2019-2020学年山西省运城市高一(上)期末地理试卷

【期末试卷】2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考卷）笔试部分附参考答案按秘密级事项管理★启用前2019-2020 高一上学期期末考试英语试卷(新高考卷)注意事项:1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AArtificial intelligence (AI) is practically everywhere today. There are so many products out there which use AI. Some are being developed, some are already in use, and some failed and are being improved, so it’s very difficult to name a few of them and regard them as the best.ViIt is an AI personal trainer which is mainly concerned with fitness and coaching. It, however, requires the use of bio-sensing earphones and other fitness tracking equipment (设备)! It can play your favourite music while you work out and all you have to worry about is the exercise you’re doing.Deep TextDo you ever wonder how an ad appears suddenly just whenyou are looking for something similar? This is because of Deep Text. It uses real-time consumer (消费者) information to produce data which in turn is used to target consumers. Thus, if you search online for flight tickets from Bangalore to Delhi, it is very likely that an ad relating to hotels in Delhi will soon follow.Hello EggIf you live alone and miss your mother because you always miss your breakfast or don’t know what to eat for dinner, the n Hello Egg is exactly what you are looking for. A very healthy choice of the 2-minute noodles and oats, Hello Egg provides you with a detailed weekly meal plan about the needs of your body. It is truly a modern AI-powered home cooking tool for the young.WordsmithYou can put Mr. Smith into your Microsoft Excel using their free API, and let it write up detailed analysis (分析) of the stories behind your numbers. It can produce detailed reports on thousands of pages of spreadsheets in seconds.1.What can we learn about Vi from the text?A. It is an AI music player.B. It is a bio-sensing earphone.C. It doesn’t work without bio-sensing earphones.D. It can make you more energetic while you work out.2. Which can help you improve cooking skill?A.Hello Egg.B.Deep Text.C.Vi.D.Wordsmith.3. What can Wordsmith do for us?A.Produce a detailed report.B.Book a ticket ahead of time.C.Provide us with a detailed meal plan.D.Offer us information on hotels for traveling.BA couple in their 60s has travelled 12,000 miles across 16 countries from Britain to China — riding their bikes the entire way. Grandparents Peter and Chris stepped on the long journey after deciding to “do something a bit different”. They traversed (横穿) cities, deserts, mountains and everything in between across Europe, the Middle East and the East Asia. The married couple of 37 years enjoyed themselves with delicious local food and spent most nights inside a tiny tent put up wherever they could find shelter.Peter, 66, said the moment they finally had a look at the famous Great Wall after a year and a half of cycling 30 miles a day was “really exciting”. At the end of their journey, the special pair didn’t fly home but instead choose to book a cabin (舱) inside a 400m-long container ship. The final part was a three-week voyage from Singapore across the Indian Ocean and into the Mediterranean Sea before arriving at Southampton.“You never know what the day is going to bring. All you know is that you aregoing to get on your bike and cycle. Every day is an adventure and every day is new. Overall, the experience is absolutely unbelievable, ” Peter said.Peter and Chris initially set out to cycle from Britain in January 2017 but were forced home. They had cycled all the way to Hungary when Peter slipped on tiles and broke his leg. After seven months of recovery, the couple set out again in Britain. They finally arrived in China in November 2018.Both Peter and Chris agreed that the best part of the entiretrip was coming across the kindness of strangers along the way, many of whom invited the couple for food and drink. Chris, 64, said, “It was a wonderful experience, particularly wonderful because of the amazing people we met along the way.”4.What’s the couple’s purpose of taking the long journey?A.To try something new.B.To break the world record.C. To go across 16 countries by bike.D. To celebrate their 37-year marriage.5. How did the couple go back to their home after the trip to China?A. By cycling.B. By train.C. By plane.D. By sea.6. Why did the couple put off their trip in 2017?A. Peter had an accident.B. They ran out of their money.C. They met with a heavy snow.D. Peter fell ill suddenly in Hungary.7. What’s the best part of the trip for the couple?A. The beautiful scenes.B. The help from others.C. The delicious food and drink.D. The kindness from other cyclists.CHundreds of thousands of lives were saved in 2017 alone because of the improvement of the environment, according to a new research. Fine particle pollution declined rapidly following the new rules on industrial emissions and the promotion of cleanfuels, according to the study, published on Monday in the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The study, which focused on the period from 2013-2017, was conducted by a group of Chinese researchers and scientists.PM2.5, as this kind of pollution is known, is so small that it can enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to cancer, stroke and heart attack in the long term. After rapid industrialization and weak regulations left the country with a reputation for smog and bad air quality, Chinese authorities started to take air pollution seriously in 2008.In 2013, Beijing had PM2.5 concentrations 40 times higher than levels recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the governmentintroduced its toughest-ever clean air policies that year. The study found “signif icant declines” in PM2.5 levels across China from 2013-2017, with new standards for thermal power plants and industrial boilers, the replacement of old factories, and new emissions rules for vehicles. The authors say this “confirms the effectiveness of Chi na’s recent clean air actions.”These recent actions have seen Beijing fall out of the top 100 most-polluted cities in Asia in recent years, with the pollution levels 10% lower across Chinese cities between 2017 and 2018, according to a report by Greenpeace and AirVisual. Shanghai, the country’s largest city and financial capital, has also made environmental advances, such as adopting strict recycling regulations. Public pressure has been the driving force of pollution policy in China.Air pollution is a global issue, and India is now home to 22 of the 30 most polluted world cities, according to the Greenpeace and AirVisual report. In the US, a recent study said air pollutionwas linked to more than 107,000 deaths in 2011 and cost the country $866 billion.8. What saved many lives in China?A. China’s clean air policies.B. The increased particle pollution.C. The study by researchers.D. The reduction of the clean fuels.9. Why did PM2.5 cause many diseases?A. It was called smog.B. It made the air cleaner.C. It went into the blood.D. It had a bad reputation.10. When did Chinese government decide to treat the pollution?A. In 2008.B. In 2013.C. In 2017.D. In 2018.11. What did people in Shanghai do to protect the environment?A. They built the thermal power plants.B. They stopped using industrial boilers.C. They made Shanghai financial capital.D. They tried to recycle some rubbish.DIn the 1994 film Forrest Gump, there’s a famous saying, “Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re gonna get.” The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind box toys are bringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging(包装) butinvisible from the outside. You don’t know what will be inside, although the toys typically come from pop culture, ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were first introduced from Japan to China in 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall report, the mini-series of Labubu blind box. designed by Hong Kong -born Kasing Lung, was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The typically cute cartoon figurines (小塑像) come in miniature (微型的) sizes, making them suitable for display almost anywhere.Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations(装饰品), the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attracts people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,” said Miss Cao, 24, who lives and works in Shenyang. Speaking to Sina News, she said: “Until you open all the boxes, you cannot know what it is inside.”Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives, something small but fun to wait for each day, week or month. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome.When someone re-makes Forrest Gump, don't be surprised if he says, “Life is like a blind box.”12.What feature of blind boxes attracts people?A.They often get toys designed by famous artists.B.They don’t know what they’ve got until they open them.C.They can learn about pop culture from the packaging.D.They can experience the excitement of online shopping.13.Why does Miss Cao love blind box toys?。

