理工英语4第一单元

Unit 11、If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么美好。

我们上了12年的中、小学，又上了3年大学，这期间老师们一直在没完没了地谈论在备受呵护的学生生活之外的那个广阔天地里的各种机会，可我遇到的又是什么呢？Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so ex pensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan,the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. And this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.无论我怎么想保持心情愉快，可麻烦事总是接踵而来：有时是跟人发生矛盾(尤其是跟男孩子，天哪！他们什么时候才能长大？)，但通常是为钱发愁。

大学英语四第一单元习题.Listening Comprehension1Question1to3are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.______{S/1}[A].Mine[B].Gold[C].Environment issue[D].Water2.______{S/1}[A].Air pollution[B].Agriculture[C].Industry[D].Water3.______{S/1}[A].Industry[B].Cars[C].Factories[D].AgricultureListening Comprehension1Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from I to10with the exact words or phrases you have just heard.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.In recent years there has been an increase awareness of the importance of recycling.The three Rs to keep in mind for acleaner environment are:reduce,reuse and recycle.Reducing is the best way to protect the en vironment.However,if you can’t reduce something,reuse it,and if you can’t reuse it,recycle it.Reducing waste means shopping with the environment in mind. Consider the environmental impact of each product before you buy it.Make a list of what you need before you go shopping;this will reduce impulse buying.Avoid buying thing that can’t be recycled.Learning to reuse is easy after a little practice.For example,you can reuse shopping bags.Buy durable,high quality goods for a longer life outside the landfill.Although durable goods may cost a little more at first,they will save your money and help save the environment in the long run.Before throwing anything away,think about how each item can be reused.Reading ComprehensionPassage1Priscilla Ouchida’s“energy-effi cient”house turned out to be a horrible dream.When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago,they built a$100,000,three-bedroom home in California.Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks,the house was equipped with small double-paned(双层玻璃的)windows and several other energy-saving features.Problems began as soon as the couple moved in,however.Priscilla’s eyes burned.Her throat was constantly dry.She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep.It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness.Experts finally traced the cause of her illness.The level of formaldehyde(甲醛)gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers.The source of the gas?Her new kitchen cabinets and wall-to-wall carpeting.The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution,which is notgiven sufficient attention partly because of the nation’s drive to save energy.The problem itself isn’t new.“The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along,”says Moschandr eas,a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland.“Energy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.”The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones.Back in the days when energy was cheap,home builders didn’t worry much about unsealed cracks.Because of such leaks,the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour.As a result,the pollutants generated in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels.1.It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchida's house______{S/1}.[A]is well worth the money spent on its construction[B]is almost faultless from the point of energy conservation[C]failed to meet energy conservation standards[D]was designed and constructed in a scientific way2.What made the Ouchidas’new house a horrible dream?______{S/1}[A]Lack of fresh air.[B]Poor quality of building materials.[C]Gas leakage in the kitchen.[D]The newly painted walls.3.The word“accentuate”(Line4,Para.3)most probably means“______{S/1}”.[A]relieve[B]accelerate[C]worsen[D]improve4.Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?______{S/1}[A]Because indoor cleanliness was not emphasized.[B]Because energy used to be inexpensive.[C]Because environmental protection was given top priority.[D]Because they were technically unavoidable.5.This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled“______{S/1}”.[A]Energy Conservation[B]Houses Building Crisis[C]Air Pollution Indoors[D]Traps in Building ConstructionPassage2Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the21st century,but-regardless of whether it is or isn't-we won't do much about it.We will argue over it and may even,as a nation,make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it.But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem,the less likely they are to be observed.Al Gore calls global warming an"inconvenient truth,"as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution.But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and-without major technological breakthroughs-we can't do much about it.From2003to2050,the world’s population is projected to grow from6.4billon to9.1billion, a42%increase.If energy use per person and technology remain the same,total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions(mainly,CO2)will be42%higher in2050.But that's too low,because societies that grow richer use more energy.We need economic growth unless we condemn theworld's poor to their presentPoverty and freeze everyone else's living standards.With modest growth,energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage,driving and travel)that might cut back global warming.Still, politicians want to show they're“doing something”Consider the Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书).It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn't.But it hasn't reduced CO2 emissions(up about25%since1990),and many signatories(签字国)didn't adopt tough enough policies to hit their2008-2012targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster,the only solution is new technology.Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one.The inconvenient truth is that if we don't solve the engineering problem,we're helpless.6.What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?______{S/1}[A]It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.[B]It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.[C]Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.[D]Very little will be done to bring it under control.7.According to the author's understanding,what is A1Gore's view on global warming? ______{S/1}[A]It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.[B]It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.[C]It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.[D]It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.8.Greenhouse emissions will more than double by2050because of______{S/1}.[A]economic growth[B]wasteful use of energy[C]the widening gap between the rich and poor[D]the rapid advances of science and technology9.The author believes that,since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol,______{S/1}.[A]politicians have started to do something to better the situation[B]few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy use[C]reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warming[D]international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems10.What is the message the author intends to convey?______{S/1}[A]Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.[B]The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.[C]The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.[D]People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.。

