2011江苏南通市初中学业水平测试

江苏省南通市如皋中学2024届化学高一上期中学业水平测试试题请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

一、选择题（每题只有一个选项符合题意）1、用N A代表阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A．0.5 mol镁粒与足量盐酸反应产生11.2 L H2B．1L0.5mol/LFeCl3溶液完全转化可制得0.5N A个Fe(OH)3胶粒C．0.5 mol/L的FeCl2溶液中含有Cl﹣个数为N AD．25℃、101Pa时，16g O2和O3混合气体中含有的原子数为N A2、宋代著名法医学家宋慈的《洗冤集录》中有“银针验毒”的记载，“银针验毒”的原理是4Ag+2H2S+O2=2Ag2S+2H2O，下列说法错误的是（）A．O2是氧化剂，被还原B．反应中H2S被氧化C．银针验毒时，Ag元素化合价升高D．银针验毒时，空气中氧气得到电子3、下列各组离子在溶液能够大量共存的( )A．Ca2+、Cl-、K+、CO32-B．Fe3+、Cl-、H+、SO42-C．Fe2+、OH-、NO3-、SO42-D．HC03-、Na+、OH-、K+4、下列溶液中，c(H+)最大的是( )A．250ml2mol/L的硝酸B．500ml1mol/L的盐酸C．40ml5mol/L的盐酸D．100ml3mol/L的硫酸5、下列反应的离子方程式正确的是A．向稀硫酸中投入铁粉：6H++2Fe＝2Fe3++3H2↑B．铜片插入稀盐酸溶液中：Cu+ 2H+＝Cu2++ H2↑C．碳酸钙和稀盐酸反应：CaCO3+2H+＝Ca2++CO2↑+H2OD．澄清石灰水与稀盐酸反应Ca(OH)2＋2H＋＝Ca2＋＋2H2O6、下列有关胶体的叙述中不正确．．．的是A．“雨后彩虹”既是一种自然现象又是光学现象，同时也与胶体有关B．在溶有1mol Fe(OH)3的胶体中，含有N A个Fe(OH)3胶粒C．实验室可用丁达尔效应鉴别胶体与溶液D．分散质粒子大小介于1 nm～100 nm之间的分散系称为胶体7、在实验室中,对下列实验事故或药品的处理正确的是A．汽油失火时,立即用水灭火B．少量浓硫酸沾在皮肤上,立即用氢氧化钠溶液擦洗C．用火加热试管内的液体时,试管口不能正对着自己或別人D．实验室中含硫酸的废液可以直接倒入水槽, 用水冲入下水道8、下列变化中，必须加入氧化剂才能发生的是( )A．SO2→S B．SO32-→SO2C．I-→I2D．HCO3-→CO32-9、下列各组中的两物质相互反应时，若改变反应条件（温度、反应物用量比），化学反应的本质并不改变的是A．Na和O2B．NaOH和CO2C．Na2O2和CO2D．木炭（C）和O210、火法炼铜首先要焙烧黄铜矿，其反应方程式为: 2CuFeS2 + O2 === Cu2S + 2FeS + SO2，下列说法中正确的是( )A．SO2只是氧化产物B．CuFeS2仅作还原剂，硫元素被氧化C．每生成1 molCu2S，有4 mol S原子被氧化D．每有1 mol S原子被氧化，则转移6 mol电子。

2024届江苏省南通市英语九上期末学业水平测试试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

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Ⅰ. 单项选择1、--- It’s raining outside. Where’s my umbrella? ---Oh, Tom ____________.A．takes it away B．took it away C．has taken it away D．has taken away it2、You’d better _______ too much meat. You are much too fat.A．not eat B．eat otherC．not to eat D．don’t eat3、--- It is reported that the forest fire in Liangshan has caused thirty-one deaths.--- bad news it is !A．What a B．How a C．What D．How4、— Would you like to have ________ coffee?—No, thanks. I don’t want ________ drinks.A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some5、These nice photos in Science Museum last year.A．take B．were taken C．are taken D．took6、一Did you have a discussion with him about the matter?一No. When I saw him, he his history project busily.A．was preparing B．prepares C．has prepared D．prepared7、The rest of students in the classroom ______my classmates.A．is B．are C．be D．am8、This song reminds me ________ my best friend.A．with B．for C．of9、- On March 31st, 30 fire fighters (扑火队员) lost their lives in the forest fire in Daliangshan Mountain.-______________A．I'm afraid not. B．I'm sorry to hear that.C．I don't think so. D．That's not for sure.10、One of the wonders of the _____ world is the pyramids in Egypt.A．crowded B．natural C．ancient D．modernⅡ. 完形填空11、Many years ago, there lived a very rich man. He wanted to do 1 for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out who deserved (值得) his help. So he put a large 2 in the center of the main road in the town.Then he hid behind a tree and watched.Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the center of this road ?” said the old man. But he did not 3 to remove the stone. He passed the stone and continued his way. Then several other people came and did the same thing as the old man did. 4 of them complained about the stone, but no one tried to remove it.In the late afternoon, a young man came along. He saw the stone and said, “It will be dark soon. There is no road lamp here. Someone may trip over the stone. It must be very dangerous.” The young man then began to move the stone. He moved it to one side of the road. Then he 5 a bag full of money under the stone and a message saying, “The money is for the thoughtful person who removes this stone from the road. That person deserves help.”1．A．anything B．something C．everything2．A．table B．stone C．box3．A．try B．allow C．refuse4．A．Neither B．All C．None5．A．left B．remembered C．foundⅢ. 语法填空12、Do you know Stephen Hawking? He’s one of the most well-known 1．（scientist）on space and time in the world. He was born in England in 1942. Hawking is 2．（study）how the universe began and how it ends.When he studied math and science at Oxford University, he fell 3．(serious) ill, which made him unable to speak or breathe. Till now, he can’t move or feed 4．(him). however, he has a wheelchair with 5．special computer, with which he can communicate with others.6．he was facing all these difficulties, he refused to give up his hope of living. Because 7．his illness, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started 8．(think) in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he is respected by people in the world.Once he 9．(invite) to China to give lectures. His self-confidence and humorous conversations impressed us deeply.He once said, “When something unfair happens, 10．is no need to worry about it! Y ou just have to do the best in your own situation.”Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Some children cannot wait to grow up. Because once you become an adult, you are free to make your own decisions. More importantly, you can do all those things that you canno t do now because you are too young. So, the question is, ‘At what age do you really become an adult?' Well, people become adults at different ages in different places.In Australia, the 18th birthday is a very important event for young Australians because it means they can do almost anything they want. They can vote, learn to drive a car, get married, join the army and even buy their own houses. However, even if they can do all these things, most Australians have to wait until their 21st birthday to really celebratebecoming an adult. This is the traditional adult age not only in Australia, but also in the USA and the UK. It is their first year of true independence (独立).Traditionally, people were given a key to their houses by their parents when they turned 21, meaning they could come and go as they like.Even though 21 is the traditional adult age in many English-speaking countries, the law nowadays is different in each country. In the UK, you can join the army at 16 and even get married at 16 if your parents allow. Young people in the UK can learn to drive a car at 17 as in Australia, although they have to wait until they are 18 to vote.In China, there is a different age for each of the stages of becoming an adult. You can vote and learn to drive a car when you are 18, but if you want to get married, women have to wait until they are 20 and men until they are 22. Chinese people celebrate important birthdays every 10 years--so when young people turn 20, they can expect a big party!No matter what age you are, becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible（负责任的）. Once you are finally able to take care of yourself and make your own decisions, then you can say that you are truly all grown-ups.1．Which of the following are truly adults according to the passage?A．Independent grown-ups. B．Married people.C．People who can drive. D．People in the army.2．At what age do Australians really become adults?A．17. B．18. C．20. D．21.3．What is the writer’s opinion about the age people become a dults?A．The age people become adults depends on whether they can vote or not.B．The age people become adults depends on their own independence and responsibility.C．The age people become adults depends on if they are eighteen years old.D．The age people become adults depends on when they get the key to their houses.4．Why do people in Australia get the key to the houses when they really become adults?A．Because the law decides it.B．Because they can leave when they want.C．Because they can come home when they want.D．Because it is a tradition.5．What are adults free to do according to the passage?A．They are free to decide when to celebrate their own birthdays.B．They are free to look after themselves well.C．They are free to make their own decisions.D．They are free to make time move faster.B14、Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife，“I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there.” “Where are you going to stay there？” his wife asked. “I don't know yet.” Dick answered. “Please send me your address from there in a telegram(电报)，”his wife said. “All right，” Dick answered.He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.In the evening he didn't have any work，so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said，“Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner.”He found a taxi and the driver said，“Where do you want to go？” But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.“Which hotel are my things in？” he said. “And what am I going to do tonight？” But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram，and in it he wrote，“Please send me my address at this post office.”1．Dick flew to New York because ________．A．he went there for a holiday B．he had work thereC．he went there for sightseeing(观光) D．his home was there2．Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?A．The manager(经理)of his hotel. B．The police office.C．The taxi driver. D．His wife.3．Which of the following is NOT true?A．Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.B．Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.C．Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.D．Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.C15、Nobody knows who invented the pencil or when it was invented. A Swiss (瑞士人)described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood with lead（铅）inside it . Pencils weren’t popular, and people continued to write with pens. In 1795,someone started making pencils from graphite(石墨) and they became very popular. Today, people make pencils in the same way. They make the graphite into the shape of a stick, and then they put it inside a piece of wood. One pencil can make a line as long as 55 kilometers. When people first wrote with pens , they had to put the penpoint into ink after every few letters. Later someone invented a fountain pen(自来水笔) and this kind of pen could hold inkinside. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again.Two brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen(圆珠笔)that we use today. They left their country Hungary and started producing ballpoint pens in England in 1943 during World War II. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biro’s company. Someone calls ballpoint pens bics. Australians call them biros. Whatever we call them, we use them every day.1．（小题1）When did the pencil become popular according to the passage?A．In 1565. B．In 1655 C．In 1795 D．In 1943.2．（小题2）What do people use to make pencils today?A．Lead. B．Graphite. C．Sticks. D．Ink.3．（小题3）Who call ballpoint pens biros?A．Americans. B．EnglishmenC．Australians. D．Frenchmen.4．（小题4）Where were Ladislao and Georg Biro from?A．America. B．Australia. C．England. D．Hungary.5．（小题5）What is the passage mainly about?A．Some famous inventors.B．The invention of some kinds of pens.C．Who invented the pencilD．Which kind of pen is the most useful.D16、Singapore’s public transport system (公共交通系统) is one of the best in the world, so you should have no problem finding your way around like a local. There are three main forms of public transport here that you would find in any other big city--trains, buses and taxis.TRAINSTrains run from 6 a.m. to midnight. Single trip tickets start at 80 cents. If you buy anEZ-Link card for $15, you can take the trains and buses as you like. If you need moreinformation, just call Transit Link at 180********.BUSESThere are several bus services in Singapore and fares（车费）start at 80 cents. Be sure toalways ask the driver the cost of your ticket as he cannot give you changes. If you need help,just call Transit Link at 180********.TAXISThere are three main taxi companies--City Cab（65522222），Comfort（65521111）and Tibs（65528888）.Booking can also be made easily by calling the number above.RENTAL（租）CARSDriving in Singapore is a pleasure and if you like to travel as you like, renting a car is agood choice. Renting takes away the trouble of getting to places around Singapore. Justsit back and enjoy the city. It also means you’ll get to see a lot more than a train or abus won’t let you see. For car renta l, call Avis on 6567371668.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上按要求作答。

