good chance to learn about travel there. Don't you want to build a career in tourism?Simon:Yes, but it's more important for me to develop other skills at the moment. I want to take a class in communication skills because I need to improve my .I can get another job like this .Mum: Well, I understand the feelings you have your job,but I don't think you should leave it. This job will teach you something you can't learn in a classroom.Simon:Thanks, Mum. I'll think it over.D ComprehensionD1 Simon is talking to a friend on the phone. Read the story and complete his words with the information from the story.Our customers always .I didn't know why and Mr Yang told me the reason.It was because of the way .I wasn't giving customers .My wasn't making them .So I decided to improve it. D2 Read the story again and answer the questions below in complete sentences.1 What is body language according to Mr Yang?2 Why did Simon not give customers a good impression?3 Why did customers choose to talk to Debbie?4 What happened after Simon sat up straight and tried smiling at people?5 Who was the girl that walked over to Simon?More practiceA Read this online article about eye contact and answer the questions below.Eye contactEye contact means looking into another person's eyes. This is a very important part of body language. It can be the key to communication. Eye contact can show feelings such as friendliness, interest and understanding.In Western countries, using eye contact in conversations is very important. If you do not use eye contact. Westerners may think that you are not listening. And if you look away, they may also think that you are lying.However, in many Asian countries, looking down when talking with an older person,like a teacher or a parent,is polite. These differences can cause problems. For example. an Asian person might look down while listening to a Western speaker. The Western speaker might think this person is not interested in what he or she is saying.Not using eye contact can cause problems. but using too much is not polite either. In many countries, watching other people, especially strangers, for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel nervous.1What does eye contact mean?2Why is eye contact the key to communication?3If you do not use eye contact in Western countries, what may happen?4Do Asians use eye contact as often as Westerners?5 What kind of eye contact is impolite in many countries?Unit3 Traditional skillsFishing with birdsWang Damin is a fisherman. Although he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys working.Damin uses cormorants to catch fish. Cormorants are large black birds. They are good at catching fish because they can swim well. They can dive down and stay under the water for up totwo minutes.Damin usually sets off in the late afternoon and gets the cormorants ready for work. First, heties a piece of grass around their necks to stop them from eating big fish. Then when Damin’s boat reaches the right place in the river, he pushed them into the river. Damin uses several ways toattract fish. During the day, he jumps up and down on his boat. After dark, he hangs a light on apost at the front of the boat. The cormorants bring the fish back to the boat. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Damin. No nets are required for this type of fishing.Cormorant fishing was once practiced in lots of places in South-East China, and there were many fishermen in the area. But today, few young people are interested in it. In 50 years, perhaps there will b e no more cormorant fishermen in the world.C VocabularyC1 The words in italics are from the article. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.I If a person is fit, he or she isa healthy and strongb weak and ill2 When you set off, you a journey.a planb start3 When you reach a place, you the place.a arrive atb return from4 If you hang something on a post, you the post.a put it onb take it from5 If you require something to do your work, you it.a loseb needC2 Mark wrote an email to Jenny about fishing with hand nets. Complete his email with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.f isherman fit hang reach require set offTo: JennyFrom:MarkDear Jenny,I saw a TV programme about an old .He is very , so he can catch fish from his boat every day. He usually in the late afternoon. Fishing is simple forhim because it only some hand nets. When his boat the right place, he puts the nets in the water. After a few minutes, he pulls the nets up