下载文档原格式
定语从句中的典型陷阱题型分析定语从句是英语学习中基础的句型，但是又是考试中的热点，对定语从句的掌握除了最基础的引导词的用法，that 和 which区别之外，还有一些重要的句型和定语从句会易混或者融合在一起，要想彻底掌握定语从句，相关题型得高分，也必须学透。
在教学中，我通过分析试题，切合学生实际，把它们加以总结，和大家分享。
1. 注意区别先行词和引导词Is this+名词+ the one +that从句Is this+the +名词+that从句Is this school the one that we visited?Is this the school that we visited?[涉及到名词的用法，第一个句子的先行词是the one，第二个句子的先行词是the school。
]Is this the school that we visited?Is this the school where we studied?[涉及到定语从句中的动词，第一个句子的谓语动词是及物动词that充当宾语，第二个句子的谓语动词是不及物动词，where充当状语。
]2. 注意区别定语从句和强调句型。
It is +名词+that/which…(定语从句)It is +介词+名词+that…(强调句型)It is 1949 that he was born in.It is in 1949 that the Republic of China was founded.[名词是表示时间或者是地点的名词。
强调句型去掉结构It is …that 句子依然成立，that在句子中不充当成分。
]3. 注意定语从句中谓语形式的选择。
He is one of the boys who play the piano.He is the only one of the boys who plays the piano.4. 注意区别the same…as, such…as, so…as句型和thesame…that, such…that ,so…that 句型。
定语从句的句子成分分析与使用技巧定语从句是英语中十分重要的语法结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词，起到进一步说明或限定的作用。
正确地使用定语从句可以提高句子的表达能力和准确性。
本文将分析定语从句的句子成分，并介绍一些使用技巧。
一、定语从句的句子成分分析定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，作为主句的一个成分，常见的有主语、宾语和定语三种情况。
1. 定语从句作主语定语从句作主语时，常由关系代词“that”、“who”、“which”引导，修饰句子的主语。
例如：- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
这个例子中，定语从句“that I bought yesterday”修饰主语“book”。
2. 定语从句作宾语定语从句作宾语时，常由关系代词“that”、“who”、“which”引导，修饰句子的宾语。
例如：- I like the movie that we watched last night.我喜欢昨晚我们看的那部电影。
这个例子中，定语从句“that we watched last night”修饰宾语“movie”。
3. 定语从句作定语定语从句作定语时，常由关系代词“that”、“who”、“which”或关系副词“when”、“where”引导，修饰名词或代词。
例如：- The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.弹钢琴的那个女孩是我妹妹。
这个例子中，定语从句“who is playing the piano”修饰名词“girl”。
二、定语从句的使用技巧1. 选择适当的引导词在使用定语从句时，要根据引导词所指的名词或代词的先行词来选择适当的关系代词或关系副词。
例如：- The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
定语从句用法分析定语从句在整个句子中担任定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
eg. The boys who are planting trees on the hill are middle school students 先行词定语从句#1 关系词：关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as(句子中缺主要成份:主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语、补语)，关系副词：when, where, why （句子中缺次要成份：状语）。
#2 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导定语从句，代替先行词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等主要成分。
1）who, whom, that 指代人，在从句中作主语、宾语。
eg. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）^He is the man who/whom/ that I saw yesterday.（who/whom/that在从句中作宾语）^2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
eg. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.= the cover of which/of which the cover is green.3）which, that指代物，在从句中可作主语、宾语。
eg. The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.^（which / that在从句中作宾语,可省略）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
分析四类定语从句
分析四类定语从句
1、前置法
把定语从句翻译到它所修饰的先行词前面，常常用“的”来连接。
(定语从句较短，结构简单)
Hewhohasnevertastedwhatisbitterdoesnotknowwhatissweet.
Spaceandoceansarethenewworldwhichscientistsaretryingtoex plore.