2024年江苏省南通市部分学校中考数学一模试卷一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分.）1．（3分）下列结果中，是负数的是（）A．﹣（﹣2）B．﹣|﹣1|C．3×2D．0×（﹣4）2．（3分）风能是一种清洁能源，我国风能储量很大，仅陆地上风能储量就有253000兆瓦，将数据253000用科学记数法表示为（）A．25.3×104B．2.53×104C．2.53×105D．0.253×106 3．（3分）如图是由四个小正方体叠成的一个立体图形，那么它的主视图是（）A．B．C．D．4．（3分）下列各图中，可看作轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．5．（3分）如图，四边形ABCD的对角线AC，BD相交于点O，OA＝OC，且AB∥CD，则添加下列一个条件能判定四边形ABCD是菱形的是（）A．AC＝BD B．∠ADB＝∠CDB C．∠ABC＝∠DCB D．AD＝BC6．（3分）如图，直线l1∥l2，含有30°的直角三角板的一个顶点C落在l2上，直角边交l1于点D，连接BD，使得BD⊥l2，若∠1＝72°，则∠2的度数是（）A．48°B．58°C．42°D．18°7．（3分）我国古代数学名著《九章算术》中记载：“粟米之法：粟率五十；粝米三十．今有米在十斗桶中，不知其数．满中添粟而舂之，得米七斗．问故米几何？”意思为：50斗谷子能出30斗米，即出米率为．今有米在容量为10斗的桶中，但不知道数量是多少．再向桶中加满谷子，再舂成米，共得米7斗．问原来有米多少斗？如果设原来有米x 斗，向桶中加谷子y斗，那么可列方程组为（）A．B．C．D．8．（3分）若关于x的不等式组有且只有3个整数解，则a的取值范围是（）A．﹣1≤a＜0B．﹣1＜a≤0C．﹣4＜a≤﹣3D．﹣4≤a＜﹣3 9．（3分）如图，四边形ABCD是边长为2cm的正方形，点E，点F分别为边AD，CD中点，点O为正方形的中心，连接OE，OF，点P从点E出发沿E﹣O﹣F运动，同时点Q 从点B出发沿BC运动，两点运动速度均为1cm/s，当点P运动到点F时，两点同时停止运动，设运动时间为t s，连接BP，PQ，△BPQ的面积为S cm2，下列图象能正确反映出S与t的函数关系的是（）A．B．C．D．10．（3分）已知实数a，b满足4a2+b＝n，b2+2a＝n，b≠2a．其中n为自然数，则n的最小值是（）A．4B．5C．6D．7二、填空题（本大题共8小题，第11～12题每小题3分，第13～18题每小题3分，共30分.）11．（3分）代数式在实数范围内有意义，则x的取值范围是．12．（3分）因式分解：2x﹣8x3＝．13．（4分）底面圆半径为10cm、高为的圆锥的侧面展开图的面积为cm2．14．（4分）某种型号的小型无人机着陆后滑行的距离S（米）关于滑行的时间t（秒）的函数解析式是S＝﹣0.25t2+10t，无人机着陆后滑行秒才能停下来．15．（4分）如图，社小山的东侧炼A处有一个热气球，由于受西风的影响，以30m/min的速度沿与地面成75°角的方向飞行，20min后到达点C处，此时热气球上的人测得小山西侧点B处的俯角为30°，则小山东西两侧A，B两点间的距离为．16．（4分）如图，在矩形ABCD中，AB＝3，BC＝10，点E在边BC上，DF⊥AE，垂足为F．若DF＝6，则线段EF的长为．17．（4分）若a，b是一元二次方程x2﹣5x﹣2＝0的两个实数根，则的值为．18．（4分）如图，点A，B在反比例函数y＝（k＞0）的图象上，AC⊥x轴，BD⊥x轴，垂足C，D分别在x轴的正、负半轴上，CD＝k，已知AB＝2AC，E是AB的中点，且△BCE的面积是△ADE的面积的2倍，则k的值是．三、解答题（本大题共8小题，共90分.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）19．（10分）（1）计算：；（2）先化简，再求值：，其中x＝3．20．（8分）如图，已知A，D，C，E在同一直线上，BC和DF相交于点O，AD＝CE，AB ∥DF，AB＝DF．（1）求证：△ABC≌△DFE；（2）连接CF，若∠BCF＝54°，∠DFC＝20°，求∠DFE的度数．21．（10分）某市今年初中物理、化学实验技能学业水平考查，采用学生抽签方式决定各自的考查内容．规定：每位考生必须在4个物理实验考查内容（用A、B、C、D表示）和4个化学实验考查内容（用E、F、G、H表示）中各抽取一个进行实验技能考查．小刚在看不到签的情况下，从中各随机抽取一个．（1）小刚抽到物理实验A的概率是；（2）用列表法或画树状图法中的一种方法，求小刚抽到物理实验B和化学实验F的概率．22．（10分）青年大学习是共青团中央为组织引导广大青年深入学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神持续引向深人组织的青年学习行动．某校举办了相关知识竞赛（百分制），并分别在七、八年级中各随机抽取20名学生的成绩进行统计、整理与分析，绘制成如图两幅统计图．成绩用x表示，并且分为A、B、C、D、E五个等级，并且分别是：A：50≤x＜60；B：60≤x＜70；C：70≤x＜80；D：80≤x＜90；E：90≤x≤100．七、八年级成绩的平均数、中位数众数如下表：平均数中位数众数七年级76m75八年级777678其中，七年级成绩在C等级的数据为77、75、75、78、79、75、73、75；八年级成绩在E等级的有3人．根据以上信息，解答下列问题：（1）扇形统计图中B等级所占圆心角的度数是，表中m的值为；（2）通过以上数据分析，你认为哪个年级对青年大学习知识掌握得更好？请说明理由；（3）请对该校学生“青年大学习”的掌握情况作出合理的评价．23．（12分）如图，AB是⊙O的直径，点C在⊙O上，∠ABC＝60°，⊙O的切线CD与AB的延长线相交于点D．（1）求证：BD＝BC；（2）若⊙O的半径为6，求图中阴影部分的面积．24．（13分）随着“双减”政策的逐步落实，其中增加中学生体育锻炼时间的政策引发社会的广泛关注，体育用品需求增加，某商店决定购进A、B两种羽毛球拍进行销售，已知每副A种球拍的进价比每副B种球拍贵20元，用2800元购进A种球拍的数量与用2000元购进B种球拍的数量相同．（1）求A、B两种羽毛球拍每副的进价；（2）若该商店决定购进这两种羽毛球拍共100副，考虑市场需求和资金周转，用于购买这100副羽毛球拍的资金不超过5900元，那么该商店最多可购进A种羽毛球拍多少副？（3）若销售A种羽毛球拍每副可获利润25元，B种羽毛球拍每副可获利润20元，在第（2）问条件下，如何进货获利最大？最大利润是多少元？25．（13分）如图1，P是正方形ABCD边BC上一点，线段AE与AD关于直线AP对称，连接EB并延长交直线AP于点F，连接CF．（1）补全图形，求∠AFE的大小；（2）用等式表示线段CF，BE之间的数量关系，并证明；（3）连接CE，G是CE的中点，AB＝2，若点P从点B运动到点C，直接写出DG的最大值．26．（14分）定义：若一个函数的图象上存在横、纵坐标之和为零的点，则称该点为这个函数图象的“平衡点”．例如，点（﹣1，1）是函数y＝x+2的图象的“平衡点”．（1）在函数①y＝﹣x+3，②y＝，③y＝﹣x2+2x+1，④y＝x2+x+7的图象上，存在“平衡点”的函数是；（填序号）（2）设函数y＝﹣（x＞0）与y＝2x+b的图象的“平衡点”分别为点A、B，过点A作AC⊥y轴，垂足为C．当△ABC为等腰三角形时，求b的值；（3）若将函数y＝x2+2x的图象绕y轴上一点M旋转180°，M在（0，﹣1）下方，旋转后的图象上恰有1个“平衡点”时，求M的坐标．2024年江苏省南通市部分学校中考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分.）1．【分析】利用相反数的意义及绝对值的性质化简A、B，再利用乘法法则计算即可得到C、D．【解答】解：∵A、﹣（﹣2）＝2，∴A项不符合题意；∵B、﹣|﹣1|＝﹣1，∴B项符合题意；∵C、3×2＝6，∴C项不符合题意；∵D、0×（﹣4）＝0，∴D项不符合题意．故选：B．【点评】本题考查了相反数的意义，绝对值的性质，有理数的乘法法则，掌握绝对值的性质是解题的关键．2．【分析】科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数．确定n的值时，要看把原数变成a时，小数点移动了多少位，n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同．当原数绝对值≥10时，n是正数；当原数的绝对值＜1时，n是负数．【解答】解：253000＝2.53×105．故选：C．【点评】此题考查科学记数法的表示方法．科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数，表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值．3．【分析】找到从正面看所得到的图形即可，注意所有的看到的棱都应表现在主视图中．【解答】解：从正面看易得第一层有3个正方形，第二层中间有1个正方形．故选：C．