第一单元自测题库一、选择填空：阅读下面的对话或句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。

1、--- Goodbye, everyone._______________——Bye, Sally! Don't forget to write.A. Just wait and seeB. Stay in touchC. Sounds great2、---How are you?—— _______A. Nice to meet you.B. Fine, thanks.C. How do you do3、The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been ________ only to the very rich.a. measurableb. affordablec. manageable4、Tony has many Chinese ______.A. stampB. stampsC. a stamp5、 Let's meet at 7:30 outside the gate of ________.A. the People ParkB. People's ParkC. t he People's Park6、 --- Haven't seen you for ages, Mike. ________________--- Pretty good. Everything goes well.A. How are you?B. How's it going?C. What are you doing?7、---Can I help you, sir?---I'd like to have 100 _____. I want my students to draw pictures.A. pieces of paperB. pieces of papersC. piece of paper8、The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been ________ only to the very rich.a. measurableb. affordablec. manageable9、---Hello, I'm Harry Potter.---Glad to meet you. I'm Miller. But __________.A. call me Paul.B. call my Paul.C. call me at Paul.10、-- Could you please tell me something about the two_______?--- ________. They are exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.A. Frenchmen; Yes, pleaseB. Germans; All rightC. Germen; Not at all11、I hope you'll ________working with us in the future.A. achieveB. applyC. enjoy12、---Are you good at Building Materials, Rose?A. Quite wellB. That's all right13、to _________more "micro units".A. inventB. designC. create14、Now this tiny housing solution is ______________ in urban areas in the U.S., and Canada.A. gain ground onB. gain groundC. gain ground upon15、---Hello, I'm Harry Potter.---Glad to meet you. I'm Miller. But __________.A. call my Paul.B. call me Paul.C. call me at Paul.16、---Are you good at Building Materials, Rose?---_______. But I will try to study it well this term.A. Quite wellB. That's all rightC. Not very good 17、The __________ are eating _________ at the foot of the mountain.A. sheeps, grassB. sheeps, grassesC. sheep, grass18、Each apartment only_______15 to 30 square meters for one unit.A. spendB. takesC. make19、I hope you'll ________working with us in the future.A. achieveB. enjoyC. apply二、阅读理解1：阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

Unit OneLanguage Points1. chase (Para. 1): vt. run after someone or something in order to catch them 追逐，追赶―Police chased the thief and eventually recovered the missing money. 警察紧追小偷，最后把丢失的钱找了回来。

―The kids chased each other in the garden. 孩子们在花园里相互追逐。

2. participate in (Para. 1): take part in or become i nvol ved i n an acti vi ty 参加，参与―Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in these discussions. 班里的每个人都应该积极参加这些讨论。

―They wanted opportunities to participate in the decision-making process. 他们希望有机会参与决策制定。

3. pessimistic (Para. 2): adj. expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that somethingwill have a bad result 悲观的―I am deeply pessimistic about the future. 我对未来感到极其悲观。

―This may sound like putting the cart before the horse and being unnecessarily pessimistic.这听起来像是本末倒置，是不必要的悲观。