to get the fish. He always looks happy when he his nets at the front of his boat and sails back home.I enjoyed this programme.Best,MarkD ComprehensionD1 These sentences are about the article. Each sentence has one incorrect word or number in it. Underline the mistake and write the correct word or number in each blank.1 Damin is over 75 now, but he still enjoys working.2 Cormorants are able to stay under the water for up to 25 minutes.3 Damin often goes fishing in the early afternoon.4 Damin ties a piece of grass around the mouth of each bird.5 After dark, Damin has a fire on his boat.6 The fish are taken from the fishermen's mouths.D2 Read the article again and answer the questions below in complete sentences.I What do cormorants look like?2 Why are cormorants good at catching fish?3 Why does Damin hang a light on a post at the front of his boat?4 Where was cormorant fishing once practised?More practiceA Read this newspaper article about shadow puppet plays and answer the questions below.Shadow puppet playsEvery Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi'an. The audience can hear them, but they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow puppet play.Shadow puppets are made of hard leather. The leather is cut out in the shape of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in bright colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable arms and legs.During a shadow puppet play, Wang stands behind a white screen with lights behind it. The audience sit in front of the screen. Wang and his friends hold the puppets very close to the screen so the audience can see the puppets' shadows clearly. Then they move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters.Shadow puppet plays are an ancient Chinese art. Now with TV and films, shadow puppet plays are not as popular as before. Wang and his friends often work very hard for little money, but they do not mind. They want to keep this traditional art form alive.1Why can the audience not see Wang and his friends?2What are shadow puppets made of?3During a shadow puppet play, where does Wang stand?4Who does the voices of the different characters?5 Why do Wang and his friends put on shadow puppet plays?Unit4 Cartoons and comic stripsJiason is learning how to make cartoons.He has found some information in a magazine.How to make a cartoonFirst, you need to decide on some basic ideas for a story.This story is about a robot, Han. He always forgets things.One day, Han meets his friends Sarah and Tim at the underground station. He says, “I’m happy. I bought a new notebook. Now I won’t forget things.”Sarah says, “Yes. I have one too. Here it is.”Tim asks,”where yours,han?”Han says, “Oh, no! I forgot to bring it!”In the second stage, think about the kinds of characters you want and what they will look like. Han is a tall robot. He has square eyes. They are actually video cameras. Tim wears glasses, so he loo ks clever. Sarah is a pleasant girl. She has straight, black hair.Now make a rough sketch of the story.Next, use a computer to draw detailed pictures and add colour. To make the characters and things appear to move, each picture should be made a little different from the one before it. In thenext stage, a computer program is used to put the pictures together as a film.Finally, record the voices and sound effects. The actors will do the characters’ voices. Their speech must match the pictures. Sound effects, like the noise of the underground, must also be added separately.After everything has been checked, the cartoon is ready to be played for everyone to enjoy.C VocabularyCl The words in italics explain the meanings of some words from the article.Find the words to complete the sentences. Change their forms if necessary.1 The idea of the story must be simple as well as important.2 The painting is really interesting. The people in it look real. They to be alive.3 He wants to be a person in a film. His dream is to be an .4 This shirt your trousers well. Their colours really go together.5 They did not watch the cartoon together. They went to the cinema .C2 Jason is writing an email to his friend Anna in Germany. Complete his email withthe words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.actor appear basic decide on recordTo: AnnaFrom: JasonHi Anna,I've a story for my cartoon. It's about a boy called Jim. He lives on another planet in the year 2200. Jim to be a human from the Earth, but he's actually a robot.I'll make the cartoon myself, as I have some drawing and