【点评】本题考查了三视图的知识，主视图是从物体的正面看得到的视图．4．【分析】根据轴对称图形的概念进行判断即可．【解答】解：A、不是轴对称图形，不符合题意；B、是轴对称图形，符合题意；C、不是轴对称图形，不符合题意；D、不是轴对称图形，不符合题意；故选：B．【点评】本题考查了轴对称图形，解题关键是抓住轴对称图形是指将一个图形沿着某条直线折叠，直线两旁的部分能够完全重合．5．【分析】根据菱形的判定方法分别对各个选项进行判定，即可得出结论．【解答】解：∵AB∥CD，∴∠BAO＝∠DCO，∠ABO＝∠CDO，∵OA＝OC，∴△AOB≌△COD（AAS），∴AB＝CD，∴四边形ABCD是平行四边形，A、当AC＝BD时，四边形ABCD是矩形；故选项A不符合题意；B、∵AB∥CD，∴∠ABD＝∠CDB，∵∠ADB＝∠CDB，∴∠ADB＝∠ABD，∴AD＝AB，∴四边形ABCD为菱形，故选项B符合题意；C、∵AB∥CD，∴∠ABC+∠BCD＝180°，∵∠ABC＝∠DCB∴∠ABC＝∠DCB＝90°，∴四边形ABCD是矩形；故选项C不符合题意；D、当AD＝BC时，不能判定四边形ABCD为菱形；故选项D不符合题意．故选：B．【点评】本题考查了菱形的判定，平行四边形的判定和性质，等腰三角形的判定和性质，熟练掌握菱形的判定定理是解题的关键．6．【分析】根据平行的性质可得∠DEB＝∠1＝72°，根据三角形的外角的定义可得∠ADC＝42°，再根据平角进行计算即可得到答案．【解答】解：如图，设AB与l1相交于点E，∵l1∥l2，∠1＝72°，∴∠DEB＝∠1＝72°，∵∠A+∠ADC＝∠DEB＝72°，∠A＝30°，∴∠ADE＝42°，∵∠ADC+∠BDE+∠2＝180°，BD⊥l2，∴∠2＝48°．故选：A．【点评】本题主要考查了平行线的性质、三角形外角的定义，平角的定义，熟练掌握平行线的性质、三角形外角的定义，平角的定义是解题的关键．7．【分析】根据原来的米+向桶中加的谷子＝10，原来的米+桶中的谷子舂成米＝7即可得出答案．【解答】解：根据题意得：，故选：A．【点评】本题考查了由实际问题抽象出二元一次方程组，找到等量关系：原来的米+向桶中加的谷子＝10，原来的米+桶中的谷子舂成米＝7是解题的关键．8．【分析】先解出每个不等式的解集，即可得到不等式组的解集，然后根据不等式组有且只有3个整数解，即可得到a的取值范围．【解答】解：，解不等式①，得：x≤2，解不等式②，得：x＞a，∴该不等式组的解集是a＜x≤2，∵关于x的不等式组有且只有3个整数解，∴这三个整数解是0，1，2，∴﹣1≤a＜0，故选：A．【点评】本题考查一元一次不等式组的整数解，解答本题的关键是明确解一元一次不等式的方法．9．【分析】当0＜t≤1时，点P在OE上，当1＜t≤2时，点P在OF上，分别求出S与t 的函数关系，即可解答．【解答】解：如图，当0＜t≤1时，由题得，PE＝BQ＝t cm，∵正方向ABCD是边长为2cm，∴P到BC的距离为（2﹣t）cm，∴S＝t•（2﹣t）＝﹣t2+t，如图，当1＜t≤2时，由题得，PF＝CQ＝（2﹣t）cm，∴四边形CFPQ为矩形，∴PQ＝CF＝1cm，∴S＝t•1＝t，故选：D．【点评】本题考查了动点问题的函数图象应用，三角形面积的计算是解题关键．10．【分析】由原式知，（4a2+b）﹣（b2+2a）＝0，进一步变形得（2a﹣b）（2a+b﹣）＝0，因为b≠2a，所以2a+b﹣＝0，得b＝﹣2a，代入b2+2a＝n得，（﹣2a）+2a＝n，配方法求极值．【解答】解：由原式知，（4a2+b）﹣（b2+2a）＝0，∴（4a2﹣b2）﹣（2a﹣b）＝0∴（2a﹣b）（2a+b）﹣（2a﹣b）＝0∴（2a﹣b）（2a+b﹣）＝0∵b≠2a∴2a+b﹣＝0，∴b＝﹣2a，代入b2+2a＝n得，（﹣2a）2+2a＝n，整理，得n＝4a2﹣2a+7＝（2a﹣）2+5≥5，∴自然数n的最小值为6故选C．【点评】本题考查等式的基本性质，平方差公式、完全平方公式、配方法求极值；根据式子的具体特征，结合乘法公式对代数式作恒等变形是解题的关键．二、填空题（本大题共8小题，第11～12题每小题3分，第13～18题每小题3分，共30分.）11．【分析】根据二次根式有意义的条件列出不等式，解不等式得到答案．【解答】解：由题意得，x﹣5≥0，解得x≥5，故答案为：x≥5．【点评】本题考查的是二次根式有意义的条件，掌握二次根式的被开方数是非负数是解题的关键．12．【分析】先提公因式，再利用平方差公式继续分解即可解答．【解答】解：2x﹣8x3＝2x（1﹣4x2）＝2x（1+2x）（1﹣2x），故答案为：2x（1+2x）（1﹣2x）．【点评】本题考查了提公因式法与公式法的综合运用，一定要注意如果多项式的各项含有公因式，必须先提公因式．13．【分析】先求出圆锥的母线长，再根据扇形的面积公式计算即可．【解答】解：∵圆锥的底面半径为10cm，高为10cm，∴圆锥的母线为＝20（cm），∴圆锥的侧面展开图的面积为×（2π×10）×20＝200π（cm2）．故答案为：200π．【点评】本题考查圆锥的计算，解题的关键是求出圆锥的母线和掌握圆锥的侧面展开图的面积公式．14．【分析】飞机停下时，也就是滑行距离最远时，即在本题中需求出s最大时对应的t值．【解答】解：由题意得，S＝﹣0.25t2+10t＝﹣0.25（t2﹣40t+400﹣400）＝﹣0.25（t﹣20）2+100，∵﹣0.25＜0，∴t＝20时，飞机滑行的距离最大，即当t＝20秒时，飞机才能停下来．故答案为：20．【点评】本题考查了二次函数的应用，能熟练的应用配方法得到顶点式是解题关键．15．【分析】作AD⊥BC于D，根据速度和时间先求得AC的长，在Rt△ACD中，求得∠ACD 的度数，再求得AD的长度，然后根据∠B＝30°求出AB的长．【解答】解：如图，过点A作AD⊥BC，垂足为D，在Rt△ACD中，∠ACD＝75°﹣30°＝45°，AC＝30×20＝600（米），∴AD＝AC•sin45°＝300（米）．在Rt△ABD中，∵∠B＝30°，∴AB＝2AD＝600（米）．故答案为：600．【点评】本题考查了解直角三角形的应用，解答本题的关键是根据仰角和俯角构造直角三角形并解直角三角形，难度适中．16．【分析】证明△AFD∽△EBA，得到，求出AF，即可求出AE，从而可得EF．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD为矩形，∴AB＝CD＝3，BC＝AD＝10，AD∥BC，∴∠AEB＝∠DAF，∴△AFD∽△EBA，∴，∵DF＝6，∴AF＝＝＝8，∴，∴AE＝5，∴EF＝AF﹣AE＝8﹣5＝3，故答案为：3．【点评】本题考查了相似三角形的判定和性质，矩形的性质，勾股定理，解题的关键是掌握相似三角形的判定方法．17．【分析】先根据一元二次方程的解的定义及根与系数的关系得出a +b ＝5，a 2＝5a +2，再将其代入整理后的代数式计算即可．【解答】解：∵a ，b 是一元二次方程x 2﹣5x ﹣2＝0的两个实数根，∴a +b ＝5，a 2﹣5a ﹣2＝0，即：a 2＝5a +2，∴，故答案为：5．【点评】本题考查了根与系数的关系：若x 1，x 2是一元二次方程ax 2+bx +c ＝0（a ≠0）的两根时，，x 1•x 2＝．也考查了一元二次方程的解．18．【分析】过点B 作直线AC 的垂线交直线AC 于点F ，由△BCE 的面积是△ADE 的面积的2倍以及E 是AB 的中点即可得出S △ABC ＝2S △ABD ，结合CD ＝k 即可得出点A 、B 的坐标，再根据AB ＝2AC 、AF ＝AC +BD 即可求出AB 、AF 的长度，根据勾股定理即可算出k 的值，此题得解．【解答】解：过点B 作直线AC 的垂线交直线AC 于点F ，如图所示．∵△BCE 的面积是△ADE 的面积的2倍，E 是AB 的中点，∴S △ABC ＝2S △BCE ，S △ABD ＝2S △ADE ，∴S △ABC ＝2S △ABD ，且△ABC 和△ABD 的高均为BF ，∴AC ＝2BD ，又∵OC •AC ＝OD •BD ，∴OD ＝2OC ．∵CD ＝k ，∴点A 的坐标为（，3），点B 的坐标为（﹣，﹣），∴AC ＝3，BD ＝，∴AB ＝2AC ＝6，AF ＝AC +BD ＝，∴CD ＝k ＝＝＝．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查了反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、三角形的面积公式以及勾股定理，构造直角三角形利用勾股定理巧妙得出k值是解题的关键．三、解答题（本大题共8小题，共90分.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）19．【分析】（1）先化简，然后算加减法即可；（2）先算括号内的式子，再算括号外的除法，然后将x的值代入化简后的式子计算即可．【解答】解：（1）＝3+﹣1﹣＝+；（2）＝•＝＝＝，当x＝3时，原式＝＝﹣5．【点评】本题考查实数的运算、分式的化简求值，熟练掌握运算法则是解答本题的关键．20．【分析】（1）由平行线的性质得∠A＝∠FDE，根据等式的性质可得AC＝DE，再由SAS 证明△ABC≌△DFE即可；（2）先根据三角形的外角可得∠DOC＝74°，由平行线的性质可得∠B＝∠DOC，最后由全等三角形的性质可得结论．