阅读理解科普类

科普类阅读理解答题技巧
科普类阅读理解答题技巧包括以下几个方面：
1. 理解文章主旨：首先要明确文章的主题，理解作者想要传达的主要信息。

这有助于理解整个文章，并有助于答题时把握正确的方向。

2. 仔细阅读问题：在开始答题之前，要仔细阅读问题，理解问题的要求和意图。

这样可以确保答题时更加有针对性，避免偏离主题。

3. 寻找关键信息：在阅读文章时，要特别注意与问题相关的关键信息。

这些信息可能出现在文章的某个段落或句子中，需要仔细寻找并理解其含义。

4. 推理和分析：在获取关键信息的基础上，需要进行推理和分析。

这可以帮助理解文章中隐含的意义，以及作者的观点和态度。

5. 排除干扰项：在答题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。

这些干扰项可能是一些与问题无关的信息或错误的选项，需要仔细辨别并排除。

6. 核实答案：在选择答案之前，要再次核实答案的正确性。

这可以通过再次阅读文章或对答案进行推理和分析来实现。

7. 提高阅读速度：科普类文章通常比较长，因此提高阅读速度非常重要。

可以通过练习快速阅读、阅读不同领域的文章等方式来提高阅读速度。

科普环保类AThere are an extremely large number of ants worldwide。

Each individual（个体的）ant hardly weighs anything,but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind.They also live nearly everywhere,except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles。

For animals their size，ants have been astonishingly successful,largely due to their wonderful social behavior。

In colonies(群体)that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions,they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization。

Where we use sound and sight to communicate,ants depend primarily on pheromones（外激素),chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony.When an ant finds food，it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying，it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit。

专题十九科普文章阅读[学法——理清顺序，品味语言] [视情选学，有备无患] [把握文体特征]明结构，快读文；知特点，准做题科普文章近乎以前提到的科技说明文，指研究自然科学及技术方面的文章，包括物理学、化学、植物学、矿物学、生理学和数学等以及它们大大小小、远远近近的分支。

近几十年来，众多的边缘学科的形成，更使这一领域日新月异，令人目不暇接。

科普文章的阅读成为高考中现代文阅读的重要组成部分。

因此，本专题从把握科普文章的定义与文体特点入手，让考生学会阅读科普文章，并运用基本的阅读方法掌握科普文章的内容概要。

一、科普文章的内涵科普就是科学技术普及的简称。

人类的科学和技术活动，包括两个方面：一是科学技术的研究与开发，二是科学技术的传播与人才培养。

因此，科普是科技工作的重要组成部分。

科普文章就是把人类研究开发的科学知识、科学方法，以及融化于其中的科学思想和科学精神，通过多种方法、多种途径传播到社会的方方面面，使之为公众所理解，用以开发智力、提高素质、培养人才、发展生产力，并使公众有能力参与科技政策的决策活动，促进社会的物质文明和精神文明建设。

二、科普文章的类别科普文章大致可分为两种：一种是科学说明文，一种是科学小品。

高考试卷中的选文大多采用科学小品，科学小品是带有文学色彩的科技说明文，形式简短，内容通俗，语言既准确简明又形象生动，融知识性与趣味性于一体。

这里主要介绍科学小品的相关知识：1．科学小品的概念科学小品是一种以科学为题材的小品文。

它用文学笔法来写，寓科学性、知识性、趣味性、娱乐性为一体，使读者在文学欣赏中获得科学知识。

科学小品一般短小精悍、通俗易懂、语言丰富多彩、形式生动活泼，读这类文章能活跃思维、丰富知识、开阔视野，很受广大读者的喜爱。

2．科学小品的主要特点(1)内容的科学性科学小品的科学性非常重要，内容必须合乎科学，引用的资料必须可靠，数据必须准确。

写科学小品的目的就是向人们普及科学知识，如果介绍的知识不合乎科学，不仅达不到写作目的，还会造成很坏的影响。

英语阅读理解(科普环保)练习题20篇及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat."WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches.""Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?A. It can frighten sharks away.B. It is an ocean explorer.C. It is a rubbish collector.D. It can catch fish instead of people.（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. The causes of ocean pollution.B. The dangers of using plastics.C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.D. The importance of ocean protection.（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?A. Avoid crashing into it.B. Break it into pieces.C. Swallow it.D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。

