当前位置:文档之家› 专题5.5 三角恒等变换(解析版)

专题5.5 三角恒等变换(解析版)

专题5.5 三角恒等变换(解析版)
专题5.5 三角恒等变换(解析版)

专题5.5 三角恒等变换

姓名:__________________ 班级:______________ 得分:_________________ 注意事项:

本试卷满分100分,考试时间45分钟,试题共16题.答卷前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级等信息填写在试卷规定的位置.

一、选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分)在每小题所给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.

1.(2020·湖南省岳阳县第一中学高三月考)已知α为锐角,sin

2

α

=

,则cos 2πα??+ ???=( )

A .4

5

-

B .

35

C .

35 D .

45

【答案】A

【解析】因为α为锐角,所以

0,24α

π??∈ ???

所以cos 25α

==,

所以4

cos sin 2sin cos 2222555

παααα??

+

=-=-=-??=- ?

?

?.故选:A. 2.(2020·河南南阳?高一期末)已知向量()()cos ,,2,1a sin b θθ==-,且a b ⊥,则tan 4πθ?

?

- ?

?

?

的值是( ) A .

13

B .3-

C .3

D .13

-

【答案】A

【解析】由(cos ,sin ),(2,1)a b θθ==-,且a b ⊥,得2cos sin 0θθ-=,即tan 2θ=.

tan tan

2114tan 412131tan tan 4

π

θπθπθ--??∴-=

== ?+??

?+?,故选A . 3.(2020·全国高三其他(文)

)设sin cos 6παα?

?

+

= ??

?,则cos 23πα??-= ???( ) A .57

25

-

B .

5725

C .725

-

D .

725

【答案】D

【解析】

依题意,1sin cos cos 225ααα?

+?=-

,即3sin cos 225

αα?+?=

,则 1sin 2α?

+4

cos 25

α?=,即4cos 65πα??-= ???,

故2167cos 22cos 2121332525ππαα????

-=--=?-=

? ?????

,故选:D. 4.(2020·云南省云天化中学高一期末)若02

<<π

α,

02

π

β-<<,1cos()4

3

πα+=

,cos()42πβ-=

,则cos()2

β

α+

=( )

A

B

.C

D

.-

【答案】C

【解析】cos()cos[()()]2442β

ππβ

αα+

=+--cos()cos 442ππβα??=+- ???

sin()sin()442ππβ

α++-, 而

3(,)444π

ππα+∈,(,)4242

πβππ-∈

,因此sin()43πα+=

,sin()42πβ-=,

则1cos()23β

α+

==

C 5.(2020·辽宁沈阳?高一期中)已知α为锐角,β

为钝角且cos α=,tan 3

β=-,则αβ+的值为( )

A .

3

4

π B .

23

π C .

3

π D .

4

π 【答案】A

【解析】由α

为锐角且cos 5

α=

,得sin α==,则sin 1tan cos 2ααα=

=, 则1

(3)

tan tan 2tan()111tan tan 1(3)2

αβ

αβαβ+-++=

==---?-, 又(0,

),(,)22

π

παβπ∈∈,则3(,)22ππαβ+∈,得34αβπ+=.故选:A.

6.(2020·山西应县一中高一期中(文))函数11

cos 2sin 22

y x x =

-+的值域是( ) A .[]1,1-

B .51,4??

????

C .[]0,2

D .51,4??

-????

【答案】D

【解析】()

2

22111115cos2sin 12sin sin sin sin 1sin 222224y x x x x x x x ??=-+=--+=--+=-+ ?+?

? 当 1

sin 2

x =-

时,函数11cos 2sin 22y x x =-+有最大值 54;

当sin 1x =时,函数11

cos 2sin 22

y x x =

-+有最小值 1-,

函数11cos 2sin 22y x x =

-+的值域是51,4??

-????

,故选:D. 7.(2020·江苏省响水中学高一月考)(多选)下列各式中值为

1

2

的是( ) A .2sin75cos75??

B .2

12sin

12

π

-

C .sin 45cos15cos45sin15??-??