computer skills. However, I need some people to help me the voices and sound effects. My friend Tom has always wanted to be an ,so I'll ask him to do the voice of the robot.I'll show my cartoon to you when it's ready. I hope you'll like it.Yours,JasonD ComprehensionD7 Anna wants some advice on how to make cartoons. She has asked Jason some questions in a chat room. Read the article and help Jason answer her questions in complete sentences.My chat roomAnna: After I've decided on the story of my cartoon, what should I do?Jason: .Anna: What should I do after that?Jason: .Anna: How do I make the characters and things appear to move?Jason: .Anna: What should I do next?Jason: .Anna: What should I do last?Jason: .More practiceA Read the magazine article and answer the questions below.Tom and JerryTom the cat and Jerry the mouse are two of the most popular cartoon characters in the world. In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry, but he never has any success. Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at him. The stories are full of fun and have a long history.William Hanna and Joseph Barbera both worked for MGM in the late 1930s. Their boss told them to make funny cartoons. Together they thought of the idea of a cat and a mouse. They thought it would be funny if the mouse was clever and always got the cat into trouble.The first Tom and Jerry cartoon was shown in cinemas in 1940. It was a great success. Over the next 17 years, they made many Tom and Jerry cartoons. Most of them are around seven minutes long.In total, Hanna and Barbera made 114 Torn and Jerry cartoons. The cartoons were so good that they won a number of awards. The famous cat and mouse remain popular today, as the cartoons are stillshown on television around the world.1Who thought of the idea of Tom and Jerry?2When was the first Tom and Jerry cartoon shown in cinemas?3How long do most Tom and Jerry cartoons last?4 How many Torn and Jerry cartoons were made in total?Unit 5 Save the endangered animalsTHE GINAT PANDAGiant Panda Fact FilePopulation In the world: about 1,600Appearance Weight at birth: about 100-200 gramsAdult weight: about 100-150 kilogramsColour: black and whiteA giant panda is a kind of bear. It has a white face with black patches around its eyes. It also has black ears, shoulders and legs. The rest of its body is white.Home: Pandas live high up in the mountains of Central and Western China. They live in the bamboo f orests there.Food: Pandas in the wild usually eat bamboo. In zoos, their menu includes bamboo, apples and carrots. A giant panda can eat as much as 30 kilograms of bamboo a day.Behavior: Pandas like to live on their own. They need to eat a lot to stay healthy, so they spend more than 12 hours a day eating. Although they are big and heavy, it is not difficult for them to climb trees. They are strong enough to protect themselves.Life: Pandas live for about 20 years in the wild, but in zoos they can live for up to 35 years.The future: People are cutting down forests, so the pandas are losing their homes. Some peopleare killing them for their fur. It is cruel of them to do so. There are not many pandas in the world now. It is important for us to protect them.C VocabularyCl The words in italics are from the article. Circle their correct meanings.1 The giant panda has a small population.a the total weight of animals in an areab the total number of animals in an area2 Not many pandas live in the wild because there is not enough food for them.a a natural environment not controlled by peopleb a dangerous place3 A giant panda is tiny at birth.a when it diesb when it is horn4 A giant panda is about two to three feet tall at the shoulder.a the part of body between the arms and the neckb the top of the head5 Shaanxi is in Central China. You can see pandas there.a the middle ofb the area aroundC2 complete the passage with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.adult in the wild populationat birth kilogramRabbit fact fileA rabbit weighs between 0.4 and 2 and can live for upto 12 years. However, a rabbit ___________carp seldom live for more than a year.