Unit 1Active reading (1)3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job,and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to,or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or(b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What did the writer want to do after finishing her degree?(a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics.(b) To earn some money to pay off her loan.(c) To start working as soon as possible.(d) To return home and help her mother.2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury?(a) She was hungry and thirsty.(b) She thought it would lead to better things.(c) She was a friend of the landlord.(d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working.3 What did she buy with her first salary?(a) A bunch of flowers.(b) A CD and a plant for the flat she lived in.(c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer.(d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills.4 Why did Tony give her £20,000?(a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help.(b) He trusted her and thought it would help her.(c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him.(d) He was secretly in love with her.5 What did she do with the money?(a) She used it to pay for her course at the LSE.(b) She lost a lot of it in the 2008 stock market crash.(c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors.(d) She used it to start her own business.6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan?(a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair.(b) It meant that he would be able to see her again.(c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her.(d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest.4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds (6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or(b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make thepeople in the place happier?Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as …might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as …might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to b e friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, eve n though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work. Given that we’re all here, I think it w ould be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow. Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow. clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s jus t so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all t hat’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.依我看，现实生活与人们想象的不一样。

If you ask me1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60.3 I didn't really want to go out to work just yet. I mean, I wasn't a dropout and I knew I'd have to some day. According to any number of people "life's not a picnic", "there's no such thing as a free lunch". But given that I'd got a good degree, I thought I'd like to go on to get my master's. Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE) . Top school, very good for my CV. But I talked to my mum about it, and she said she couldn't afford to support me any more. I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics. She'd worked hard for 15 years to give me an education. My dad wasn't around most of the time, and when he was, he didn't have any money. He'd spent it gambling on the dogs or down the pub. So it came to the point when I just agreed with Mum, and bowed myself towards the inevitable.4 If you ask me, and despite everything you hear, fortunately there are some really nice people out there. Take Mike, for example. When I left university, what I thought was that my mum would feel obliged to look after me if I returned home. So I packed up my belongings and went to London to get a job. I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree. But by that time, there were no jobs left, and I didn't really want to end up in some boring office, doing photocopies and making the tea.5 Go anywhere you like in London and there's usually a good pub. The day I realized no one in the city was going to offer me a job, I went into The Salisbury on Leadenhall Street for a drink and something to eat. Mike the landlord was at the bar, pouring pints with one hand, making sandwiches with the other, and washing the glasses all at the same time—it's true, he really did seem to have three hands. He also seemed to know everyone, and greeted the regulars by name, getting their drinks ready with the question, "The usual today, is it?" I thought he looked kind of cool, he was doing what he did best, serving thirsty clients, and no one did it better. So I went up to him and asked him whether there was a job for me.6 Well, to cut a long story short, I started work in the pub one Friday lunch time. It was quite demanding work, but I liked it. People seemed to find me amusing and it made me feel better too. There was one middle-aged regular in a suit who always had a half of bitter and a ham and pickle sandwich, with the crusts cut off. When I saw Tony coming, I tried to have his lunch ready for him even before he asked. He was another one of those really nice people.7 If you ask me, spending money when you don't have any is dead easy. I began to think about how I'd spend my first month's wages. The flat where I was staying was expensive, and I just about had enough to cover the first month's substantial bills. But I calculated that there'dbe just enough money over to treat myself to something. Why not get a CD or maybe a plant to cheer up the flat? I thought.8 It was my birthday on pay day. Apart from Mike and Tony, I didn't have any friends in London. Seeing that I didn't have a boyfriend either, you can understand why I began to feel sorry for myself. So I ordered myself some flowers, and asked them to be sent with a little card, saying "With all my love Anon." The highlight of my birthday would be the confused look on the florist's eyes when he delivered them.9 Later that week, Tony came in as usual and sat down at the bar. "What's wrong with you? Where's that smile gone today?" I talked to him about... well, about pretty well everything, money, the master's, my birthday, the lot. He sympathized with me.10 Tony got up from his stool, and went over to talk to some of the others. Remember: The Salisbury is right in the heart of the city, so all the customers were in banking or insurance or the stock market. Next day he turned up with cheques to the value of £20,000. "This is a loan for you to set up your business. The only collateral you have is my trust in you that one day, you'll pay us back—if you can. And if you can't, too bad, that's the finance business for you. But I think you will."11 I didn't say anything for fear that I was going to cry. What were the odds on anyone being so nice?12 And the flowers? I redirected them to my mum, and they arrived for her on my birthday. She deserved them, don't you think?13 If you ask me, looking back after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed. The fact that the rest is hard work doesn't matter, it's still worth it.14 After a year working at The Salisbury, I got a place at the LSE, did my master's and found a job in an investment bank. I in vested the £20,000, and sold out before the 2008 crash.I paid back Tony and the other investors, with ten per cent annual interest, and set up my own firm. It exceeded all my expectations and is still a thriving business.15 Tony wrote me a thank-you note. He'd been in a car accident, and couldn't walk. The money I paid back would allow him to adapt his house so he could move around it in his wheelchair. This is what he wrote:16 "Thirty-five years in banking, and I've never made a better investment than the loan to you. You've repaid the money with interest, and my trust in you and your honesty 100-fold. If you ask me, investing in people gives the best return you can ever hope for."17 If you ask me, he's right. What do you think?依我看依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。