D .tan 20tan 25tan 20tan 25?+?+??

【答案】AC

【解析】A. 1

2sin 75cos75sin150sin 302

??=?=?=

,正确;

B. 2

12sin cos

12

6

π

π

-==

,不正确; C. 1

sin 45cos15cos 45sin15sin 302

??-??=?=

,正确; D. tan 20tan 25tan 4511tan 20tan 25?+?

?==-???

,故tan 20tan 25tan 20tan 251?+?+??=,不正确.

故选:AC .

8.(2020·山东青岛?高三一模)已知函数22()sin cos cos f x x x x x =+-,x ∈R ,

则( ) A .2()2f x -≤≤ B .()f x 在区间(0,)π上只有1个零点

C .()f x 的最小正周期为π

D .3

x π

=

为()f x 图象的一条对称轴

【答案】ACD

【解析】已知函数22

()sin cos cos 2cos22sin(2)6

f x x x x x x x x π

=+--=-,x ∈R ,

则A 、2()2f x -正确, B 、

当26

x k π

π-=,k Z ∈,即212

k x ππ

=

+,k Z ∈,()f x 在区间(0,)π上只有2个零点,则()f x

在区间(0,)π上只有1个零点错误,

C 、()f x 的最小正周期为π,正确

D 、当3

x π

=

时,函数()2sin(2)6

f x x π

=-

,x ∈R ,2sin 22336f πππ

????

=?-= ? ?????

所以3

x π

=

为()f x 图象的一条对称轴,正确.

故选:ACD .

二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接填写

在横线上)

9.(2020·赤峰二中高三三模(理))公元前6世纪,古希腊的毕达哥拉斯学派通过研究正五边形和正十边形的作图,发现了黄金分割值约为0.618,这一数值也可以表示为2sin18m =?.若

2

4m

n +=2

____.(用数字作答) 【答案】12

-

22

2cos54

2sin182cos18844sin 18-=?-= sin 361

2sin 362

-=

=-

10.(2020·河南宛城?南阳中学高一月考)设当x θ=时,函数()sin f x x x =取得最大值,则tan 4πθ??

+

= ??

?

________.

【答案】2

【解析】()sin 2sin 3f x x x x π??

==+

??

?

当x θ=时,函数()f x 取得最大值2,3

2

k k z π

π

θπ∴+

=

+∈;

26

k π

θπ∴=

+,k z ∈;

1tan()tan(2)tan()246446k πππππθπ+

∴+=++=+==. 11.(2020·辽宁沈阳?

高一期中)已知2cos sin αβ+=32sin cos 2αβ-=,则sin()αβ-=

_____________. 【答案】

1

2

【解析】22223

2cos sin (2cos sin )4cos 4cos sin sin (1)4

αβαβααββ+=

?+=?++=,

22223392sin cos (2sin cos )()4sin 4sin cos cos (2),224

αβαβααββ-=?-=?-+=(1)(2)+得:

1

44cos sin 4sin cos 134(sin cos cos sin )2sin()2αβαβαβαβαβ+-+=?-=?-=

12.(2020·浙江宁波?高一期末)已知1cos()2αβ+=

,1

cos()3

αβ-=,则cos cos αβ=__,tan tan αβ=__.

【答案】

5

12 ﹣15

【解析】由于1cos()2

αβ+=

,故:1

cos cos sin sin 2αβαβ-=①,

同理:1cos()3

αβ-=

,故1

cos cos sin sin 3αβαβ+=②,

①+②得:115

2cos cos 236

αβ=

+=,

故:5cos cos 12

αβ=

②-①得:111

2sin sin 326

αβ=-=-,

故:1sin sin 12

αβ=-

, 则:sin sin 1

tan tan cos cos 5

αβαβαβ=

=-.

三、解答题(本大题共4小题,共40分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)

13.(2020·河南高一期末)已知()

()()

2cos cos 324

cos sin 2παπαπαπα??

