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第一章英语国家概括第一节英国概括Ⅰ地理有四个部分组成great Britain（England，Wales，Scotland）and northern IrelandⅡ地理特征最短的海峡strait of Dover 多佛海峡1 England the pennies 英格兰最主要的山脉2 Scotland three natural zone ：the highlands central lowlands the southern uplands ，首都是Edinburgh ，river Clyde 克莱德河3 Wales Cardiff 最大的城市和首府4 northern Ireland Belfast 英国最大的湖是内伊湖（Lough Neagh）5 Rivers and lakes最长的是Severn river（赛文河），第二长和最重要的是泰晤士河，（Thames river），典型的海洋性气候（maritime climate）Ⅲ人口60million ，英国人是Anglo-Saxons，苏格兰人hospitable and generous，Wales are emotional and cheerful people，北爱尔兰的官方语言是爱尔兰语，其次才是英语ethic groups 伦敦是最大的少数名族聚居区ⅣHistory：1 first settlers are Lberians （伊利比亚人）2 1066（Norman conquer）1215 （大宪章）1337—1453（英法百年战争）1381（农民起义）1458（玫瑰战争，1350-1650（Renaissance）1642-1646（first civil war ），1658（the restoration 王朝复辟）1688（the glorious revolution）Ⅴ教育实行的是5-16岁都必须前去学习ⅥReligionEstablished churches分为the Church of England（official church ，英国君主必须是这个教的成员主教和大主教由monarch 指定）and the Church of Scotland（Presbyterian，长老教会）Unestablished churches: the Anglican churches 英国圣公会，the free churches 自由教，the roman catholic church 天主教Ⅶ主要节日Christmas day December 25th Easter 复活节（主要的天主教节日）whit Sunday（圣灵降临节，复活节后的第7个周日）Gay Fawkes day （盖伊福克斯之夜，11月5日，燃放烟火的节日）Ⅷsports ，足球是最受欢迎的（职业足球从August 到May），最典型的英国运动是cricket，板球）网球（annual Wimbledon fortnightⅨArts 博物馆（the British museum，the national history museum .the national army museum ,the national gallery）Music (甲壳虫乐队，the Beatles ,first national music day was held in 1992,the most famous music festival is the Edinburgh international festival of music and dramaⅩmedia (BBC ,daily Express Daily mail daily mirror , daily star ,financial times ,the Guardian, the times (泰晤士报)the observer (the first Sunday newspaper)ⅪPoliticalconstitutional monarchy，没有宪法，全靠惯例，parliament （the house of lord and the house of commons，任期为五年）political party ：labor party(Whigs 辉格党) and conservative party（Tories 托利党）第二节美国概括Ⅰyellow National park（大平原地带），大峡谷（the grand canvon ,in Arizona ,phoenix is the largest city in the intermountain region ,the largest commercial city( san Francisco, also the second largest city in California ）ⅡAlaska and Hawaii (Alaska 居住着Inuits，also called Eskimos)Hawaii （Mauna Loa ，莫纳罗亚山，the world’s largest active volcano，盛产sugar cane and pineapple，首府是Honolulu）Ⅲ地理特征1 两大主要山脉是，Appalachian mountains and rocky mountains ，2 the Mississippi river （greatest continental rivers，American Ruhr ），Ohio river（俄亥俄河）3 the great lakes：lake Michigan（唯一一个在美国境内），lake superior（世界上最大的淡水湖），the lake Huron（休伦湖）lake Erie（伊利湖）and lake Ontario（安大略湖）Ⅳhistory1620，201 pilgrim，mayflower,1774(September, first continental congress), on April 19 ,1775 (,the second continental congress),1776( declaration of independence) , in September 1783, （英国承认其独立，签署停火协议），1789（established federal government），1812（和英国开战，认识到强大的联邦政府的重要）1861-1865（civil war）,gilded age (镀金时代，国内战争到20世纪初)，1949（north Atlantic treaty），1950s （civil rights movement）1950-1975（the Vietnam war），1972（Watergate scandal）1972 (访华)，1979（中美建交）ⅤAmerican political美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，（1789讨论成立，国会两院，三分之二以上赞成便可以对宪法进行修改。
英语专八人文知识复习要点：英国文学之17世纪文学17世纪文学16、17世纪之交,英国国内政治经济的矛盾加深,人心动荡，反映于文学的，除了上述诗剧的衰败，还有在散文作品中围绕政治与宗教问题的论争文章的急剧增多，在诗歌中出现了以多恩为代表的玄学派诗和一些称为骑士派的贵族青年所写的爱情诗，前者用新奇的形象和节奏写怀疑与信念交替的复杂心情，显示出当时科学大进展冲击传统文化的影响;后者则表达了一种末世情调。
17世纪40年代，革命终于爆发。
人民经过公开审判，处决了国王查理一世，并在打了一场激烈的内战之后建立了以克伦威尔为首的资产阶级政权。
在文学上，革命主要表现于两个方面:一是有大量的传单和小册子印行，各种集团特别是属于革命阵营左翼的平均派和掘地派通过它们来发表政见，其中李尔本、温斯坦利等人写得犀利有力;二是出现了一个革命的大诗人──弥尔顿。
弥尔顿对于革命的贡献，首先在于他的政论文。
从1641年起，他搁下了早以优美著称的诗笔，而用英文和拉丁文写了许多政论小册子，为英国人民处死国王的革命行动辩护,也发表他的进步主张,如《论离婚》(1643)和《论出版自由》(1644)。
他的文章虽然句式繁复，却有雄奇之美，在英国散文中自成一格。
1660年革命遭受了重大挫折，王政复辟。
这时弥尔顿已经双目失明,受着政治迫害,但他痛定思痛，把自己的一腔孤愤写进了他一生最后的三大作品。
首先是《失乐园》(1667)。
这首以人类祖先失去乐园的圣经故事为主题的史诗表达了作者的清教主义，而在对于撒旦的描写中则又倾注着他的革命思想，正是那些歌颂叛逆者的响亮诗行构成了诗中最动人的篇章。
继之而来的《复乐园》(1671)叙述耶稣拒绝撒旦诱惑的节操,虽见平淡,仍多佳句。
同时出版的《力士参孙》是英文中最出色的希腊式古典悲剧，结构严谨而人物突出。
作者写参孙双目失明，身陷囹圄，而仍力抗强暴，终于与敌人同归于尽。
这当中有弥尔顿对自己不平凡的一生的回顾，炽热的情感溢出诗行，表示他依然壮怀激烈，不变革命初衷。
Part 1 英语国家概况第一章英国第一节概述1 英国四部分首都英格兰(England)首都London，苏格兰（Scotland）首都爱丁堡（Edinburgh），威尔士（Wales）首都加的夫（Cardiff）北爱尔兰（Northern Ireland）首都贝尔法斯特（Belfast）2 英格兰占地面积为整个岛屿的60%（13万平方公里）3 南面的（south）的英吉利海峡（English channel）与东面的（east）的北海（North sea）将英国与欧洲其他部分隔开。
4 爱尔兰的官方语言（official language）是Irish，第二语言是English5 Scotland 位于北部（northernmost part）6 主要作物是大麦（wheat）和小麦（barley）7 最佳农业区是英格兰的东南部（northeast）8 70%的劳动力集中在服务业（service）9 农民仅占人口2%，管理70%的土地。
10 运输业，家庭取暖系统（domestic heating system），食品供应（food supply）很大程度上依赖于石油（oil ）11 在19世纪造船业（shipbuilding）中世界领先12 England 的人口最多第二节地理1 本尼维斯山（Ben Nevis）是英国最高的山（highest mountain）2 斯克菲尔峰（Scafell）是英格兰最高峰（highest peak）3 塞文河（Severn River）是英国最长的河（longest river）4 泰晤士河（Thames River）是英国第二大河和最重要的河流（second and most important river）5 内伊湖（Lough Neagh）是英国最大的湖（largest lake），位于北爱尔兰6 英吉利海峡（The English Channel）是分隔England和France的狭窄海道，连接大西洋（Atlantic ocean）与北海（North Sea）7 英国是海洋性气候（the maritime type），由于受墨西哥湾流（the Gulf Stream）的影响，比同纬度其他地方温度高（warmer），温和适中，冬天温和，夏天凉爽，天气多变（changeable），有时会在一天经历四季变化。
英国文学~《贝奥武甫》（The story of Beowulf）代表着古英语的最高成就，是英国文学中现存的最古老的头韵史诗（alliterative epic),是一首异教诗（pagan poem),展现了部落社会（tribal society）的景象威廉.朗格拉（William Langland）主要描写下层人民生活，《耕者皮尔斯》（Piers the Plowman）--与《坎特伯雷故事集》并称为早期英国文学的两大巨作杰弗里.乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）被誉为；“英国诗歌之父”（the father of English Poetry）“英国小说之父”（th father of English Fiction）《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）--未完成，只有24个故事托马斯.怀亚特（Thomas Wyatt)他是第一个将十四行诗（sonnet）引进英国文学的人.埃德蒙.斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser）被誉为“诗人中的诗人”（The poets’poet），并有“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）的称号《牧羊人日记》（The Shepherd's Calendar)《新婚喜歌》（Epithalamion）《仙后》（The Faerie Queene）--开创了“斯宾塞诗体”（Spenserian Stanza）托马斯.莫尔（Thomas More）《乌托邦》（Utopia）--为其代表作弗朗西斯.培根（Francis Bacon)《论说文集》(Essays)--是英国文学史上第一部散文题材作品。
是英国散文发展的里程碑。
里斯托夫.马洛（Chriistopher Marlowe）马洛是莎士比亚之前最伟大的剧作家，是“大学才子派”(University wits),他首创戏剧的创作手法“无韵诗”（blank verse）,他的作品为莎士比亚的戏剧铺平了道路。
5分钟搞定专八人文知识关键词：腐国文学(1)一、古英语时期的英国文学(499-1066)1、贝奥武夫Beowulf（公元八世纪）：是迄今为止发现的英国盎格鲁—撒克逊时期最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。
2、阿尔弗雷德大帝Alfred the Great ：英国散文之父Father of English Prose二、中古英语时期的英国文学1、暗讽体allegory非常盛行：这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为"换个方式的说法".它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.2、Romance 开始上升到一定的高度3、高文爵士和绿衣骑士S ir Gawain and the Green Knight：反映了骑士制度chivalry的理想，是中世纪封建贵族文化的精髓。
4、威廉·兰格伦Willian Langlaud ：著有《农夫皮尔斯的幻象》Piers Plowman5、乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer：坎特伯雷故事集(英雄双韵体) The Canterbury Tales 。
在英国文学史上，他是第一个使用十音节“双韵体”的诗人，这个诗体后来在他首创下，演化成了“英雄双韵体”，“英雄双韵体”为以后的英国诗人所广泛采用。
他也因此被誉为“英国诗歌之父”Father of English poetry。
6、托马斯.马洛礼Sir Thomas Malory 《亚瑟王之死》The Death of King Arthur三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学(伊丽莎白时代)(14-16世纪)1、托马斯.莫尔Sir Thomas More ：《乌托邦》Utopia2、Thomas Wyatt 托马斯·怀特和 Henry Howard亨利·霍华德把十四行诗sonnet引入英国3、菲利普·锡德尼Philips Sidney：著有《诗辩》The defense of Poesie，这是伊丽莎白时代文学批评的最佳之作；《阿卡迪亚》Arcadia 描述田园生活，为现代长篇小说的先驱4、斯宾塞Edmund Spenser ：《仙后》The Faerie Queene。
英国各时期特点要看书，只罗列作家作品时期：1The Old and Medieval Period中古英语文学8世纪-15世纪2The Renaissance Period文艺复兴时期16世纪-17世纪莎士比亚时期或是伊丽莎白时代3The period of Revolution and Restoration资产阶级革命和王政复辟时期17世纪Form：Poetry4The Age of Enlightenment启蒙运动时期—Neo-Classicism新古典时期18世纪Form：prose Pope时代5The Age of Romanticism浪漫主义时期18世纪-19世纪中期6The Victorian Period维多利亚时期19世纪早期-20世纪初期Novel小说Charles Dickens 7The Modern Period现代主义时期19世纪末开始普通英国人的生活，象征主义、stream of consciousness意识流-James Joyce、自然主义代替了现实主义。
之父：1Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里·乔叟the father of English poetry英语诗歌之父the father of English fiction英国小说之父2King Alfred（英国散文之父3Francis Bacon培根（唯物主义哲学奠基人，England’s first essayist英国第一个散文家4Edmund Spencer斯宾塞the poets’poet诗人中的诗人5John Donne the founder of the Metaphysical School玄学派诗人代表人物6John Dryden德莱顿forerunner of the English classical school of literature古典主义的先驱Heroic couplet英雄双韵体father of English criticism批评文学之父7Alexander Pope蒲白（18世纪最伟大诗人，representative of the Enlightenment新古典学派的代表人物，first introduce rationalism to England理性主义8Daniel Defoe笛福the discoverer of the modern novel现实主义小说奠基人，Father of English and European英语和欧洲小说之父9Henry Fielding Father of the English novel英国小说之父10Jane Austin简·奥斯丁（英国第一位女性小说家）11Alfred Tennyson丁尼生Poet of the people人民的诗人桂冠诗人：Edmund Spencer斯宾塞John Dryden德莱顿William Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯Robert Southey罗伯特·骚塞苏格兰：Robert Burns;George Bernard Shaw爱尔兰：Oscar Wilde;William Butler Yeats;James Joyce1The Old and Medieval Period中古英语文学8世纪-15世纪P82大多数是口述，14世纪被称为乔叟的时代Old English/Alliteration/Epic/Romance/BalladAnglo-Saxon Period异教pagan《Beowulf贝奥武夫》被认为是古代英语文学的开端，也是英语语言的最古老的诗歌。
专八英国文学作者及作品英国文学1、Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利•乔叟1340-1400长诗：The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）2、William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616 The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Veronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of V enice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night 第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）;The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯•安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯•凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯•阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗3、Francis Bacon培根1561-1626 Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays论文集（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）4、John Milton约翰•弥尔顿1608-1674 L‘Allegro欢乐的人;Il Penseroso沉思的人;Comus 科马斯;Lycidas列西达斯;Areopagitica论出版自由;Pro Populo Anglicano Defense为英国人民声辩; Pro Populo Anglicano Defense Secunda再为英国人民声辩;Paradise Lost失乐园;Paradise Regained复乐园;Samson Agonistes力士参孙5、John Bunyan班扬1628-1688 The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程;The Life and Death of Mr Badman培德曼先生的一生6、Joseph Addison艾迪生诗：The Campaign 远征；剧本：Cato加图名文；Adventure of A shilling一先令的历险7、Richard Steele理查德•斯梯尔1672-1729 The Christian Hero基督教徒的英雄名文：The Spectator Club旁观者俱乐部8、Danniel Defoe丹尼尔•迪福1660-1731 （标志着近代英国小说的形成）Hymn to the Pillory枷刑颂;Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记;Captain Singleton辛格顿船长;Moll Flanders莫尔弗兰德斯;A Journal of the Plague Year大疫年日记9、Jonathan Swift斯威夫特1667-1745 The Battle of Books书的战争;A Tale of A Tub一个木桶的故事;The Drapier’s Letters布商的书信;A Modest Proposal一个温和的建议;Guilliver’s Travels格列佛游记(A V oyage to Lilliput/ Brobdingnag/ Laputa/ The Country of the Houyhnhnms 小人国/大人国/拉普他等地/智马国游记)10、Alexander Pope蒲柏1688-1744 Pastorals田园诗集;An Essay on Criticism批评论;Windsor Forest温莎林;The Rape of the Lock卷发遇劫记;The Duncial愚人志;Moral Essays道德论;An Essay on Man人论;Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot与阿布斯诺博士书11、Henry Fielding亨利•菲尔丁1707-1754（英国现实主义小说的奠基者）剧本：The Coffeehouse Politician咖啡屋政客;Don Quixote in England堂•吉诃德在英国;The Historical Register for the Year历史记事长篇小说：The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews, and of His Friend Mr. Abraham Adams约瑟•安德鲁传;The Life of Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great大伟人江奈生•魏尔德传;The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆•琼斯;Amelia阿美利亚12、Samuel Johnson塞缪尔•约翰生1709-1784 A Dictionary of the English Language英语语言辞典;Lives of Poets诗人传;Vanity of Human Wishes人类欲望的虚幻; Rasselas拉塞勒斯名文：Letter to Lord Chesterfield给吉士菲尔伯爵的信13、Oliver Goldsmith哥尔斯密1728-1774 The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传;The Citizen of the World世界公民;The Deserted荒村;She Stoops to Conquer屈身求爱;The Rivals情敌；The School for Scandal造谣学校14、William Blake布莱克1757-1827 Poetical Sketches素描诗集;Songs of Innocence天真之歌;Songs of Experience经验之歌The French Revolution法国革命;The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻;America;Milton;Jerusalem名诗：London;The Tiger15、Robert Burns彭斯1759-1796 Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect苏格兰方言诗集名诗：The Tree of Liberty自由村;Scots Wha-Hae苏格兰人;The Two Dogs两只狗;Holy Willie’s Prayer威利长老的祈祷;My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心呀在高原;A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰;John Anderson约翰•安德生,My Jo;A Man’s A Man for A’That不管身在何处都须保持尊严;Robert Bruce’s March to Bannockburn16、William Wordsworth威廉•华兹华斯1770-1850 An Evening Walk黄昏漫步;Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（与柯勒律治合编）;Lucy Poems露西组诗(She Dwett Among the Untrodden Ways;To the Cuckoo杜鹃颂;I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud;The Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦人);Ode on Intimations of Immorality不朽颂;Ode to Duty义务颂;The Excursion远足;The Prelude序曲17、Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治1772-1834 Lyrical Ballads;The Fall of the Bastille巴士底狱的毁灭;The Rime of the Ancient Mariner老船夫;Kubla Khan忽必烈汗;Biographia Literaria 文学传记18、Walter Scott瓦尔特•司各特1771-1832诗：The