Book 2 Unit 1Part 1 Short conversationsDirections: In this section you will hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.1.A. The man has never seen the woman before.B. The two speakers work for the same club.C. The two speakers study in the same university.D. The woman is interested in drama.2.A. She was absent all week due to sickness.B. She was seriously injured in a car accident.C. She called to say that her father had been hospitalized.D. She had to be away from school to look after her father.3.A. Plan his budget carefully.B. Tell her more information.C. Ask someone else for advice.D. Buy a present for his girlfriend.4.A. She hates Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician.B. Dr. Andrews has been promoted for his thoroughness.C. She disagrees with Dr. Andrews in many aspects.D. Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting for hours.5.A. The woman can't bear any noise.B. The man is looking for an apartment.C. The man has missed his appointment.D. The woman is going to have a train trip.6.A. The man doesn't want to sell his textbooks to the woman.B. The woman has to get the textbooks in other ways.C. The woman has sold her used textbooks to the bookstore.D. The man is going to buy his textbooks from a bookstore.7.A. They enjoyed the party better than the other guests.B. They knew none of the other guests at the party.C. They didn't think much of the food and drinks.D. They went a long way to attend the party.8.A. She isn't sure when Professor Bloom will be back.B. The man shouldn't be late for his class.C. The man can come back sometime later.D. She can pass on the message for the man.9.A. The tickets are more expensive than expected.B. The tickets are sold in advance at half price.C. It's difficult to buy the tickets on the spot.D. It's better to buy the tickets beforehand.10.A. At a clinic.B. In a supermarket.C. At a school canteen.D. In an ice cream shop.Part 2 Long conversationsDirections:In this section you will hear a long conversation or conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the same conversation.11.A. She wants him to recommend books.B. She wants to apply to graduate schools.C. She wants to take an advanced course.D. She wants him to give her a good grade.12.A. She is a junior.B. She is a senior.C. She is a graduate student.D. She is a teaching assistant.A. He does not intend to offer the course.B. He does not think the course will interest her.C. He never accepts undergraduates in his course.D. He thinks the course will be too difficult for her.14.A. She is unusually well prepared.B. She wants to take an easy course.C. She needs additional credits in the subject.D. She wants to read a book in this field.15.A. To pick some books for her.B. To tutor her himself.C. To let her enroll in an easier course.D. To ask another professor for his opinion.Questions 16 to 19 are based on the same conversation.16.A. Because he was accepted by the university he had chosen.B. Because he wasn't accepted by the university.C. Because he wanted some advice from the woman.D. Because he wanted to find out how to apply for a student loan.17.A. Its Biology Department doesn't have a fine reputation.B. Its Biology Department doesn't have internships for seniors.C. Students often have to attend small discussion sessions.D. The lectures there often have too many students.18.A. It is a small town.B. It is easier to get individual attention from the teachers.C. The setting is better.D. Students there can be taught by graduate students.19.A. He is going to go to the State University.B. He is going to find out how to apply for a student loan.C. He is going to overcome trouble in making friends.D. He is not quite sure of what to do.Questions 20 to 23 are based on the same conversation.20.A. In the class room.B. At registration.C. On campus.D. In the Psychology Department Office.21.A. Students don't have to meet their professors.B. Students don't have to take exams.C. Students can have lectures in different locations.D. All of the above.22.A. It's convenient for the students who have jobs.B. It cuts down on traffic.C. It's nontraditional.D. It doesn't involve class discussions.23.A. It requires too much traveling.B. It's not easy to sign up.C. It doesn't offer students chances to review.D. It limits interactions among students.Questions 24 to 27 are based on the same conversation.24.A. To ask about finding a job.B. To find out what he's doing during the summer.C. To ask him for some advice.D. To invite him to go shopping with her later.25.A. It will give her a chance to make a lot of money immediately.B. She could stay at a hotel at a discount.C. She might get a good job later.D. She might be able to get course credits for her work.26.A. She'll have to work long hours.B. She'll have to work at the hotel during the school year.C. Her rent will be expensive.D. It doesn't pay very well.27.A. Make extra money later.B. Work in the dress shop.C. Visit the hotel.D. Continue her job search for a while.Part 3 Understanding PassagesDirections:In this section you will hear a passage or passages. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.Questions 28 to 31 are based on the same passage.28.A. Nobody had ever attempted to found new universities.B. There were only two universities in England.C. The universities were opened only to royal families.D. They were less influenced by the established church.29.A. They chose subjects not taught at the older universities.B. They were set up in many different cities.C. They had nothing to do with the older universities.D. They were opened to non-Christians.30.A. In the 19th century.B. Before 1960.C. During the 1960s.D. In the 40 years after 1965.31.A. Because more aristocratic money was collected.B. Because the demand for higher education was greater.C. Because secondary education was worse.D. Because the government was ambitious.Questions 32 to 34 are based on the same passage.32.A. How to choose a major at a university.B. General information about undergraduate programs in the US.C. How to choose proper courses at a university.D. How to get help from an academic adviser.33.A. Most undergraduate students have chosen their major when entering a university.B. Students are not allowed to change their major at university.C. Wisely chosen courses can help students graduate soon.D. The deadline for choosing a major is the end of