+-- ???=-++-. (1)求tan α的值;

(2)若0βπ<<,且()1

tan 3

αβ-=

,求β. 【解析】(1)()()()()2cos cos 32sin cos 2sin cos 2tan 124cos sin 2cos sin sin cos tan 1

παπααααααπαπαααααα??

+-- ?-----??====-++---++ 解得1

tan 2

α=-;

(2)由两角差的正切公式得

()()()11tan tan 23tan tan 1111tan tan 123ααββααβααβ----=--===-????+-??+-?

???.

0βπ<<,因此,34

πβ=

. 14.(2016·湖南高一期末)已知α,β为锐角,且1

sin 7α=

,3cos()5

αβ+=.

(1)求sin()6

π

α+

的值;

(2)求cos β的值.

【解析】(1)∵α,β为锐角,1sin 7α=

,∴cos α==

∴sin sin cos cos sin 666πππααα?

?

+

=+ ?

?

?=1172=(2)∵,αβ为锐角,∴()0,αβπ+∈,

由()3cos 5

αβ+=

得,()4sin 5αβ+==

∴()()()cos cos cos cos sin sin βαβααβααβα=+-=+++????

=341557+?=

15.(2020·陕西渭滨高一期末)已知(sin ,2cos )a x x =,(2sin ,sin )b x x =,()f x a b =? (1)并求()f x 的最小正周期和单调增区间;

(2)若(0,

)2

x π

∈,求()f x 的值域.

【解析】(1)2()2sin 2sin cos f x x x x =+1cos2sin2x x =-+)14

x π

=

-+

()f x ∴的最小正周期为π.

由2222

4

2

k x k π

π

π

ππ-

≤-

≤+

得38

8

k x k π

π

ππ-

≤≤+

,(k Z ∈) 所以()f x 的单调增区间为3[])8

8

k k k Z π

πππ-

+

∈,(,

(2)由(1)得4

)1(2)x f x π

=

-+,

(0,)2x π

∈,3

2444

x πππ∴-<-<.

∴sin(2)124

x π-

<-≤,∴()f x 的值域为(

0??.

16.(2020·怀仁市第一中学校云东校区高一期末(理))已知函数()2

cos 2cos f x x x x =+.

(1)求函数()f x 图象的相邻两条对称轴的距离;

(2)求函数()f x 在区间63ππ??

-

???

?,上的最大值与最小值,以及此时x 的取值.

【解析】()2

cos 2cos 2cos 212sin 216f x x x x x x x π??=+=++=++ ??

?.

(1)函数()f x 图象的相邻两条对称轴的距离为

22

T π

=; (2)

5,,2,63666x x πππππ??

??∈-∴+∈-??????

??,

∴当26

2

x π

π

+

=

,即6

x π

=

时,()f x 取得最大值为3;

当π

π266

x

,即6x π

=-时,()f x 取得最小值为0.

第三章:三角恒等变换中角变换的技巧.

1 三角恒等变换中角变换的技巧 一、利用条件中的角表示目标中的角 例1 设a B为锐角,且满足cos a=, tan (a— 3= —,求cos B的值. 二、利用目标中的角表示条件中的角 例2 设a为第四象限的角,若=,贝U tan 2 a=___________________ . 三、注意发现互余角、互补角,利用诱导公式转化角 例3 已知sin=, 0

五、分子、分母同乘以2n sin a求COS acos 2 a cos 4 a ?os 8a??C0S 2n—1 a 的值 例 5 求值:sin 10 sin 30 sin 50 sin 70 ° 4聚焦三角函数最值的求解策略 一、化为y = Asin( 3x+(j)+ B的形式求解 例1求函数f(x =的最值. 例2 求函数y = sin2x + 2sin xcos x + 3cos2x的最小值,并写出y取最小值时x的集合. 二、利用正、余弦函数的有界性求解 例3求函数y =的值域. 例4求函数y =的值域. 三、转化为一元二次函数在某确定区间上求最值 例5 设关于x的函数y= cos 2x —2acos x—2a的最小值为f(a,写出f(a的表达式. 例 6 试求函数y = sin x + cos x + 2sin xcos x + 2 的最值. 四、利用函数的单调性求解 例7求函数y =的最值. 例8 在Rt A ABC内有一内接正方形,它的一条边在斜边BC上,设AB = a, / ABC = 0,△ ABC的面积为P,正方形面积为Q.求的最小值. 易错问题纠错 一、求角时选择三角函数类型不当而致错例1 已知sin话,sin护,a和B都是锐角,求a+ B的值.

