形容词讲义

高考英语形容词与副词一、形容词（1）作定语，常用来修饰名词或代词。

These are valuable suggestions.（这些是宝贵的建议。

）I have something important to tell you.（我有重要的事情要告诉你。

）（2）作表语，放在系动词之后说明主语的情况。

His suggestions are valuable.（他的建议很有价值。

）I felt terrible this morning.（我今天早上感到不舒服。

）（3）作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后对宾语加以修饰说明。

You must keep your eyes closed.（你必须闭上眼睛。

）I find it hard to travel around the big city.（我发现在这个大城市旅行很难。

）（4）作状语，用以说明情况。

Curious, we went into the cave.（出于好奇，我们进了洞里。

）He returned home, safe and sound.（他回到了家，安然无恙。

）形容词作定语时一般置于被修饰词前作前置定语，下列情况中形容词通常后置于被修饰词。

（1）修饰something，anybody，nobody，anything等复合不定代词时There is nothing wrong with the machine.（机器什么问题都没有。

）（2）形容词词组作定语时She bought a book suitable for children.（她买了本适合孩子们的图书。

）（3）修饰表示数量的词要后置The baby is only five months old.（这个婴儿仅有五个月大。

）（4）enough作形容词修饰名词时，一般放在名词之前，也可放在名词之后We don't bring enough money.（我们没带够钱。

）There‘ll be time enough to relax when you’ve finished your work.（你完成工作后会有足够的时间来放松。

形容词副词定义：中文的意思是“……的”的词是形容词，用来修饰名词；中文意思是“……地”的词是副词，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词形容词与副词在句中的位置形容词形容词的比较级在句中的位置名词所有格副词的比较级形容词副词的转换考点清单练习：练习①It is a ____(sun) day.②It is a _____(rain) day.③I think you are a _____(luck) girl.④The teacher said he had _____to tell us.A. anything importantB. important anythingC. something importantD. important something⑤Look !Jack is ____(excite,excited) .⑥I feel ____(happy) every day.⑦The baby is sleeping ,please keep______(quiet,quietly)考点二：形容词的比较级（1）在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级：bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldestcool（凉的）—cooler—coolest dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest dear（贵的）—dearer—dearest deep（深的）—deeper—deepestfast（迅速的）—faster—fastest few（少的）—fewer—fewestgreat（伟大的）—greater—greatest hard（困难的，硬的）—harder—hardest high（高的）—higher—highest kind（善良的）—kinder—kindestlight（轻的）—lighter—lightest long（长的）—longer—longestloud（响亮的）—louder—loudest low（低的）—lower—lowestnear（近的）—nearer—nearest new（新的）—newer—newestpoor（穷的）—poorer—poorest quick（快的）—quicker—quickest quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest rich（富裕的）—richer—richestshort（短的）—shorter—shortest slow（慢的）—slower—slowestsmall（小的）—smaller—smallest smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest soft（柔软的）—softer—softest strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest tall（高的）-taller-tallestthick（厚的）—thicker—thickest warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest young（年轻的）—younger—youngest （2）.双写最后一个字母，再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级：big（大的）—bigger—biggest fat（胖的）—fatter—fattesthot（热的）—hotter—hottest red（红的）—redder—reddestsad（伤心的）—sadder—saddest thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnestwet（湿的）—wetter—wettest mad（疯的）—madder—maddest（3）.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级：able（能干的）—abler—ablest brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest close（接近的）—closer—closest fine（好的，完美的）—finer—finest large（巨大的）—larger—largest late（迟的）—later—latestnice（好的）—nicer—nicest ripe（成熟的）—riper—ripestrude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudest safe（安全的）—safer—safeststrange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangest wide（宽广的）—wider—widestwise（睿智的，聪明的）—wiser—wisest white（白的）—whiter—whitest（4）.以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级：busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiestdry（干燥的）—drier—driest early（早的）—earlier—earliesteasy（容易的）—easier—easiest friendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliest funny（好玩的）—funnier—funniest happy（开心的）—happier—happiest healthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiest heavy（重的）—heavier—heaviesthungry（饿的）—hungrier—hungriest lazy（懒惰的）—lazier—laziestlucky（幸运的）—luckier—luckiest naughty（调皮的）—naughtier—naughtiest noisy（嘈杂的）—noisier—noisiest pretty（美丽的）—prettier—prettiestsilly（傻的）—sillier—silliest spicy（辣的）—spicier—spiciestthirsty（渴的）—thirstier—thirstiest ugly（丑的）—uglier—ugliest（5）.双音节、多音节形容词，在单词前面加上“more”“most”构成比较级、最高级：afraid（害怕的）—more afraid—most afraidbeautiful（美丽的）—more beautiful—most beautifulcareful（仔细的）—more careful—most carefulcheerful（开心的）—more cheerful—most cheerfulcrowded（拥挤的）—more crowded—most crowdeddangerous（危险的）—more dangerous—most dangerousdelicious（美味的）—more delicious—most deliciousdifficult（困难的）—more difficult—most difficultexciting（令人兴奋的）—more exciting—most excitingexpensive（昂贵的）—more expensive—most expensivefamous（著名的）—more famous—most famousfrightened（受惊的）—more frightened—most frightenedfrightening（令人害怕的）—more frightening—most frighteninghard-working（勤奋的）—more hard-working—most hard-workinghelpful（有帮助的）—more helpful—most helpfulhonest（诚实的）—more honest—most honestimportant（重要的）—more important—most importantinteresting（有趣的）—more interesting—most interestingpolite（有礼貌的）—more polite—most politeterrible（可怕的）—more terrible—most terribletired（累的）—more tired—most tired（6）.不规则变化的形容词：bad（坏的）—worse—worst far（远的）—farther—farthest (far—further—furthest) good（好的）—better—best ill（病的）—worse—worstlittle（少的）—less—least many（多的）—more—most much（多的）—more—most old（年老的）—older—oldest ( old—elder—eldest) well（好的，身体好的）—better—best练习1. Is your friend ____ (young) than you ?2. Shanghai is one of ______ (big) cities in the world.3. Do you think English is _____important than maths。

