初中英语定语从句专题讲解及复习
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定语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)1.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
如:This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.这是他为我生日送的礼物。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?你认识来宴会的每一位吗?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.这是毛主席曾经居住过的地方。
2.关系代词和关系副词的具体用法(1)who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
如:The person who broke the window must pay for it.打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.穿黑色夹克的男孩非常聪明。
(2)whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
如:Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗?Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.你要见的李先生已经来了。
(3)whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。
如:The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.她妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。
I know the boy whose father is a professor.我认识他父亲是教授的那个男孩。
(4)which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。
如:A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解释单词意思的书。
初中英语语法专题—定语从句讲解一、什么是定语从句?定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,并对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
二、引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词主要有:that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- that用于修饰物,常用来引导限制性定语从句;- which用于修饰物,既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句;- who用于修饰人,常用来引导限制性定语从句;- whom用于修饰人,在非正式情况下,常省略为who,也可以引导非限制性定语从句;- whose表示所属关系,修饰人或物;- when表示时间,在定语从句中用来引导时间状语从句;- where表示地点,在定语从句中用来引导地点状语从句。
三、定语从句的位置和用法定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句尾,用来修饰名词或代词。
它可以进一步说明名词的性质、特征、来源等。
以下是一些示例:1. The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2. The girl, who is wearing a red dress, is my sister.who is wearinga red dress, is my sister.那个穿红裙子的女孩是我的妹妹。
3. The city where I was born is very beautiful.where I was born is very beautiful.我出生的城市非常美丽。
4. I have a friend whose father is a doctor.whose father is a doctor.我有一个朋友,他的父亲是医生。
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】定语从句中考高频考点总结(讲义)九年级英语教研室整理概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。
关系词的作用:1、放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用。
2、在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
注:限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.(that作宾语,可以省略)用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. (作宾语可以省略), whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。
例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(作主语)Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?(作宾语)特别注意:1)当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时,可省略。
中考英语之定语从句1. 定语从句:在名词,代词或一个句子后作定语的从句。
定语从句由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。
例:Do you know the teacher who gave us the talk this morning?先行词关系代词who引导的定语从句2. 定语从句有时不直接紧跟着先行词,中间由其他成分隔开。
例:There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand. 先行词关系代词that引导的定语从句在他的眼睛里有一个我不能理解的表情。
3. that 指物和人。
在从句中作主语和宾语。
例:Jim told us a story that was very interesting.(that指物,在定语从句作主语)吉姆给我们讲了一个很有趣的故事。
The boy that you gave the pen to just now is twelve years old.(that指人,在定语从句作to的宾语)你刚才把钢笔给他的那个男孩是12岁。
4. which 指物,在从句中作主语和宾语。
例:Her shop is a shop which sells medicine. (which指物,在定语从句中作主语)她的的商店是一家卖药的商店。
The film which we saw last night was wonderful.(which指物,在定语从句中作宾语)我们昨晚看得电影是很精彩的。
5. who 指人,在从句中作主语。
例:The man who visited our class yesterday is our new teacher. (who指人,在定语从句中作主语)昨天参观了我们班的人是我们新来的老师。
6. whom 指人,在从句中,作动词和介词的宾语,口语中可用who代替whom。