简单三角恒等变换典型例题

简单三角恒等变换复习 一、公式体系 1、和差公式及其变形: (1)βαβαβαsin cos cos sin )sin(±=± ? )s i n (s i n c o s c o s s i n βαβαβα±=± (2)βαβαβαsin sin cos cos )cos( =± ? )c o s (s i n s i n c o s c o s βαβαβα±= (3)β αβ αβαtan tan 1tan tan )tan( ±= ± ? 去分母得 )t a n t a n 1)(tan(tan tan βαβαβα-+=+ )tan tan 1)(tan(tan tan βαβαβα+-=- 2、倍角公式的推导及其变形: (1)αααααααααcos sin 2sin cos cos sin )sin(2sin =+=+= ?ααα2sin 2 1 cos sin = ?2)cos (sin 2sin 1ααα±=± (2)ααααααααα22 sin cos sin sin cos cos )cos(2cos -=-=+= )sin )(cos sin (cos sin cos 2cos 22ααααααα-+=-=? 1 cos 2)cos 1(cos sin cos 2cos 22222-=--=-=?αααα αα?把1移项得αα2cos 22cos 1=+ 或 αα 2cos 2 2cos 1=+ 【因为α是 2α 的两倍,所以公式也可以写成 12cos 2cos 2-=αα 或 2cos 2cos 12αα=+ 或 2 c o s 2c o s 12αα=+ 因为α4是α2的两倍,所以公式也可以写成 12cos 24cos 2-=αα 或 αα2c o s 24c o s 12=+ 或 αα2c o s 24c o s 12 =+】 α α αααα22222sin 21sin )sin 1(sin cos 2cos -=--=-=? ?把1移项得αα2 sin 22cos 1=- 或 αα 2sin 2 2cos 1=- 【因为α是2 α 的两倍,所以公式也可以写成 2sin 21cos 2αα-= 或 2s i n 2c o s 12αα=- 或 2 s i n 2c o s 12αα=- 因为α4是α2的两倍,所以公式也可以写成 αα2sin 214cos 2-= 或 αα2s i n 24c o s 12 =- 或 αα2s i n 2 4c o s 12=-】

2019届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习短文改错专题训练:训练1 短文改错(Ⅰ)(含解析)

专题五短文改错 训练1 短文改错(Ⅰ) A (2019·东北三省四市一模) One of my happiest childhood memories were having dinner with my parents and two sisters.As a result, found that we seldom had a chance to get together, then we decided we would set aside three evenings the week for a sit-down dinner.First we tried setting three fixed days for our experiment—Mondays, Wednesdays or Fridays.After a couple of week of trying this plan, almost everyone was unhappy.For a while, the kids began to resist the idea.They said they would rather to spend the time with their friends or take part in some activities.Gradual, though, they began to see these evenings together for a very different way.We laughed a lot and we discussed about each other's problems.Since a few months, we all felt that we had been able to build much strong relationships with the family than we had before. 【答案】 One of my happiest childhood memories were was/is having dinner with my parents and two sisters.As a result, ∧ having found that we seldom had a chance to get together, then we decided we would set aside three evenings the a week for a sit-down dinner.First we tried setting three fixed days for our experiment—Mondays, Wednesdays or and Fridays.After a couple of week weeks of trying this plan, almost everyone was unhappy.For a while, the kids began to resist the idea.They said they would rather ﹨to spend the time with their friends or take part in some activities. Gradual Gradually, though, they began to see these evenings together for in a very different way.We laughed a lot and we discussed about each other's problems.Since After a few months, we all felt that we had been able to build much strong stronger relationships with the family than we had before. B (2019·河北唐山一模) A new police officer was out for his first ride in a police car with a experienced partner.A call came in told them to break up a crowd of people.The officers drove to the street and observe a