高考英语必考点学案：形容词与副词一、形容词和副词基本用法（一）形容词基本用法1.作定语，修饰名词、代词。

如：I have an interesting book.我有一本有趣的书。

2.作表语。

通常与系动词be , get , grow , bee , feel , appear, prove , seem, look, keep, smell, taste, sound , turn, remain 等连用。

如：The weather is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。

3.作宾补。

如：The news made every one happy.这则消息令每个人都很高兴。

The wall was painted green.墙被刷成了绿色。

4.作状语，用来说明主语的特征、状态。

表示伴随、原因、结果等。

如：Tired and hot, we had to stop to have a break.又累又热，我们不得不停下来休息。

He fell down dead.他倒下死了。

（二）副词基本用法1.作状语。

通常修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。

如He runs fast.他跑得很快。

The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。

The bus came quite early.公共汽车到得很早。

She left shortly after the meeting.会议刚结束她就走了。

（修饰介词短语）Frankly, I don’t agree with you.说实话，我不同意你的意见。

（修饰句子）2.作表语。

如：Class is over.下课了。

Time is up.时间到。

3.作定语。

如：Do you know the girl upstairs? 你认识楼上的女孩吗？Soon you will be acquainted with the people around. 不久你就会熟悉这附近的人。

形容词与副词用来描述事物大小，形状，颜色等具体特征的词叫做形容词。

1作定语修饰名词和不定代词形容词修饰名词作前置定语。

放在被修饰词之后，作后置定语。

1）形容词修饰something ，anything等复合不定代词时后置。

2，the+形容词，表示一类人注意；作主语谓语动词用复数4形容词的比较等级原级1.形容词的原级比较句型有：1） as +形容词的原级+as.其否定式为：not so (as)+形容词原级+as。

2）当我们要表示A是B的几倍或几分之几时，我们用的句型：A +几倍或几分之几as +形容词的原级+as +B。

This room is three times as big as that one.3） as many+可数名词/much+不可数名词+as.He earns as much money as his mother does.比较级和最高级大多数形容词的比较级和最高级是采用在词尾加-er和-est的形式，或在单词前加more和most构成。

3）特殊形式的比较级和最高级：英文中有些形容词的比较级和最高级的变化是不规则的。

如：原级比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/oldestlittle less leastmany/much more mostlate later/latter latest/last※对于上述形容词中有两种不同形式的特殊比较级和最高级用法做一下说明：a) farther/farthest和further/furthest的比较四个词都可以表示实际的距离。

但是further/furthest可用于指抽象意义，表示―进一步的，更深入的‖。

further study进一步研究b) older/oldest和elder/eldest的比较elder/eldest主要用来表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系my elder brother我的哥哥his eldest son他的长子在有than的比较句中一般不用elder,要用older.I am two years older than Tom.我比汤姆大两岁。

2020年初升高英语无忧衔接第二章语法知识衔接专题二：形容词和副词讲义第一部分：形容词一、形容词的比较级和最高级1、比较的对象常用that和those来代替，The bikes in this shop are more expensive than those in that one.This is the most interesting book I have ever read.2、修饰比较级的副词有rather,much, even, still, a bit, a little, a lot, any, no等。