___________, a baby rabbit cannot see. An rabbit cannot see very far, but it can see behind itself without turning its head.Adult rabbits can give birth to many baby rabbits, and their can grow very quickly.This can cause problems to farmers, because rabbits like to eat the farmers' vegetables.D ComprehensionD7 Mandy wrote a passage about pandas for the school newspaper, but she has made some mistakes. Read the article and help her correct the mistakes.Please help us!Hello. I am a panda. My home is in Central and Southern China. I live close to the mountains. I have a black face with white patches around my eyes. I also have black ears, shoulders and legs. I love eating bamboo and I spend more than 18 hours a day eating.There are about 3,000 of us in the wild. However, some people are still killing us for our teeth. Please help us!D2 You are writing about the future of the giant panda. Read the article again and complete the notes below. You may also add some other facts.Why are giant pandas endangered?•They are losing their homes because .••More practiceA Read the article and answer the questions below.The story of the red-crowned craneHave you ever heard of the song "The story of the red-crowned crane"? It is about a girl called Xu Xiujuan.Xiujuan was born in Zhalong, Heilongjiang Province in 1964. Her father's job was to look after red-crowned cranes. Xiujuan started helping her father when she was young. She soon showed a great love for these white birds. She became good at raising them.When Xiujuan was 21, she got a job at a nature reserve in Jiangsu Province. She enjoyed taking care of the baby cranes. If a bird became sick, she took good care of it and stayed with it every day until it was strong enough to fly again.In September 1987, one of the birds went missing. The workers in the nature reserve looked everywhere, but no one could find it. Xiujuan was very worried. She looked for it day and night for two days. On the second night, while she was looking for the missing bird, she fell into a river and died. She was only 23.Later, a song was written in memory of Xiujuan. Though Xiujuan died young, people always remember her when they hear the song or see a red-crowned crane.1How did Xu Xiujuan take care of the red-crowned cranes at the nature reserve in Jiangsu Province? 2what happened to Xu Xiujuan in September 1987?3 why was the song "The story of the red-crowned crane" written?Unit 6 PetsHEAD TO HEADIs it a good idea to keep pet dogs? Emma and Matt give their opinions on the matter.Keeping pet dogs is a good idea, says EmmaKeeping pet dogs is a good idea. There are lots of reasons for this.First, dogs are really cute. It’s nice to hold them in our arms, and it’s wonderful to see them grow u p.Second, we can learn responsibility from keeping dogs. We have to feed them, train them and play with them. According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people.Young people can learn how to care for others by keeping dogs.A dog will love you faithfully and bring you lots of happiness for many years.So I think it’s a good idea to keep pet dogs.Keeping pet dogs is not a good idea, says MattIt’s not a good idea to keep pet dogs.Pet dogs leave their hair on the floor, on beds and on sofas, and they need to be washed often. Dogs are noisy. Nearly all dogs bark at strangers. Some dogs bark more loudly than others. A few dogs bark all night. This stops people from getting any sleep. Not all dogs are friendly. A small number of p et dogs even attack people.What’s more, it’s common for people to live in flats. They have no choice but to keep their dogs i n small spaces. However, dogs need fresh air and large open spaces where they can run free. Finally, owning dogs can be expensive.So keeping pet dogs is not a good idea.C VocabularyCl The words in italics explain the meanings of some words from the article. Find the words to complete the sentences.1 The girl likes the small cat because it is pretty and lovely. She likes animals.2 Do not give food to the bears. It. You them, they might attack you.3 everyone was excited about the Olympics. Almost all the families in the country werewatching the games on TV.4 It is for students to make these mistakes. Such mistakes happen ofen.5 You take this exam. Everyone in the school must take it.C2 Complete the conversation with the words from the box below.according to cute feed noisy sofa strangerEmma: Mum! The rabbits are so .Can you buy me one?Mum: I don't think they make Very good pets. They smell, and they'll get the and the floor dirty.Emma: my friend, a rabbit makes a great pet. It isn't like a dog.Mum: But you won't have time to it and take care of it. Also, it's not a good idea to buy a pet in the street from a .D ComprehensionD1 Read the following statements and decide whether they are F (Facts) or O (Opinions).1 According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people. F/O2 A dog will love you faithfully and bring you lots of happiness for many years. F/O3 Nearly all dogs bark at strangers. F/O4 Keeping pet dogs is not a good idea. F/OD2 Emma and Matt have given us many reasons to support their opinions. Read the article again and complete the notes below.Emma's opinion: keeping pet dogs is a good ideaEmma's reasons:• Dogs are .