太空和海洋是科学家们正努力探索的新世界。
2、后置法
Althoughhelacksexperience,hehasenterpriseandcreativity,w hicharedecisiveinachievingsuccessinthearea.
他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。
3、状译法
有些定语从句，在逻辑上与主句有状语关系，表示原因、条件、结果、让步等，译成汉语中相对应的逻辑关系，翻译为状语从句。
Heinsistedonbuyinganotherhouse,whichhehadnousefor.
他坚持再买一幢房子，尽管他用不着。
4、融合法
前三种翻译方法在考研英语翻译中会经常使用，而最后一种方法-融合法不太常用，仅供大家了解。
把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句，其中定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分。
Inourfactory,therearemanypeoplewhoaremuchinterestedinthe newinvention.
在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。
Thereisamandownstairswhowantstoseeyou.
楼下有人要见你。
定语从句语法详解与案例分析定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词的从句结构，它可以给予读者更多的信息，以便更清晰地描述一个人或事物。
在本文中，我们将对定语从句的语法做详细解释，并提供一些案例分析来加深理解。
一、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构由引导词（关系词）和从句组成。
引导词根据其在定语从句中的功能和先行词的词性可以分为以下几种：1. 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或属格，其选择要根据引导词在定语从句中所充当的成分来确定。
例句1：The girl who is standing there is my sister.例句2：I have a friend whose father is a doctor.例句3：Is there anything that I can do for you?2. 关系副词：where, when, why关系副词分别表示地点、时间和原因，其在定语从句中充当状语。
例句4：I still remember the day when we first met.例句5：This is the place where we used to study.例句6：I don't know the reason why he left.二、定语从句的用法定语从句在句子中的位置可以灵活变化，但通常紧跟在被修饰的名词后面。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对名词的修饰是必要的，如果去掉将会使句子的意思不完整或不明确。
关系词可以是关系代词或关系副词。
例句7：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.例句8：He is the man who won the first prize in the competition.2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句对名词的修饰是附加的，可以去掉而不影响句子的基本意思。
2023年高考英语重点：定语从句用法分析一、定语从句的定义：定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分如：I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定语)定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后如：I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.定语从句的连接词：连接代词：who、which、whom、whose、that连接副词：when、where、why二、定语从句只用that不用which情况:1、非限制定语从句中，指物只能使用关系词which不使用that。
2、在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能使用关系词which，不能使用that。
3、which还可以用作关系限定词，后跟名词，that则不能这样用。
四、定语从句中只能使用关系词that不能使用which的情况主要有:1、当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that，不用which，作宾语时可以省去。
2、当先行词被形容词的最高级形式所修饰时，要用that，不用which，作宾语时可以省去。
3、当先行词被序数词或the very，the only，the last修饰时，要用that，不用which，作宾语时可以省去。
4、当先行词被the same修饰时，用that表示同一件物品，用as表示相类似的一件物品，不能用which。
5、当先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that，不能用which。
6、当关系代词在定语从句中作表语是，只能用that，也可以省去，不能用which。
7、为避免与which重复使用时，要用that。
五、定语从句中that的用法(1)不用that的情况(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.(b) 介词后不能用。
定语从句体现因果关系-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述引言概述定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念，通过在主句中嵌入一个从句来修饰名词或代词。
定语从句的作用是为了进一步限定或修饰名词或代词的含义，从而使语句更加丰富和准确。
而其中一种常见的修饰方式就是体现因果关系。
在定语从句中，因果关系是一个常见的修饰方式，通过将原因和结果、条件和结论等因果关系的表达方式与名词或代词进行连接，进一步展示事物之间的因果联系。
通过使用定语从句体现因果关系，我们可以更加精准地描述事物之间的关联，使文笔更加丰富，表达更加准确。
在本文中，我们将探讨定语从句体现因果关系的方式以及其作用。
通过对该主题的深入研究，我们可以更好地理解定语从句的应用，并在写作中更加灵活地运用它，使文章更具有逻辑性和说服力。
在下一节中，我们将首先介绍定语从句的概念和特点，为进一步讨论因果关系打下基础。
1.2 文章结构2.正文2.1 定语从句的概念和特点：定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它通常由关系代词（如that, which, who, whom, whose）或关系副词（如when, where, why）引导。
定语从句能够为主句提供额外的信息，进一步限定或说明所修饰名词或代词的意义。
在定语从句中，从句的意思对于所修饰名词或代词的理解起到了至关重要的作用。
同时，定语从句也具有以下几个特点：1. 定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后，形成一个整体的复合词组，从而与主句形成不可分割的关系。