the first year at a university.34.A. To help students select their classes.B. To plan proper program for students.C. To direct students to make more progress.D. All of the above.Questions 35 to 38 are based on the same passage.35.A. Peterhouse College.B. Robinson College.C. King's College.D. Queen's College.36.A. In 1817.B. In 1871.C. In 1873.D. In 1954.37.A. Cambridge University has 20 colleges now.B. Cambridge University opened three women's colleges in the 1970s.C. All the colleges in Cambridge are now mixed.D. There are still more men students than women students in Cambridge University now.38.A. Peterhouse College is the most recent one.B. Peterhouse College was opened in 1977.C. Robinson College was the oldest one.D. Robinson College was not opened until 1977.Questions 39 to 42 are based on the same passage.A. It's the biggest in the country.B. It's the oldest in the country.C. It's the most beautiful in the country.D. It's the smallest in the country.40.A. Outside the classroom building.B. Outside the computer center.C. Outside the library.D. Outside the office building.41.A. In 1988.B. In 1998.C. In XXXX.D. In XXXX.42.A. 8 hours.B. 10 hours.C. 12 hours.D. 14 hours.Questions 43 to 46 are based on the same passage.43.A. Law.B. Literature.C. English Literature.D. English Language and Literature.44.A. Getting high marks in tests like GRE, TOEFL and LSAT.B. Being decisive and confident.C. Admission by an American law school.D. Having enough money to pay for the tuition or getting a scholarship.45.A. It is difficult to get high marks in tests like GRE, TOEFL and LSA T.B. Unlike other students, Liang Li doesn't want to find a good job after graduation.C. A Peking University student wants to go abroad to study law.D. How can a Chinese university student be accepted by a US law school.A. Law is more interesting than literature.B. It's easier to get high marks in GRE than in TOEFL.C. Getting high marks in LSAT means more chance to be accepted by a US law school.D. Liang is still trying to get higher marks in order to get a sufficient scholarship.Part 4 Compound DictationDirections:In this section you will hear a passage or passages three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the information you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Questions 47 to 57 are based on the same passage.The term generation gap first came into prominence in Western countries during the 1960s and described the cultural differences between the young and their parents. Teenagers (47)_______ to World War II were expected to take life (48)______ . Young males were expected to join the (49)________ or go out and get a job in order to help bring in money for the family. Young (50)________ were taught how to take care of the (51)_________ and prepare themselves to be a (52)_________ wife and take care of children. Also, (53)_________ in the late 1930s had very little economic freedom, (54)__________ , and input into decisions.In the 1950s, this changed. The United States emerged from the War and became the most powerful and affluent nation in the world.(55)________________________________________________ . The American dream was born, but at the same time there was a fear of losing America's prosperity and security. The focus for much of the fear was youth— (56)__________________________________________________.As the 40s ended and the 50s emerged, great differences between teenagers and parents began to appear. (57)____________________________________________________________ . Women in particular behaved much differently from their mothers, dressing up in drastically different clothing, smoking and engaging in pre-marital sex, all of which discomforted older generations.Questions 58 to 68 are based on the same passage.The Baby Boom Generation is (58)________ after the explosion in birth rates from the 1940s up to the early 1960s. There were two important (59)_________ to the boom. First, World War II soldiers returned home. Family formation had been slowed because of the war and a (60)________ nation was ready to return to peacetime (61)__________ . Second, young adultssaw marriage and work as a way of gaining (62)_________ . Ninety-four percent of women born between 1931 and 1935 became mothers compared to only 81% for the (63)___________ generation 25 years earlier. The experience with fascism over the previous decade led some experts to believe that the best (64)___________ against totalitarianism (极权主义) was a (65)_________ of inner-directed (有主见的) idealistic citizens.So parents were encouraged to raise children in an affirming environment. (66) ______________________________ .As the 1960s arrived, a new wave of optimism began. (67) __________________________.Women were beginning to question the gender roles they had been raised with. Birth control pills hit the market in 1960, giving women some control over their fertility. (68) _____________________________________________________________________________.Key:Part 1 Short conversations(In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.)1. C2. D3. B4. D5. B6. B7. B8. D9. D 10. CPart 2 Long conversations(In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.)11. C 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D24. C 25. C 26. D 27. APart 3 Understanding Passages(In the case of True/False type of questions, A stands for True and B for False, or A for Y, B for N and C for NG.)28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B32. A 33. C 34. D35. C 36. B 37. D 38. D39. B 40. C 41. D 42. D43. D 44. B 45. C 46. CPart 4 Compound Dictation47. prior 48. seriously 49. military 50. females 51. household52. dutiful 53. teenagers 54. independence55. The economy picked up and teenagers began experiencing a great deal of economic freedom and independence56. it was a shared idea that young people lacked the discipline that had made America great57. The older generation having just fought in the war found it inappropriate that the younger were out at dance halls and listening to rock and roll58. named 59. contributors 60. joyful 61. pursuits 62. respect63. previous 64. defense 65. democracy66. Mothers focused on raising their children and fathers worked to build the economy67. By the early 1960s many men were questioning the dreary nature of social life68. With each passing year the US saw itself being drawn into the Women's Rights Movement。