陕西省2020版高一上学期地理期末考试试卷C卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单选题 (共11题；共42分)1. （4分）在下列宇宙条件中，与地球上存在生命无关的是（）A . 太阳辐射稳定B . 八大行星公转互不干扰相对安全C . 日地距离适中D . 太阳活动对地球的影响2. （2分） (2018高一下·吉安期末) “渔光互补”式光伏电站是在水面上架设太阳能电池板发电，水域用于水产养殖，实现“一地两用”提高单位面积土地的经济价值。

读图，完成下面小题。

（1）这种生产模式的最大优势是（）A . 提高太阳能利用率B . 提高土地利用效率C . 提升农业技术水平D . 提高渔业产量（2）“渔光互补”式光伏电站可能会（）A . 提升大气温度B . 加快浮游植物生长C . 降低水体温度D . 增强地面辐射3. （2分） (2019高二上·孝感月考) 第十九届亚运会于2018年8月18日-9月2日在印度尼西亚的雅加达（106°E，6°S）举办，开幕式于当地时间8月18日19时举行。

据此回答下列问题。

（1）在美国洛杉矶（西八区）的小明想收看开幕式直播，应在当地时间（）A . 18日11时B . 19日3时C . 18日4时D . 18日7时（2）本次亚运会过程中，雅加达昼夜长短及正午太阳高度情况为（）A . 昼短夜长变小B . 昼长夜短变小C . 昼长夜短变大D . 昼短夜长变大4. （4分）(2020·汕头模拟) PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5µm的颗粒物，主要由燃烧过程如煤炭燃烧、汽车尾气等或气态污染物在大气中经过气--粒转化生成。