高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A new study from brain researchers helps explain how the human brain evolved or changed over time, to permit people to speak and write.Michael Ullman, the lead researcher, a professor at Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, D.C, has been studying language learning for more than 20 years.Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or co-opted (指派) parts of our brain for language. And those parts, he says, are ancient-older even than humans themselves."This study examines the theoretical framework (准则) that language is learned, stored and' processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain."Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process."Declarative memory, in humans at least, is what we think of as learning memory', such as, 'Oh, remember what you said last night' or things like that. And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory' such as how you learn to ride a bicycle." Or, Ullman adds, "These procedural memory skills become so deeply leaned that we are no longer aware that we are doing them."However, Ullman explains that the two long-term memory systems can share tasks. And, he adds, the adult brain uses the systems to learn language a bit differently than a child's brain. "Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns. They think about it purposefully. For a child, the grammar may come more naturally. They don't have to think about the grammar rules before speaking."In addition to language learners, Ullman's study could help people who have a brain injury that affects speaking and writing. This knowledge can also help those who have learning disabilities such as dyslexia (阅读障碍). People with dyslexia have difficulty recognizing words and symbols accurately.（1）How did Ullman study human's memory systems?A. By examining the brain with his team.B. By studying language learning over years.C. By comparing different languages year after year.D. By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of "motor memory"?A. Learning to make a model plane.B. Remembering the grammar patternsC. Repeating what you heard.D. Memorizing what you read.（3）What does the underlined word "it" refer to?A. Declarative memory.B. An adult language learner.C. Using grammar patterns.D. A second language.（4）What's the main idea of the text?A. Ullman has advanced our language understanding.B. A new research helps people learn a new language.C. Learning memory is more active than motor memory.D. Human beings learn language in pre human area of brain.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述Michael Ullman和他的团队的研究称人类大脑前区的为语言学习区，由此解开了人类大脑进化过程之谜。

（英语）高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解According to a recent study, a new genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS.The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those are in developing countries. Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.The new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers said the "groundbreaking" discovery is "realistically the only way" that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world.They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine.The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A. Stress the urgency of HIV treatments.B. Provide some data about HIV.C. Remind readers of HIV prevention.D. Introduce HIV to the public.（2）In which way will the rice be used at the lowest cost?A. By transforming it into proteins.B. By adding it to an oral drug.C. By attaching it to the HIV virus.D. By processing it into a cream.（3）What can we infer about the genetic engineering process?A. It can prevent infections of HIV.B. It can produce dangerous chemicals.C. It still requires perfecting.D. It applies to the developed world.（4）From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A social webpage.D. A first aid brochure.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家培育出可预防艾滋病病毒感染的转基因水稻。