• People can learn .• Young people can learn how to .• Dogs will love you faithfully and bring you lots of happiness for .Matt's opinion: keeping pet dogs is not a good ideaMatt's reasons:•Pet dogs leave their everywhere, and they need to be washed often.•Dogs are . Most dogs bark at .•Not all dogs are . A small number of pet dogs even .•People keep their dugs in . The dogs cannot run free.•Owning dogs can be .More practiceA Read the story about Robbie, Emma 's pet dug. Then put the pictures in the correct order by writing the numbers 1-4 in the boxes.A dog's storyMy name is Robbie. I was born on a farm with my brothers and sisters.One day, a man and two little boys came to the farm."Which dog do you want?" the man asked."We want that one!" the boys said. They chose me!They drove me to my new home in the city. The boys promised they would look after me very carefully, and they did.They fed me, played with me and walked me every day. Then one day, they got a computer. After that, the boys played computer games all the time. They did not play with me or feed me any more. Eventually the boys' father took me to a pct centre. He told the staff that his boys loved their computer more than me. The centre gave me lots of food and took good care of me. One day, a nice girl called Emma came to visit."Do you want to come home with me?" she asked."Woof !" I said. She smiled and took me home.Emma feeds me and takes me for walks every day. I know I will live here happily for the rest of my life.Unit 7 The unknown worldALIENS ARRIVETina woke up at midnight. She looked out of her window and saw a yellow light in the sky. It suddenly dived towards the ground. She heard a noise and saw a red light.The next morning, Tina mentioned it to her brother Tom. “I’m sure something landed in the forest near the hills as I heard a loud noise last night.” she said. “Let’s explore after school.”At 6 p.m., Tina and Tom reached the forest. They heard some voices speaking a strange language, so they hid behind some bushes and kept quiet. Then they saw an alien! It was tall, with a round head and a silver body. It was standing next to a long spaceship. The spaceship was damagedbecause of a crash.The children were frightened. Suddenly, another alien appeared from the bushes in front of them.It discovered them and made a terrible noise. The children ran away in fear.The next morning, Tina and Tom told their parents about the strange creatures.“They were very ugly. They had some hair, but they didn’t have any feathers,” said Tina.“There was something written on the spaceship,” said Tom. “It looked like this. I wonder what it mean s.” He drew some lines on a piece of paper.But Dad said, “Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you. Now go to school!” Th e children spread their wings and flew to school together. Dad looked at the piece of paper with the str ange marks on it. “It looks strange,” he said, as he looked at the word “EARTH”.C VocabularyCl Read the following sentences from the story. Circle the correct meanings for the words in italics below.1 ... they hid behind sonic bushes and kept quiet.a did not niake any noiseb stayed in a place without any people2 It discovered them and made a terrible noise!a softb not pleasant3 The children ran away in fear.a feeling tiredb feeling afraid4 The children spread their wings and flew to school together.a opened ... outwardsb put ... together5 Dad looked at the piece of paper with the strange marks on it.。
1:part-time job 兼职工作2:travel agency 旅行社3:be at work在工作4:look up抬头看；查阅5:glance at扫一眼6:stare at盯着看7:walk over to走到… 8:prefer…to宁愿…而不愿9:body language肢体语言10:get a chance to do sth. 得到时机做某事11:make a good impression on留下好的印象12:hold up抬头；耽误13:decide to do sth. 决定做某事14:smile at sb. 对某人微笑15:at once=right away 立刻，马上16:remind sb about/of sth提醒某人某事17. Think it over. 考虑18:agree with sb同意某人的意见19:work as+职业：做什么职业20:one another互相〔三者以上〕21:during the summer holidays22:instead of代替，而不是23:look down往下看，蔑视24. be angery with sb.【注意区别】1）what does she look like用来询问一个人的外貌长相是怎么样的，表达外貌时，描述特征时用主系表结构，人体局部描述的谓语用have/has连句子。