三角恒等变换问题(典型题型)

三角恒等变换问题 三角恒等变换是三角函数部分常考的知识点,是求三角函数极值与最值的一个过渡步骤,有时求函数周期求函数对称轴等需要将一个三角函数式化成一个角的一个三角函数形式,其中化简的过程就用到三角恒等变换,有关三角恒等变换常考的题型及解析总结如下,供大家参考。 例1 (式的变换---两式相加减,平方相加减) 已知11cos sin ,sin cos 2 3 αβαβ+=-=求sin()αβ-的值. 解:两式平方得,221 cos 2cos sin sin 4ααββ++= 两式相加得,1322(cos sin sin cos )36 αβαβ+-= 化简得,59sin()72 βα-=- 即59sin()72 αβ-= 方法评析:式的变换包括: 1、tan(α±β)公式的变用 2、齐次式 3、 “1”的运用(1±sin α, 1±cos α凑完全平方) 4、两式相加减,平方相加减 5、一串特殊的连锁反应(角成等差,连乘)

例2 (角的变换---已知角与未知角的转化) 已知7sin()24 25π αα-= =,求sin α及tan()3 π α+. 解:由题设条件,应用两角差的正弦公式得 )cos (sin 22)4sin(1027ααπα-=-=,即5 7 cos sin =-αα ① 由题设条件,应用二倍角余弦公式得 故5 1sin cos -=+αα ② 由①和②式得5 3sin =α,5 4cos -=α, 于是3 tan 4 α=- 故3 tan()34πα-+=== 方法评析: 1.本题以三角函数的求值问题考查三角变换能力和运算能力,可从已知角和所求角的内在联系(均含α)进行转换得到. 2.在求三角函数值时,必须灵活应用公式,注意隐含条件的使用,以防出现多解或漏解的情形. 例3(合一变换---辅助角公式)

高考英语各地短文改错汇编试题与解析

(全文由Peter编制)2016年高考试题分项解析之专题----短文改错 1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错(10 分) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. 2.【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 3.【2016·全国新课标III】短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. 4.【2016·四川】短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) It is Mother’s Day today.Though it’s a western festival, it’s popular in China now. Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I

最全面高中数学三角恒等式变形解题常用方法2021(完整版)

高中数学三角恒等式变形解题常用方法 一.知识分析 1. 三角函数恒等变形公式 (1)两角和与差公式 (2)二倍角公式 (3)三倍角公式 (4)半角公式 (5)万能公式 ,, (6)积化和差 , , ,

(7)和差化积 , , ,2.网络结构

3. 基础知识疑点辨析 (1)正弦、余弦的和差角公式能否统一成一个三角公式? 实际上,正弦、余弦的和角公式包括它们的差角公式,因为在和角公式中,是一个任意角,可正可负。另外,公式虽然形式不同,结构不同,但本质相同: 。

(2)怎样正确理解正切的和差角公式? 正确理解正切的和差角公式需要把握以下三点: ①推导正切和角公式的关键步骤是把公式,右边的“分子”、“分母”都除以,从而“化弦为切”,导出了。 ②公式都适用于为任意角,但运用公式时,必须限定,都不等于。 ③用代替,可把转化为,其限制条件同②。 (3)正弦、余弦、正切的和差角公式有哪些应用? ①不用计算器或查表,只通过笔算求得某些特殊角(例如15°,75°,105°角等)的三角函数值。 ②能由两个单角的三角函数值,求得它们和差角的三角函数值;能由两个单角的三角函数值与这两个角的范围,求得两角和的大小(注意这两个条件缺一不可)。 ③能运用这些和(差)角公式以及其它有关公式证明三角恒等式或条件等式,化简三角函 数式,要注意公式可以正用,逆用和变用。运用这些公式可求得简单三角函数式的最大值或最 小值。 (4)利用单角的三角函数表示半角的三角函数时应注意什么? 先用二倍角公式导出,再把两式的左边、右边分别相除,得到,由此得到的三个公式:,, 分别叫做正弦、余弦、正切的半角公式。公式中根号前的符号,由所在的象限来确定,如果没有给出限制符号的条件,根号前面应保持正、负两个符号。另外,容易 证明。 4. 三角函数变换的方法总结 三角学中,有关求值、化简、证明以及解三角方程与解几何问题等,都经常涉及到运用三 角变换的解题方法与技巧,而三角变换主要为三角恒等变换。三角恒等变换在整个初等数学中

