译林牛津版高中英语必修一知识讲解 定语从句(II)

高中定语从句讲解教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语高一)定语从句定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。

被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。

定语从句掌握要点分析：一：掌握定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选用，以备选择题；二：掌握定语从句的翻译，以备阅读及完形填空和填空题的理解；三：掌握简单的定语从句的汉译英，以备在作文中能写出简单的含定语从句的句子。

关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词 who 人主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war..whose 人，物定语 I like those books whose topics(the topics of which) are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.that 人，物主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which 物主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as 人，物主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词 when 时间时间状语 I will never forget the day whenwe met there. 可用on whichwhere 地点地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in whichwhy 原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for whichII. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。

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第二课时定语从句[针对训练］Ⅰ.单项填空1．（2015·福建高考）China Today attracts a worldwide readership，________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A．who B．whomC．that D．which答案 D ［句意：《今日中国》吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。

先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，用which来引导.]2．(2014·重庆高考）We’ll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year.A．which B．where C．when D．what答案 A [句意：一个月之后我们就能完成年初制定的销售目标。

先行词targets在从句中作set的宾语，故要用关系代词。

］3．(2014·北京高考）I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，________ my classmates recommended to me。

定语从句一、基本概念1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。

换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。

2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。

3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。

若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。

4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。

但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。

5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类：关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as关系副词：when, where, why二、基本用法2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题：a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。

1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。

1.I told him all (that) I know.2.He gave her everything (that) he had.2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。

1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me.2.You can take any book (that) you like.3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。

1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read.2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai.4.先行词既有人又有物时。

英语译林牛津版必修1 Unit2定语从句学案（1）（详解与训练）（一）定语从句复习用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1. The book is mine. He is reading the book.The book (which/that) he is reading is mine.2. I like the girl. The girl is wearing a red skirt.I like the girl who is wearing a red skirt.3. She is the student. We saw her yesterday.She is the student (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday.4. The athlete is a famous runner. You talked to him.The athlete who you talked to is a famous runner.5. I have lost the book. He gave me it yesterday.I have lost the book (which/that) he gave me yesterday.6. I have seen the film. You talked it about last night.I have seen the film (which/that) you talked about last night.7. I threw the chair. Its legs are broken.I threw the chair whose legs are broken.（二）介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1. This is the teacher. We’ve learned a lot from her.This is the teacher (whom/who/that) we’ve learned a lot from.This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot.2. The policeman is a friend of mine. Mr Henry is talking with him in the office.The policeman (who/that/whom) Mr Henry is talking with in the office is a friend of mine.The policeman with whom Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.3. The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladder.The ladder (which/that) I was standing on began to slip.The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.4. Great changes are taking place in the city. They live in the city.Great changes are taking place in the city (which/that) they live in.Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.5. This is the library. I borrowed Harry Potter from this library.This is the library (which/that) I borrowed Harry Potter from.This is the library from which I borrowed Harry Potter.总结：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可提至关系代词前，构成“介词＋which/whom从句”结构。

牛津高中英语语法复习：定语从句牛津高中英语语法复习：定语从句（一）定义1)在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子承当），修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；在句中起定语的作用.2)被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词antecedent1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 先行词关系代词定语从句2) You must do everything that I do.先行词关系代词定语从句(二)：关系代词的作用;1.连接主句和从句。

2.代表被修饰的先行词。

3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。

eg. Twhich I lived in last year.先行词关系代词定语从句(三)：定语从句中有关系代词 who, whom, whose, wat, as.关系副词 when, where, why 等引导定语从句。

（四）：用关系代词还是用关系副词关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，选用什么样的关系词，要由它在定语从句中担任的逻辑作用来决定。

关系代词词行先行词充当成分who人主、宾、表Whom人宾That人物主、宾、表Which物主、宾、表As物主、宾Wwhomof which定语关系副词When=atinonduring which时间状Where=atinto which地点状Why=for which原因状that 在口语中可以代替关系副词以上三者状Tlace ­where we work.（vi.） (关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的)Tlace which we visited. (vt. )种类先行词关联词例句定语从句（人）在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语whowhichTdoctor who saved the boy’s life .这就是救了孩子生命的医生。

w student whom I waduu . 她就是我要介绍给你的新学生Please pabook wlyingable.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。