Minstrlsy of the Scottish Border苏格兰边区歌谣集;Marimion玛里恩;The Lady of the Lake湖上夫人小说：Waverley威弗利;Guy Mannering盖•曼纳令;Rob Roy罗布罗伊;The Heart of Midlothian 米德洛西恩监狱;Ivanhoe艾凡赫;Kenilworth坎尼尔华斯;Woodstock皇家猎馆;Queentin Durward昆廷•达沃19、Jane Austin简•奥斯丁1775-1817 Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见;Sense and Sensibility理智与情感;Emma爱玛;Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德公园;Persuasion好事多磨;Northanger Abbey 诺桑觉寺20、Charles Lamb查尔斯•兰姆1775-1834 Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚故事集;Alburn Verses诗集;Essay of Elia伊利亚散文集(Dream Children梦中儿女;A Dissertation unpon Roast Pig烤猪论;Old China古瓷;New Year’s Eve除夕;The Praise of Chimney Sweepers扫烟囱童工赞;The Superannuated Man领取养老金的人;A Bachelor’s Complaint of the Behavior of Married People单身汉对结过婚的人的行为的抱怨)21、William Hazlitt威廉•赫兹里特1778-1830 Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays莎剧中的人物;A View of the English Stage英国舞台一瞥;Lecture on the English Poets论英国诗人;The Spirit of the Age时代精神;Sketches and Essays素描与随笔;Table Talk桌边文谈名文：On Familiar Style22、George Gordon Byron乔治•拜伦1788-1824 Hours of Idliness懒散的时刻;English Bords and Scottish Reviewers英国诗人与苏格兰评论家;Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage,Cantos I and II,Canto III 1818恰罗德•哈罗德游记;Ode to the Framers of the Frame-bill编织机法案编制者颂;Oriental Tales东方叙事诗(The Bride of Abydos阿比道斯的新娘;The Corsa海盗;The Siege of Corinth柯林斯之围);Manfred曼弗雷德;The Age of Bronze青铜世纪;Don Juan唐•璜名诗：She Walks in Beauty;The Isles of Greece23、Percy Bysshe Shelley波西•比希•雪莱1792-1822 Queen Mab麦布女王;Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯;Adonais阿东尼斯;The Cenci钦契;Song to the Men of England 致英国人民;England in 1819;The Masque of Anarchy专制魔王的化装游行;Ode to the West Wind/a Skylark西风/云雀颂;A Defence of Poetry诗辩24、John Keats约翰•济兹1795-1821 Endymion恩底弥翁;Isabella伊莎贝拉;The Eve of Sanit Agnes圣爱尼节前夜;Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂;Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂;To Autumn 秋颂;Hyperion赫披里昂（未完成）25、Thomas Hood胡德1799-1845 The Song of the Shirt衬衫之歌;The Bridge of Sighs悲叹之桥;Miss Kilmansegg and Her Precious Leg基尔曼塞格小姐和她贵重的腿26、Ernest Jones琼斯1819-1869小说：The Women’s Wrongs妇女们的委屈名诗：The Song of the Lower Class;The Song of the Future27、Afred Tennyson丁尼生1809-1892 Poems of Two Brothers壎篪; Timbuctoo提姆巴克图;The Pricess公主;In Memoriam H H悼念哈拉姆;Maud毛黛;Enoch Arden伊诺克•阿登;Idylls of the King国王之歌名诗：Ulysses; The Eagle; Break,Break,Break28、Robert Browning 勃朗宁1812-1889 Paracelsus巴拉塞尔士;Strafford斯特拉福;Pippa Passes比芭走过;Dramatic Lyrics戏剧抒情诗;Dramatic Romances and Lyrics戏剧传奇与抒情诗(Home Thoughts; From Abroad; Prospice向前看);Dramatic Personae登场人物;Men and Women 男男女女29、Elizabeth Barrel Browning 1806-1861 Sonnets from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗;The Cry of the Children30、Charles Dickens狄更斯1812-1870 The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传;Oliver Twist奥利弗•退斯特;American Notes美国札记;Martin Chuzzlewit马丁•朱述尔维特;The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店;Dombey and Son董贝父子;David Copperfield大卫•科波菲尔;Hard Times艰难时世;A Tale of Two Cities双城记;Great Expectation远大前程31、William MakepeaceThackery萨克雷1811-1863 The Book of Snobs势利者集;Vanity Fair 名利场;History of Pendennis潘丹尼斯的历史;The History of Henry Esmond亨利•艾斯芒的历史;The Newcomes纽可谟一家;The Virginians弗吉尼亚人32、Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell盖斯凯尔1810-1865 Mary Barton玛丽•巴顿;Ruth露斯;Cranford克兰弗德;North and South北与南;Life of Charlote Bronte夏洛蒂勃郎特传33、Charlote/Emily/Anne Bronte夏洛蒂/爱米丽/安妮•勃郎特1816-1855 Jane Eyre简爱;Shirley雪丽/Wuthering Height呼啸山庄/Agones Grey艾格尼斯•格雷34、George Eliot爱略特1819-1880 Adam Bede亚当•贝德;The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊；Silas Marner织工马南;Middlemarch米德尔马契;Felix Holt the Radical35、Thomas Carlyle卡莱尔1795-1881 Sartor Resartus衣裳哲学/旧衣新裁;The Life of Schiller 席勒传;The French Revolution; Heroes and Hero-worship论英雄与英雄崇拜36、George Meredith梅瑞狄斯1828-1909诗：Modern Love; Poems and Lyrics of the Joy of Earth大地欢歌小说：The Ordeal of Richard Feverel理查德•法弗尔的考验；The Egoist利己主义者;Diana of the Crossways彷徨中的戴安娜;The Idea of Comedy and the Uses of the Comic Spirit喜剧的概念与喜剧精神的作用37、William Morris莫里斯1834-1896诗：The Earthly Paradise地上乐园;Chants of Socialism社会主义歌集;Pilgrims of Hope希望的探求者小说：A Dream of John Ball梦见给翰•保尔;News from Nowher乌有乡消息38、Samuel Butler勃特勒1835-1902 The Way of All Flesh如此人生;Erewhon埃瑞璜;Erewhon Revisited重游埃瑞璜39、Thomas Hardy哈代1840-1928 Under the Greenwood Tree绿茵下;Far from the Madding Crowd 远离尘嚣;The Return of the Native还乡;The Mayor of Casterbridge卡斯特桥市长;Tess of the D’urbervilles德伯家的苔丝;Jude the Obscure无名的裘德诗集：Wessex Poems 威塞克斯诗集史诗剧：The Dynasts统治者三部曲40、Robert Couis Stevenson史蒂文生1850-1894小说：New Arabian Nights新天方夜谭;Treasure Island宝岛;The Strange Case of Dr Jeykell and Mr Hyde化身博士;Kidnapped诱拐游记：An Inland V oyage内陆游记;Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes骑驴旅行;A Child’s Garden of Verses儿童诗园41、Isabella Augusta Gregory/Perse格葛瑞/珀斯1852-1932 The Travelling Man旅行者;Spreading the News道听途说;Hyachinth Halvey海钦斯•哈尔威;The Gaol Gate监牢之门;The Rising of the Moon月亮上升的时候42、Oscar Wilde王尔德1856-1900 长篇小说：The Picture of Dorian Gray道林•格雷的画像童话：The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子诗集：De Prafundis惨痛的呼声;The Ballad of Reading Gaol累丁狱之歌剧作：Lady Windermere’s Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子;A Woman of No Importance一个无足轻重的妇女;An Ideal Husband理想丈夫;The Importance of Being Earnest埃耐斯特的重要性43、George Bernard Shaw萧伯纳1856-1950长篇小说：An Unsocial Socialist业余社会主义者评论：Quintessence of Ibsenism剧本：Widoer’s Houses鳏夫的房产;Mrs Warren’s Profession华伦夫人的职业The Devil’s Disciple魔鬼的门徒;Man and Superman人与超人;John Bull’s Other Island英国佬的另一个岛;Major Barbara巴巴拉少校;Pygmalion劈克美梁;Heartbreak House伤心之家;The Apple Cart 苹果车;Too True to be Good真相毕露44、George Gissing吉辛1857-1903小说：Demos民众;New Crub Srreet新穷士街;Born in Eile在流放中诞生;The Private Papers of Henry Ryecroft拉伊克罗夫特的日记（散文）;Charles Dickens:A Critical Study狄更斯研究45、Joseph Conrad康拉德1859-1924长篇小说：Almayer’s Folly奥尔迈耶的愚蠢;The Nigger of the Narcissus水仙号上的黑鬼;Lord Jim吉姆老爷;Nostromo诺斯特罗莫;The Secret Agent间谍;Chance机缘;Victory胜利短篇小说：An Outpost of Progress文明的前哨;Heart of Darkness黑暗的中心;Youth青春46、Joseph Rudyard Kipling罗德雅德•吉卜林1865-1936诗集：Barrak Room Ballad营房诗集;The Seven Seas七海;Recession and Other Poems赞美诗及其他;The Five Nations五国长篇小说：Kim基姆;Captain Courageous勇敢的船长短篇小说：Plain Tales from the Hills;Soldiers There; The Story of the Gadsby; Life Handcap生命的阻力;The Jungle Book; The Second Jungle Book林莽之书;The Lost Legion47、William Butler Yeats叶芝1865-1939 诗：Responsibilities责任;The Tower塔;The Winding Stair盘旋的楼梯名诗：A Deap Sworn V ow; Easter 1916剧本：The Land of Heart’s Desire理想的国土;The Hour Glass时漏; Dedidre黛德尔Autobiographies自传三部曲;Essays and Introduction48、Herbert George Wells威尔斯1866-1946科幻小说：The Time Machine时间机器;The Island of Dr Morau莫洛博士岛;The Invisible Man 隐身人;When the Sleeper Waked; The Shape of Things to Come未来事物的面貌An Outline of World Histrory 世界史纲社会生活小说：Tono Bungay托诺•班格;Ann V eronica安•维罗尼卡; Kipps基普斯49、Enoch Arnord Bennett阿诺德•本涅特1867-1931 A Man from the North北方人;Anna of the Five Towns五镇上的安娜;The Old Wives’ Tale老妇谭;Clayhanger克莱亨厄剧本：Milestones;How to Live Twentyfour Hours a Day50、John Galworthy高尔斯华绥1867-1933 From the Four Winds天涯海角(The Man of Property有产业的人;In Chancery骑虎难下;To Let出租→The Forsyte Saga福尔塞世家);(The White Monkey白猿;The Silver Spoon银匙;Swan Song天鹅曲→A Modern Comedy现代喜剧) 剧作：The Silver Box银匣;Strife斗争51、Saki萨奇（Hector Hugh Munro孟柔）1870-1916短篇小说集：Reginald雷金纳德;Reginald in Russia; The Chronicles of Clovis克洛维斯记事;Beats and Super-beats; The Toys of Peace; The Square Egg方蛋名文：Dusk52、Edward Morgan Forster福斯特1879-1970长篇小说：Where Angels Fear to Tread天使们忘而却步的地方;The Longest Journey最漫长的旅程;A Room with a View可以远眺的地方;A Passage to India印度之行：The Eternal Moment永恒的时刻散文集：Abinger Harvest在阿宾格村的收获;Two Cheers for Democracy53、John Millington Synge沁孤1871-1909 The Playboy of the Western World西方世界的花花公子;Riders to the Sea骑马下海的人们; Deridre of Sorrows悲伤的黛达尔;In the Shade of the Glen在幽谷的阴影下;The Tinker’s Wedding补锅匠的婚礼54、Bertrand Russell罗素1872-1970 Road to Freedom到自由之路;Marriage and Morals婚姻与自由;Mysticism and Logic神秘主义与逻辑;Skeptical Essays怀疑论集;The Analysis of Mind 心理分析;History of Western Philosophy西方哲学史;Priccipia Mathematica数学原理;A Free Man’s Worship短篇小说：Satan in the Suburbs撒旦在郊区;Portraits from Memory回忆中的画像55、William Somerset Maugham毛姆1874-1965小说：Liza of Lambeth兰贝思的莉莎;Of Human Bondage人类枷锁;Cakes and Ale寻欢作乐;The Moon and Six Pence月亮与六便士短篇小说：Complete Short Stories短篇小说集剧本：Smith ;The Circle; Our Betters位居我们之上的人们56、John Masefield梅斯菲尔德1878-1967诗：Salt-Water Ballads海上歌谣;The Everlasting Mercy永久的仁慈;The Widow in the Bye Street 小街的寡妇;The Daffodil Fields水仙田;Reynard the Fox狐狸雷纳德小说：Captain Margaret; Multitude and Solitude群与独;Sard Harker萨德•哈克尔剧本：The Locked Chest57、Giles Lytton Strachey斯特雷奇1880-1932传记：Emiment Victorians维多利亚时代的杰出人物;Queen Victoria评论集：Land-marks in French Literature; Books and Characters58、Sean O’casey肖恩•奥凯西1880-1964剧本：The Shadow of a Gunman枪手的影子;Juno and the Peacock裘诺与孔雀;The Plough and the Stars犁与星;The Star Turns Red;Red Roses for Me给我红玫瑰自传体小说：I Knock at the Door我敲门;Pictures in the Hallway门厅里的图画;Drums under Windows窗下鼓声;Inishfallen,Fare Thee Well英尼希法伦，再见;Rose and Crown;Sunset and Evening Star日落与金星59、James Joyce乔伊斯1882-1941：Dubiners都柏林人长篇小说：A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的画像;Ulysess尤利西斯;Finnegans Wake芬尼根的觉醒60、Virginia Woolf沃尔芙1882-1941长篇小说：Mrs Dalloway达洛威夫人;To the Lighthouse到灯塔去;Orlando奥兰多传;The Waves 浪;Flush弗乐希;Between the Acts幕间散文集：The Common Readers; The Death of the Moth and Other Essays; A Room of One’s Own; Three Guineas三个基尼亚名文：Modern Fiction现代小说日记：A Writer’s Diary61、David Herbert Lawrence劳伦斯1885-1930 The White Peacock白孔雀;Sons and Lovers儿子与情人;The Reinbow虹;Women in Love恋爱中的妇女;Lady Chatterley’s Lover查泰莱夫人的情人62、Katherine Mansfield曼斯菲尔德1888-1923 In a German Pension在一个德国公寓里;Blis 幸福;The Garden Party园会;The Dove’s Nest鸽巢;Something Childish幼稚集63、Thomas Stearns Eliot艾略特1888-1965诗集：Prufrock and Other Observation普鲁夫洛克及其他;The Waste Land荒原;The Hollow Men 空虚的人们;Ash-Wednesday圣灰星期三;Four Quarters诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂里的谋杀案;The Family Reunion团圆评论集：The Sacred Wood圣林;Homage to John Dryden向约翰•德莱顿致敬;For Lancelot Andrews纪念兰斯洛特•安德鲁斯64、Aldous Leonard Huxley赫胥黎1894-1963 Antic Hay滑稽的环舞;Point Counter Point旋律和对立;Brave New World新奇的世界;Letters书信集;Ape and Essence猿与本质;Eyeless in Gaza 加沙的盲人;After Many a Summer多少个夏天之后;The Doors of Perception感觉之门;Fairy Godmother天使教母(←Two or Three Graces雅事二三)65、John Boynton Priesley普里斯特利1899-小说：The English Comic Characters英国喜剧从物;The English Novel英国小说;The Good Companions好伙伴;Angel Pavement天使街;They Walk in the City;他们走在城市中；Let the People Sing让人们歌唱剧本：Dangerous Corner危险的转角;Time and the Conways时代与康威一家;In Inspector Calls 罪恶之家;When We Are Married;The Linden Tree普提树;Summer Day’s Dream夏日梦66、Hugh MacDiarmid麦克迪尔米德1892-1978 Sangshaw诗歌集;A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle醉汉看蓟;First/Second/Third Hymn to Lenin; In Memoriam James Joyce悼念乔伊斯;Collected Poems名诗：Why I Choose Red; Moonlight Among; The Pines; Third Hymn to Lenin67、Ivor Armstrong Richards理查兹1893-1979 Principles of Literary Criticism文学批评原理;Science and Poetry; Practical Criticism实用批评;Coleidge on Imagination柯尔律治论想象;The Philosophy of Rhetoric修辞哲学;Basic in Teaching :East and West教学基础（The Four Kinds of Meaning）;Basic English and It’s Uses基础英语及其应用68、Leshe Poles Hartley哈特利1895-1972短篇小说集：Night Fears and Other Stories黑夜的恐惧及其他故事(The Killing Bottle致命瓶;The White Wand白色魔杖) 论文集：The Novelist’s Responsibility长篇小说：Eustace and Hilda优斯塔斯与希尔达三部曲(The Shrimp and the Anemone虾与海葵);The Go-Between信使;The Hireling佣工；Facial Justice表面正义;The Boat;A Perfect Woman 一个完美的女人;The Betrayal背叛;My Sister’s Keeper妹妹的监护人69、Elizabeth Bowen鲍恩1899-1973 The Hotel旅舍;The House in Paris巴黎寓所;The Death of the Heart心死;The Heat of the Day炎日短篇小说集：Look at All Those Roses(Tears ,Idle Tears)70、Victor Sawdon Pritchett普里彻特1900-短篇小说：The Sailor水手;The Sense of Humour幽默感;Mr Beluncle贝伦克尔先生游记：The Spanish Temper西班牙性格评论集：Books in General书籍泛谈自传：A Cab at the Door: A Memoir马车在家门口：回忆录；Midnight Oil挑灯夜谈71、George Orwell奥威尔1903-1950小说：Down and Out in Paris and London巴黎伦敦落魄记;Homage to Catalonia向坎塔罗尼亚致敬;Animal Farm兽园;Nineteen Eighty-Four散文集：Dickens,Dali and Others狄更斯，达里及其他;Shooting on Elephant and Other Essays猎象记及其他;The Collected Essays,Journalism and Letters of George Orwell in Four V olumes奥威尔散文，新闻写作及书信集名文：Lear Tolstoy and The Fool72、Frank O’connor奥康纳1903-1966The Lonely V oice:A Study of the Short Story寂寞之声：短篇小说研究自传：An Only Son独生子;My Father’s Son;The Backward Look:A Survey of Irish Literature爱尔兰文学回顾短篇小说集：Collection Two:Stories by Frank O’connor(Private Property私有财产)73、Evelyn Waugh伊夫林•沃1903-1966长篇小说：Decline and Fall没落与堕落;Vile Bodies行尸走肉;A Handful of Dust 一撮灰尘;Black Mischief黑色的祸害;Scoop挖新闻;Put out More Flags多升几面旗;Bridgeshead Revisited重游布赖兹海德(Men at Arms行伍生涯;Officers and Gentlemen军官与绅士;Unconditional Surrender无条件投降→The Sword of Honour荣誉之剑三部曲)自传：A Little Learning一点学问（三部只成一部）短篇小说集：Mr Loveday’s Little Outing and Other Sad Stories洛弗戴先生一次短暂的外出与其他悲惨故事74、Christopher Isherwood 衣修午德1904- All the Conspirators所有的阴谋者;Mr Norris Changeds Traits诺里斯先生换火车;Sally Bowles萨利•鲍尔斯（选自《再见吧，柏林》）;Journey to a War战地行;Prater Violet紫罗兰姑娘;The World in the Evening夜晚的世界;Down there onA Visit在那儿进行访问;A Single Man单身汉;A Meeting by the River河畔相会75、Graham Greene格雷厄姆•格林1904- 消遣：Stamboul Train斯坦布尔列车;A Gun for Sale 一支出卖的枪;Our Man in Havana我们在哈瓦纳的人严肃：The Power and the Glory权力与荣誉;The Heart of the Matter问题的核心;The End of the Affair爱情的结局;The Quiet American; The Comedians喜剧演员;The Human Favor人的因素76、Charles Percy Snow斯诺1905-1980 Strangers and Brothers陌生人与兄弟们;The Light and the Dark光明与黑暗;Time of Hope希望的时刻;The Masters院长们;The New Men新人; Homecoings归家;The Conscience of the Rich富人的良心;The Affairs事件;Corridors of Power 权力走廊;The Sleep of Reason理智沉眠;Last Things结局77、Peter Courtney Quennell昆纳尔1905- Byron: The Year of Fame拜伦：盛名时期;Byron in Italy ;Byron: A Self-Portrait拜伦：一幅自我画像;A History of English Literature; Four Portraits: Studies of the 18th Century四幅画像：关于十八世纪的研究78、William Empson燕卜荪1906-诗集：Poems; The Gathering Storm酝酿中的风暴;Collected Poems名诗：Legal Fiction; Homage to the British Museum论著：Seven Types of Ambiguity晦涩的七种类型;Some Versions of Pastoral田园诗的几种变化；The Structure of Complex Words复合词的结构79、Wystan Hugh Auden奥登1907-1973诗集：Poems; The Orators雄辩家;Look,Stranger!