2016年高考英语真题分类汇编:专题09-短文改错(解析版)

2016年高考试题分项解析之专题9短文改错 1.【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错(10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。学科&网 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. 【答案】 1. that →where 2. but去掉 3. had →have 4. honest→ honesty 5. or→ and 6. using →used 7. becoming前加of 8. the →a 9. our→ his 10. stead→steadily 【归纳总结】在英语中though、although、while或者as等引导的让步状语从句不和but连用;连词because不和so连用;此外,return不和back连用。 3. had →have 考查动词时态。文章是介绍现在的情况,应该用一般现在时。 4. honest→ honesty 考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀,用名词形式。而形容词honest 意思是“诚实的”,是指人的性格特点。

高考真题短文改错15篇解析

知识就是力量,学习提升竞争力 1对1 英语学科个性化教学辅导教案竞争力 篇高考短文改错真题15 ) Correction 1(2014课标全国Ⅰ一、,10处语言错误假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。并在其下面写出该加的词。在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),增加: 划掉。删除:把多余的词用斜线( 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。:在错的词下画一横线,修改; 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词注意:1. 处起)不计分。处,多者(从第11 2.只允许修改10 Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女 we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they for all these year—果)in our back garden. Since then— please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place

简单的三角恒等变换(基础)

第20讲:简单的三角恒等变换 【学习目标】 1.能用二倍角公式推导出半角的正弦、余弦、正切公式; 2.掌握公式应用的常规思路和基本技巧; 3.了解积化和差、和差化积公式的推导过程,能初步运用公式进行互化; 4.通过运用公式进行简单的恒等变换,进一步提高运用联系的观点、化归的思想方法处理问题的自觉性,体会换元思想的作用,发展推理能力和运算能力; 5.通过公式的推导,了解它们的内在联系和知识发展过程,体会特殊与一般的关系,培养利用联系的观点处理问题的能力. 【要点梳理】 要点一:升(降)幂缩(扩)角公式 升幂公式:21cos 22cos αα+=, 21cos 22sin αα-= 降幂公式:21cos 2cos 2αα+=,21cos 2sin 2 α α-= 要点诠释: 利用二倍角公式的等价变形:2 1cos 2sin 2α α-=,2 1cos 2cos 2 α α+=进行“升、降幂”变 换,即由左边的“一次式”化成右边的“二次式”为“升幂”变换,逆用上述公式即为“降幂”变换. 要点二:辅助角公式 1.形如sin cos a x b x +的三角函数式的变形: sin cos a x b x + x x ??? 令cos ??= = sin cos a x b x + )sin cos cos sin x x ??+ )x ?+ (其中?角所在象限由,a b 的符号确定,?角的值由tan b a ?= 确定, 或由sin ?= 和cos ?= 2.辅助角公式在解题中的应用 通 过 应 用 公 式 sin cos a x b x + = )x ?+(或 sin cos a x b x + =)α?-),将形如sin cos a x b x +(,a b 不同时为零)收缩为一

专题10 备战高中高考英语短文改错-2021高考英语短文改错专项练习(解析版)