2. 定语从句中的谓语动词通常由从句的引导词支配，因此它常常采用与主句谓语动词不同的时态和语态。
3. 定语从句可以修饰各种名词或代词，如人、物、地点、时间、原因等。
2.2 定语从句体现因果关系的方式：定语从句不仅能够在文章中起到修饰和补充信息的作用，还可以用来体现因果关系。
通过定语从句，我们可以表达一个事件或情况导致另一个事件或情况的结果或原因。
定语从句体现因果关系的方式主要有以下几种：1. 结果关系：通过使用引导词“that”或“so...that”引导的定语从句，来说明某个行动、事件或因素导致了某个结果。
定语从句重难点分析
定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句，用来给出更多的描述信息。
它是英语语法中的一个重要部分，也是写作中的常用手法。
以下是定语从
句的几个重难点：
1. 引导词的选择：定语从句的引导词主要有关系代词和关系副词两种。
关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose，关系副词包括where、when、why。
在选择引导词时需要注意前面名词的性质和上下文的
意思。
2. 引导词在从句中的作用：定语从句中的引导词在从句中充当特定
的成分。
关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose可以分别代替并引入
名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语，并在从句中充当相应的成分，如
主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
关系副词where、when、why在从句中分别
表示地点、时间、原因。
3.限定性和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句是对先行词进行修饰，并且对整个句子的意思起到限定的作用，如果省略，整个句子的意思就不
完整。
非限定性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，但不对整个句子的意
思起到限定的作用，如果省略，整个句子的意思仍然完整。
非限定性定语
从句一般用逗号和先行词隔开，而限定性定语从句则不可以省略。
4.定语从句的位置：定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词前面或者后面，
但是位置的选择会影响到修饰成分和整个句子的流畅度，需要根据具体情
况进行选择。
以上是定语从句中的一些重难点，掌握好这些规则和技巧可以帮助我
们正确使用定语从句，使写作更加准确和流畅。
定语从句一.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
结构：先行词+关系词（关系代词或关系副词）+从句剩余部分The green teamThe team in greenThe team （who are wearing green）is from the UK.先行词：也叫被修饰的词，一般为名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
E.g.:哪一句是定从？Shanghai is no longer what it used to be.Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.二．关系代词(1)用法口诀①先行词在定从中指人，作主语：who,that ；人，宾语：who, whom, that,省略②先行词在定从中指物，作主语：which,that ；物，宾语：which, that, 省略③人，物，所属关系（...的）whose；Whose+n.=the +n.+ of which (物)of whom (人)④固定的结构such...as ，so...as, the same…as(先行词在定从中作主语或宾语)(2)具体运用1.The boys ___________ are playing football are from Class One.2.My favourite teacher is Miss Burke= The teacher _____________ I like best is Miss Burke.3.Football is a game ____________ is liked by most boys.4. I made a sculpture in the Art class . I took the Art class.(合并成定从)_____________________________________________________________________5. He has a friend ____________ father is a doctor. =_________________6.I once lived in a house __________ roof has fallen in. =_____________________7.The girl is so beautiful ________ everyone likes her.(She is such a beautiful girl......)8. The girl is so beautiful _______ everyone likes.9.I bought the same pen ________ you bought yesterday.10.I have never heard such a story __________ he tells.三.关系副词1. When=on which指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语I still remember the day (when I first came to the school. )区分：I still remember the days ________ I spent with my parents.I still remember the days _________ I travelled with my parents.2. Where= in/at which指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语The house (where I lived ten years ago ）has been pulled down区分： Shanghai is the city ________I was born.Shanghai is the city ________ I visited last year. (visit= pay a visit to)3. why指原因=for which，在定语从句中做原因状语（先行词一般为reason）Please tell me the reason (why you missed the plane).区分： I can’t believe the reason _________ he explained to me for his being late.I don't know the reason ____________he looks unhappy today.四.特殊用法1.一些特殊词表示地点：situation，condition，position，case, point, stage, state关系词用where）Eg:He’s got into a dangerous situation ________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.We meet with a situation ________looks impossible to deal with.2.the way 作先行词，关系词用in which; that; 省略不填Eg: I don’t like the way __________ he talked to me.The way ________ he used to solve the problem is great.3. 限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况(1)．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等不定代词修饰时eg: Have you taken down everything _______ Mr. Li has said?All ________is required to do has been done. 注意：all that= _________(名词性从句)(2). 当先行词被序数词修饰时。
