英语简单句的五种基本句型(讲解、练习、打印版)
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英语五种简单句基本句型英语的五种简单句型非常重要,它们是进行句子结构分析的基础,也是学习其它语法内容的基础。
以下是店铺整理的关于英语五种简单句基本句型,希望大家喜欢!一. 五种简单句基本句型1.“主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析:“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。
2.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例:I study English.分析:“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
3.“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。
例:Our teacher taught us English.分析:“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。
4.“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例: He asked her to go there.分析:“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语--补充说明宾语做什么)。
5.“主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。
简单句的五种基本句型英语是一种结构型的语言,以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。
下表是简单句的五[(1)Speakaloudsothateveryonecanfollowyou.() (2)BesidesJapanese,hecanalsospeakSpanish.() (3)Hisfatherusedtoworkhardtomakemuchmoney.() (4)Iintendedtolietohim,butfailed.()(5)Unfortunately,Ifailedthedrivingtest.()2.在每一空格上填上恰当的介词。
(1)Idon’tagree_____youcompletely.Ihavemyownopinion. (2)ThedictionaryisnotTom’s.Itbelongs _____me.(3)Useyourhead,andyouwillthink_____somewaystosolvetheproblem. +宾语(S+Vt.+O)(S +LV +P)“保持或状态”类的有等;等。
我是高中生,他是初中生。
四年后,汤姆成了一名医生。
这故事听起来既有趣,又有教育意义。
(短语)、介词短语、表语从句、分词(短形容词作表语)) )介词短语作表语)表语从句作表语) 过去分词作表语)(现在分词短语作表语)(3)使用系动词应注意的地方:第一,没有被动语态;第二,一般没有进行时(除了feel 以外);第三,有些动词既是系动词又是普通动词。
如:keep,grow,taste,feel,get,smell 等。
第四,非谓语一般用现在分词(这一点仅作了解,高中阶段将涉及。
)例如:Aftertwo-day’streatment,hefeltwellagain.(不用wasfelt) Heremainsanexcellentengineerinthefactory.(不用isremained)比较:We grew sometreesaroundourschoolandthey grow greennow.(grew 是及物动词,意思是________;而grow 是系动词,意思是________) Thepetdog keeps clean.Itis kept byJohnson.(keeps 是________动词,意思是________;而kept 是________动词,意思是________)JustnowI felt thetableandit felt smooth.(摸”;而第二个是________动词,意思是[练习]e)engineer.(2)Putthemeatintherefrigerator(冰箱ce.(7)Pleasekeep__________(安静句型四:主谓双宾结构=主语+及物动词+DO)[讲解](1物为直接宾语。
简单句的五种基本句型及练习Step 1: Lead in今天我们要讲的是简单句的五种基本句型。
Step 2: XXX Practicea。
简单句的五种基本句型主语 + 不及物动词(S + Vi)主语 + 系动词 + 表 (S + LV + predicative)主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + Vt + O)主语 + 双宾动词 + 间宾 + 直宾 (S + Vt + O.indir + O.dir)主语 + 宾补动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语 (S + Vt。
+ O + O.C)主语、动词(不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。
完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分,至多4个基本成分。
b。
Practice划分句子的主谓并判断是哪一种基本句型1.The sun rises.2.Who cares?3.What he said does not matter.4.They talked for half an hour.5.XXX.基本句型一:S + V (主 + 谓)总结:此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词,主格代词,动词不定式,动名词(指的是所有的结构中的主语)等等。
主语一般在句首。
谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。
不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构。
c。
Practice划分句子的基本成分并判断是哪一种基本句型1.This is an English-XXX.2.XXX dinner smells good.3.XXX party.4.Everything looks different.5.XXX.6.Our well has gone dry.7.His face XXX red.基本句型二:S + LV + Predicative (主 + 系 + 表)这篇文章讲述了英语中的不同句型和动词类型。
英语简单句的五种基本句型第一篇:英语简单句的五种基本句型英语简单句的五种基本句型1、S+V+(状语)主谓(不及物动词)2、S+V+O主谓宾3、S+V+C /SVP主系表4、S+V+O+O主谓+双宾语5、S+V+O+C主谓+复合宾语S+V+PS+V+OS+V+IO +DOS+V +O +OC第二篇:英语简单句五种基本句型详解基本句型英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。
汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。
即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。
比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day.也可以表达为I ride to school every day.如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚:这三个语句除了行为者“I”的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。
句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀句子成分学记口诀主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。
宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。
简单句的五种基本句型英语是一种结构型的语言,以谓语动词为核心构成各种句型。
为了帮助你掌握英语的句型,本节课我们一起来总结一下英语的基本句型。
4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(+ 状语)5.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(+ 状语)第三篇:简单句基本句型英语句子的类型一.简单句的基本句型及造句1.主语+系动词+表语。
2.主语+不及物动词(主谓)。
3.主语+及物动词+宾语。
4.主语+及物动词+间宾+直宾。
5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补。
例句:I am happy.He is a student.She looks tired.I work.He is standing.You are sitting.I study English.I cook dinner.He is having lunch.He teaches us English.We call him Da Mao.He bought me a card.We should keep our classroom clean.He asks me to study hard.He helps me carry water.第四篇:简单句的五种基本句型及句型成分练习简单句的五种基本句型1.S十V主谓结构2.S十V十P主系表结构3.S十V十O主谓宾结构4.S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构5.S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构判断类型和句子成分:She came.She likes English.She is happy.The teacher asked me to read the passage.She bought a book for me.She gave John a book.My head aches.She makes her mother angry.The sun was shining.The moon rose.The dinner smells good.Everything looks different.He is growing tall and strong.His face turned red.Who knows the answer?He enjoys reading.I want to have a cup of tea.。
英语简单句的五种基本句型简单句:只包含一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子,称作简单句。
简单句的基本句型:简单句有以下5种基本句型。
1.主语+ 不及物动词例:It is raining heavily. My tooth aches.翻译:1. 他昨天锻炼了。
2. 这只鸭子正在游泳。
3. 这个女孩儿跳舞好。
4. 风筝在天上飞。
2.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语例:They enjoy the play. I met John in the street yesterday.翻译:1. 他喜欢篮球比赛。
2. 他每天打电脑游戏。
3. 她正在弹吉他。
4. 他们经常放风筝。
3.主语+ 系动词+ 表语例:He is out. Jenny is fine. It looks like rain soon.翻译:1.他是美国人。
2.2. 苹果尝起来味道很好。
3.树变绿了。
4.你的主意听起来不错。
4. 主语+ 及物动词+ 双宾语例:He bought her a watch. The sun gives us light. 翻译:1. 他给我讲了个故事。
2. 他们送给我一个礼物。
3. 我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。
4. 我同学借给我了一本字典。
注意:双宾语一个指人(即间接宾语),另一个指物(即直接宾语)。
一般间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面,有时它们也可交换位置,这是需要在间接宾语的前面加上介词to 或for 。