改错专项10 1.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:⒈每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; ⒉只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 I enjoy getting up early so I can have early start to the day.I don't like leaving my work until the last minutes.I always do the things I like least first and then do those I like them better.When I am freely, I read books or hang out with my good friends.I will tell him about it if something bothers me.To cheering me up, they often tell me jokes and help me to find a way out.I also use a good method of deal with stress.I try to go to places that I feel really relaxed, like lying on the grass on a warmth day.The method often work and makes me feel peaceful. 【答案】①early前面加an ②minutes→minute ③them 去掉④freely→free ⑤him→them ⑥cheering→cheer ⑦deal→dealing ⑧that→where ⑨warmth→warm ⑩work→works 【解析】 ①考查冠词。start可以用作名词,start用作可数名词的基本意思是“开始,出发,起点”,可指做某件事情的开始,也可指某件事情的开始地点,是可数名词。 句意:我喜欢早起,这样我就可以早点开始新的一天。start为可数名词,此处表示泛指且early为元音音素开头的单词,故early前加an。 ②考查名词。句意:我不喜欢把工作留到最后一刻。根据上文the last"最后的;最后一个"后跟单数名词,故minutes 改为minute。 ③考查代词。句意:我总是先做我最不喜欢的事,然后再做我更喜欢的事。本句为定语从句修饰those ,且作like的宾语,省略了连接词that/which。故them去掉。 ④考查形容词。句意:当我有空的时候,我读书或和我的好朋友出去玩。根据上文am可知应跟形容词作表语,故freely改为free。 ⑤考查代词。句意:如果有什么事困扰我,我会告诉他们的。此处指上文my good friends,故him 改为them。 ⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:为了让我高兴起来,他们经常给我讲笑话,帮助我想解决办法。本句为不定式作目的状语,故cheering 改为cheer。 ⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:我也用一个很好的方法来处理压力。of为介词后跟动名词做宾语,故deal 改

123原版全短文改错解析2017,2016年全国II卷

短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:把缺词处加一个漏符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 2012·新课标II I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive . From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy . I was happy when the toys worked , but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it . For a while parents bought me new toys . But before long they began to see which was happening . When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train , my father said, "That's it . No more toys to you." My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience . I must make my toys to last . My attitude changed from then on. 2013·新课标II The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800’s. Have t ea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry. 2014全国II卷 My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day. My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends. 2015全国II卷 One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later. Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad an d I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again. 2016年全国II卷 The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from

三角恒等式证明9种基本技巧

三角恒等式证明9种基本技巧 三角恒等式的证明是三角函数中一类重要问题,这类问题主要以无条件和有条件恒等式出现。根据恒等式的特点,可采用各种不同的方法技巧,技巧常从以下各个方面表示出来。 1.化角 观察条件及目标式中角度间联系,立足于消除角间存在的差异,或改变角的表达形式以便更好地沟通条件与结论使之统一,或有利于公式的运用,化角是证明三角恒等式时一种常用技巧。 例1求证:tan 23x - tan 21x =x x x 2cos cos sin 2+ 思路分析:本题的关键是角度关系:x=23x -2 1 x ,可作以下证明: 2.化函数 三角函数中有几组重要公式,它们不仅揭示了角间的关系,同时揭示了函数间的相互关系,三角变换中,以观察函数名称的差异为主观点,以化异为为同(如化切为弦等)的思路,恰当选用公式,这也是证明三角恒等式的一种基本技巧。 例2 设A B A tan )tan(-+A C 22sin sin =1,求证:tanA 、tanC 、tanB 顺次成等比数列。 思路分析:欲证tan 2 C = tanA ·tanB ,将条件中的弦化切是关键。 3.化幂 应用升、降幂公式作幂的转化,以便更好地选用公式对面临的问题实行变换,这也是三角恒等式证明的一种技巧。 例3求证 cos4α-4cos2α+3=8sin 4 α 思路分析:应用降幂公式,从右证到左:

将已知或目标中的常数化为特殊角的函数值以适应求征需要,这方面的例子效多。如 1=sin 2 α+cos 2 α=sec 2 α-tan 2 α=csc 2 α-cot 2 α=tan αcot α=sin αcsc α=cos αsec α,1=tan450 =sin900 =cos00 等等。如何对常数实行变换,这需要对具体问题作具体分析。 例4 求证 αααα2 2sin cos cos sin 21--=α α tan 1tan 1+- 思路分析:将左式分子中“1”用“sin 2 α+cos 2 α”代替,问题便迎刃而解。 5.化参数 用代入、加减、乘除及三角公式消去参数的方法同样在证明恒等式时用到。 例5 已知acos 2 α+bsin 2 α=mcos 2 β,asin 2 α+bcos 2 α=nsin 2 β,mtan 2 α=ntan 2 β(β≠n π) 求证:(a+b)(m+n)=2mn 6.化比 一些附有积或商形式的条件三角恒等式证明问题,常可考虑应用比例的有关定理。用等比定理,合、分比定理对条件加以变换,或顺推出结论,或简化条件,常常可以为解题带来方便。 例6 已知(1+ cos α)(1- cos β)=1- 2 ( ≠0,1)。求证:tan 2 2α= -+11tan 22 β 思路分析:综观条件与结论,可考虑从条件中将 分离出来,以结论中 -+11为向导,应用合比定理即可达到论证之目的。

2019届高考英语(通用版)二轮复习短文改错专题训练:训练2 短文改错(Ⅱ)(含解析)

训练2 短文改错(Ⅱ) A (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Nearly five years before,and with the help by our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.As result,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 【答案】 Nearly five years before ago,and with the help by of our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since then—for all these year years—we had have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.As ∧ a result,the plants are growing somewhere everywhere.The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste tasty.There are so much many that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but 或yet we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully wonderful tomatoes at no cost! B (2019·南昌一模) A woman was taken to the hospital.While having an operation, she had a nearly death experience.Seeing God, she asked how this was it.God said,“No, you had another 40 years.”On recovery the women decided to have a plastic surgery.She had someone change her hair color, thinking since she had so many time to live, she'd better make full use from it.Finally she got out of the hospital.While crossing the street, she killed by an ambulance speeded by.Arriving in the front of God, she demanded,“They said I had another 40 years!” God replied, “But I didn't recognize you.” 【答案】 A woman was taken to the hospital.While having an operation, she had a nearly near death experience.Seeing God, she asked how if/whether this was it.God said, “No, you had have another 40

三角恒等变换考点典型例题

江苏省成化高级中学09届一轮复习三角专题(二) 三角恒等变换 一、考点、要点、疑点: 考点:1、掌握两角和与差的正弦、余弦、正切; 2、理解二倍角的正弦、余弦、正切; 3、了解几个三角恒等式; 要点: 1、 两角和与差的正弦、余弦、正切公式及其变形 2、 二倍角的正弦、余弦、正切公式及其变形 3、 )sin(cos sin 22?ωωω++= ?+=x B A y x B x A y 4、 几个三角恒等式的推导、证明思路与方法 疑点: 1、在三角的恒等变形中,注意公式的灵活运用,要特别注意角的各种变换. (如,)(αβαβ-+=,)(αβαβ+-= ?? ? ??--??? ??-=+βαβαβα222 等) 2、三角化简的通性通法:从函数名、角、运算三方面进行差异分析,常用的技巧有: 切割化弦、用三角公式转化出现特殊角、 异角化同角、异名化同名、高次化低次 3、辅助角公式:()θ++=+x b a x b x a sin cos sin 22(其中θ角所在的象限由a, b 的符 号确定,θ角的值由a b =θtan 确定)在求最值、化简时起着重要作用。 二、激活思维: 1、下列等式中恒成立的有 ① βαβαβαsin cos cos sin )sin(?-?=- ② βαβαβαsin sin cos cos )cos(?-?=- ③ )]sin()[sin(21 cos sin βαβαβα-++=? ④ )]cos()[cos(2 1 sin sin βαβαβα--+=? 2、化简: ① 0 53sin 122sin 37sin 58cos += ② )sin()sin()cos()cos(βαβαβαβα+-++?-= 3、已知),2 ( ,5 3cos ππ θθ∈-=,则)3 cos( θπ -= ,)23 cos( θπ -= 4、若αtan 、βtan 是方程0652 =-+x x 的两根,则)tan( βα+=

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档