高考英语试题精选-阅读理解专题科普环保类(2018-2022)高考英语真题分项汇编（全国）2022年(全国甲卷)Goffin’s cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native to Australasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.In a recent experiment,cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it.The clear front of the box had a“keyhole”in a geometric shape,and the birds were given five differently shaped“keys”to choose from.Inserting the correct“key”would let out the nut.In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age,but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical(对称的)shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an“allocentric frame of reference”.In the experiment,Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job,in most cases,by visual recognition alone.Where trial-and-error was used,the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索),or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.24.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?A.By following instructions.B.By using a tool.C.By turning the box around.D.By removing the lid.25.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?ing a key to unlock a door.B.Telling parrots from other birds.C.Putting a ball into a round hole.D.Grouping toys of different shapes.26.What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?A.How far they are able to see.B.How they track moving objects.C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.27.Which can be a suitable title for the text?A.Cockatoos:Quick Error CheckersB.Cockatoos:Independent LearnersC.Cockatoos:Clever Signal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters 2021（全国乙卷）You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between4.8and12.7 million tonnes enter oceanecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference?Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage,forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year,the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse,”a pair of10-foot-tall plastic waves,frozen mid-crash.Made of168,000plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups,the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.Just9%of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution,but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and,because of their small size and weight,they cannot be recycled.Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone,the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from2018,Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic:Every 60seconds,a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work,titled“Truckload ofPlastic,”Von Wong and a group of volunteerscollected more than10,000pieces of plastic,which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all at once.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.41What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A.Beautifying the city he lives in.B．Introducing eco-friendly products.C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D．Reducing garbage on the beach.42.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph3?A.To show the difficulty of their recycling.B.To explain why they are useful.C.To voice his views on modern art.D.To find a substitute for them.43.What effect would“Truckload of Plastic”have on viewers?A.Calming.B．Disturbing.C．Refreshing.D．Challenging.44.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Artists’Opinions on Plastic SafetyB.Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC.Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures2021年（上海卷）Is there link between humans and climate change or not?This question was first studied in the early1900s.Since then,many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference.In1997,the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth's changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions(排放)from2008to2012.Somecountries have decided to continue these reductions until2020.More recently,the Paris Agreement,stuck by nearly200countries,also aims tolimit global warming.But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.（1）It can be concluded from paragraph1that_______.A.the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by2020B.gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countriesC.the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto ProtocolD.humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming（2）If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement,what would happen by the year2100?A.The human population would increase by one third.B.Little over50%of all species would still exist.C.Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.D.The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.（3）If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive,the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age,should be_______.A.0.8℃B.1.5℃C.2℃D.3.5℃2020年(全国卷II)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list,fur probably didn’t cross your mind.But some ecologists and fashion(时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”,says Cree McCree,project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters$5a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.”says Michael Massimi,an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt about it.Hunters bring in more than300,000nutria tails a year,so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion.Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1think that’s going to be a massive thing,at least here in New York.”Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.28.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A.To promote guilt-free fur.B.To expand the fashion market.C.To introduce a new brand.D.To celebrate a winter holiday.29.Why are scientists concerned about nutria?A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B.Nutria are an endangered species.C.Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.D.Nutria are illegally hunted.30.What does the underlined word“collapsed”in paragraph5probably mean?A.Boomed.B.Became mature.C.Remained stable.D.Crashed.31.What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A.It’s formal.B.It’s risky.C.It’s harmful.D.It’s traditional.2021年（新高考1卷）When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of NorthAmerican,the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these lions of waterfowl(水禽)were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious lions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地).In1934,with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act,all waterfowl hunters16years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N."Ding"Darling,a political cartoonist from Des Moines,Iowa,who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.About98cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since1934,better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than5million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.28.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?A.Loss of wetlands.B.Popularity of water sports.C.Pollution of rivers.D.Arrival of other wild animals.29.What does the underlined word"decimate"mean in the first paragraph?A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.30.What is a direct result of the Act passed in1934?A.The stamp price has gone down.B.The migratory birds have flown away.C.The hunters have stopped hunting.D.The government has collected money.31.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.The Federal Duck Stamp StoryB.The National Wildlife Refuge SystemC.The Benefits of Saving WaterfowlD.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting2019年6月(浙江卷)Many factors contributed to the decline,said Patrick Mclntyre,an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).But in comparing a study of California forests done in the1920s and1930s with another one between2001and2010,Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed,taking into account such things as rainfall,air temperature,dampness of soil,and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).Since the1930s,Mclntyre said,the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures,which cause trees to lose more water to the air,and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.27.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.B.The increasing variety of California big trees.C.The distribution of big trees in California forests.D.The influence of farming on big trees in California.28.Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A.Ecological studies of forests.B.Banning woodcutting.C.Limiting housing development.D.Fire control measures.29.What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?A.Inadequate snowmelt.C.A warmer climate.30.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.California's Forests:Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonC.Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D.Patrick Mclntyre:Grow More Big Trees in California2018年（全国I卷）We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style.That’s bad news for the environment–and our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life–from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early1990s. Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in1997.And MP3players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in1992to13in2007.We’re not just keeping these old devices–we continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放)more than doubling during the1992to2007window.So what’s the solution(解决方案)?The team’s data only went up to2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.高考英语试题精选-阅读理解专题科普环保类答案【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