例如：The first/last place ________they visited in London was the Big Ben.(3). 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film________ I have seen.(4). 当形容词被the very, the only修饰时This is the very dictionary_______ is my brother’s.After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing__________he owned.(5). 以who, which开头的疑问句,为了避免who…who, which…which等重复Who is the man______is standing there?Which is the T-shirt_________fits me most?(6). 当先行词既有人，也有物时Can you remember the scientist and his theory(理论) ___________we have learned?(7). 当that 在定语从句里充当表语时He is no longer the man _______ he used to be.= He is no longer________ he used to be.4.只用which不用that的情况（1）先行词为物，且介词提前，只用which对比：The plane_____________ we flew to Canada in is very comfortable.The plane _____________ we flew to Canada is very comfortable.（2）先行词是物，在非限制性定语从句（有逗号的定语从句），只用which对比：The plane that/ which we flew to Canada in is very comfortable. 限制性定语从句The plane, which we flew to Canada in, is very comfortable. 非限制性定语从句（有逗号）5.修饰人时只用who不用that的情况1、注意固定搭配those(代人) who… 与he who… )He who does not work hard won’ t pass the exam.Those who are against the law should be punished.(注意谓语动词的单复数)6.one of t he +复数名词，定语从句中的谓语动词，通常用复数形式，the/only/the only one of the+复数名词，从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式Tom is one of the boys who____________late that morning. 汤姆是那天早晨迟到的男生之一。
Tom is the very/the only one of the boys who_________late that morning.汤姆是那天早上唯一迟到的男生。
五．介词加关系代词公式: 指人：介词+whom; 指物：介词+whichEg:The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.介词提前 The school (in which he once studied) is very famous.1. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine ____________ you asked for.Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine__________you asked.2.We'll go to hear the famous singer ___________________we have often talked about.We'll go to hear the famous singer _____________ we have often talked.3.He is the teacher__________ we often turn to for help.He is the teacher __________ we often turn for help.4.The telescope(望远镜)_______which he can see many stars in the sky was bought by his father.5. Our English teacher, ____________help we made great progress in English, has much teaching experience.6.They stayed with me for two weeks, ____they drank all the beer I had.A. for whichB. which timeC. during which timeD. during which注意：某些固定搭配的词组不可把介词提前，如：look for, look after, take care of等 This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)六．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语1.China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句（有逗号的定语从句）举例：1. His mother, who is in Beijing, is attending a business meeting.2. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.注：除that以外其他关系词均可引导非限制性定语从句，用法与限制性定语从句相同，但特殊词which、as不仅可以代替先行词还可代替前面整个句子的意思(as翻译成正如就像)例：1.He once lived in different countries，which has influenced him a lot to become a traveler.2. As is known to us，he is a good man。
