高考英语定语从句及高考考点分析(1)

定语从句考点分析考点一、引导词限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别分类项目三要素做主语的引导词做宾语的引导词作定语的引导词做时间状语的引导词做原因状语的引导词做地点状语的限制性定语从句先行词，引导词，从句that, which,who, asthat，whom/who,whichaswhose,ofwhich/whomwhenwhywhere非限制性定语从句先行词，引导词，从句which, who ，aswhom/who,whichaswhose,ofwhich/whomwhenwhywhere考点分析引导词始终是高考必考的焦点。

that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。

在限制性定语从句中，引导词作宾语时可以省略，但其前面被介词修饰时不可以。

从句中的介词提到引导词前时，指人只能用 whom，指物只能用 which 。

which 可代替主句一句话所说的内容，引导非限制性定语从句表示主句造成的结果，在限制性定语从句中，先行词被 such,as, so, the same 修饰时，用 as 引导；在非限制性定语从句中， as 意为“正如”，只有 as 代替主句一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句可放置主句句首。

做前置定语做后置定语当先行词为表示时间的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。

当先行词为表示原因的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。

当先行词为表示地点的名词，且从句中经典定语从句背诵：1. Yesterday she sold her car, which she bought a month ago.2. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.3. The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.4. They will fly to Washington, where they plan to stay for two or three days.5.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expected.6. As is well known, paper was first invented by the Chinese. Allen came late to the class again, which made the teacher angry.7. Is this the school where you studied 3 years ago? Is this school the one you visited 3 days ago?8. We will never forget the days (that) we spent together. We will never forget the days when we worked together.9. Occasions are quite rare, when I have time to spend a day with my kids.10. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above which appeared a rainbow soon.11. We are having our English class in the classroom whose doors face north. We are having our English class in the classroom the doors of which face north. 12. His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.13. We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk. 14. The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.15. That is the most exciting moment, one (that) I will never forget. (使用定语从句，必须有 先行词， 本句中虽然有先行词，但 that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句，所以 that 前加one 做 moment 的同位语)考点二、介词与关系代词连用作介词与关系代词连用的习题时，要看两点：一看先行词前需要什么介词，二看定 语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。

高考英语定语从句特殊情况下用法讲解一、考点分析定语从句的介词加关系代词的用法是定居从句中的重难点，在题型上主要在语法填空和翻译句子中考到。

二、专题详解A、定语从句中只能用that 引导的情况1．当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等词时。

Everything that he said was true.2.当先行词被the very（恰恰，正好）, the only，any，few，little，no，all修饰时。

This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.The only thing that is constant is change.There was little that we could do to help her.3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the best that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.What is the first American film that you have seen?5．当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6．当先行词既有人又有物时。

高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which that主语Whom which that宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例1：This is the detective who came from London.例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2．关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。

例如：All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。

例如：(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。

例如：There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

2020年高考高考语法考点讲解与真题分析06定语从句（一）在主句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。

定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。

考点一定语从句关系词的选择定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。

关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

关系词的选择可从两个方面入手：一是关系词在从句中所作的成分；二是先行词所指。

关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时，用关系代词；关系词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词。

先行词指人时，关系代词用who, whom, that, whose；先行词指物时，关系代词用which, that, whose。

详见下表：1.关系代词who, whom, which, that引导定语从句关系代词who, whom, which, that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。

1. The little problems _______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. （2017北京）A.thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions，从句是_______ we meet in our daily lives。

从句修饰主句中的problem，是定语从句；关系词在从句中作meet的宾语，应用关系代词，故用that。

2．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （2014安徽）A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which【答案】D【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The exact year was 2008，从句是_______ Angela and her family spenttogether in China。

新课标高考英语语法定语从句高考真题例析定语从句(一)考点1正确选择关系词1．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.(2014·重庆,9) 答案which/that解析考查定语从句.句意为：再有一个月我们就能完成年初制订的销售目标了。

which/that指代targets，在从句中充当set的宾语。

2．I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(2014·湖南,31）答案when解析考查定语从句.先行词为the day,关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。

3．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.（2014·安徽，22）答案which/that解析考查定语从句。