【解答】（1）证明：∵AB∥DF，∴∠A＝∠EDF，∵AD＝CE，∴AD+CD＝CE+CD，即AC＝DE，在△ABC和△DFE中，，∴△ABC≌△DFE（SAS）；（2）解：∵∠BCF＝54°，∠DFC＝20°，∴∠DOC＝∠BCF+∠DFC＝54°+20°＝74°，∵AB∥DF，∴∠B＝∠DOC＝74°，∵△ABC≌△DFE，∴∠DFE＝∠B＝74°．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质，平行线的性质，证明三角形全等是解题的关键．21．【分析】（1）直接利用概率公式计算；（2）画树状图展示所有16种等可能的结果，再找出抽到B和F的结果数，然后根据概率公式计算．【解答】解：（1）小刚抽到物理实验A的概率是；故答案为：；（2）画树状图为：共有16种等可能的结果，其中抽到B和F的结果数为1，所以小刚抽到物理实验B和化学实验F的概率＝．【点评】本题考查了列表法与树状图法：利用列表法或树状图法展示所有可能的结果求出n，再从中选出符合事件A或B的结果数目m，然后根据概率公式计算事件A或事件B的概率．22．【分析】（1）求出调查人数以及B等级的学生人数所占的百分比即可求出相应的圆心角度数，根据中位数的定义求出中位数即可得出m的值；（2）通过平均数、中位数、众数的大小比较得出答案；（3）根据平均数、中位数、众数综合进行判断即可．【解答】解：（1）由条形统计图可得，调查人数为2+5+8+2+3＝20（人），扇形统计图中B等级所占圆心角的度数是360＝90°，将七年级这20名学生的成绩从小到大排列，处在中间位置的两个数的平均数为＝75，因此中位数是75分，即m＝75，故答案为：90°，75；（2）八年级学生的成绩较好，理由：八年级学生成绩的平均数、中位数、众数均比七年级学生的平均数、中位数、众数大，所以八年级学生成绩较好；（3）青年学生对深入学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神掌握情况一般，还需要进一步加强学习和宣传．【点评】本题考查条形统计图、扇形统计图，平均数、中位数、众数，理解两个统计图中数量之间的关系以及中位数、众数、平均数的意义是正确解答的前提．23．【分析】（1）连接OC，可证明△BOC是等边三角形，则∠BOC＝∠BCO＝60°，由CD 与⊙O相切于点C，得∠OCD＝90°，即可求得∠D＝90°﹣∠BOC＝30°，∠BCD＝90°﹣∠BCO＝30°，所以∠BCD＝∠D，则BD＝BC；（2）作CE⊥OB于点E，则CE＝OC•sin60°＝3，可求得S阴影＝S扇形BOC﹣S△BOC＝6π﹣9．【解答】（1）证明：连接OC，则OC＝OB，∵∠ABC＝60°，∴△BOC是等边三角形，∴∠BOC＝∠BCO＝60°，∵CD与⊙O相切于点C，∴CD⊥OC，∴∠OCD＝90°，∴∠D＝90°﹣∠BOC＝30°，∠BCD＝90°﹣∠BCO＝30°，∴∠BCD＝∠D，∴BD＝BC．（2）解：作CE⊥OB于点E，则∠OEC＝90°，∵OC＝OB＝6，∴CE＝OC•sin60°＝6×＝3，∴S阴影＝S扇形BOC﹣S△BOC＝﹣×6×3＝6π﹣9，∴阴影部分的面积是6π﹣9．【点评】此题重点考查切线的性质、等边三角形的判定与性质、等腰三角形的判定、锐角三角函数与解直角三角形、三角形的面积公式、扇形的面积公式等知识，正确地作出所需要的辅助线是解题的关键．24．【分析】（1）设A种羽毛球拍每副的进价为x元，根据用2800元购进A种球拍的数量与用2000元购进B种球拍的数量相同，列分式方程，求解即可；（2）设该商店购进A种羽毛球拍m副，根据购买这100副羽毛球拍的资金不超过5900元，列一元一次不等式，求解即可；（3）设总利润为w元，表示出w与m的函数关系式，根据一次函数的性质即可确定如何进货总利润最大，并进一步求出最大利润即可．【解答】解：（1）设A种羽毛球拍每副的进价为x元，根据题意，得，解得x＝70，经检验，x＝70是原分式方程的根，且符合题意，70﹣20＝50（元），答：A种羽毛球拍每副的进价为70元，B种羽毛球拍每副的进价为50元；（2）设该商店购进A种羽毛球拍m副，根据题意，得70m+50（100﹣m）≤5900，解得m≤45，m为正整数，答：该商店最多购进A种羽毛球拍45副；（3）设总利润为w元，w＝25m+20（100﹣m）＝5m+2000，∵5＞0，∴w随着m的增大而增大，当m＝45时，w取得最大值，最大利润为5×45+2000＝2225（元），此时购进A种羽毛球拍45副，B种羽毛球拍100﹣45＝55（副），答：购进A种羽毛球拍45副，B种羽毛球拍55副时，总获利最大，最大利润为2225元．【点评】本题考查了分式方程的应用，一元一次不等式的应用，一次函数的应用，理解题意并根据题意建立相应的关系式是解题的关键．25．【分析】（1）由轴对称的性质可得∠DAP＝∠EAP＝70°，AD＝AE，由等腰三角形的性质和三角形内角和定理可求解；（2）先求出∠AFE＝45°，通过证明△CDF∽△BDE，可得BE＝CF；（3）先确定点G在以O为圆心，1为半径的圆上运动，再根据等腰直角三角形的性质求解即可．【解答】解：（1）补全图形如图1所示；设∠BAP＝x，∴∠DAP＝90°﹣x，∵线段AE与AD关于直线AP对称，∴∠DAP＝∠EAP＝90°﹣x，AD＝AE，∴∠BAE＝90°﹣2x，AB＝AE，∴∠E＝∠ABE＝45°+x，∴∠AFE＝180°﹣（90°﹣x）﹣（45°+x）＝45°；（2）BE＝CF；证明：如图2，连接DF，DE，BD，∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴BD＝CD，∠CDB＝45°，∵线段AE与AD关于直线AP对称，∴DF＝EF，∠DFA＝∠AFE＝45°，∴∠DFE＝90°，∴∠FDE＝45°＝∠CDB，DE＝DF，∴∠CDF＝∠BDE，，∴△CDF∽△BDE，∴，∴BE＝CF；（3）如图3，连接AC，BD交于点O，连接OG，∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴AO＝CO，又∵G是CE中点，∴OG＝AE＝AD＝1，∴点G在以O为圆心，1为半径的圆上运动，∴点P从点B运动到点C，点G的运动到BD上时DG的值最大，且DG的最大值为DO+OG，∵OD＝AD＝，∴DG的最大值为1．【点评】本题是四边形综合题，考查了正方形的性质，轴对称的性质，相似三角形的判断和性质，三角形中位线定理等知识，灵活运用这些性质解决问题是本题的关键．26．【分析】（1）在y＝﹣x+3中，令y＝﹣x得﹣x＝﹣x+3，方程无解，可知y＝﹣x+3的图象上不存在“平衡点”；同理可得y＝，y＝x2+x+7的图象上不存在“平衡点”，y＝﹣x2+2x+1的图象上存在“平衡点”；（2）在y＝﹣中，令y＝﹣x得A（2，﹣2）或（﹣2，2）；在y＝2x+b中，令y＝﹣x 得B（﹣，），当A（2，﹣2）时，C（0，﹣2），可得AB2＝2（2+）2，BC2＝+（2+）2，AC2＝4，分三种情况列方程可得答案；（3）设M（0，m），m＜﹣1，求出抛物线y＝x2+2x的顶点为（﹣1，﹣1），而点（﹣1，﹣1）关于M（0，m）的对称点为（1，2m+1），可得旋转后的抛物线解析式为y＝﹣（x ﹣1）2+2m+1＝﹣x2+2x+2m，令y＝﹣x得x2﹣3x﹣2m＝0，根据旋转后的图象上恰有1个“平衡点”，知x2﹣3x﹣2m＝0有两个相等实数根，故9+8m＝0，m＝﹣，从而得M的坐标为（0，﹣）．【解答】解：（1）根据“平衡点”的定义，“平衡点”的横、纵坐标互为相反数，在y＝﹣x+3中，令y＝﹣x得﹣x＝﹣x+3，方程无解，∴y＝﹣x+3的图象上不存在“平衡点”；同理可得y＝，y＝x2+x+7的图象上不存在“平衡点”，y＝﹣x2+2x+1的图象上存在“平衡点”；故答案为：③；（2）在y＝﹣中，令y＝﹣x得﹣x＝﹣，解得x＝2或x＝﹣2，∵x＞0，∴A（2，﹣2）；在y＝2x+b中，令y＝﹣x得﹣x＝2x+b，解得x＝﹣，∴B（﹣，），当A（2，﹣2）时，C（0，﹣2），∴AB2＝2（2+）2，BC2＝+（2+）2，AC2＝4，若AB＝BC，则2（2+）2＝+（2+）2，解得b＝﹣3；若AB＝AC，则2（2+）2＝4，解得b＝﹣3﹣6或b＝3﹣6；若BC＝AC，则+（2+）2＝4，解得b＝0或b＝﹣6（此时A，B重合，舍去）；∴b的值为﹣3或﹣3﹣6或3﹣6或0；（3）设M（0，m），m＜﹣1，∵y＝x2+2x＝（x+1）2﹣1，∴抛物线y＝x2+2x的顶点为（﹣1，﹣1），点（﹣1，﹣1）关于M（0，m）的对称点为（1，2m+1），∴旋转后的抛物线解析式为y＝﹣（x﹣1）2+2m+1＝﹣x2+2x+2m，在y＝﹣x2+2x+2m中，令y＝﹣x得：﹣x＝﹣x2+2x+2m，∴x2﹣3x﹣2m＝0，∵旋转后的图象上恰有1个“平衡点”，∴x2﹣3x﹣2m＝0有两个相等实数根，∴Δ＝0，即9+8m＝0，∴m＝﹣，∴M的坐标为（0，﹣）．【点评】本题考查二次函数的综合应用，涉及新定义，等腰三角形，一元二次方程根的判别式，旋转变换等知识，解题的关键是读懂新定义，利用二次函数与一元二次方程的关系解决问题。