常被误用的有more, less ,very ,quite, fairly, greatly.The man got even more angry.The experiment will bee much easier if it is done in this way.3、many more+ 名词和much more+名词都可以，区别在于后面的名词是可数还是不可数名词。

I bought many more books than I needed.They have much more rain here this year than they did last year .4、修饰最高级的词有by far, far, much, the very, of all.This is by far the most expensive car I have ever seen.The library is the highest building of all in the city.二、形容词的位置1、以a开头的形容词只能作表语，不能用在名词之前。

如：alone，awake，alive，asleep，afraid2、something，anything，nothing 定语后置Do you have something to eat?I have something important to tell you3、名词前有多个形容词，它们的位置比较复杂。

专题五形容词及副词知识摘要用法形容词的功能：定语、表语或宾语补足语用法副词功能：定语、表语或宾语补足语形容词和副词形容词与副词的转化形容词、副词的比较级与最高级的变化规律原级的用法形容词、副词的比较等级比较级的用法最高级的用法考点梳理考点一、形容词的用法及位置1、形容词的用法形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的一类词。

在句子可做定语、表语或宾语补足语等。

Peter is tall. 彼得个子高。

(做表语)We must keep our room clean. 我们必修保持我们的房间干净。

(做宾补) 2.、形容词的位置(1) 形容词作定语时一般放在它所修饰的词的前面。

I think it’s an interesting book. 我认为它是一本有趣的书。

(2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词时放在复合不定代词之后。

She has something important to tell us. 她有重要的时期要告诉我们。

【知识拓展】2、以-ly结尾的形容词:friendly 友好的lonely 孤独的lovely 可爱的likely 可能的daily 日常的lively 有生气的考点二、副词的用法及位置1、副词的功能及用法副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及全句的词，在句子中可作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。

The students are working hard in the school. 学生们正在学校努力学校。

I’m afraid I must be off now. 恐怕我现在得走了。

2、副词的位置(1)修饰动词，多数位于动词之后，及动词的宾语之后。

She speaks English well. 她英语说得好。

(2)频度副词（always, never, often等）通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、be动词、助动词之后。

但是sometimes 位置较灵活，他还可以放在句中的开头或结尾。

中考英语专题讲义：形容词（带答案）北辰教育学科老师辅导讲义something, anything, nothing, everythin表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。

The Great Wall is over six thousand kiEnglish-speaking, glass-stoppe -bleA. easierB. much easyC. more easilyD. too easyA. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a littleA. hardlyB. fina15. W e feel so that China has sent its first space laboratory, Tiangong-1 into orbit successfully.A.beautifulB. uglierC. more expensiveD. prettiest24. Among the earrings I choose pair because I didnA. most qu例句A. cheapB. cheaperC. expensiveD. more expensive二、英语书面表达专项训练2．目前，许多中学生利用周末和节假日上课外补习班，对此人们有不同的看法。

请根据下面内容写一篇短文。

注意：1. 表达清楚，语法通顺，上下文连贯；2. 必须包括提示的所有信息，并适当发挥，至少两点；3. 词数：100词左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）；4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。

Nowadays, many middle school students are taking all kinds of after-school classes at weekends or on holidays. There are two different opinions about it.Some people think that_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________【答案】Nowadays, many middle school students are taking all kinds of after-school classes at weekends or on holidays. There are two different opinions about it.Some people think that students can get better exam results and go to better senior high schools by taking extra classes. They also believe that students can avoid watching too much TV or playing computer games in this way.But others have a different opinion. They think that students need more time to rest. If theytake too many classes, they mi ght feel too stressed. That’s not good for their health.As for me, I don’t think taking extra classes is necessary. Learning hard in class is enough. We just need to go over our lessons after class. We can also teach ourselves as it is very important for us to have a lifelong learning ability.【解析】【分析】整体分析：这是一篇提纲话题作文。

形容词比较级&最高级一、形容词的定义形容词是常用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征、性质或状态的词。