先行词是the exact year，定语从句中的动词spent是及物动词,后面缺少宾语,故填which/that。

4．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad。

（2014·山东，10）答案whose解析考查定语从句.句意为：国内市场利润萎缩的公司可能会寻求国外市场的机会。

空格后名词profits 和先行词company形成所属关系，故应填whose。

5．Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.（2014·陕西,13) 答案that解析考查定语从句。

● 关系词的选择●定语从句的关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词两大类。

关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，而关系副词起着副词(或介词短语)和连词的作用。

◆关系代词that、which、who(m)、whose引导定语从句1) 关系代词that只能用于限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语或宾语(不可作介词的宾语)。

例如：Do you still remember the chicken farm ____ we visited three months ago?(2005北京春)A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what解析：C。

先行词是the chicken farm，定语从句缺宾语，所以应用关系代词that、which 或省略关系代词，选C。

本题所给选项中，where、when都是关系副词，而what不能指代地点。

2) 关系代词which可引导非限定性定语从句，作从句的主语或宾语，指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容；此时，其引导的定语从句一般位于主句后面，常译为“这(那) 件事……”。

例如：His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. (2007 上海)A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it解析：答案选A。

关系代词which在从句中作主语，指代整个主句。

注意：That和which作关系代词，引导定语从句时的主要区别为：which可用于非限定性定语从句中，指代物或整个主句或主句中的一部分，也可以用于介词之后；而that则不能用于上述两种结构中。

3) 关系代词who和whom引导定语从句，都可用于指人，用法类似。

区别主要在于：whom在从句中只能作宾语；而who在从句中可以作主语，也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom，但它的前面不能有介词；如果用于介词后指人时，必须用宾格的whom。

高考英语定语从句用法及注意事项一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）who指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词2、as的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as注意：thesame…as表示同一类，不同一个thesame…that表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。

Which相当于并列句，可以用andthis来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。

注意：as常用于下列结构：asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above, asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theo ne等不定代词时。

2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时。

3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

5、当先行词是数词时。

专题01 定语从句十大考点（解析版）讲义目录定语从句高考考点细目表P1 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比P2 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, whom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P5 考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法P9 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分类训练（一）高考真题P10 分类训练（二）模拟试题P11 分类训练（三）单句改错P12 分类训练（四）句式升级（书面表达）P12 分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）P13 （一）二十四节气之夏至来历及风俗P13（二）英雄猫及时施救心脏病主人P15近年高考真题定语从句考点细目表考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比要点精讲1：I don’t like the way that/in which you speak to your mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。

（the way在定语从句充当方式状语）【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。

1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7.（2014全国I卷）Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.8.（2015全国I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.9. (2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.（2020全国III卷）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. （短文改错）【答案与解析】1. that。

专题01非限制性定语从句(期中重点语法)知识串讲非限制性定语是对被修饰名词或代词的附加说明，它不是必需的，如果去掉，也不会影响句子的意思，它与被修饰名词之间通常用逗号分开。

如：The travellers,knowing about the floods,took another road.游客们知道发了大水，都改道走了。

My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。

非限制性定语从句用法：1、引导非限定性定语从句时，只能用which(不用that)。

例如：Heat is another form of energy,which is as important as other kinds of energy.热是另一种形式的能量，与其他形式的能量一样重要。

（从句表补充说明，而且关系代词which不能换成that。

）2、引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。

例如：That Peter will marry Alice,which has not been announced yet,has spread around.彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已传得沸沸扬扬。

（句子中的which指“彼特要娶爱丽斯”这整个句子的意思。

）3、除which外，还可用when，where，who等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。

whom引导的非限制性定语从句。

关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。

如：Peter,whom you met in London,is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。

whose引导的非限制性定语从句。

whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。

高考英语定语从句高频考点精讲定语从句的构成先行词+引导词+从句如何选择引导词：根据先行词在从句中所担任的成分来选择引导词。

考点一、定语从句的基本句式考点二、限制性和非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。

1. 逗号的使用2. That的使用.3. 做宾语指人who/whom4. 先行词所指的对象5. 引导词做宾语省/不省6. 翻译考点三、只用that 与不用which的情况（一）只用that的情况（1）先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时或由不定代词修饰时。