瞧，陌生人;Spain诗剧：The Dog Beneath the Skin皮下之狗;The Ascent,F6攀登F6;On the Frontier边界上The Sea and the Mirror海与镜;The Age of Anxiety忧虑时代;The Shield of Achilles阿基琉斯的盾牌;Homage to Clio向克奥女神致敬;About the House屋子内外散文评论集：The Dyer’s Hand染工之手;Secondary World次要的世界名诗：Who’s Who; The Unknown Citizen; Their Lonely Betters80、William Golding戈尔丁1911-长篇小说：Lord of the Flies蝇王;The Inheritors继承人;Pincher Martin平却•马丁;The Spire塔尖;The Pyramid金字塔81、Angus Wilson威尔逊1913-小说：The Wrong Set and Other Storie乱了套和其他短篇故事s; Anglo-Saxon Attitudes盎格鲁撒克逊态度;The Middle Age of Mrs Eliot艾略特夫人的中年;The Old Men at the Zoo; Late Call 夜访;As if by Magic象是用了魔术评论：Emile Zole爱弥尔•佐拉;The World of Charles Dickens; The Strange Ride of Rudyard Kipling吉卜林的奇异旅程82、Dylon Thomas迪伦•托马斯1914-1953诗：Eighteen Poems; The Map of Love爱的地图;Deaths and Entrances死亡与出场;Collected Poems自传：Portrait of the Artist as a Young Dog作为一条小狗的艺术家画像广播剧：Under the Milk Wood 名诗：Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night83、Muriel Sarah Spark斯帕克1918- The Comforter安慰者;The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie琼•布罗迪小姐的黄金时代;The Diver’s Seat司机的座位;The Abbess of Crewe克鲁女修道院院长;Loitering with Intent存心游戏;Collected Stories I短篇小说集（一）84、Richard Lessing多丽丝•莱辛1919- The Grass is Singing草儿在歌唱;Children of Violence 暴力和孩子们(Martha Quest玛莎•金奎特;A Proper Marriage正当的婚姻;A Ripple from the Storm暴风雨掀起的涟漪;Landlocked被陆地围住的;The Four-gated City四门城);The Golden Notebook金色笔记;Briefing for a Descent into Hell堕入地狱简况;The Summer before the Dark 85、Iris Murdoch默多克1919- Under the Net在网下;The Bel钟l; A Severed Head砍掉的头;The Black Prince黑衣王子;The Sea,The Sea大海啊，大海86、Philip Larkin拉金1922-诗：The North Ship北方船;Jill; A Girl in Winter诗集：The Less Deceived受骗较少的人;The Whitsun Weddings降灵节婚礼;High Windows高窗名诗：Church Going; Reason for Attendance87、Kingsley Amis 金斯莱•艾米斯1922-小说：Lucky Jim幸运的吉姆;My Enemy’s Enemy我的敌人的敌人;One Fat Englishman一个英国胖子;That Uncertain Feeling那种不安感;Take a Girl Like You爱你这样的姑娘;Ending up死88、John Wain韦恩1925-长篇小说：Hurry on Down大学后的漂泊;Living in the Present生活在当代;The Contenders竞争者;Strike the Father Dead打死父亲;A Winter in the Hills山中寒冬短篇小说集：The Life Guard救生员89、Brian Wilson Aldiss奥尔迪斯1925- The Brightfountain Diaries明泉日记; The Billion Year Spree:The History of Science Fiction科幻小说史;Best SF Stories of Brian W Aldiss奥尔迪斯最佳科幻故事集(Outside外界)90、Alan Sillitoe西利托1928- Saturday Night and Sunday Morning; The General; Key to the Door; A Tree on Fire; A Start in Life一位长跑运动员的孤独;The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner捡破烂人的女儿;The Ragman’s Daughter;The Windower’s Son91、John Osborne奥斯本1929- Look back in Anger愤怒的回顾;Lurther; Inadmissible Evidence 不能接受的证据;Time Present and Hotel in Amsterdam目前和阿姆斯特丹的旅馆92、Ted Hughs特德•休斯1930- The Hawk in the Rain雨中鹰;Lupercal卢泼卡尔神(Hawk of Roosting);Scapegoats and Rabies替罪羊与狂犬病;Wodwo沃德沃怪物;Crow乌鸦Songs of Woe哀歌93、Arnold Wesker韦斯克1932-剧本：The Wesker Triology韦斯克三部曲(Chicken Soup with Barley大麦鸡汤;Roots;I’m Talking about Jerusalem0;The Four Seasons; The Friends; The Journalists新闻记者;Caritas Christi卡里塔斯•克里斯蒂94、Margaret Drabble德雷伯尔1939-小说：A Summer Bird-cage夏日的鸟笼;The Garrick Year茄立克年;The Millstone磨石;The Needle’s Eye针眼;The Realms of Gold黄金世界;The Ice Age冰期。
British Literature1.450-1066Old Englisha)Beowulf(7th-8th)头韵alliteration1.Pagan heroism&Fatalism&Christian2.Poem3.Scene:Denmark2.1066-1485Medieval Age French/Latina)Caedmon(610-680)the earliest English poet1.Caedmon’s Hymnb)Bede(673-735)Father of Historiography英国史学之父1.Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorumc)King Alfred(848-901)Wessex Father of English Prose1.Anglo-Saxon Chronicled)William Langland(1332-1400)1.Piers the Plowmane)Geoffrey Chaucer(1343-1400)Father of English Poetry;1st to use Heroic Couplet英雄双行体;Poet of Westminster Abbey1.The Canterbury Tales24stories2.The Romaunt of the Rose翻译的发过作品3.The Legend of good Women4.The House of Famef)The Gawain-Poet(无名诗人)1.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight(1360-1370)头韵alliterationg)Sir Thomas Malory(1405-1471)1.Le Morte d’Arthur(The Death of Arthur)(1470)第一部关于亚瑟王传奇故事的英语散文作品3.14th-17th Renaissance Humanism;Poetry&Poeticdramaa)Thomas More(1478-1535)Humanist1.Utopiab)Philip Sidney(1554-1586)the complete man1.Astrophel and Stella被认为是伊丽莎白时代除莎士比亚外最好的十四行诗2.The Defence of Poesie(or Apology for Poetry)最早英语散文之一c)Edmund Spenser(1552-1599)Poet’s poet;Spenserian Stanza1.The Faerie Queene Allegorical work dedicated to Queen ElizabethⅠ2.The Shepherd Calendard)Francis Bacon(1561-1626)唯物主义；现代科学；1st English essayist1.Essays58篇2.The Advancement of Learning3.The New Instrumente)Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)greatest of the pioneers of English Drama;most gifted ofthe“university wits”;blank verse1.Tamburlaine人性对权力的渴求2.Te Tragical History of Doctor Faustus人性对知识、幸福的渴求f)William Shakespeare(1564-1616)Ben Johnson:was not of an age,but for all timei.154sonnets:first126addressed to the young nobleman;later28to Dark Ladyii.4tragedies:Hamlet;King Lear;Othello;Macbethedies:A Midsummer Night’s DreamAs you like itMerchant of VeniceTwelfth NightMuch Ado About Nothing无事生非The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记iv.Tragicomedy:Romeo and Julietv.Chronicle Play:1.亨利六、四、五、八世2.理查德三、二世3.凯撒4.Cleopatra克莉奥帕特拉vi.Miracle Play:1.Pericles2.Cymbeline3.The Winter’s Tale4.The Tempestg)Ben Johnson(1572-1637)Forerunner of classicism;first Poet Laureate1.Every Man in His Humour个性互异2.Song:To Celia英语中最有名的爱情诗之一3.Volpone4.The Alchemist炼金术士h)John Donne(1572-1631)Metaphysical school of poetry奇特的比喻1.Songs and Sonnets best known poem collection;Love主题2.The Flea3.The Sun Rising4.The Holy Sonnets5.Death,Be Not Proud6.Go and Catch a Falling Star7.A Valediction:Forbidding Mourningi)John Milton(1608-1674)1st to use blank verse in non-dramatic works1.Paradise Lost12books;from Old Testment;a revolt against God’s authority2.Paradise Regained New Testment;how Christ overcame Santa3.Samson Agonistes poetical drama;Book of Judges士师记4.Defence of the English people5.Second Defence of the English People4.Mid17th-18th Neoclassical Period early17th:Age of Milton;late17th:Age ofDrydenPoetryMetaphysical poets:17th初受John Donne影响a)John Dryden(1631-1700)Father of English Criticism、桂冠诗人1.All for Love2.Alexander’s Feast3.An Essay of Dramatic Poesy使其成为当时最杰出的批评家b)John Bunyan(1628-1688)英国文学史上首位小说家1.The Pilgrim’s Progress成名作religious allegory与《神曲》（但丁）、《忏悔录》（奥古斯丁）并称为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作2.The Holy War3.The life and Death of Mr.Badmanc)Samuel Pepys(1633-1731)17th最伟大的diaristd)Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)Father of English and European novels现实主义小说代表作家1.Robison Crusoe2.A journal of the Plague year3.Captain Singletone)Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)以Satirical Prose闻名1.Gulliver’s Travel2.A Tale of a Tub3.A Modest proposal4.The Drapier’s lettersf)Alexander Pope(1688-1744)英雄双行体登峰造极1.An Essay on Criticism2.An Essay on Man3.The Rape of the Lock4.Odysseyg)Samuel Richardson(1689-1761)founder of the English domestic novel现实主义小说代表作家1.Pamela2.Clarissa3.The History of Sir Charles Grandisonh)Henry Fielding(1707-1754)现实主义小说先驱，现实注意理论奠基人1.Amelia2.The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling代表作，获称Prose Homer3.Joseph Andrewsi)Samuel Johnson(1709-1784)著名词汇家，第一部英语字典的编者1.A Dictionary of the English Language2.The Vanity of Human Wishes3.Londonj)Lawrence Sterne(1713-1768)k)Thomas Gray(1716-1771)1.Elegy Written in a country churchyard2.Ode on the springl)Oliver Goldsmith(1730-1774)1.The Vicar of Wakefield2.She Stoops to Conquerm)Richard Brinsley Sheridan(1751-1816)18世纪最伟大的剧作家1.The school for the scandal2.The Rivals5.Mid-18th–mid-19th Romantic Perioda)Robert Burns(1759-1796)苏格兰最伟大的诗人；前浪漫主义代表诗人1.A Red,Red Rose2.Auld Lang Syme3.The Tree of Liberty4.Holy Willie’s Praiser5.My Heart’s in the Highlands6.A Man’s A Man for A’That7.Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialectb)William Blake(1767-1827)19世纪浪漫主义先驱1.Songs of Experience2.Songs of Innocence3.Poetical Sketches4.The marriage of heaven and hellc)William Wordsworth(1770-1850)湖畔诗人最杰出代表；1843桂冠诗人1.Lyrical Ballads2.To the Cuckoo3.My Heart leaps upd)Walter Scott(1771-1832)Father of Historical NovelEdinburg1.Ivanhoe英国历史为背景2.Waverley3.The Black Dwarf4.Rob Roy苏格兰历史为背景5.Old Mortality6.Quentin Durward欧洲其他国家历史为背景7.The Lady of the Lake8.The Minstrlsy of the Scottish Bordere)Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834)湖畔诗人1.Kubla Khan忽必烈汗2.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner3.The Fall of the Bastille4.Christabelf)Robert Southey(1774-1843)湖畔诗人；1813桂冠诗人1.Joan of Arc圣女贞德2.The Battle of Blenheim3.My Days among the Dead Are Past4.Thalaba the Destroyer5.The Curse of Kehamag)Charles Lamb(1775-1834)散文家1.Tales from Shakespeare2.Essays of Elia3.New Year’s Eve4.The Praise of Chimney Sweepers5.Old Chinah)Jane Austen(1775-1817)1.Emma2.Sense and Sensibility3.Pride and Prejudice4.Mansfield Park5.Persuasioni)George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)1.Cain2.Don Juan3.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimagej)Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)1.Ode to the West Wind2.Ode to the Skylark3.Prometheus unbounded4.The Necessity of Atheism5.Queen Mabk)John Keats(1795-1821)1.Ode to Autumn2.Ode to a nightingale3.Ode on a Grecian um希腊古瓷颂4.Isabellal)Mary Shelley(1797-1851)1.Frankenstein第一部科幻小说6.1836-1901Victorian Perioda)Elizabeth Barrett Browning(1806-1861)1.Sonnets from the Portuguese2.The Cry of the Childrenb)Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892)19th最高产的诗人;1850桂冠诗人；Poet of thePeople1.In Memoriam悼念朋友A.H.Hallam2.The Princess3.Idylls of the King4.Break,Break,Break5.Poems by Two Brothers6.Enoch Arden7.Maudc)Mrs.Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell(1810-1865)英国小说史上首批把工人阶级与资本家的斗争些人小说的作家之一1.Mary Barton2.Life of Charlotte Bronte3.North and Southd)William Makepeace Thackeray(1811-1863)critical realism1.Vanity Fair塑造了19th贵族资产阶级的典型形象2.Henry Esmond3.The Newcomese)Charles Dickens(1812-1870)1.Oliver Twist2.The Pickwick Papers3.Sketches by Boz4.The Old Curiosity Shop5.David Copperfield his favorite6.Dombey and Son7.American Notes8.A Tale of Two Cities French Revolution;Paris,London9.Bleak House10.Hard Times11.Great Expectationsf)Robert Browning(1812-1889)诗人及剧作家;戏剧独白诗Dramatic monologues1.My Last Duchess独白诗代表2.Men and Women3.The Ring and the Book奠定位列伟大诗人的作品4.Home Thoughts from Abroad5.Meeting at Night6.Dramatic Lyrics7.Strafford8.Dramatic Romances an Lyricsg)Charlotte Bronte(1816-1855)1.Jane Eyre女性主义代表作品2.Shirleyh)Emily Bronte(1818-1848)1.Wuthering Heights诗歌式的语言，多视角i)Anne Bronte(1820-1849)1.Agnes Greyj)George Eliot(1819-1880)原名：Mary Ann Evans;Realism;Psychological insights“1st novelist to start putting al the actions inside”--DH Lawrence1.Adam Bede2.The Mill on the Floss3.Silas Marner4.Middlemarchk)William Morris(1830-1896)principal founder of the British Arts and Crafts movement1.The Earthly Paradise2.News form Nowhere3.A Dream of John Ball4.Chants of Socialism5.Pilgrims of Hopel)Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)Wessex多数小说展开的地点，古七国之一1.Far from the Madding Crowd2.Jude the Obscure3.Tess of the D’Urbervilles男人无法掌控自己的命运4.The Mayor of Casterbridge5.The Return of the Nativem)Robert Stevenson(1850-1894)苏格兰散文家、诗人、小说家；新浪漫主义杰出代表1.Treasure Island金银岛2.The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde化身博士3.Kidnapped4.New Arabian Nights新天方夜谭5.A Child’s Garden of Verses6.Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes7.An Inland Voyagen)Oscar Wilde(1854-1900)爱尔兰诗人、剧作家、小说家、散文家、Aestheticism 唯美主义代表1.The Importance of Being Earnest2.The Picture of Dorian Gray唯一的小说dy Windermere’s Fan4.The Happy Prince and Other Tales5.AN Ideal Husband6.A Woman of No Importanceo)Joseph Conrad(1857-1924)波兰裔小说家1.The Nigger of the Narcissus2.Heart of Darkness黑暗之心3.Lord Jim吉姆老爷4.Youth7.20th Modern Perioda)George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950)生于爱尔兰都柏林1925诺奖1.Major Barbara2.Mrs.Warren’s Profession3.Widowers’Houses Joan4.Pygmalion改编成音乐剧My Fair Lady5.Saint Joan圣女贞德赢得诺奖6.The Quintessence of Ibsenism7.John Bull’s Other Island8.Man and Supermanb)William Butler Yeats(1865-1939)爱尔兰诗人、剧作家；1923首位爱尔兰诺奖得主；早期英国象征主义symbolism诗歌代表1.When you are Old2.The Autumn of the Body3.The Wind among the Reeds4.The Land of Heart’s Desire5.The Tower6.The Wild Swan at Coole7.Sailing to Byzantium8.The Second Coming9.Leda and the Swanc)Herbert George Wells(1866-1946)forerunner of modern science fiction1.The Time Machined)John Galsworthy(1867-1933)20th realistic writer;1932诺奖1.The Forsyte Saga most famous trilogya)The Man of Propertyb)In Chanceryc)To Let2.A Modern Comedya)The White Monkeyb)The Silver Spoonc)Swan Song剧本：3.The Silver Box4.Strifee)W.S.Maugham(1874-1965)剧作家，小说、短篇小说家1.Of Human Bondage2.The Moon and Sixpencef) E.M.Forster(1879-1970)讽刺；20th社会阶级不平等及伪善1.A Room with a View2.A Passage to India3.Where Angels Fear to Tread4.Howards Endg)James Joyce(1882-1941)意识流1.Dubliners短篇小说集；共15篇；20世纪中下层市民生活2.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man半自传体3.Ulysses现代主义在文学的重要体现；非传统小说；现代散文体史诗；4.Finnegans Wakeh)Virginia Woolf(1882-1941)stream of consciousness；poetic style;feminist1.Mrs.Dalloway2.A Room of One’s Own3.To the Lighthouse4.The Waves5.Three Guineas6.Jacob’s Room7.Orlandoi)David Herbert Lawrence(1885-1930)小说家、诗人1.Sons and Lovers自传体小说；Oedipus Complex2.The Rainbow3.The White Peacock4.Women in Love结构上比其他的小说更出色dy Chatterley’s Loverwrence Trilogy:a)A Collier’s Friday Nightb)The Daughter-in-Lawc)The Widowing of Mrs.Holroyedj)T.S.Eliot(1888-1965)1948诺奖；modernist；诗人；剧作家；评论家1.The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock戏剧独白诗；意识流2.Ash Wednesday3.The Waste Land一战后人们精神上的堕落4.Four Quartets后期主要诗作k)Katharine Mansfield(1888-1923)女；英国小说家1.Bliss2.The Garden Partyl)George Orwell(1903-1950)novelist&journalist1.Animal Farm2.19843.Homage to Catalonia记述西班牙内战m)Samuel Beckett(1906-1989)1969诺奖，forerunner of Absurd Drama荒诞派戏剧1.Waiting for Godotn)William Golding(1911-1994)小说家，诗人，剧作家，诺奖1.Lord of the Flies2.The Inheritorso)Doris Lessing(1919-2013)2007诺奖1.The Golden Notebookp)John Osborne(1929-1994)Angry Young Man领军人物1.Look Back in AngerAmerican Literaturete-16th-mid-17th Literature o Colonial Settlementsa)The Bay Psalmbook first book in Anglo-America;希伯来文-->英文b)John Smith(1580-1631)1.A True Relation of Virginia2.A Map of Virginia:with a Description of the Countryc)Anne Bradstreet(1612-1672)1st notable poet1.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America2.Contemplationsd)Edward Taylor(1642-1729)conservative Puritan minister;Metaphysical Poets1.God’s Determinations Touching his Electe)Jonathan Edwards(1703-1758)most famed preachers of the Great Awakening1.Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God2.The Freedom of the Will3.The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended4.The Nature of True Virtue2.mid-17th-18th Revolution of Independencea)Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)1.A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;2.Poor Richard’s Almanack穷查理历书；3.The Way to Wealth致富之道；4.The Autobiography自传b)Thomas Paine(1737-1909)1.The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；mon Sense常识；3.American Crisis美国危机；4.Rights of Man人的权利：5.Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；6.The Age of Reason理性时代c)Philip Freneau(1752-1832)poet of American revolution;father of American Poetry1.The British Prison Ship英国囚船；2.The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；3.To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；4.The Wild Honeysuckle野金银花；5.The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地(lyric)d)Phillis Wheatley(1754-1784)美国史上首位黑人女诗人1.On Messrs Hussey and Coffine)William Dunlap(1766-1839)美国喜剧先驱1.History of the American Theater2.Major Andre3.18th-19th Romanticisma)Washington Irving(1783-1859)美国文学之父1.A History of New York纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；2.The Sketch Book见闻札记浪漫注意的开端，美国文学史上第一部短篇小说集a)The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；b)Rip Van Winkle3.Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；4.Talks of Travellers旅客谈；5.The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉b)James Fenimore Cooper(1789-1851)frontier sagas and sea adventure tales1.The Spy间谍;2.The Pilot领航者;3.The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;4.Leather Stocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:a)The Pioneer拓荒者；b)The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;c)The Prairie大草原;d)The Pathfinder探路者;e)The Deerslayer杀鹿者c)William Cullen Bryant(1794-1878)1.To a Waterfowl用美国英语写作的最完美的短诗2.Thanatpsis3.The Yellow Violetd)Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803-1882)Transcendentalism运动领袖1.Concord Hymn康考德颂;2.The Rhodo杜鹃花;3.The Humble Bee野蜂;4.Days日子-首开自由诗之先河5.Essays散文集:6.Nature论自然新英格兰超验主义者的宣言The Bible of Transcendentalism;Manifesto of American Transcendentalism;7.The American Scholar论美国学者;Intellectual Declaration of Independence8.Divinity;The Oversoul论超灵9.Self-reliance论自立;10.The Transcendentalist超验主义者;11.Representative Men代表人物;12.English Traits英国人的特征;13.School Address神学院演说e)Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804-1864)人性的原罪1.Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事2.Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗3.The Scarlet Letter红字1st symbolic novel;Hester Prynne4.The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子--------心理若们罗曼史5.Fanshaw6.The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇7.The Marble Faun玉石雕像f)Henry Wadsworth Longfellow(1807-1882)诗人角1.The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌----美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗2.Voices of the Night夜吟3.Ballads and Other Poens民谣及其他诗4.Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗5.Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事6.诗集：a)An April Day四月的一天b)A Psalm of Life人生礼赞最出名的一首短诗c)Paul Revere’s Ride保罗·里维尔的夜奔d)Evangeline伊凡吉琳e)The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚----叙事长诗；f)Poems on Slavery奴役篇---反蓄奴组诗g)Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1848)father of psychoanalytic criticism and detective story1.Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集2.Tales故事集3.The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌4.Ligeia莱琪儿5.Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李-----歌特风格；6.Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗7.Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems艾尔·阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗8.The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗:a)The Raven乌鸦b)The City in the Sea海城c)Israfel伊斯拉菲尔d)To Hellen致海伦h)Henry David Thoreau(1817-1862)1.Walden2.Civil Disobedience3.A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Riversi)Herman Melville(1819-1891)1.Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鲸；2.Typee泰比3.Omoo奥穆4.Mardi玛地5.Redburn雷得本6.White Jacket白外衣7.Pierre皮尔埃8.Piazza广场故事9.Billy Budd比利·巴德j)Walt Whitman(1819-1892)1.Leaves of Grass草叶集第一部真正的史诗a)Song of Myself自我之歌b)I Sit Here and Look Outc)Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking2.O Captain!O Captain!3.Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌4.I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱5.When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花开时6.Democratic Vistas民主的前景7.The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题k)Emily Dickson(1830-1886)romantic poet;1,800poems1.The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森诗集-----a)Because I Could Not Stop for Deathb)I Died for Beauty-But Was Scarcec)I’m Nobody.Who Are You？d)This is My Letter to the Worlde)I Heard a Fly Buzz When I die4.19th-20th Realisma)Harriet Beecher Stowe(1811-1896)1.Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋2.A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片3.The Minister’s Wooing牧师的求婚4.The Pearl of Orr’s Island奥尔岛的珍珠5.Oldtown Folks老城的人们b)Mark Twain(1835-1910)美国文学史上的林肯；first truly American writer-Faulkner1.The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙2.The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出国记3.The Gilded Age镀金时代4.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索耶历险记5.The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿6.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记现代美国文学之源-海明威7.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬8.The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊9.Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·达克10.The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人11.How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事---对美国早期幽默文学的总结c)William Dean Howells(1837-1920)现实主义奠基人1.The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹代表着2.A Modern Instance一个现代的例证3.A Hazard of Now Fortunes《新财富的危害》d)Henry James(1843-1916)与豪威尔斯齐名；关注人物复杂心理1.Daisy Miller黛西米勒；2.The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；3.The Bostonians波士顿人；4.The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；5.The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；6.The Ambassadors大使；7.The Golden Bowl金碗8.评论集：French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家a)Hawthorne霍桑b)Partial Portraits不完全的画像c)Notes and Reviews札记与评论d)Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术e)O.Henry(1862-1910)美国短篇小说之父f)Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945)1.Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹2.Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘3.Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic斯多葛)4.An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）5.Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗6.The Genius天才g)Stephen Crane(1871-1900)自然主义、印象主义1.Maggie:A Girl of the Streets街头女郎梅姬（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）；2.The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章；3.The Open Boat小划子4.The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘来到黄天镇h)Jack London(1876-1916)1.The Son of the Wolf狼之子2.The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤3.The Sea-wolf海狼4.White Fang白獠牙5.The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们6.The Iron Heel铁蹄7.Marti Eden马丁·伊登8.How I become a Socialist我怎样成为社会党人9.The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争10.What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么11.Revolution革命12.Love of Life热爱生活13.The Mexican墨西哥人14.The Law of Life生活的法则15.Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下i)Sherwood Anderson(1876-1941)1.Winesburg,Ohio由发生在小镇上的23个相关小故事构成j)Edwin Arlington Robinson(1869-1935)1920s最伟大的诗人；作品有自然主义特色1.Tilbury Town2.The House on the Hill3.Richard Cory4.Miniver Cheevy5.20th-Modernisma)Robert Lee Frost(1874-1963)诗作关于新英格兰的风景和人;四次1.New Hampshireb)Wallace Stevens(1879-1955)1.Harmonium风琴2.Sunday Morning礼拜天早晨3.The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦c)Erza Pound(1885-1972)美国现代诗歌之父；意象派1.In a Station of the Metro2.The Cantos3.A Virginal4.A Pact5.Salutation the Second6.The Spirit of Romance罗曼司精神7.The Anthology Des Imagistes意像派诗选8.Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）9.Literary Essays文学论10.Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley11.A Few Don’ts by Imagiste意像派戒条12.Personage面具13.Polite Essays文雅集14.The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）d)Sinclair Lewis(1885-1951)第一位成为诺奖得主的美国作家1.Dur Mr Wrenn我们的雷恩先生2.The Job求职3.The Main Street大先进4.Babbitt巴比特5.Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯6.Elmer Gantry艾尔默·甘特里7.Dodsworth多兹沃斯8.It can’t Happen Here事情不会发生在这里9.Kingsblood Royal王孙梦e)Eugene Galdstone O’Neill(1888-1953)1936诺奖1.Long Day’s Journey into Night长夜漫漫路迢迢代表作；自传性质2.Beyond the Horizon3.Desire Under the Elms4.The Iceman Cometh5.The Hairy Apef)Thomas Stearns Eliot(1888-1965)1.Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）2.The Waste Land荒原3.The Burial of the Dead死者的葬礼4.A Game of Chess弈棋5.The Fire Sermon火诫6.Death by Water水边之死7.The Hollow Man空心人8.The Sacred Wood圣林9.Gerontion小老头10.What the Thunder Said雷电之言11.名诗：Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三12.Four Quarters四个四重奏13.诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案14.Family Reunion大团圆15.Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会g)Pearl S.Buck(1892-1973)赛珍珠1934年前主要在中国；1932普利策；1938诺奖（美国历史上第一个）1.The Good Earth大地获得普利策小说奖h) E.E.Cummings(1894-1962)Forerunner of Concrete Poetry and Visual Poetry1.Tulips and Chimneys郁金香与烟囱2.The Enormous Room大房间3.XLI Poems诗41首4.Viva万岁5.No,Thanks不，谢谢6.Collected Poems诗集7.Eimi爱米（访苏游记）i) F.Scott Fitzgerald(1896-1940)迷惘的的一代;Spokesman of the Jazz Age1.The Side of Paradise人间天堂2.The Beautiful and the Damned美丽与毁灭3.The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比4.Tender in the Night夜色温柔5.The Last Tycoon最后的巨头6.短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们7.Tales of the Jazz爵士时代的故事8.Taps at Reveille早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace冰宫9.May Days五一节10.The Diamond as Big as the Ritz像里茨饭店那样大的钻石11.Winter Dreams冬天的梦12.The Rich Boy富家子弟13.Babylon Revisted重访巴比伦敦14.The Crack-up崩溃（自传体文集j)William Faulkner(1897-1962)1950诺奖；南方新旧之间冲突的史诗式描写1.The Sound and the Fury lost innocence;意识流2.The Hamlet3.The Town4.The Mansion5.A Fable6.Absalom,Absalom!Historical novel7.Go Down,Moses8.As I Lay Dying9.Light in August10.A Rose for Emilyk)Ernest Hemingway(1899-1961)迷惘的一代（Gertrude Stein首先使用；“你们都是迷惘的一代”被作为<太阳照样升起>的卷首语）；iceberg principle;1954诺奖；1953普利策奖1.In Our Time在我们的年代里2.The Torrents of Spring春潮3.The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起4.Farewell to Arms永别了，武器5.For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣6.短篇小说：Men Without Women没有女人的男人7.The Winners Take Notheing胜者无所获8.The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇9.政论：To Have and Have Not贫与富回忆录：A Moveable Feast到处逍遥l)Vladimir Nabokov(1899-1977)俄罗斯裔长短篇小说家、诗人1.Lolitam)John Steinbeck(1902-1968)经济大萧条时期最杰出的小说家；1962诺奖；1940普利策奖1.Cup of Gold金杯2.Tortilla Flat煎饼房3.In Dubious Battle胜负未定4.Of Mice and Men鼠和人5.The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄经济大萧条时期的美国现状6.The Moon is Down月落7.Cannery Row罐头厂街8.The Pearl珍珠9.The Winter of Or Discontent10.The Pastures of Heaven11.短篇小说：The Red Pony小红马12.The Great Mountains大山13.The Promise许诺14.The Leader of the People人们的领袖n)Langston Hughes(1902-1967)1.Mulatto混血儿（剧本）2.The Weary Blues疲倦的歌声3.Dear Lovely Death亲爱的死神4.Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚5.I Wonder as I Wander我漂泊我思考6.The Best of Simple辛普尔精选o)Isaac Bashevis Singer(1904-1991)1978诺奖1.The Magician of Lublin鲁柏林的魔术师p)Tennessee Williams(1911-1983)二战后最杰出剧作家；关注现代人的寂寞和孤立1.American Blues美国的布鲁斯2.Battle of Angels天使的战斗3.The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园4.The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车获得普利策奖；揭露暴力和性变态主题5.Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫6.The Night of The Iguana鬣蜥之夜7.Summer and Smoke夏与烟8.The Rose Tattoo玫瑰纹9.Sweet Bird of Yout可爱的青春鸟q)WIBernard Malamud(1914-1986)1.The Assistant店员r)Ralph Ellison(1914-1994)1.看不见的人s)William Burroughs(1914-1997)垮掉一代的重要作家；后现代主义的重要作家1.Naked Lunch裸体午餐t)Arthur Miller(1915-2005)1.Situation Normal情况正常2.The Man Who Had All the Luck吉星高照的人3.All My Sons都是我的儿子4.The Death of a Salesman推销员代表着；获得普利策戏剧奖；托尼戏剧音乐奖；美国梦造成的悲剧5.The Crucible严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫6.A View from the Bridge桥头眺望7.A Memory of Two Mondays两个星期一的回忆8.After the Fall堕落之后9.Incident at Vichy维希事件10.The Price代价11.The Creation of the World and Other Business创世及其他12.The Archbishop’s Ceiling大主教的天花板13.The American Clock美国时钟u)Saul Bellow(1915-2005)1976诺奖1.Dangling Man晃来晃去的人2.Humboldt’s Gift洪堡的礼物3.Seize the Day勿失良辰v)Jerome David Salinger(1919-2010)1.长篇小说：The Catcher in the Rye麦田里的守望者2.短篇小说：The Young Folks年轻人短篇小说集：Nine Stories故事九篇3.中篇小说：Franny弗兰尼4.Zooey卓埃5.Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters木匠们，把屋梁升高6.Seymour:An Introduction西摩其人w)Jack Kerouac(1922-1969)the beat generation1.On the Road自传性质x)Joseph Heller(1923-1999)讽刺小说家；短篇小说家；剧作家；黑色幽默1.长篇小说：Catch-22第二十二条军规黑色幽默代表2.Something Happened出了毛病3.As Good as Gold像高尔德一样好4.剧本：We Bombed in New Haven我们轰炸纽黑文5.Catch-226.Clevinger’s Trial克莱文杰受审（据Catch-22第八章）y)Allen Ginsberg(1926-1997)The Beat Generation;1.Howl与惠特曼《自我之歌》、艾略特《荒原》为美国文学重要长诗z)Edward Albee(1928-)受荒诞派戏剧和残酷戏剧的影响1.The Zoo Story动物园的故事2.The Death of Bessie Smith贝西·史密斯之死3.The Sandbox沙箱4.The American Dream美国梦5.Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫代表作6.Tiny Alice小爱丽丝7.A Delicate Balance脆弱的羊群8.Seascape海景9.The Lady from Dubuque来自杜布克的女人10.The Man With Three Arms在臂人aa)Toni Morrison(1931-)1993诺奖；第一个获得诺奖的非洲裔美国女作家1.The Bluest Eye2.Song of Solomon3.Beloved宠儿ab)John Updike(1932-2009)sweet lonesome singer of Protestant mediocrity1.Rabbit Series:a)Rabbit,Runb)Rabbit Reduxc)Rabbit is Richd)Rabbit at Restac)Alice Walker(1944-)第一位获得普利策奖的黑人女作家1.Everyday Use日用家当2.The Color Purple紫色a)Samuel Butler Erehwon埃瑞璜乌托邦，讽刺英国社会b)Edith Wharton现实主义作家1.The House of Mirth欢乐之家2.The Age of Innocence天真时代讽刺暴发户的庸俗和私利、上层社会狭隘的文化和传统观念c)Upton Sinclair1.The Jungle屠宰场芝加哥屠宰场剥削工人的小说。
专业八级备考英美文学知识纲要注：黄色部分为往年已考过的内容。
英国文学Old and Medieval English literature (5th-15th century) 10661. Beowulf oldest English epic2. medieval romance Arthurian romances, knight3. Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales in heroic couplet4. popular ballads Robin Hood stories and the ballad meterThe English Renaissance—Humanism, drama (16th century)1. Edmund Spenser Faerie Queene in the Spenserian stanza, allegorical romance2.Christopher Marlowe The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, Tamburlaine the Great3.William Shakespearea)Major tragedies: Hamlet; Othello; King Lear; Macbethb)Major comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream; The Merchant of V enice; As YouLike It; The Twelfth Night; Romeo and Julietc)Sonnet 184.Francis Bacon Essays“Of Studies” some quotes from the essay5.King James’s or The Authorized Bible (1604)The 17th Century—Turbulent and gloomy1.John Donne and Metaphysical Poetry “The Flea”, “Valediction: ForbiddingMourning”2.John Milton: Paradise Lost rebellious spirit, Miltonic style, blank verse3.John Bunyan: The Pilgrim’s Progress allegory, satire, Vanity FairThe 18th Century—Age of Reason and common sense1.Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders2.Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels, “A Modest Proposal”3.Neoclassicism and Alexander Pope4.Samuel Johnson Letter to the Right Honourable The Earl of Chesterfield5.Henry Fielding The History of Tom Jones, A Foundling6.Robert Burns: “A Red, Red Rose”“Auld Lang Syne”7.William Blake: Songs of Innocence, Songs of Experience, “The Tyger”The Age of Romanticism—Poetry, individualism, nature, emotion (1798-1832)1.William Wordsworth: “The Preface to Lyrical Ballads” as declaration of Romanticism,nature poet “The Solitary Reaper”, “Tintern Abbey”, “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” or“Daffodils” , “Composed upon Westerminster Bridge”2.Samuel Taylor Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan3.George Gorgon Byron: the Byronic hero; Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Don Juan4.Percy Bysshe Shelley: Queen Mab, Prometheus Unbound, “Ode to the West Wind”5.John Keats：“Ode to a Nightingale”, “To Autumn”, “Ode on an Grecian Urn”, truth isbeauty, beauty is truth6.Walter Scott: historical romance, Ivanhoe7.Jane Austen: realistic writing about family life, Pride and Prejudice, Emma, Sense andSensibilityThe Victorian Age (1832-1901) 19th century1.general features: utilitarianism, middle class urban literature, conservative morality2.Charles Dickens: Dombey and Son, Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Great Expectations,Hard Times, A Tale of Two Cities, Bleak House, Little Dorrit3.William Thackeray: Vanity Fair4.The Bronte sisters: Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte; Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte5.George Eliot: Silas Marner, The Mill on the Floss, Middlemarch6.Thomas Hardy: the Wessex novels; Tess of the D’urbervilles, Jude the Obscure, TheReturn of the Native, The Mayor of Casterbridge, naturalist ideas7.Alfred Tennyson: poet8.Robert Browning: poet, dramatic monologue, “My Last Duchess”9.George Bernard Shaw: dramatist, 1925 Nobel Prize winnerThe Twentieth Century1.The features of modernism: alienation and loneliness2.T. S. Eliot: The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock; The Waste Land 1948 Nobel Prizewinner3.James Joyce: Ulysses, The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Irish, Dublin, stream ofconsciousness4.Virginia Woolf: Mrs. Dalloway5. D. H. Lawrence: Sons and Lovers(Oedipus Complex), Lady Chatterley’s Lover6.W. B. Yeats: Irish poet, modernism 1923 Nobel Prize winner7.Angry Young Men (1950s): Kingsley Amis, Lucky Jim8.The Theatre of the Absurd: Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot9.Women writers: Doris Lessing, Iris Murdoch, Muriel Spark10.Doris Lessing: The Golden Notebook, 2007 Nobel Prize winner11.contemporary writers: Martin Amis, Ian McEvan, Julia Barnes, A. S. Byatt, MargaretDrabble, Anita Brookner, V. S, Naipaul, Salman Rushdie, Kazuo Ishiguro, Philip Larkin(poet), Seamus Heaney (poet), Harold Pinter (dramatist)12.V. S. Naipaul: Indian-British novelist, 2001 Nobel Prize winner13.Seamus Heaney: Irish Poet 1995 Nobel Prize winner美国文学Colonial Period (1607-1800) –Rise of the American Dream1.Puritanism, Enlightenment, Independence War2.Jonathan Edwards3.Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard’s Almanac, AutobiographyRomanticism (1800-1865) –Prime of the American Dream1.Washington Irving: “Rip Van Winkle”, “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”2.James Fenimore Cooper: Leather stocking Tales, American Westward movement3.New England Transcendentalism: Oversoul4.Ralph Waldo Emerson: “Nature”(The Bible for Transcendentalism), “The AmericanScholar” (intellectual independence), prose5.Henry David Thoreau: Walden, prose6.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow: poet, “A Psalm of Life”7.Edgar Allan Poe: poet and short story writer, “The Raven”, The Fall of the House ofUsher, Murders in the Rue Morgue, The Purloined Letter8.Walt Whitman: free verse, Leaves of Grass, “Song of Myself”, “O Captain! MyCaptain!”, national poet of America, social and national topics, strongly influenced byEmerson9.Emily Dickinson: poet, regional and inner world, topics on religion, death, love, nature10.Nathaniel Hawthorn: novelist, dark side of human beings, The Scarlet Letter, “YoungGoodman Brown”, “The Minister’s Black Veil”11.Herman Melville: novelist, sea life, Moby DickRealism and Naturalism (1865-1918)—Questioning the American Dream1.William Dean Howells: middle class, The Rise of Silas Lapman2.Mark Twain: Samuel Clemens, lower class, local colorism, The Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn/Tom Sawyer, The Gilded Age3.Henry James: rich class, international theme, psychological descriptions, The Portrait ofa Lady, The Ambassadors, The American, Daisy Miller4.Stephen Crane: pioneer writing in the naturalistic tradition, Maggie: A Girl of theStreets, The Red Badge of Courage5.Frank Norris: McTeague, the first full-bodied naturalistic American novel, a case studyof the inevitable effect of environment and heredity on human lives6.Theodore Dreiser: Sister Carrie, Jennie Gerhardt, The Financier, An American Tragedy7.Jack London: The Call of the Wild, Martin Eden8.O Henry: short story writer, the American Maupassant, surprise endings, “The Gift ofthe Magi”, “The Cop and the An them”Modernism (1918-1945)—Disillusionment of the American Dream1.Imagist poetry: imagism, direct treatment of the thing, use as few words as possible2.Ezra Pound: “In a Station of the Metro”, The Cantos3.T. S. Eliot: referring to the British part4.Wallace Stevens: “Anecdote of the Jar”, “The Idea of Order at Key West”5.William Carlos Williams: “The Red Wheelbarrow”6.Robert Frost: New England poet, “The Road Not Taken”, “Mending Wall”, “AfterApple-picking”7.Modernist Novels: the Lost Generation8. F. Scott Fitzgerald: The Great Gatsby, the Jazz age9.Ernest Hemingway: the Lost Generation, Hemingway hero, iceberg theory, The Sun AlsoRises, A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls, The Old Man and the Sea, 1954Nobel Prize winner10.William Faulkner: the Southern Renaissance/myth, Yoknapatawpha, The Sound and theFury, As I Lay Dying, Light in August, Absalom, Absalom!, stream of consciousness1949 Nobel Prize winner11.Sherwood Anderson: Winesburg, Ohio; describing the grotesque12.Sinclair Lewis: Main Street, sociological writer, first American Nobel Prize winner,(1930)13.Willa Cather: female writer, writing about the Old West in traditional way, My Antonio14.John Dos Passos: 