某地位于我国东部沿海地区，经济发展水平较高，区域差异较小。

随着经济的快速发展，能源消耗迅速增加。

下图示意该地甲、乙、丙、丁四个城市多年逐小时PM2.5浓度平均值。

据此回答下列小题。

机密★启用前2020年7月湖北省高一年级期末统一联合测试地理试题本试题卷共6页，29题。

全卷满分100分。

考试用时90分钟。

★预祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷纸和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

一、选择题（本题共25题，每题2分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项只有一个选项符合题目要求。

）向日葵又被人们称为“太阳花”，在花盘盛开之前，花盘在白天会随着太阳自东向西旋转，其指向落后于太阳约12°。

当河套平原某农场（108°E）的向日葵花盘指向正南时，据此完成1-2题。

1.当地小明观察到太阳位于天空的（）A.东南.B.西南C.东北D.西北2.此时伦敦时间（世界时）约为（）A.4∶00B.5∶00C.4∶48D.5∶36某天气系统过境后，家住我国南方某地的刘老师打开手机中的天气预报软件，获取了当地从前一日到未来几日的气象资料，据此完成3-4题。

3.该地过境天气系统是（）A.冷锋B.暖锋C.气旋D.反气旋4.下列关于周的气压变化以及可能发生的天气状况说法正确的是（）A.气压升高白天太阳辐射较弱B.气压降低，白天太阳辐射较强C.气压升高，夜晚大气逆辐射弱D.气压降低，夜晚保温作用较强下图示意某区域1月份0℃等温线分布情况。

读图，回答5-6题。

5.影响图中0℃等温线弯曲的主要因素是（）A.纬度因素B.海陆分布C.地形因素D.沿岸洋流6.关于图示地区，说法正确的是（）A.海岸曲折幽深，深受冰川影响B.南北温差大，降水量东多西少C.河流流速平缓，水能资源丰富D.草原广布，多为温带草原美国加利福尼亚州约赛米蒂国家公园位于内华达山脉西侧，公园内峡谷、瀑布众多，花岗岩遍布，其中在光的作用下形成于船长峰（海拔约2000米）上的“火瀑布”呈金黄色。

官渡区第一中学2019-2020学年上学期高一地理期末试卷（考试时间90 分钟，满分100 分）第I卷一．单项选择题（本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的一项。

）北京时间2019年2月5日0:00点电影《流浪地球》上映，主要讲述太阳即将毁灭，人类开启“流浪地球”计划，据此完成下面小题。

1. 地球不可能属于（）A. 总星系B. 银河系C. 河外星系D. 太阳系2. 下列关于太阳叙述正确的是（）A. 太阳的能量来自于核裂变B. 太阳大气的最外层是日冕层C. 耀斑发生于光球层D. 距离太阳最近的行星是金星3. 电影上映时的国际标准时间是（）A. 2月5日8点B. 2月5日16点C. 2月4日8点D. 2月4日16点【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】【1题详解】该题以电影《流浪地球》为背景，考查天体系统的判断。

根据所学知识，地球是其所处天体系统最低一级地月系的中心天体，高一级为太阳系，再高一级为银河系，再高一级为总星系。

河外星系与银河系属于同一级别的天体系统，但河外星系是指银河系以外的星系，故地球不可能属于河外星系，C符合题意。

故选C。

【2题详解】该题考查太阳大气结构及太阳系的相关问题。

根据所学知识可知，太阳的能量主要来自于核聚变，A错。

太阳大气最外层为日冕层，B对。

耀斑主要发生在色球层，C错。

距离太阳最近的行星是水星，D错。

故该题正确答案为B。

【3题详解】该题考查时差。

根据所学知识，国际标准时间指格林尼治标准时，及零时区的时间。

据材料，电影上映为北京时间即东八区时间2019年2月5日0：00，与格林尼治天文台相隔八个时区，比格林尼治天文台早8个小时，故格林尼治时间应为2019年2月4日16时。

正确答案为D。

【点睛】地方时计算：（1）一定时：确定计算时可作为条件的已知地方时（2）二定向：所求点与已知时间点的相对东西方向，采用“东加西减”原则（3）三定差：确定所求点与已知时间点的经度差，采用“同减异加”原则（4）四定值：根据前面所确定条件计算所求时间，注意，每15°经度差=1小时，每1°经度差=4分钟。

湖南省娄底地区2019-2020学年高一上学期地理期末考试试卷A卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共20题；共70分)1. （4分） (2017高三上·廊坊期末) 被誉为“中国天眼”的500米口径球面射电望远镜"FAST"(下图)于2016年9月25日在贵州省黔南布依族苗族自治州的喀斯特洼坑中落成启用。