如---What does Jim look like吉姆长得怎么样？----He is very thin and tall. He has short hair.拓展---what is Lucy like 露西性格怎么样？〔what’s …like 人怎么样〕----She's very friendly. 她很友好。
2）That lady told him how to send it in the fastest and cheapest way.tell sb to do sth告诉某人去做某事。
上教社牛津版八年级英语（下册）课文与翻译Unitl Helping those in needVoluntary workThree teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays. They wrote the following reports.I did some voluntary work in a children's hospital. The children there all suffer from serious illness. Wc organized a painting competition for them.I met a girl called Cindy. She wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. I went there and took some photos of it. Cindy used them for her painting.BettyThere are many children without parents. I met some of these children with my mother. We taught them to tell stories. This helps them express their feelings. One child said," My friends don't understand my pain'1.Wc spent some time with a girl called Vivien. Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. She needs friendship. My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.MarkI wanted to help disabled children. They have difficulty walking or moving. I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.I met a boy called Tim. He hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage. We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits. I will continue to do voluntary work in the future.Annie第一单元：帮助需要帮助的人义务性工作三名青少年主动提出在学校放假期间做一些义务性工作。
11. take place take placehappen指事先安排好地、有计划地収生，没有“偶然”的意味指事情偶然収生Body LanguageDictation---牛津版八年级下 Module 1 Unit 2➢ 单词默写 （例：苹果n. apple ）➢ 短语默写Words and phrases发生；进行注意：take place 属于“两无”劢词，无迚行无被劢拓展：take placeVS happen例：Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.自从 1978 年以来，中国収生了巨大的发化。
A car accident happened just now. 刚刚収生了一起事故。
1. 肢体语言 3. 坐起来；坐直 5. 提醒某人某事2. 収生4. 给…留下好印象1. 语言 3. 芭蕾舞 5. 拒绝接叐 7. 手势9. 厌倦的；烦闷的 11. 衣着入时的 2. 4. 6. 8. 交流；交际 接叐（建议、邀请等） 意义；意思 信息；消息 10. 12. 14. 16. 18. 20. 22. 24. 26.兼职的 女士 怎么了 外貌；外表 向；朝 以后；后来 颈；脖子 点头 确信；肯定叹气 13. 15. 表情；神色 17. 印象 19. 使保持 21. 提醒；使想起 23. 使交叉 25. 握手；摇头2. well-dressed 4. remind adj. 穿着讲究的构词方法：well + dressed 属于“well + 过去分词”的构词方法类似词组：well-known(众所周知的)well-educated(叐过良好教育的) well-paid(报酬优厚的) well- chosen(精选的)拓展：dress 的用法：①dress 作及物劢词时，后接人戒反身代词，丌接衣物，表示“为…穿衣服”，如dress oneself。
8B Unit2 Body language早读材料I 短语:1. consider sb. (as) a genius把某人当作天才2. a person with a good sense of humour很有幽默感的人3. receive invitations to do收到邀请做…4. on one's way to... 在去…的路上5. give a series of lectures for sb为...做一系列演讲6. learn...by heart牢记在心7. join in the applause加入鼓掌行列中8. listen to sb. do sth.听某人做某事9. They left school, with Tom driving.他们离开学校,Tom开着车.10. if necessary如果有必要11. a ticket for...一张…的票12. make sb. do sth.使某人做某事13. have a good memory有好的记忆力14. during his life在他一生中15. spend time doing sth.花时间做16. be remembered(by sb.) for sth.因…被人记住17. the ability to do Maths做数学的能力18. be close to...和…很接近19. obey one's instructions遵照某人的指令20. reduce the gravity of the Earth减少地心引力reduce to下降到(结果)reduce by以…下降(幅度)21. over the next few days接下来的几天里22. leave a message for sb.留下口信给某人23. take a message to sb.捎口信给某人24. side by side肩并肩25. be honest with sb.对诚实26. in return作为回报27. help sb.do/with sth.帮助某人做某事with one's help在某人的帮助下28. a series of一系列29. turning point转折点30. discover the law of gravity发现万有引力定律31. at the same time同时二、同义词组1. well dressed=wearing nice clothes穿着讲究的2. appearance= the way sb. or sth. looks外表3.hold= keeping sth. in a place使保持4. expression= the look on one’s face表情5. remind= help sb. remember提醒6. reject=don’ t accept拒绝7.What' 's wrong?=What's the matter?怎么了8. take place= happen发生9. be bored with=be not interested in对不感兴趣10. make a good impression on sb.= give sb. a good impression给人留下好印象三、词形变化1.mind(n.)脑子,想法---(v)当心,注意2. humour (n)幽默---a sense of humour幽默感---humourous (adj)幽默的3. regard A as B 把…看做… --- sth. be regarded as… 被看做---Best regards致以诚挚问候4. invite(v)邀请--- invitation(n)邀请5. difficult (adj.) ---difficulty(n)困难6. avoid doing.避免做某事--- avoid sb.躲开--- avoid accidents防止事故7. perfect(adj)完美的---imperfect(ad.)不完美的---perfectly(adv)完美地8. achieve(v)达成;完成---achievement(n)成就，成绩，功绩9. exact(adj.)准确的---exactly(adv)准确地10. memory(n)记忆力--- memorize(v)记忆11.describe(v.)描述,描绘--- description(n.) 描述,描绘12 . science(n.)科学---scientist(n)科学家--- scientific(adj)科学的,严谨的13. trouble(n./v)麻烦--- have trouble in doing something做…有困难14.harm(n./v)伤害---harmful /harmless(adj)有害的/无害的---do harm to=harm sth. =be harmful to15. distant(adj.)遥远的---- distance(n.)距离四.课文重点1.She looked at Debbie and Simon, and then walked over to Debbie.她看看西蒙和戴比,然后朝戴比走去。