江苏省南通市通州区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中学业水平质量监测物理试题一、单选题1．下列物品利用重力来工作的是（）A．铅垂线B．弹簧测力计C．弹弓D．验电器2．有A、B两个轻质小球，A带正电，A、B相互吸引，B球的带电情况是（）A．可能带正电B．一定不带电C．可能带负电D．一定带负电3．下列四幅图中，能正确表示静止的雨伞受力示意图是（）A．B．C．D．4．关于粒子和宇宙，下列说法正确的是（）A．原子、质子、电子是按照尺度由小到大的顺序排列的B．破镜不能重圆，是因为分子间存在斥力C．研究表明，星系离地球远去，说明宇宙正在收缩D．用塑料梳子梳头，头发随梳子飘起来，是因为异种电荷相互吸引5．如图所示，人坐在小船上，用力向前推另一艘小船时，人和自己坐的小船却向后移动。

由此现象不能得出的结论是（）A．物体受力方能运动B．力能改变物体的运动状态C．施力物体同时也是受力物体D．物体间力的作用是相互的6．验电器M不带电、N带负电，用带有绝缘柄的金属棒将它们的金属球连接起来，如图所示，发现验电器M的金属箔片张开，下列说法正确的是（）A．M带上了正电B．棒中电子由N向运动C．N的金属箔片张角变大D．用手触摸金属棒，M、N的金属箔片张角不变7．如图，甲、乙两人站在完全相同的水平沙滩上，留下深浅相同、大小不同的脚印，则（）A．甲对沙的压强比乙对沙的压强大B．甲对沙的压强比乙对沙的压强小C．甲的重力与乙的重力相等D．甲的重力比乙的重力大8．如图所示，体操运动员静止在平衡木上，下列分析正确的是（）A．地面对平衡木的支持力和运动员对平衡木的压力是一对相互作用力B．运动员对平衡木的压力和运动员受到的重力是同一个力C．地面对平衡木的支持力和平衡木的重力是一对平衡力D．平衡木对运动员的支持力和运动员的重力是一对平衡力9．如图所示，向西匀速运动的列车车厢内，在水平桌面上A处静止的小球，突然沿虚线运动到B处，该过程中列车（）A．减速行驶，向南转弯B．减速行驶，向北转弯C．加速行驶，向南转弯D．加速行驶，向北转弯10．如图所示，两根相同的弹簧分别固定在左右墙壁上，墙壁间距离大于两根弹簧原长之和，水平面光滑。