（2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

（3）先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。

（4）先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。

Eg：He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.I'm unwilling to say goodbye to everyone and everything I am familiar.（5）先行词为数词时。

Eg：Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.（6）如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，第二个定语从句用that。

Eg：①They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.②他们爬到山顶，山顶上有一个追溯于明朝的寺院（7）以which作主语开头的特殊问句中的定语从句用that。

Eg：Which is the bus that you will take?（8）先行词在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导。

高考英语语法难点：定语从句+真题解析考点一考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever【解析】C。

在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。

又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。

2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom【解析】B。

their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。

句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在家乡被照顾得很好。

3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose【解析】D。

在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和C。

而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that 或this的语义特征，而whose则具有one’s的语义特征。

高考语法填空抢分热点之定语从句距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

一、考点精讲定语从句是历年高考的热门话题。

就2022年的新高考卷I语法填空来说，更是有两个考点涉及到定语从句。

定语从句的常考点：1. 引导定语从句的关系词，尤其是关系代词2.只用that引导定语从句（1）先行词是all，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时。

例如：Finally，the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.（最后，小偷把他偷的所有东西都交给了警察。

）（2）先行词被all，any，no，every，few，little，many，much等不定代词修饰时。

例如：I have finished reading all the books that I borrowed from the library. （我己经看完了所有从图书馆借来的书。

定语从句一、定义与特点：在复合句中用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

其特点是定语从句的引导词是先行词的替身，既起联系作用，同时又充当定语从句的一个成分，所以掌握定语从句的关键在于：弄清楚其先行词的所指、所作成分和可否省略。

二、分类与区别：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。

它们的区别有四点：1、从重要性上看：限制性定语从句在整个句子中比拟重要，省去后会影响整个句子意思的表达；而非限制性定语从句如此反之。

2、从句子形式上看：限制性定语从句的引导词前面无逗号，而非限制性定语从句的引导词前面有逗号。

3、从引导词上看：that，why可以引导限制性定语从句，但却不可以引导非限制性定语从句。

4、从引导词可否省略上看：在限制性定语从句中作宾语的引导词可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中的引导词无论作什么成分都不可以省略。

三、用法〔详解〕一、限制性定语从句的用法：〔一〕关系代词引导的定语从句。

1、关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose，as引导的定语从句的用法。

⑴that可以指人，也可以指事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语〔作宾语时可以省略〕。

如：Who is the man that is reading a newspaper there？〔作主语指人〕The girl〔that〕we saw yesterday is Jim's sister.〔作宾语指事物〕A dolphin is an animal that lives in the sea.〔作主语指事物〕The moon cakes that mother cooked taste nice.〔作宾语指事物〕⑵which指事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语〔作宾语时可以省略〕。

如：The silk which is produced in Suzhou sells well.〔作主语指事物〕The song〔which〕the singer sang were very popular.〔作宾语指事物〕⑶who，whom指人：who，whom在定语从句中分别作主语或宾语〔who也可以作宾语，who/whom 作宾语时可以省略〕；whose可以指人〔= of whom〕或事物〔=of which〕不可以省略〕。

定语从句高考考点例析定语从句是高中英语教学的一个重点，也是高考考查的一个热点。

下面通过对近几年来相关定语从句的高考题实行分析，归纳和总结出其考查热点，希望能对同学们理解和掌握定语从句有所协助。

一、考查关系代词或关系副词的选用定语从句的考查主要集中在关联词上。

确定关联词能够分三步走：首先，找出先行词；然后准确判断先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（作主语、宾语或状语）；最后选择适宜的关联词。

通常情况下，我们能够采用“代入法”。

即将先行词代入定语从句中，看看它在从句中充当什么成分，这时答案也就显而易见了。

【原题再现】1. The Science Museum, _____ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A. whichB. asC. whyD. where【点拨】1. 选A。

将先行词The Science Museum代入定语从句中，可知其在定语从句中作visited的宾语，且从句为非限制性定语从句，所以定语从句用关系代词which 引导。

2. 选D。

将先行词cases代入定语从句中应为：“beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases”。

cases在从句中作介词in的宾语，而in the cases 在从句中作状语，所以从句用in which或关系副词where引导。

二、考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)；关系代词在从句中作定语时，一般用whose。