高考语文高考语文压轴题科普文章类文本阅读专项训练分类精编及答案一、科普文章类文本阅读1．阅读下面的文字，完成小题材料一：我很高兴发现一群和我一样喜欢自然的孩子，但聊着聊着就发现他们中有一半人最喜欢的是在自然里骑车。

有个男孩说：“我和爸爸在沙漠里骑车，基本上都不走大路。

我爸爸和越野车们赛车。

他说就算走大路去沙漠也很好玩，因为还是可以看到动物，而且和汽车比赛很有趣。

”还有个男孩说：“我们每年8月都去犹他州，我妈妈的朋友有3辆全地形车。

我们骑着好玩，但最主要是晚上看鹿啊臭鼬啊之类的动物。

你要是把鱼的内脏丢在外面，晚上出去就能看到5头黑熊。

太好玩了！”第三个男孩说：“我们每周末都去沙漠，他们那儿有比赛。

有个小山没人去，因为上面都是石头，所以我们把它改造了一下，上山后可以跳下去，我们在那儿看到蛇洞和蛇了。

热的时候我们就出去找蜥蜴。

”还有一个女孩天真地补充说：“我爸爸有辆四轮驱动的卡车，我们去沙漠，不去自然之类的地方。

”（摘编自理查德·洛夫著，郝冰等译《林间最后的小孩——拯救自然缺失症儿童》）材料二：【注】其他，指机构一类的特殊群体，如政府机构等。

自然教育，指以有吸引力的方式，让人们在自然中体验、学习关于自然的知识，建立与自然的联结，树立生态的世界观。

材料三：去爱非人类的生物，其实并不太困难，只要多了解它们就不难办到。

这种能力，甚至是这种倾向，可能都是人类的本能之一。

这种现象被称为“亲生命性”，是一种与生俱来、特别关注生命以及类似的生命形式的倾向，有时甚至会想与它们进行情感交流。

人类能够很敏锐地分辨出生命与无生命。

我们认为其他生物是新奇、多样的。

未知的生物，不论生活在深海、原始林，还是遥远的深山中，都会令我们觉得兴奋。

其他星球上可能有生物的想法，也总是吸引着我们。

恐龙更是人们心目中生物多样性消失的象征。

在美国，参观动物园的人数要超过职业运动比赛的观众数。

而在华盛顿的国家动物园，最受欢迎的是昆虫馆，因为这儿展示的物种最新奇，样式也最多。

Test 1A Robot with a Sense of HumorWanna hear a joke？This nifty little robot’s got a few—and it can tell if you’re interested. Recently the Japanese company Hitachi has invented a robot that has its own sense of humor and the ability to understand when someone else doesn’t share it.The red­and­white robot is known as EMIEW2.It stands at 80 centimeters—no taller than a small child—and is equipped with a pair of roller skates that allow it to quickly move around.The robot is programmed to recognize key words in a sentence，such as “how many”，in order to understand what sort of question it’s being asked.The little robot is further programmed to understand a wide range of human responses，such as shrugs or nods.It has the ability to carry on a short conversation with a human—without being given a script and it allows the robot to work out whether or not the person it’s talking to understands its joke.For example，the robot is asked how many people work at the Hitachi lab，and it answers，“We have two swans.” When its human conversation partner appears puzzled，the robot says，“You got it？I’m kidding.We have about 800 people working here.”“Maybe EMIEW2’s sense of humor needs a lot of work，” said Hitachi’s Hisashi Ikeda，“its ability to understand human reactions was an important step forward.”“The new technology makes it possible for a robot to understand what a human means，even if they gesture，”he said.EMIEW2 is short for Excellent Mobility and Interactive Existence as a Workmate.Hitachi hopes to have EMIEW2 provide company to people，serving as a house­pet or even a receptionist or caregiver.Notes：1．nifty [′nIftI]adj.俏皮的；漂亮的2．Hitachi日立，日本一家全球最大的综合跨国集团3．response [rI′spɒns]n．反应4．shrug [ʃrʌɡ]n．& v．耸肩5．script [skrIpt]n．剧本6．Excellent Mobility and Interactive Existence as a Workmate具有卓越的灵活性和交互性的工作伴侣7．receptionist [rI′sepʃənIst]n．接待员Have a Try：1．How does the robot move around?A．By a pair of roller skates.B．By its two legs.C．By human beings.D．By electricity.2．The robot can do the following things EXCEPT .A．having a talk with humansB．making gesturesC．telling jokesD．recognizing whether you understand its jokes3．We know from the reading that .A．the robot determines if you’ve got the “joke” it has just told by asking you questions B．the robot tells perfect jokesC．the robot can answer whatever questions you askD．the robot will be a perfect house or office helper in the futureTest 2Family MealsTeenagers who turn off the TV and sit down to family meals are less likely to have eating disorders，take drugs，drink or struggle at school.A study has connected eating together with lower rates of bulimia and anorexia.Kids who are used to eating round the table are less likely to take up smoking to lose weight.Besides，they are more likely to have meals on time.Researcher Barbara Fiese said，“In many people’s opinion，teenagers don’t want to be around their parents very much.Besides this，they are too busy with their studies and spend more time with their friends.”The study shows happy families have teenagers who eat with their parents often.These teens have less bad diet or dangerous eating habits.