南通市普通高中学业水平测试（必修科目）地理一、单项选择题：在下列各小题的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。

请在答题卡上相应的方框内填涂。

本部分共30小题，每小题2分，共60分，中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会开幕式于北京时间11月8日9: 00在人民大会堂举行。

图1为①、②、③、④四地地理位置示意图。

读图完成1〜2题。

1.某地居民边吃早餐边收看大会开幕式电视直播，该地最有可能位于A.①地B.②地C.③地D.④地2.大会期间，正午太阳高度逐日变大的地点是A.①地B. ②地C.③地D.④地2013年1月5日，嫦娥二号成功飞越图塔蒂斯小行星，标志着我国深空探测飞行控制能力得到新的跃升。

图2为地球公转轨道示意图。

读图完成3〜4题。

3.“嫦娥二号”飞越图塔蒂斯小行星时，地球位于公转轨道上的位置相当于图2所示的A.甲处B.乙处C.丙处D.丁处4.图示两天体都不属于A.太阳系B.银河系C.河外星系D.总星系表1中所列的是12月22日甲、乙、丙、丁四地的白昼时长.据此完成5〜6题。

5.甲、乙、丙、丁四地中，位于南半球的是A.甲地B.乙地C.丙地D. 丁地6.甲、乙、丙、丁四地中，纬度最低的是A.甲地B.乙地C.丙地D. 丁地雁荡山位于中国浙江省温州市乐清市境内，现代地质学研究表明，雁荡山是一座具有世界意义的典型的白垩纪流纹岩古火山。

图3为地壳物质循环示意简图，图4为雁荡山峡谷景观图，据此完成7〜8题。

7.图中可以表示雁荡山山体岩石类型的是A.甲B.乙C.丙D. 丁8.形成图示峡谷景观的地质作用是A.①B.②C.③D.④图5为北半球三圏环流和气压带、风带位置示意图，甲、乙分别地处北半球亚欧大陆西岸和东岸。

读图完成9〜11题。

9.②风带的风向为A.东北风B.东南风C.西北风D.西南风10.有关甲处气候特征的说法，正确的是A.终年高温多雨B.夏季高温多雨C.全年温和湿润D.冬季温和多雨11.乙处与甲处纬度位置相似，但气候特征差异显著，其主要原因是乙处A.受④、⑤带交替控制B.位于④带背风坡C.受③、④带交替控制D.受季风环流影响2012年11月28日，联合国气候变化框架公约第18次缔约方会议在卡塔尔首都多哈召开。