1930s, Depression, U.S.A.15.John Steinbeck: 1930s, Depression, The Grapes of Wrath, Of Mice and Men, The Pearl1962 Nobel Prize winner16.Drama: A renaissance of drama in 1920s—Eugene O’Neill, The theatre of theDepression in 1930s17.Eugene O’Neill: American dram began in 1916 when O’Neil’s first play Bound East forCardiff was produced, The Hairy Ape, The Iceman Cometh, Long Day’s Journey intoNightPost-War American Literature—Multi-faceted1.The Beat Generation in 1950s: Howl by Allen Ginsberg (poet), On the Road by JackKerouac (novelist)2.Black Humor: Catch-22 by Joseph Heller3.Post-war Realism: Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger4.Jewish literature: Herzog by Saul Bellow5.African-American literature: Richard Wright, Native Son; Ralph Ellison, The InvisibleMan; Toni Morrison, Beloved6.Post-war drama: Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie, A Streetcar Named Desire;Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman7.Theatre of the Absurd: George Albee, Who is Afraid of Virginia Woolf?Literary Terms:1. Alliteration: repetition of the same sound or sounds at the beginning of two or more wordsthat are next to or close to each other.2. Iambic pentameter: poetic meters of five iambs or feet. Iambic means the stress is on thesecond syllable.3. Heroic couplet: a pair of rhyming iambic pentameter lines.4. Blank verse: unrhymed poetic lines in iambic pentameters.5. Sonnet: a lyric poem consisting of a single stanza of fourteen iambic pentameter lines linkedby an intricate rhyme scheme. Italian or Petrarchan sonnet is composed of an octave and a sestet (rhyming abbaabba cdecde). Shakespearean sonnet consists of three quatrains and a couplet (rhyming abab cdcd efef gg).6. Assonance: repetition of related vowel sounds7. Ode: a long lyric poem that is serious in subject and treatment, elevated in style and elaboratein its stanzaic structure.8. Spenserian stanza: a nine-line stanza of eight lines in iambic pentameter plus an iambichexameter. The rhyme scheme is abab bcbc c.9. Romance: a tale in verse, embodying the life and adventures of knights.10. Ballad: a narrative poem that tells a story.11. Ballad meter: a quatrain in alternate four- and three-stress lines; usually only the second andfourth lines rhyme.12. Allegory: a story or description in which the characters and events symbolize some deeperunderlying meaning, and serve to spread moral teaching.13. American Puritanism: Puritanism is a Protestant movement which spread its influence intothe New England colonies in 17th century. The American Puritans believed that the Church should be restored to the “purity” of the Church as established by Christ himself. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin, total depravity, and limited atonement. 14. American Romanticism: American Romanticism is the literary movement stretching from theend of the 18th century through the outbreak of the Civil War. It was in essence the expression of “a real new experience” and contained “an alien quality”. There was American Puritanism as a cultural heritage to consider. The features can be found in the major works by Washington Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman.15. Transcendentalism: Transcendentalism is a literary and philosophical movement, associatedwith Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcended the empirical and scientific and was knowable through intuition.16. American Realism: First, American realist authors described life truthfully. Second, they putthe typical characters under typical circumstances. Third, they were objective rather than idealized, in a close observation and investigation life. Finally, realistic works were concerned with social and psychological problems. The famous realistic works include Henry James’s The Ambassadors and Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.17. Local Colorism: As a literary trend, local colorism made its presence felt in the late 1860s toearly 70s. Local colorists concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local characters of their regions. The representative works of local colorism include Bret Hart’s “The Luck of Roaring Camp” and H. B. Stowe’s Oldtown Folks.18. American Naturalism: American naturalism is a literary tendency that prevailed in 1890s.Under the influence of social Darwinism and inspired by French naturalism, American naturalists wrote about the helplessness of man in a cold, amoral world, and his lack of dignity in face of the crushing forces of environment and heredity. The features of naturalism can be found in the major works by Stephen Crane and Theodore Dreiser.19. Lost Generation: The Lost Generation refers to the group of American writers who came ofage during World War I and established their reputations in the 1920s. The writers considered themselves “lost” because their inherited values could not operate in the postwar world. The term is commonly applied to Hart Crane, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and others.20.Image(in Pound’s poetry): An image is defined by Pound as that which presents anintellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time, “a vortex or cluster of fused ideas”“endowed with energy”.21. Stanza: Stanza is a recurrent grouping of two or more lines or more lines of a poem in termsof length, metrical form, and rhyme-scheme.22. Code Hero: Code hero is the Hemingwayan hero, an average man of decidedly masculinetastes, sensitive and intelligent, a man of action, and one of few words.23. Southern Literature: Southern Literature is defined as American literature about the SouthernUnited States or by writers from this region. The Southern literature meets its renaissance in the 1920s and 1930s, and the famous Southern writers include Ellen Glasgow and William Faulkner.24. “Anti-hero”(as in William Faulkner’s works): A central character in a work of literature wholacks traditional heroic qualities such as courage, physical prowess, and fortitude. Anti-heroestypically distrust conventional values and are unable to commit themselves to any ideals.Anti-heroes usually accept, and often celebrate, their positions as social outcasts.25. Allusion: Allusion is a figure of speech that makes brief, often casual reference to a historicalor literary, event, or object.26. Beat Generation: Beat generation is a term applied to a group of American poets andnovelists of the 1950s and 1960s who were in romantic rebellion against the culture and value systems of America. They expressed their revolt through the literary works of loose structure and slang diction. Among the leading members of the loose group were the poet Allen Ginsberg and the novelist Jack Kerouac.27. Black Humor: Black humor is a term applied to a large group of American novels beginningin the 1950s, represented by Joseph Heller’s Catch 22. In the novelists’ opinion, their society is full of institutionalized absurdity. Therefore, all of them hold a cynical attitude toward society and the conventional moral values. This despondency is reflected in their novels by the use of exaggeration as a vehicle for satire.28. Satire: Satire is a literary manner which blends a critical attitude with humor and with wit forthe purpose of improving human institutions or humanity. Catch-22, satirizes bureaucracy and the military, and is frequently cited as one of the greatest literary works of the twentieth century.29. Motif:Motif is a theme, character type, image, metaphor, or any other verbal element thatrecurs throughout a single work of literature or occurs in a number of different works over a period of time. For example, the disillusionment of “American Drama” is one of the important motifs in Death of a Salesman.30. Theatre of the Absurd: The Theatre of the Absurd is an avant-garde kind of drama in the1950s and 1960s that represents the absurdity of the human condition by abandoning rational devices and realistic form. Some playwrights in the school are Samuel Beckett and Edward Albee.。
英语英美文学常识归纳篇一：英语专八英美文学常识归纳3专八人文知识:英国地理概况the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea.英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。
the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters.迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。
"the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain.1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，手册英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据法律合并成为大不列颠王国。
gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands.盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。
the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, theboard ridge of hills.英格兰脊梁：指的是山脉的背脊。
lead ore: british lead ores have been worked since pre-roman times. it contains silver.铅矿：自前罗马时代开始，英国的铅矿就被开发了。
英美文学知识点总结（专八）Old English Literature （古英语文学）（450-1066年）Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》: The first English national epic.S ir Gawain and the Green Knight 《高文爵士与绿林骑士》：knight literature.中世纪英语文学（1066-1500）Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟，c. 1343–1400) was an English poet. He is remembered for his The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》, called the father of English literature ―英国文学诗歌之父‖William Langland (朗格兰，1330?-1400?), the author of the 14th-century English long narrative poem Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》.文艺复兴（16-17世纪）William Shakespeare (莎士比亚，1564-1616), English poet and playwright, his surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems Venus and Adonis 《维拉斯和阿多尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece.《鲁克丽丝受辱记》Shakespeare‘s greatest works:1．Greatest tragedies are King Lear《李尔王》, Macbeth《麦克白》, Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello 《奥赛罗》, Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》.2．Great comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》, As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》, The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》, Twelfth Night《第十二夜》3．great historical plays:Richard III 《理查三世》, Henry IV《亨利四世》, Henry V 《亨利五世》, Henry VII 《亨利八世》Francis Bacon (弗朗西斯·培根, 1561-1626) a representative of the Renaissance in England, is a well-known philosopher, scientist and essayist. He lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge. His Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.Works by Bacon:The Advancement of Learning（1605）《学术的推进》，New Instrument (1620) 《新工具》，Essays (1625) 《培根文集》.John Donne (约翰·邓恩，1572-1631), a leading figure of the ―metaphysical school‖（玄学派主要代表人物），who frequently applies conceits (奇喻) or fantastic metaphors in his poems, involving dramatic contrasts. His poems feature a diversity of experiences and attitudes, and a free range of feelings and moods, achieving vividness of imagery, vitality of rhythms, ingenuity of speech and depth of philosophy.Works by Donne: Songs and Sonnets《歌与十四行诗》，of which ―The Flea‖, ―The Good Morrow‖, ―Break of Day‖and ―A Valediction: Forbidding Morning‖are most popular. HolySonnets 《圣十四行诗》，of which Holy Sonnet 10 ―Death Be Not Proud‖ is the most famous.John Milton (弥尔顿, 1608-1674)was a Puritan English poet and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epics Paradise Lost《失乐园》, Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson《力士参孙》.18世纪文学和新古典主义Alexander Pope (浦柏,1688-1744 ) is generally regarded as the greatest English poet of the eighteenth century, best known for his satirical epigram 讽刺隽语and heroic couplet (inherited from Chaucer) 英雄双韵体. His major works include mock epic satirical poem ―An Essay on Man‖《人论》and ―An Essay on Criticism‖《论批评》Daniel Defoe ( 笛福，1660—1731)was an English writer who gained enduring fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》, spokesman for middle-class people.Henry Fielding (菲尔丁, 1707 ---1754) ，an English novelist known for his novel: The History of Tom Jones《汤姆·琼斯》.Jonathan Swift (斯威夫特, 1667-1745), was an Anglo-Irish novelist, satirist. He is remembered for novel such as Gulliver’s Travels《格列佛游记》.Richard Sheridan ( 谢立丹，1751—1816), Irish playwright ,known for his satirical play School of Scandal (造谣学校). He was a representative writer of Comedies of Manners.Laurence Sterne (斯特恩,1713—1768 ), an English novelist. He is best known for his novel Tristram Shandy 《商第传》.Oliver Goldsmith （哥尔德斯密斯，1728-1774）English novelist, known for his novel Vicar of Wakefield《威克菲尔德牧师传记》.Thomas Gray (托马斯•格雷1716—1771 )，an English poet, author of Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard《墓园哀歌》, writer of sentimentalism (感伤派作家).