大学英语综合教程全新版第四册第一单元课文————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期：Ｔheｙｓay ｔhat priｄe comeｓbefore aｆaｌl. In tｈｅcasｅｏｆbｏtｈＮaｐole ｏｎａnｄHitler, the many ｖictories ｔhey enjoyed led theｍｔo believe ｔhat anything was poｓｓibｌe, that notｈing cｏｕld ｓtaｎd in thｅirｗaｙ.Russia'ｓｉｃｙdefｅnder waｓtoｐrove thｅm wｒong.人道是骄兵必败。

就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧,他们所向披靡,便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。

但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。

ThｅIcy DefendeｒNilａ B. Sｍith1 In 1８12，Ｎapｏleon Bonapartｅ，Eｍｐeｒor of the Fｒenｃh, led hisＧranｄAr ｍy intｏＲusｓia. Hｅwａｓｐrepared foｒthe fierce ｒｅsistaｎce ｏf tｈe Russian peｏpｌe dｅfending thｅｉr homelanｄ. Hｅwas pｒｅｐared fｏr the lｏng ｍarch acros ｓRuｓsｉａn sｏil ｔo Mｏsｃow，the ｃapｉtal city.Ｂｕt he waｓnot prepared for ｔｈe dｅvasｔａｔinｇeｎeｍｙthat ｍet hiｍin Moscow -- the raw, ｂitｔer，ｂlｅak Rus ｓｉan wiｎｔｅr.冰雪卫士奈拉·B·史密斯１８12年,法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。

Unit1They say that pride comes before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand in their way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.人道是骄兵必败。

就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。

但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。

The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.冰雪卫士奈拉·B·史密斯1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。

他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。

他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。