“For most parents，it is difficult to get their families together around the table seven days a week.But if they can have three family meals a week，it will be good for their children’s health，”she added.Professor Fiese has found that teens who eat at least five meals a week with their families are 35 percent less likely to be “disordered eaters”．Even three family meals a week helped，withyoungsters 12 percent less likely to be overweight than those who ate with their families less often.They were also 24 percent more likely to eat healthy foods and have healthy eating habits than those who didn’t share three meals with their families.Teens can also use family meals as a time to get their thoughts across.Professor Fiese said，“Family meals give them a place where they can go regularly to check in with their parents and express themselves freely.”Notes：1．eating disorders饮食失调症2．bulimia [bu′lImIə]n．暴食症3．anorexia [ˌænə′reksIə]n．厌食症Have a Try：1．Which of the following is NOT a reason why children don’t eat with their parents? A．They don’t want to be with their parents too often.B．They spend a lot of time with friends.C．They think their parents are too strict.D．They are too busy with their studies.2．What can we learn from the passage?A．It is hard for family members to sit together for meals often.B．It is good for family members to watch TV while having meals.C．Parents will have meals on time if they eat with their children.D．Teenagers who have meals with their parents are cleverer.3．In the article，the author intends to tell us .A．eating together as a family creates better eating habits later in lifeB．the more often teenagers have meals with their parents，the less likely they behave badly C．eating with parents is importantD．the more often teenagers eat with their families，the healthier they areTest 3I Listen to ColorI come from a place where the sky is always grey，where flowers are always grey，and wheretelevision is still in black and white.I actually come from a world where color doesn’t exist.I was born with achromatopsia.I was born completely color­blind.So I’ve never seen color，and don’t know what it looks like.But since the age of 21，I can hear color thanks to a magic electronic eye called “eyeborg”：a color sensor between my eyes connected to a chip installed at the back of my head that transforms color frequencies into sound frequencies that I hear through my bone.I’ve had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I’ve been listening to colors nonstop since 2004.So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.Since I started to hear color，my life has changed dramatically.Art galleries have become concert halls.I can hear a Picasso.And supermarkets have become like night clubs.I love how they sound. My sense of beauty has changed.Someone might look very beautiful but sound terrible，and someone might sound very harmonious but look awful.So I find it reallyexciting to create sound portraits of people.Instead of drawing the shape of someone’s face I write down the different notes I hear when I look at them，and then I send them an mp3 of their face.Each face sounds different.I can even give face concerts now，concerts where I play the audience’s faces.The good thing about doing this is that if the concert doesn’t sound good，it’s their fault.I also found out that things I thought were colorless are not colorless at all.Cities are not grey.Lisbon is yellow turquoise；London is very golden red...and humans are not black and white.Human skins range from light shades of orange to very dark shades of orange.We are all orange.If we extend our senses，we will consequently extend our knowledge.Notes：1．permanently [′pз：mənəntlI]ad v.永久地2．turquoise [′tз：kwɒIz]adj.蓝绿色的；宝石绿的Sentence：If we extend our senses，we will consequently extend our knowledge.延伸感官，获得知识。