江苏南通市通州区2024—2025学年九年级上学期英语期中学业水平质量监测试卷一、单项选择1．Which of the following words can be filled in the blank?Tao Te Ching《道德经》A．promises B．details C．results D．moods 2．—Mum, may I go outside to play basketball?—Sure. But for safety, you can’t ________ too late.A．break out B．stay out C．work out D．put out 3．—What’s the city flower of Nantong?―Chrysanthemum. It’s ________ peace, nobility (高尚) and so on. And people like to enjoy them around Double Ninth Festival.A．a symbol of B．a list of C．a cycle of D．a sense of4．— China’s excellent culture is ________ treasure.—Exactly. We teenagers should learn more about it and try to spread it to the world.A．as well as B．as soon as C．as good as D．as far as 5．When we read and meet new words on the right, we can ________.A．try to guess what comes nextB．read the text quickly to get the main ideaC．guess their meanings by the way they are formedD．move our eyes quickly to look for specific information6．— Our country always puts its people first.—Exactly. President Xi often says it is people that ________ to the nation!A．reply B．matter C．lead D．connect 7．—When shall we leave for Bencha Ancient Town?—________ we keep things on the desk in good order.A．Till B．Since C．Not until D．Whenever 8．—What do you think of Yunnan border-defending hero (卫国戍边英雄)?—They are ________ brave ________ loyal(忠诚的). They always try their best to protect our country.A．neither; nor B．not only; but C．either; or D．not; but 9．—Would you tell me ________ ?—Of course. It was in 1956.A．if they have dancing lessons every weekendB．whether the methods were really suitable for usC．when Lao She wrote the famous play TeahouseD．how could we teenagers manage time very well10．—Why not turn on the TV and watch Zheng Qinwen’s match?— ________ Let’s enjoy the exciting moment again.A．Think Twice.B．Don’t mention it.C．That’s not the case.D．That’s a good idea.二、完形填空One of the most interesting things in the world is to start a new business. There is nothing more 11 than challenging yourself and bringing your 12 to life. Seeing my 7-year-old daughter sell the eggs from our backyard chickens has 13 this.We have five chickens at our home. My daughter wanted to 14 entrepreneurship (创业) because she realized that we got one egg a day from each chicken. However, we had more eggs than we could ever 15 . She made a plan to sell the 16 eggs to our neighbours.I am 17 to say that she sold out for the year in two hours. Her 18 got me thinking—hat lessons from this can help me deal with my own entrepreneurship?One of the best pieces of advice I have ever 19 in business is to start before you’reready. Everyone was once a 20 and there really is no better way to learn than by doing. When we take on 21 to learn more and grow outside of our comfort zones (舒适区)，great things can happen. Get your boots dirty and jump into 22 !It’s OK to do the work 23 you know what every step down the road will bring. I am sure that no one has it all worried out, and the only way to fast-track learning and growth is to24 get started.A new beginning can be both exciting and challenging. It may bring us more 25 . So enjoy it with an open heart and mind!11．A．meaningful B．humorous C．surprising D．boring 12．A．work B．money C．idea D．energy 13．A．proved B．recorded C．changed D．promised 14．A．start B．practise C．remind D．remain 15．A．count B．need C．own D．discover 16．A．fresh B．tasty C．cheap D．extra 17．A．proud B．curious C．afraid D．stressed 18．A．influence B．success C．research D．calm 19．A．received B．brought C．dealt D．admired 20．A．beginner B．loser C．winner D．pioneer 21．A．replies B．duties C．challenges D．decisions 22．A．action B．silence C．trouble D．stress 23．A．when B．after C．since D．before 24．A．suddenly B．simply C．slowly D．correctly 25．A．standards B．chances C．strength D．peace三、阅读理解If your watch is broken, can you tell when it is time for a lunch? Don’t worry. You can still tell the time by making a sundial (日晷).A sundial is something that uses the sun to tell time. Making most sundials’ these days not only needs a flat base but also a stick called a gnomon (唇针). Whenever the sun is shining, thegnomon casts a shadow (J5 射影子), and we can look at where the shadow falls to tell what time it is. Since ancient times, people have been making all kinds of sundials to help them tell time.And having a sundial in your house or your school or your library, let everyone know that around here people care about science. And it’s useful when there’s something wrong with your watch. So, do you want to make your own sundial?As long as there’s sunlight outside, you can take something long and straight like a stick or even a drinking straw, and stick it into the ground and that’s your gnomon. If you live in the northern hemisphere (北半球), your gnomon should be tilted (倾斜) a little towards the north. If you live in the southern hemisphere, it should be tilted a little to the south. Every hour, go outside and look at the shadow your gnomon is making on the ground, then just make a mark where the shadow falls.If you want to know more steps of making a sundial, you can get them on my WeChat Moments tomorrow evening.26．What is a sundial?A．It’s a kind of watch.B．It is something that can use the sun to tell time.C．It’s a long straight stick.D．It is something that can remind us to have lunch.27．What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 4?A．A sundial.B．A shadow.C．A gnomon.D．The southernhemisphere.28．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．It is impossible for us to tell time according to a sundial.B．When making a sundial, we can only use a drinking straw.C．Someone who has a sundial at home may care about science.D．We can tell time with a sundial even when it’s raining outside.Why good handwriting is very important? Whatever we write, it should be written in a good and impressive way because it leaves a good impression on a reader. Learning how to make your handwriting good is not that hard. You are advised to do as follows.If you are writing something, you should have the proper grip(紧握) while writing. First of all, hold the pen properly and then start writing. Check out the way of writing each letter, and see where you are making mistakes. After knowing the mistake, just try to correct it. At the beginning, you can take your time writing the paragraph, but one week after completing that you should improve your speed. And as you start practising, the grip will be set.Practice shapes the students who are having problems writing the letters. They should practise shapes. It really matters. Practising shapes will play a vital part in improving handwriting. It doesn’t matter whether your writing is simple or cursive (连笔的). The way of writing should be proper.Whenever you write, write with the proper flow. For example, if you are writing one paragraph, you should touch the words you are writing properly to the line. It should not happen that your words are going below or above the line.You need to practise daily. While practising, you need to give proper gaps, and improve your speed. Do practice a lot!Remember that handwriting is a special and important form of self-expression. Let’s not forget the beauty and benefits of good handwriting.29．What can impress a reader a lot according to Paragraph 1?A．The way we talk.B．The way we work.C．The handwriting we have.D．The knowledge we have.30．What does the underlined word mean?A．Different.B．Important.C．Relaxing.D．Creative. 31．What can we know about handwriting according to the passage?A．Practice is very helpful to make our handwriting better.B．Learning how to make our handwriting good is difficult.C．When writing, words can sometimes go below or above the line.D．We shouldn’t spend too much time writing the paragraph at first.32．What’s the best title for the text?A．How to improve writing speed.B．How to impress people around us.C．The ways to improve handwriting.D．The importance of good handwriting.International E-waste Day takes place every year on October 14. It’s a day to draw people’s attention to the problems of electronic (电子的) waste. In 2023, it called on people to care about “invisible” e-waste—things most people don’t think of as electronics.Electronic waste, or e-waste, is the name given to old electronic devices (设备) that get thrown away. These can include old computers, phones, TVs, as well as all kinds of other electronic devices. E-waste is a big problem. Though electronics can make life easier and more pleasant, the devices aren’t easy on the environment.As newer and better devices come out, lots of electronics are thrown away instead of being recycled. These things often end up in landfills, while the chemicals inside them may be a danger to the environment. Electronics can have dangerous materials like lead (铅) or mercury (汞). If these materials get into the ground or water, the pollution can cause serious problems.A group known as WEEE asked researchers from the United Nations to study a kind of e-waste that was often not noticed. The WEEE calls this type “invisible” e-waste. The UN study shows that all the 61 million tons of e-waste in a year, about 1/6 is “invisible”, and that the value of this unseen waste is worth about $ 9.5 billion a year.The surprising type leading the invisible e-waste group is toys. Worldwide, about 7.3 billion electronic toys are thrown away each year. These include toys like car racing sets, electric trains, musical toys and so on. In all, toys make up about 35% of the invisible e-waste.But the problem is far larger than just toys. The UN report shows that other everyday things like home alarms, smoke alarms, power tools are also big sources of invisible e-waste. The report says that 36% of the world’s invisible e-waste comes from these types.Nowadays, more and more people get to know about the harm of e-waste, and they will devote more to getting electronics reused or recycled.33．Why is e-waste a big problem?A．Because it’s difficult to collect it.B．Because it’s too bad for the environment.C．Because it takes up too much space.D．Because it costs people too much money. 34．How many tons of invisible e-waste are there in a year?A．About 7.3 million tons.B．About 60 million tons.C．About 6 million tons.D．About 10 million tons.35．What can we learn from the passage?A．Few people will pay attention to invisible e-waste.B．More invisible e-waste will be thrown away everywhere.C．More landfills will be built to deal with invisible e-waste.D．More actions will be taken to reduce the harm of e-waste.36．What is the purpose of the passage?A．To draw attention to invisible e-waste.B．To explain the meaning of invisible e-waste.C．To ask people to use fewer.D．To tell the purpose of International E-Waste.Have you watched the film Superman? I think you must know what he looks like.While not all heroes wear capes (斗篷) and Steve Montelongo proved the words. While he doesn’t consider himself a hero, he has saved the lives of three people during the last 20 years.The 80-year-old man pulled a man out of his sinking car after he had driven into a river carelessly. Montelongo jumped up to help without any hesitation (犹豫) or thinking about his own health.The accident happened while the elderly man was taking his granddaughter home after going to a dentist’s (牙科诊所). They had stopped at a traffic light when they saw a car drive off the road into a river. Montelongo quickly got out of his car to check out the scene and noticed that water began to fill the car, which would lead to the death of the trapped driver. Without thinking about the danger and risk to his own health, the 80-year-old man quickly walked to the river and managed to pull the 62-year-old Jack from the car by his shirt.“I really don’t consider myself a hero. I was just a man that got put in the right place at the right time,” Montelongo later said in an interview.This, however, wasn’t Montelongo’s only act of heroism. Nearly 20 years ago, he helped two of his neighbours get to safety as their house caught fire. He was 62 years old at the time and had to kick open their neighbour’s front door to pull out 80-year-old Kathine Mattox and 79-year-old Wayne Maxwell. He was awarded the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission medal for this bravery and act of heroism.In my heart, heroes are not remembered by their superhuman strength or costumes. They are remembered by their courage in face of fear and their ability to bring hope to people around. They also remind us that each of us has power to make a difference and be a light in someoneelse’s darkness.37．What’s the function (作用) of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1?A．To describe heroes looks.B．To prove the writer’s idea.C．To introduce the topic of the text.D．To show the writer’s feeling.38．What was Montelongo doing when a car was driven into a river?A．He was walking along the river.B．He was jumping for doing some exercise.C．He was waiting for the traffic lights to change.D．He was taking his granddaughter to a dentisfs.39．What can we infer (推断) about Montelongo from his words in the interview?A．He is brave.B．He is proud.C．He is curious.D．He is modest. 40．What can we get after learning something about “heroes”?A．Wonderful costumes are very necessary to heroes.B．Each of us can be a light when others are in the dark.C．We should have powerful strength when helping others.D．We should have courage in face of fear and bring ourselves hope.Having a sleep is very important to people. 41 .Sleep gives your body a rest and allows it to prepare for the next day. It’s like giving your body a short vacation. Sleep also gives your brain a chance to sort (分类) things out. 42 , but they think that sleep might be the time when the brain sorts and stores information and solves problems.The time of sleep a person needs depends a lot on his or her age. Babies sleep a lot—about 14 to 15 hours a day! But many elderly people only need about 7 or 8 hours of sleep each night. Most kids between the ages of 5 and 12 need 10 to 11 hours of sleep. 43 . It depends on the kid.44 . And he or she will also get angry easily. Without two nights of sleep, a person will have difficulty thinking and doing things. And his or her brain and body can’t do their normal tasks nearly as well. After five nights without sleep, a person will hallucinate, which means seeing things that aren’t there in fact. At last, it becomes impossible for the brain to give its directions tothe rest of the body.We know that some people can’t fall asleep in a short time. Or some people wake during the sleep from time to time. 45 . For example, listen to relaxing music or have a bath before going to bed and try to get problems and worries out of your mind. If necessary, I think you can ask a doctor for help.In a word, the brain needs to spend time in bed so that it will keep everything well. A．Some kids might need more and some need lessB．While you are asleep, your body temperature dropsC．Just like eating, sleep is necessary if we want to surviveD．If a person misses one night of sleep, he or she will become very tiredE．Scientists aren’t exactly sure what your brain does while you are sleepingF．I think you can take the following advice when you can’t have a good sleep四、短文填空请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。