"FAST"从概念到选址再到建成，耗时22年，是具有我国自主知识产权、世界最大单口径、最灵敏的射电望远镜。

据此完成下列各题。

（1）“FAST”选址黔南喀斯特洼坑中的原因是（）①利用天然洼地，减少土石方开挖量.②该地纬度低，地球自转线速度大.③该地人烟稀少，接受电磁波波环境理想.④距经济发达地区较近，科技力量较强.⑤地处我国西南，环境优美，交通便利.⑥地质条件有利于地表水下渗，便于排水.A . ①②③B . ①③⑥C . ②④⑤D . ④⑤⑥（2）“FAST”的建设，有利于（）①打造高端科研平台，改善当地地理环境②促进西部经济的繁荣和社会进步③宇宙环境研究，国防建设和国家安全④促进民族文化交流，保障边疆地区安全⑤推动众多高科技领域的发展⑥改善外星生命的生存环境A . ①②③B . ①③⑥C . ②④⑤D . ④⑤⑥2. （4分）宇宙间有无数的天体，并处于不断运动之中．完成下题．（1）恒星和星云是宇宙中最基本的天体，其主要原因是（）A . 能发光、发热B . 平均密度大C . 中心有铁核D . 都有巨大质量（2）地球公转周期有回归年和恒星年，其中春分→夏至→秋分→冬至→第二年春分的周期是（）A . 365天B . 365天5小时48分46秒C . 366天D . 365天6时9分10秒3. （2分） (2016高一下·河北期中) 留学生程程春节期间由温哥华（西八区）回国探亲，其行程于2月10日12:50从温哥华起飞，2月11日16：00在北京降落；2月19日17:40从北京起飞，2月19日12:05在温哥华降落（所有起飞\降落时间均为当地时间），在回国途中该同学在飞机上所见正确的描述是（）A . 经历日出、日落各一次B . 从起飞到降落一直为白昼C . 经历的夜大于昼D . 飞机大部分时间在云雾中飞行4. （2分） (2017高一上·天津期中) 下图是“地球圈层间的物质交换示意图”。

北京市东城区2019-2020学年高一地理上学期期末考试试题（含解析）第一部分选择题2019年7月31日，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在距离地球约31光年的地方，发现了一颗可能有生命存在的“超级地球”，科学家们把这颗“超级地球”命名为GJ357d。

GJ357d 的质量至少是地球的6.1倍，围绕一颗比太阳小得多的恒星运行，每55.7天运行一周。

据此，完成下面小题。

1. “超级地球”与地球都属于A. 地月系B. 银河系C. 太阳系D. 河外星系2. 与地球相比，GJ357d①公转周期较长②大气层较薄③公转周期较短④大气层较厚A. ①②B. ③④C. ①④D. ②③3. 若GJ357d有生命存在，至少还需要满足的条件有A. 与其主恒星距离与日地距离相近B. 有固体表面C. 大气中有丰富的氧气和二氧化碳D. 有较丰富水【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D【解析】【1题详解】距离地球的距离约31光年，可知其仍然处于银河系之中，因此可知“超级地球”与地球都属于银河系，B正确，ACD错误。

故选B项。

【2题详解】由材料信息可知与地球相比，GJ357d的公转周期是比较短的，①错误，③正确；由材料信息可知GJ357d的体积比地球大得多，其引力较强，围绕在其周围的大气层厚度是比较厚的，②错误，④正确；B正确，ACD错误。

故选B项。

【3题详解】“围绕一颗比太阳小得多的恒星运行”，与恒星距离比地球近。

固体地表、二氧化碳不是生命存在的条件。

结合所学知识可知水是生命存在的重要条件，若GJ357d有生命存在，至少还需要满足的条件其要有较为丰富的水资源，D正确，ABC错误。

故选D项。

【点睛】结合所学知识可知银河系的直径约为10万光年。

下图为月亮在天空中的位置示意图。

读图，完成下面小题。

4. 图中拳头可用于A. 估算月亮的高度角B. 确定月亮的水平方位角C. 估算观察地的纬度D. 确定月亮与地球的关系5. 图示月亮出现的时间可能是A. 农历十五左右B. 农历的月初C. 阳历十五左右D. 阳历的月初【答案】4. A 5. B【解析】【4题详解】读图可知图中的拳头可用于估算月亮的高度角，可以用伸展手臂紧握拳头的方法来估测月亮的地平高度，高出地平线一拳为10°，两拳为20°，A正确，BCD错误。