浪漫主义（18世纪末19世纪初）浪漫主义诗人：William Blake (1757 –1827) was an English poet, best known for his poetical collections of Song of Innocence 《天真之歌》(1789) and Song of Experience《经验之歌》（1794）.William Wordsworth (1770-1850), a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, started the Romantic Movement in the 19th-century English literature. Their collaborated work Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》（1798）marked the beginning of the Romantic Movement. Wordsworth is the major member of the Lake poets and his beautiful lyrics include Lucy Poems《露西》（1799），Poems in Two Volumes《两卷诗集》（1807），of which ―I Wondered lonely as a cloud”(1804)is the most popular. His The Prelude《序曲》（1850）is generally considered as his autobiographical poem.Samuel Taylor Coleridge (柯勒律治, 1772 –1834) was an English poet who was, along with his friend William Wordsworth, one of the founders of the Romantic Movement in England and one of the Lake Poets. He is probably best known for his poems The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子颂》and Kubla Khan《忽必烈汗》.George Gordon Byron (拜伦，1788—1824 )was a English poet and a leading figure of Romanticism. Among Byron‘s best-known works are his narrative poems Childe Harold‘sPilgrimage 《哈罗尔德游记》（1812），Don Juan《唐璜》（1818-1823）and his collection of lyrics Hebrew Melodies《希伯来歌曲》（1815），of which lyrics like ―She Walks in Beauty‖《她在美中行》（1814）and ― When We Two Parted ‖《当我们分别》（1813）are most popular.Percy Bysshe Shelley (雪莱，1792—1822) was one of the major English Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric poets in English Literature. He is perhaps most famous for his ―Ode to the West Wind‖《西风颂》（1820）, ―To a Skylark‖《致云雀》（1820）, ―Ozymandias‖《奥西曼提斯》（1818）and Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》. Mary Shelley (1797 –1851) was a British novelist best known for her Gothic novel Frankenstein 《弗兰肯斯坦》, considered as the first science fiction.John Keats ( 济慈, 1795—1821) was an English poet who became one of the principal poets of the English Romantic movement. His masterpieces include ―Ode on a Grecian Urn‖《希腊古瓮颂》（1819）and ―Ode to a Nightingale‖《夜莺颂》（1819）.浪漫主义时期小说家Jane Austen (简·奥斯丁，1775—1817) , was an English novelist. Her major novels include Sense and Sensibility 《理智与情感》（1811）, Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》（1813）, Emma 《爱玛》（1816）.Walter Scott (司各特, 1771---1832),a prolific Scottish historical novelist . His major work is Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》.Realism 现实主义时期（Victorian Age 维多利亚时期1837-1901）Bronte sisters 勃朗特姐妹: Charlotte (夏洛蒂, 1816 – 1855), Emily (艾米丽, 1818 – 1848) and Anne (安妮, 1820 –1849), were English writers of the 1840s and 1850s. Charlotte‗s Jane Eyre《简爱》（1847）, Emily‘s Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》（1847）and Anne's Agnes Grey 《艾格妮斯·格雷》（1847）are masterpieces of English literature.George Elliot (乔治-爱略特，1819—1880 ) was an English novelist. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. Her novels, largely set in provincial England. Her major novels include: The Mill on the Floss《佛洛斯河上的磨坊》Middlemarch《米德尔玛契》.Charles Dickens (1812–1870)：one of the greatest English novelists of critical realism in the Victorian era. His major novels include: A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》（1854）, Oliver Twist 《奥利弗退斯特》（1838）, David Copperfield《大卫科波菲尔德》（1849）, Great Expectation《远大前程》（1860）, Hard Times 《艰难时世》（1854）.William Makepeace Thackeray (萨克雷，1811—1863) was an English novelist of critical realism in the 19th century. He was famous for his satirical works, particularly Vanity Fair《名利场》.Mrs. Gaskell (盖斯凯尔夫人, 1810-1865) was an English novelist during the Victorian era. Her major novels include: Mary Barton《玛丽• 巴顿》.Thomas Hardy (哈代, 1840 –1928) , an English novelist of the naturalism (自然主义). His major novels include those of ― Character and Environment‖ : Tess of the d‘Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》（1891），Far from the Madding Crowd 《远离尘嚣》（1874），Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》（1896）. Most of his novels are set in Wessex（威塞克斯）.现实主义时期诗歌Robert Browning (布朗宁, 1812–1889) was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic verse, especially dramatic monologues戏剧独白, made him one of the foremost Victorian poets, and ― My Last Duchess‖《我已故的公爵夫人》is known as one of his bestmonologues.Alfred Tennyson (丁尼生，1809 – 1892) was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom and remains one of the most popular English poets in the 19th century. Tennyson excelled at penning short lyrics, including "Break, break, break" 《溅吧，溅吧，溅吧》（1842）.Oscar Wilde (王尔德, 1854 – 1900)A playwright and novelist, who is known for his ideas of aestheticism唯美主义(art for art‘s sake:为了艺术而艺术). His major plays include The Importance of Being Earnest《认真的重要性》（1895）; His major novel is The Picture of Dorian Gray《道林-格雷的画像》（1891）.20世纪和现代主义George Bernard Shaw (萧伯纳, 1856-1950), an Irish playwright, the greatest dramatist in English literature in the 20th century. He adhered to the tradition of realism, writing plays as a way to discuss social problems. He won Nobel Prize for literature in 1925. His major plays include Mrs Warren’s Profession《华伦夫人的职业》（1898）, Major Barbara《芭芭拉少校》（1905）, Pygmalion《皮革马力翁》（1913）and Saint Joan《圣女贞德》（1924）. Joseph Conrad (约瑟夫·康拉德, 1857-1932). Conrad was a Polish-born English novelist. His major novels include Lord Jim《吉姆老爷》（1900）and The Heart of Darkness《黑暗的心》（1899）.James Joyce (詹姆斯·乔伊斯, 1882-1941): An Irish-born novelist, known for the technique of the stream of consciousness. His main works: Ulysses《尤利西斯》（1922），A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man《青年艺术家的肖像》（1916），Finnegan’s Wake《芬尼根守灵》（1939）Dubliners《都柏林人》（1914）.E. M. Forster （福斯特, 1879-1970）was an English novelist. His main work is A Passage to India《印度之行》（1924）.T.S. Eliot (T.S.艾略特, 1888-1965)：an American poet, one of the most important Modernist writers in the 20th century, best known for his poem The Waste Land《荒原》（1922）. In 1948, he won the Nobel Prize for literature.David Herbert Lawrence (D.H.劳伦斯, 1885-1930),an English novelist. His most important novels are Rainbow 《彩虹》and Sons and Lovers《儿子与情人》. His novels on the one hand, explore the psychological development of the characters, and on the other, criticize the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.William Butler Yeats (叶芝, 1865-1939) was an Irish poet and awarded Nobel Prize for literature in 1923. His major poems include “Sailing to Byzantium”《驶向拜占庭》and ―Leda and Swan‖《利达和天鹅》.Samuel Beckett (贝克特，1906-1989), an Irish dramatist and Nobel Prize winner for Literature. His masterpiece is Waiting for Godot《等待戈多》. He is the exponent of the theatre of the absurd (荒诞派戏剧).Iris Jean Murdoch (默多克, 1919-1999), an English female novelist, her major novels include Black Prince《黑王子》, The Sea, the Sea《大海啊，大海》and Unicorn 《独角兽》.Doris Lessing (莱辛, 1919--) is a British writer, author of works such as the novels The Grass is Singing《野草在唱》. In 2007, Lessing won the Nobel Prize in Literature.Muriel Spark （斯帕克, 1918-2006）an English female novelist, best known for her novel The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie《布罗迪小姐的青春》(1961).Virginia Woolf (伍尔夫, 1882-1941) Woolf is an exponent of modernism and one of the mostimportant female novelists. Her major works include Mrs. Dalloway《达洛威夫人》, To the Lighthouse《向灯塔去》.美国文学殖民地革命时期Benjamin Franklin (富兰克林, 1706-1790) one of the American founding fathers (美国之父). Major works:Autobiography《自传》Poor Richard’s Almanack《理查德的年鉴》. Jonathan Edwards (爱德华兹，1703 –1758) was a colonial theologian and writer. His works are often associated with the Puritan heritage. His famous sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"《落在忿怒之神手中的罪人》is credited for starting the First Great Awakening.Thomas Pain (托马斯·潘恩, 1737-1809), an American pamphleteer. Major works: Common Sense《常识》（1776）.浪漫主义时期Romantic Period（1790-1865）：Earlier Romantic Period (1790-1830)Romantic Heyday (1830-1865)I. Earlier Romantic Period. Major writers:Washington Irving (1783-1859)Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)Washington Irving (华盛顿• 欧文, 1783-1859):An American romantic novelist. He was best known for his short stories ―The Legend of Sleepy Hollow‖ and ―Rip Van Winkle‖, both of which appear in his book The Sketch Book《见闻札记》. Irving is the first American writer who gained the international fame.James Fenimore Cooper (库珀, 1789-1851): An American romantic novelist , best remembered for his Leatherstocking Tales《皮袜子故事》，The Pioneer《拓荒者》, Deer Slayer《猎鹿者》, Pathfinder《探路人》, Prairie《大草原》, The Last of the Mohicans《最后的莫西干人》featuring frontiersman Natty Bumppo.II. Romantic Heyday (1830-1865). Major Writers:Waldo Ralph EmersonHenry David ThoreauWalt WhitmanEmily DickinsonNathaniel HawthorneHerman MelvilleHarriet Beecher StoweEdgar Allan PoeTranscendentalists（超验主义作家）: Waldo Ralph EmersonHenry David ThoreauWalt WhitmanWalt Whitman (惠特曼，1819-1882): An American romantic poet, father of free verse (自由诗) , best known for his collection of poems Leaves of Grass《草叶集》.Waldo Ralph Emerson (爱默生，1803-1882):leader of the transcendentalism, and his essay “Nature‖《论自然》is the manifesto of transcendentalism. His another essay “The American Scholar”《美国学者》is considered to be America's "Intellectual Declaration of Independence‖. Henry David Thoreau (梭罗, 1817–1862) : An American romantic writer, best known for hisbook Walden《瓦尔登湖》, a reflection upon simple living.Herman Melville ( 麦尔维尔, 1819–1891) : An American novelist, best known for his novel Moby-Dick《白鲸》.Nathaniel Hawthorne ( 霍桑, 1804–1864): An American novelist, best known for his four romances (传奇小说): The Scarlet Letter《红字》The House of the Seven Gables《七个尖角阁的房子》The Blithedale Romance《福谷传奇》The Marble Faun《玉石雕像》Emily Dickinson(艾米丽·狄金森，1830–1886) , an American poetess, whose poems are concerned with life, death and immortality, of which the most famous are ―This is My Letter to the World‖, ―I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died‖, ―Because I Could Not Stop for Death‖.Harriet Beecher Stowe (斯托夫人, 1811–1896), an American female novelist, whose novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》attacked the cruelty of slavery.Realism 现实主义Mark Twain (马克•吐温1835 –1910), an American novelist, most noted for his novels The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆索亚历险记》, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝恩历险记》, Life on the Mississippi River《密西西比河上的生活》, The Gilded Age《镀金时代》. Henry James (亨利•詹姆斯1843-1916), an American realist novelist, the first American writer to achieve his career of international terms.Important works: The American 《美国人》The Europeans 《欧洲人》The Portrait of a Lady 《贵妇画像》The Wings of the Dove《鸽冀》The Ambassadors 《大使》The Golden Bowl《金碗》O. Henry （欧·亨利）was the pen name of the American novelist William Sydney Porter (1862 –1910). O. Henry‗s short stori es are well known, such as ―Cop and Anthem‖《警察和赞美诗》and ―Gift of Magie‖《麦琪的礼物》.William Dean Howells (豪威尔斯, 1837 –1920) was an American realist novelist and literary critic. Major works include The Rise of Silas Lapham 《赛拉斯• 拉帕姆的发迹》.American Naturalists （自然主义作家）Theodore Dreiser (德莱塞)Stephen Crane (克莱恩)Frank Norris (诺里斯)Jack London (杰克·伦敦)Theodore Dreiser (德莱塞, 1871–1945) , an American novelist and journalist. He pioneered the naturalist school and is known for his novels Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》, An American Tragedy 《美国悲剧》and his desire trilogy《欲望三部曲》: The Financier 《金融家》The Titan 《巨头》The Stoic 《斯多葛》Stephen Crane (克莱恩, 1871–1900) was an American novelist. He won the international acclaim for his Civil War novel The Red Badge of Courage《红色的英勇勋章》in 1895.Frank Norris (诺瑞斯, 1870–1902) was American novelist. His notable works include McTeague《麦克提格》, The Octopus《章鱼》.Jack London (杰克• 伦敦, 1876–1916), an American novelist, known for his novel Martin Eden 《马丁• 伊登》, The Call of the Wild《野性的呼唤》.20世纪和现代主义诗歌T.S. Eliot (T.S.