英语：Unit1《School Life》定语从句（译林牛津版必修1）定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中作定语, 修饰一个名词或代词, 被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后, 由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有when, where, why等。

关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词, 并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1. who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词, 在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗? (who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2. whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物, 它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了, 大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3. which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词, 在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

例如:A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

(which/that在句中作主语)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。

英语译林牛津版必修1 Unit2定语从句学案（1）（详解与训练）（一）定语从句复习用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1. The book is mine. He is reading the book.The book (which/that) he is reading is mine.2. I like the girl. The girl is wearing a red skirt.I like the girl who is wearing a red skirt.3. She is the student. We saw her yesterday.She is the student (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday.4. The athlete is a famous runner. You talked to him.The athlete who you talked to is a famous runner.5. I have lost the book. He gave me it yesterday.I have lost the book (which/that) he gave me yesterday.6. I have seen the film. You talked it about last night.I have seen the film (which/that) you talked about last night.7. I threw the chair. Its legs are broken.I threw the chair whose legs are broken.（二）介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1. This is the teacher. We’ve learned a lot from her.This is the teacher (whom/who/that)we’ve learned a lot from.This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot.2. The policeman is a friend of mine. Mr Henry is talking with him in the office.The policeman (who/that/whom) Mr Henry is talking with in the office is a friend of mine.The policeman with whom Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.3. The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladder.The ladder (which/that) I was standing on began to slip.The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.4. Great changes are taking place in the city. They live in the city.Great changes are taking place in the city (which/that) they live in.Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live.5. This is the library. I borrowed Harry Potter from this library.This is the library (which/that) I borrowed Harry Potter from.This is the library from which I borrowed Harry Potter.总结：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可提至关系代词前，构成“介词＋which/whom 从句”结构。

1 非限制性定语从句 考情分析 高考命题中，大多数定语从句的考点出现在非限制性定语从句中。 一、非限制性定语从句 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 限制性定语从句把它的先行词限定在特定的意义之内，对先行词起限定的作用，是先行词必不可少的修饰语。非限制性定语从句不对先行词起限定的作用，不是先行词必不可少的修饰语，只对先行词起补充说明的作用，没有它，整个句子的意思不会受到影响，仍然完整。 非限制性定语从句和它的先行词之间通常要用逗号隔开；而限制性定语从句和它的先行词之间不能用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中除了不用that以外，其他关系词都可使用，使用方法与限制性定语从句一样。 The supermarket,which was opened two months ago,is now closed down. 两个月前开的那家超市，现在已经倒闭了。 The book,which you're reading,is mine. 你正在读的那本书是我的。 Nanjing,where I lived for five years,is very hot in summer. 南京夏天非常热，我在那里生活了五年。 Your father,whom I respect very much,is a kind old man. 你父亲是个很和善的老人，我很尊重他。 以下情况只能用which，不能用that: 引导非限制性定语从句(包括指代整个主句的意思时)； 介词+关系代词的结构中。 巧记：非限制性定语从句不用that。 【基本用法】 （1)限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可以用逗号将其与主句隔开。 Do you remember the girl who taught us English? 你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩儿吗？ My new car,for which I paid several thousand dollars, isn't running well. 我花了几千美元买的新车不好开。 （2)大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。 Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,which is quite unexpected.到目前为止，我们已经为贫穷的孩子们筹集了50，000英镑，这非常出乎我们的意料。 2

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetieji定语从句I. 定语从句关系词1. 引入课题1. The girl _______ is sitting in the chair is a good singer.2. The skirt __________ Mary bought two years ago is old.3. Is this the novel __________ you introduced to me?4. Where is the boy _______ broke the window?5. Luckily none of the people _________were killed in the earthquake.2. 定语从句概念在复合句中，修饰某_____________的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的_____________叫先行词。

Eg. He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.关系代词:引导词关系副词: _______________________________________________________关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词关系副词3. 关系词的作用：1、连接作用2、替代作用3、成分作用例 1. The man __________ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.例2: The boy_________________ the nurse is looking after is my friend.例3: The car________________ is red was damaged yesterday.例4: The question_______________ I don’t understand is about4. 练习：用定语从句合并句子。