常见的双宾语结构:bring sb. sth (bring sth to sb).give sb. sth (give sth to sb.)hand sb. sth (hand sth to sb.)leave sb. sth (leave sth.to sb)lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb)pass sb sth (pass sth to sb)return sb. sth (return sth to sb)send sb sth (send sth to sb)show sb sth (show sth. to sb.)tell sb sth (tell sth to sb )write sb sth (write sth to sb )buy sb sth (buy sth for sb )do sb sth (do sth for sb )get sb sth (get sth for sb )make sb. sth (make sth for sb)pay sb. sth (pay sth for sb)sing sb sth (sing sth for sb )5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 补足语例:He told me to clean my room.I saw her dancing.翻译:1. 我们老师要求我们每天读英语。
简单句的五种基本句型句型一主语+系动词+表语(SLP)[讲解] (1) 系动词的三种分类:在初中阶段,我们学过的表示“保持或状态”类的有be, remain, stay, keep, prove等;表示“变化”类的有grow, turn, get, become, fall, go, come等;表示“感官”类的有look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, appea r等。
例如:I am a senior school student while he is a junior one.我是高中生,他是初中生。
After four years, Tom became a doctor/ turned doctor.四年后,汤姆成了一名医生。
The story sounds interesting and instructive.这故事听起来既有趣,又有教育意义。
(2) 可以充当表语的有形容词、名词、副词(短语)、介词短语、表语从句、分词(短语)等。
例如:In order to keep healthy, he takes exercise everyday. (形容词作表语)In my mind, mother is my hero. (名词作表语)Look! Your pet dog is there. (副词作表语)The schoolbags come in different sizes. (介词短语作表语)You’ve changed a lot. You are not what you were. (表语从句作表语)Many passengers got injured in the accident. (过去分词作表语)The machine keeps running for a long time. (现在分词短语作表语)(3) 使用系动词应注意的地方:第一,没有被动语态;第二,一般没有进行时(除了feel以外);第三,有些动词既是系动词又是普通动词。
简单句的五种基本句型基本句型一: 主+系+表此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做连系动词.系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化.be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它系动词仍保持其部分词义.1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典.2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好.3. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了.5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮.基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语,状语从句等.1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着.2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了.3. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系.4. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时.5. The pen │writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利.基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾语此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整.这类动词叫做及物动词.1. Who │knows │the answer?谁知道答案?2. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书.3. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误.基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾(间宾+直宾)此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思.这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者.通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略.1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳.2. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片.3. He │bought │you │a dictionary.他给你买了一本字典.4. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了.5. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器.基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语(宾+宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整.1. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色.2. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住.3. What │makes │him │think so?他怎么会这样想?.4. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去.5. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来.6. I │saw │them │getting on the bus at that time. 我看见他们当时在上了那辆公共汽车.五种基本句型翻译练习基本句型一: 主+系+表1. 当时他看起来不高兴。
简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: We make him our monitor(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David.(名词) They painted(涂漆) their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh(新鲜的) air in.(副词) You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词) China is a developing(发展中) country; America is a developed(发达) country.(分词) There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词) His progress(进步)in English made us surprised.(代词) Our monitor(班长) is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语) He is reading an article(文章) about how to learn English.(介词短语) 7、状语: 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 He lives in London. Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组) He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语) He is sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.(不定式短语) He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语) Once(一旦0 you begin, you must continue.(状语从句) 状语种类如下: How about meeting again at six?(时间状语) Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语) I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语) Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语) She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语) She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语) In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语) He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语) She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语) I am taller than he is.(比较状语)
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分: 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议). 9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11. Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there, reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed(注意到) a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet.
简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下: S十V主谓结构 主语 + 不及物动词 S十V十P主系表结构 主语 + 连系动词 +表语 S十V十O主谓宾结构 主语 + 及物动词 +宾语 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构
判断类型和句子成分: She came. She likes English. She is happy. The teacher asked me to read the passage. She bought a book for me. She gave John a book. My head aches. She makes her mother angry. The sun was shining. The moon rose.