2024届江苏省南通市崇川区三年级数学第二学期期末学业水平测试试题一、认真计算。

1．直接写出得数。

10×50＝ 180÷2＝ 5－2.1＝ 3.4＋1.8＝ 555×0＝ 450÷9＝ 2．竖式计算，带★的要验算。

16.56.5-元角 84.7-元角 3.28.4+元角★5034⨯3324 73643．脱式计算1000-28×15 16×25+478 46×（70÷5） 48.5−17.6+24.2 二、我会判断。

（对的画√，错的画×）4．一张桌子的桌面长为1米，宽为8分米，面积为80平方分米． （______） 5．125×8的积有三个1． （____） 6．整十数乘整十数积的末尾只有两个0。

（________） 7．平行四边形不是轴对称图形. （______） 8．比2.5多1.5的数是3 。

（________）三、精挑细选。

（把正确答案的序号填在括号里）9．一支医疗救援队上午10：30从当地出发，下午3：30到达湖北，途中一共经过了（ ）。

A ．7时B ．5：00C ．5时10．中间的小船向右平移5格得到的是图（ ）。

A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．④11．下列图形中涂色部分可以用0.3表示的是（ ）。

A．B．C．12．2只啄木鸟3天吃害虫600只，平均每只啄木鸟每天吃害虫( )．A．100只B．200只C．300只13．爸爸开车在解放路上由南向北行驶，在十字路□向右转后进入中山路，车子变为（）行驶。

A．由南向北B．由东向西C．由西向东D．由北向南四、快乐填空。

14．篮球场的长是28米，宽是15米，它的面积是（____）平方分米。

15．14:00—17:30也就是下午（______）到下午（______），图书馆全天开放（_______）小时．16．在括号里填上合适的小数。

（________）元（________）米17．一场电影从上午8:30开始，放映了1小时40分钟，这场电影（_________）结束。

2024学年江苏省南通市九年级数学中考模拟卷一、选择题：本题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。

在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.计算的结果是()A.B.C.2D.52.下列图形中，是中心对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.3.据国家统计局数据，2022年中国国内生产总值约1210000亿元.将1210000用科学记数法表示为()A.B.C.D.4.如图所示的几何体是由几个大小相同的小正方体搭成的，其主视图是()A. B. C. D.5.一副直角三角板按如图所示的位置摆放，如果，那么的度数是()A. B. C. D.6.如图，AB、BC为的两条弦，连接OA、OC，点D为AB的延长线上一点，若，则的度数为()A. B. C. D.7.某人在甲、乙、丙、丁四个超市购买某品牌商品的总价和购买数量如图所示，按平均单价计算，购买该品牌商品最划算的超市是()A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁8.如图，中，，以点B为圆心，任意长为半径画弧，分别交于E、F点，分别以点E、F为圆心，以大于的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点G，作射线BG，交AC于点D，已知，则CD的长为()A.2B.3C.D.9.如图，在中，，点D在BC上，延长AD到E，使得，过点B作，交射线AC于点F，设，，则y关于x的函数图象大致为()A. B.C. D.10.二次函数的图象与x轴相交于A，B两点，点C在二次函数图象上，且到x轴距离为4，，则a的值为()A.4B.2C.D.二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分。

11.因式分解：____.12.计算的结果是____.13.二元一次方程组的解是______.14.如图，D，E两点分别在上，，要使，只需添加一个条件，则这个条件可以是______.15.用一个圆心角为，半径为12的扇形作一个圆锥的侧面，则这个圆锥的底面半径为_____.16.测量附中国旗杆的高度，小宇的测量方法如下：如图，将直角三角形硬纸板的斜边DF与地面保持平行，并使边DE与旗杆顶点A在同一直线上．测得米，米，目测点D到地面的距离米，到旗杆的水平距离米．按此方法，可计算出旗杆的高度为_____米．17.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，直线与直线分别与函数的图象交点A、两点，连接、，若的面积为3，则k的值为_____.18.已知点为直线上一点，将一直角三角板的直角顶点放在D处旋转，保持两直角边始终交x轴于A、B两点，为y轴上一点，连接AC，BC，则四边形ACBD面积的最小值为_____.三、解答题：本题共8小题，共64分。

2023-2024学年（下）初一期中学业水平质量监测语文试卷考生在答题前清认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求：1. 本卷共6页，满分150分，考试时间150分钟。

2. 答题前，请务必核对答题纸上的条形码姓名、考试号。

3. 须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题纸上的指定位置，在其它位置作答无效。

如需改动，清用橡皮擦干净后，再书写其它答案。

4. 请直接将答案书写在答题纸上一（25 分）阅读下面的一段文字，回答1 3小题。

（4分）家是最小国，国是千万家。

家庭的前途与祖国的前途紧密相连，个人的命运与民族的命运休戚相关。

A ，“祖国"不是一个普通的名字，“爱国”也不是一句简单的口号。

自古以来，中华民族多少仁人志士，为自己的祖国抛头颅 B 洒热血,“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已"是他们铿锵有力的shìyáno他们在国家危急存亡之际，敢于挺身而出，力挽kuánglán,甘愿献出自己宝贵的生命；在祖国建设蓬勃发展之际，他们可以义无反顾，沥尽心血，付出自己毕生的精力。

根据拼音，用规范正楷在田字格中写出相应的汉字。

（2分）下列连词中，填入横线A处最恰当的一项是（▲ ）。

（1分）A.或者B.并且C.因此D.但是请在B处横线上填上恰当的标点符号。

（1分）B处应填：▲ 。

行知中学七（1）班将举行“天下国家革命文化”综合性学习活动，请你参加。

（4分）（1）活动中准备出一期黑板报，围绕“革命文化”设计几个栏目，请仿照示例补充栏目三。

（1分）栏目一：革命诗歌摘抄栏目二：革命故事荟萃栏目三：▲（2）小组成员准备在“革命诗歌朗诵会”上朗诵《黄河颂》。

下面两张图片中，你准备选择哪一张作为朗诵背景？说说你的理由。

（3分）名著阅读。

（8分）老舍先生强调他笔下的祥子是一位“个人主义奋斗者”。

在找小福子时，祥子遇到了老马，老马说：“你想独自混好？谁不是那么想呢？可是谁又混好了呢？……”你认为祥子是“奋斗” 了一生，还是“混” 了一生？结合具体内容阐述理由。

2024届江苏省南通市如皋中学高一化学第二学期期末学业水平测试试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、选择题(共包括22个小题。

每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项）1、下列物质在稀硫酸作用下发生水解反应只生成一种产物的是( )A．蔗糖B．蛋白质C．油脂D．麦芽糖2、下列关于化学反应及相关概念的叙述正确的是A．碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物B．溶于水能导电的化合物一定是电解质C．冰与水之间的相互转化是化学变化D．有单质生成的反应一定是氧化还原反应3、化学与工农业生产、人类生活密切相关，下列说法中正确的是A．14C可用于文物年代的鉴定，14C 与12C互为同素异形体B．葡萄糖注射液不能产生丁达尔效应，不属于胶体C．汽油、柴油和植物油都是碳氢化合物D．“春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干”中的“丝”和“泪”分别是指纤维素和油脂4、下列说法正确的是A．可食用植物油含有的高级脂肪酸甘油酯是人体的营养物质B．石油的分馏、煤的液化和气化都是物理变化，石油的裂化、裂解都是化学变化C．淀粉、蛋白质、葡萄糖都是高分子化合物D．以重油为原料裂解得到各种轻质油5、下列叙述正确的是A．活泼金属钠用电解法冶炼B．铜只能用电解法冶炼得到C．汞的冶炼只能用热还原法D．用铝热法冶炼铝6、下列有关化学用语表达正确的是A．35Cl−和37Cl−离子结构示意图均可以表示为：B．HClO的结构式：H−Cl−OC．HF的电子式：UD．质子数为92、中子数为146的U原子：146927、已知最外层电子数相等的元素原子具有相似的化学性质。

氧元素原子的核外电子分层排布示意图为下列原子中，与氧元素原子的化学性质相似的是（)A．B．C．D．8、足量铜与一定量浓硝酸反应，得到硝酸铜溶液和NO2、N2O4、NO的混合气体，将这些气体与1.68LO2(标准状况)混合后通入水中，所有气体完全被水吸收生成硝酸。