艾略特, 1888-1965)：an American poet, best known for his poem The Waste Land 《荒原》, in 1948 he won the Nobel Prize for literature.Ezra Pound（埃兹拉·庞德）: an American imagist poet (意象派诗人), major poems include Cantos《诗章》, Hugh Selwyn Maubery《莫伯里》, Cathay 《华夏》a collection of translation of ancient Chinese poems.Robert Frost (罗伯特·弗罗斯特, 1874–1963), an American poet. He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life in New England and his command of American colloquial speech. His work was first recognized in England and then in America. Major poems include ―After Apple-Picking‖《摘苹果之后》, ―The Road Not Taken‖《未选之路》.Wallace Stevens（斯蒂文斯, 1879-1955）, an American poet, best known for his poem Anecdote for the Jar and his emphasis on Imagination.Ernest Hemingway (海明威, 1899—1961)an American novelist. He was part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris, and one of the veterans of World War I, later known as "the Lost Generation". He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Major works:The Sun also Rises《太阳照样升起》A Farewell to Arms 《永别了-武器》The Old Man and the Sea《老人与海》For Whom the Bell Tolls《丧钟为谁而鸣》F. Scott Fitzgerald (斯科特·菲茨杰拉德, 1896–1940), an American writer of novels, whose works are evocative of the Jazz Age (爵士时代). Fitzgerald is considered as a member of the ―Lost Generation‖. Most important work is The Great Gatsby《了不起的盖茨比》which represents the destruction of American dream.Lost Generation迷惘的一代:The 'Lost Generation' is a phrase made popular by American author Ernest Hemingway in his first published novel The Sun Also Rises. Figures identified with the "Lost Generation" include authors and poets Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Sherwood Anderson.William Faulkner (威廉·福克纳，1897-1962): an American novelist, winner of Nobel Prize for literature in 1950. Most of his works were set in an imaginary location named Yoknapatawpha. Major works include:The Sound and the Fury 《喧哗与骚动》, Go Down, Moses《去吧，莫西》, Light in August 《八月之光》, Absalom, Absalom!《押沙龙，押沙龙！》, Sanctuary《圣地》.John Steinbeck (约翰·斯坦贝克, 1902–1968), an American novelist, Nobel Prize winner. He is known for his novel The Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》.James Baldwin （鲍德温, 1924-1987）, a black American novelist, best known for his novel Go Tell It on the Mountain 《向苍天呼吁》.Alex Harley (1936-1969), a black American novelist, best known for his Roots《根》.Toni Morrison (莫里森, 1931-)Toni Morrison is a Nobel Prize-winning female American novelist. among the best known are her novels The Bluest Eye《最蓝的眼睛》and Beloved《宠儿》.20世纪戏剧家Eugene O‘Neil（尤金-奥尼尔, 1888-1953）was an American playwright, a Nobel Prize winner, best known for his Long Day’s Journey Into Night《长夜漫漫路迢迢》, Beyond the Horizon《天边外》，The Hairy Ape《毛猿》.Arthur Miller （亚瑟·米勒,1915-2005）, an American playwright, best known for his The Death of Salesman《推销员之死》.Edward Albee (阿尔比1928---) is an American playwright best known for Who‘s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫》. His early works reflect an Americanization of the Theatre of the Absurd (荒诞派) that found its peak in works by Irish playwrights such as Samuel Beckett.。
英国文学Part 1. Old and medievalBeowulf 贝尔武甫(the national epic of the English people) strickingfeature: alliteration, metaphors and understatements.William Langland威廉。
兰格伦Piers the Plowman耕者皮尔斯Geoffrey Chaucer 杰佛利·乔叟1340-1400 长诗：The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）his contribution to English poetry: introduced from france the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (the heroic couplet), is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. Who making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.Part 2. The English renaissanceThomas More托马斯。
莫尔Utopia乌托帮Philip Sidney菲力普。
锡德尼Astrophel and Stella Apology for Poetry诗辩Edmond Spenser埃德蒙。
斯宾塞The Faerie Queene 仙后The Shepherds’s Calender 牧羊人日历Francis Bacon培根1561-1626 Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays论文集（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）The founder of English materialist philosophyChristopher Marlowe克里斯托夫。
英国文学知识一、中古英国文学1.Beowulf : the oldest poem in the English language and the most importantspecimen of Anglo-Saxon literature.2.Geoffrey Chaucer: he is acclaimed as the father of English Poetry and father ofEnglish fiction. His masterpiece。
The Canterbury TalesThe Romaunt of the RoseThe Legend of good WomenThe House of Fame二、文艺复兴时期时间：14世纪到17世纪中后期特点：Humanism became the keynote of English Renaissance著名作家：1.Thomas More: Utopia2.Edmund Spenser (a poet):The Faerie QueenThe Shepherd Calendar3.Christopher Marlowe( a poet and dramatist):Edward IIDr. FaustusTamburlaineThe Jew of Malta4.William Shakespeare喜剧：A Midsummer Night’s DreamAs you like itMerchant of VeniceThe Twelfth night悲剧：Romeo and JulietThe Tempest四大悲剧：Othello, Macbeth, King Lear, Hamlet主要历史剧：Henry IV, Henry V5.Francis BaconEssaysThe advancement of learning6.John DonneThe Elegies and SatiresThe Songs and Sonnets7.John Milton (poet)晚年三首长诗Paradise lost, Paradise Regained, Samson Agonistes三：新古典主义时期时间：17世纪中后期到18世纪特点：The neoclassicists held that all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic and restrained emotion and accuracy.著名作家：1.John Dryden: All for Love2.John Bunyan: The Pilgrim’s ProgressThe Holy WarThe life and Death of Mr. Badman3.Alexander Pope An Essay on CriticismAn Essay on ManThe Rape of the LockOdyssey4.Daniel Defoe(who is called the father of English and European novels)Robison CrusoeA journal of the Plague yearCaptain Singleton5.Jonathan SwiftGulliver’s TravelA Tale of a TubA Modest proposalThe Drapier’s letters6.Henry FieldingThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundling7.Samuel Johnson (著名词汇家，第一部英语字典的编者)A Dictionary of the English LanguageThe Vanity of Human WishesLondon8.Richard Brinsley SheridanThe school for the scandalThe Rivals9.Thomas GrayElegy Written in a country churchyardOde on the spring四：浪漫主义时期时间：18世纪中期到19世纪中期特点：Romanticism gave primary concern to passion, emotion, and natural beauty and is marked by a strong reaction and protest against the bondage of rule and custom. The Romanticism period is an age of Poetry and poets.主要作家1.William BlakeSongs of ExperienceSongs of InnocencePoetical SketchesThe marriage of heaven and hell2.William WordsworthLyrical BalladsTo the CuckooMy Heart leaps up3.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeKubla Khan 忽必烈汗三巨头1.George Gordon ByronCainDon JuanChilde Harold’s Pilgrimage2.Percy Bysshe ShelleyOde to the West WindOde to the SkylarkPrometheus unboundedThe Necessity of AtheismQueen Mab3.John KeatsOde to AutumnOde to a nightingaleOde on a Grecian um 希腊古瓷颂Isabella以下各位不太重要：1.Charles LambTales from ShakespeareEssays of Elia2.Mary ShelleyFrankenstein3.Robert SoutheyJoan of Arc 圣女贞德小说家Jane AustinEmmaSense and SensibilityPride and PrejudiceMansfield ParkPersuasion五、VICTORIA PERIOD时间：维多利亚1837年继位，1901年去世。
特点：Writers in Victoria period all focus on the fate of common people. Therefore Romanticism was replaced by realism. And the novel gradually became the dominant form of literature.主要作家：小说家：1.Charles DickensA Tale of two citiesDavid CopperfieldDombey and sonGreat ExpectationOliver TwistHard timesThe Old Curiosity Shop2.Charlotte BronteJane EyreShirley3.Emily BronteWuthering Heights4.Anne BronteAgnes Grey5.George EliotMiddlemarchThe mills on the Floss6.William M ThackerayVanity Fair 名利场7.Thomas HardyTess of the D’s UrbervillesFar From the madding crowdJude the ObscureThe Mayor of Casterbridge请同学们自己特别注意一下剧作家，诗人，散文家Oscar Wilde。
诗人：1）Alfred TennysonPoems by two brothersThe princessIn MemoriamIdylls of the king2）Robert BrowningHome thoughts from abroadThe rings and the book六：英国现代文学时间：19世纪末到现在特点：Realistic tradition ,though continued to alive was gradually overtaken by other literary trends such as symbolism, the stream of consciousness and naturalism著名作家1.Bernard Shaw (爱尔兰剧作家)Major Babara 巴巴拉上校Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionPygmalion 买花女2.John Galsworthy (英国小说家，剧作家，1932年诺贝尔文学奖)The Forsyta Saga 福赛特家史包括three novels and two interludes.The man of PropertyIn Chancery 骑虎难下To let 出让The Indian summer of Forsyte (interlude)Awakening (interlude)3.T. S Eliot (英国诗人)Ash WednesdayFour Quartets 四个四重奏The Wasteland4.William Butler Yeats (爱尔兰诗人,剧作家)The land of Heart’s desireThe Tower主要诗歌Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭The second Coming 基督再临Leda and the Swan 利达和天鹅5. D H LawrenceLady Chatterley’s LoverSons and LoversThe RainbowThe White PeacockWomen in Love6.James Joyce (爱尔兰小说家)A Portrait of the Artist as a young manDublinersFinnegans Wake 芬尼根的醒悟Ulysses以下作家不太重要Virginia WoolfTo the Lighthouse 去灯塔The Waves 海浪Mrs. Dalloway 黛咯维夫人A Room of One’s Own自己的房间A Voyage out 航行Orlando美国文学一、北美殖民主义时期文学时间：16世纪末到17世纪中特点：The first writings are narratives and journals of early settlers主要作家1.John SmithA True Relation of Virginia : the first book in American literatureA Map of Virginia with a description of the country二、独立革命时期文学时间：17世纪中到18世纪末特点it is featured by two revolutions. One was American revolution and the other is enlightenment, which led to the American independence and an intellectual development whose rationalistic spirit inspired Americans and brought them into a new horizon主要作家1.Benjamin Franklin ( a member of the committee to draft the Declaration ofIndependence)AutobiographyPoor Richard’s Almanac 穷理查德书2.Thomas PaineCommon SenseThe American CrisisRights of manThe Age of Reason3.Philip Freneau (poet of American Revolution)The British Prison ShipThe Rising Glory of AmericaThe Indian Burying GroundThe wild Honey Suckle 野金银花三、浪漫主义时期时间：18世纪末到19世纪中期特点：American Romanticism advocates individualism and encourage people to fight for individual right and human happiness with brevity. It attached importance to individual dignity and value and believed that human nature is benign.主要作家：1.Washington IrvingA history of New YorkThe Sketch Book 见闻札记Rip Van Winkle 瑞普梵温克尔The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷传说Tales of a traveler2.James Fenimore CooperLeather Stocking Tales 皮袜子故事集The last of the Mochicans 最后的末希干人3.William Cullen Bryant (romantic poet)poemsThe fountainThe white-footed deerA forest hymnThe flood of years4.Edgar Allen PoeTales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 怪诞奇异故事集The Fall of the House Usher 呃舍屋的倒塌The Raven 乌鸦To Helen 致海伦The City in the Sea 海城5.Ralph Waldo EmersonNatureSelf-RelianceThe TranscendentalistThe American ScholarDivinity School Address 神学院的演说6.Henry David ThoreauWalden 瓦尔登湖Resistance to Civil Government 抵制公民政府Civil Disobedience 论市民的不服从7.Nathaniel HawthorneScarlet letterMosses from an old manse 古屋青苔8.Herman MevilleMoby Dick 大白鲸Typee 泰比9.Walt Whitman (诗人)Leaves of GrassSong of myself 自我之歌10.Emily Dickinson （诗人）The Poems of Emily DickinsonThis is my letter to the worldI heard a fly buzz when I died四：现实主义时期时间：19世纪中期到20世纪末特点：The rise and development of American literary realism was the product of the changes in American politics and economic development著名作家：1.Harriet Beecher StoweUncle Tom’s Cabin2.Mark TwainThe adventure of Tom SawyerThe adventure of Huckleberry FinnThe Innocents abroad 傻瓜出国记The Prince and Pauper 王子和贫民The Gilded Age 镀金时代3.O HenryThe Cop and the Anthem4.Henry JamesDaisy MillerThe portrait of a lady 贵夫人的画像The Ambassadors 大使们The wings of a dove 鸽翼5.Jack LondonThe son and the wolfThe call from the wildThe sea-wolfWhite fang 白獠牙The people of the Abyss 深渊中的人们Martin Eden 马丁易登6．Theodore DreiserSister CarrieJennie Gerhardt 珍妮姑娘Trilogy of DesireAn American TragedyThe FinancierThe Genius五：美国当代文学时间：一战后特点：writers of this time freed themselves from traditional concepts of culture and morality and created the literary art of modernism. The writers of lost generation were frustrated by the war and literature accordingly was featured by disillusionment of ideas and civilization.主要作家诗歌1.Ezra pound (imagism poet)In a station of Metro 地铁站里The Cantos 诗章Homage to Sextus PropertiusPersonage 人物The Pisan Cantos 比萨诗章2.Robert Frost (新英格来背景的诗人)A Boy’s WishNorth of BostonA Witness tree 一棵作证的树Mountain Interval 山间A Further Range 又一片牧场3.Wallace Stevens （诗人）Harmonium (风琴)The man with blue GuitarThe Auroras of Autumn （秋天的晨曦）Collected Poems 诗集4.Thomas Stearns Eliot (诗人，剧作家，1948年诺贝尔文学奖)Ash Wednesday 圣灰星期三Murder in the Cathedral 大教堂的谋杀The Waste land 荒原The Hollow Man 空心人The Sacred Wood 圣林小说1.Sinclair Lewis （第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国作家）Our Mr. Wrenn 我们的雷恩先生The Job 求职The Main Street 大街Babbit 吧比特2.Eugene O Neill(唯一一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的剧作家)The Iceman Cometh 送冰的人来了The long day’s journey into night长夜漫漫路迢迢The Hairy Ape 毛猿Emperor Jones 琼斯皇帝The Great God Brown 大神布朗Desire under the Elm 榆树下的欲望All the God’s Children Got Wings上帝的儿女都有翅膀3. F. Scott Fitzgerald （爵士乐时代的优秀编年体作家）The Side of Paradise 人间天堂The Beautiful and the Damned 漂亮冤家Tender is the night 月色温柔The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖兹比The last Tycoon 最后的巨头4.Ernest Hemingway （获诺贝尔文学奖，迷茫一代的代言人）The sun also risesA farewell to armsFor whom the bell tollsThe old man and the seaDeath in the Afternoon (午后之死)Green hill of Africa （非洲的青山）5.John Steinbeck （1962获得诺贝尔文学奖）The Grapes of Wrath2020最新The PearlOf Mice and MenIn Dubious BattleTortilla Flat (煎饼坪)6.William Faulkner （南方文艺复兴最杰出代表，1949年诺贝尔文学奖）The sound and fury 喧哗与骚动As I lay dying 在我弥留之际Light in August 八月之光Absalom, Absalom 押沙龙，押沙龙2020最新。