二、形容词的用法（位置）1.放在名词之前，即形容词+名词 E.g. We live in a beautiful house.2.放在系动词之后，即系动词+形容词 E.g. My idea is great.常见系动词类别例词例句状态系动词be She is very kind.感官系动词feel、look、sound、smell、taste The flowers look beautiful.三、常见形容词-互为反义词-【背诵】long-short tall-short new-old young-oldfat-thin thick-thin big-small good-badhot-cold beautiful/handsome-ugly happy-sad rich-poor hungry-full empty-full clean-dirty busy-freewet-dry hard-soft strong-weak sweet-sour heavy-light easy-difficult fast-slow cheap-expensive safe-dangerous quiet-noisy四、形容词的构词法-【背诵】类别例词词缀天气类cloud cloudy-y wind windysnow snowyrain rainysun sunnyfog foggy五、多个形容词修饰名词的排序-【美小圆旧黄，法国木书房】【美】一般描绘性形容词：beautiful,ugly,bad, interesting, boring...【小】表示大小，长短，高低的形容词：small,big, long, short, tall,high,low... 【圆】表示形状的形容词：round,square...【旧】表示年龄，新旧的形容词：old, young，new...【黄】表示颜色的形容词：yellow,red,green,blue,black...【法国】表示国籍，地区，出处的形容词：French, Chinese,Japanese... 【木】表示物质，材料的形容词：wooden,golden,woolen（羊毛的）【书房】表示被修饰的名词：study,skirt,car,house...如：一张又大又漂亮的棕色圆形新木桌a beautiful big round new brown wooden table六、形容词比较级&最高级的变化规则1.规则变化-【背诵】类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般情况，直接+er，estlong longer longesttall taller tallest 以不发音的e结尾，+r，stlate later latestlarge larger largest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,+er，esteasy easier easiesthappy happier happiest 以“重读闭音节，辅元辅结构”结尾，双写尾字母，+er，estbig bigger biggesthot hotter hottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前，+more，mostcareful more careful most carefulbeautiful more beautiful most beautiful2.不规则变化-【背诵】原级比较级最高级good/well better best bad worse worst many/much more most little less leastfar farther(较远)farthest(最远)further(较远；进一步)furthest(最远；最大限度) old older(年纪较大的)oldest(年纪最大的)elder(较年长的)eldest(最年长的)七、形容词原级&比较级&最高级的句型1.形容词原级的用法①肯定句中的结构：A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B. (A和B一样)The football is as big as the basketball.②否定句中的结构：A+be+not+as+形容词原级+as +B. (A不如B)This book isn't as new as that one.2.形容词比较级的用法①表示“A比B更...”的结构：A+be+adj.比较级+than+B.The snake is longer than the ruler.②表示“A越来越…”的结构：a.A+be+adj.比较级+and+adj.比较级.Tina is getting older and older.b.A+be+more and more+adj.原级. (当adj.为多音节词或部分双音节词时)Amy is more and more beautiful.③表示“哪一个/谁更…”的结构：Who/Which+be+adj.比较级,A or B?Who is thinner，Tom or Jack?④表示“A是两者之间比较...的一个”的结构：A+be+the+adj.比较级(of the two). Tom is the thinner of the two.⑤表示“越…，就越…”的结构：the +比较级...,the+比较级…The more you eat,the fatter you will be.3.形容词最高级的用法①表示“A是（范围中）最...的”的结构：A+be+the+adj.最高级+in/of+范围. Betty is the tallest in her class.②表示“A是（范围中）最...的之一”的结构：A+be+one of +the+adj.最高级+n.复数(+范围). Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players.The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world.③表示“哪一个/谁最…”的结构：Which/Who+be+the+adj.最高级,A,B or C?Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Suzhou?④表示“A是（范围中）第几最”的结构：A+be+ the+序数词+adj.最高级+n.单数+范围.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.【注意】：形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，不需要再用定冠词。

讲义3 ：形容词一、形容词的定义：表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective).形容词修饰名词,它的基本用法就是为名词提供更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类.二、形容词的位置1、单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词的前面，做定语。

它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。

例如:a red flower一朵红花 this interesting story这个有趣的故事six blind men 六个盲人 my own house我自己的房子形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。

例如：I have something important to tell you.Is there anything interesting in the film.三、形容词和副词的等级变化大多数形容词和副词有三个级：原级（即原形）、比较级和最高级。

1 一般在词末尾加er变比较级，加est变最高级。

strong —stronger -strongest small--smaller--smallest hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest2 如果以e结尾，只加r 或st。

nice--nicer--nicest fine--finer--finest3 以重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。

sad--sadder-- saddest big--bigger--biggest hot--hotter --hottest4 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变成i，再加er或est。

angry--angrier-angriest early→earlier →earliest hungry-hungrier-hungriest5、但是，开放类副词即形容词加ly结尾变成的副词加more或most.如quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietlyslowly—more slowly—most slowly［注］：early中的ly不是后缀，故把y变i再加er和est6、大部分双音节和所有多音节词都在其前面加more变比较级，加most变最高级different -more different -most differentbeautiful--more beautiful--the most beautifulexpensive--more expensive--the most expensive但是，以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→u nhappiest,形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化四．形容词副词的用法1."the+形容词",表示一类人或事物,相当于名词,用作主语及宾语The old often think of old things.2 "The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级..."表示 " 越... 就越..."。