英文文献-电涡流缓速器的发展
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中英文对照外文翻译汽车变速器设计我们知道,汽车发动机在一定的转速下能够达到最好的状态,此时发出的功率比较大,燃油经济性也比较好。
因此,我们希望发动机总是在最好的状态下工作。
但是,汽车在使用的时候需要有不同的速度,这样就产生了矛盾。
这个矛盾要通过变速器来解决。
汽车变速器的作用用一句话概括,就叫做变速变扭,即增速减扭或减速增扭。
为什么减速可以增扭,而增速又要减扭呢?设发动机输出的功率不变,功率可以表示为 N = w T,其中w是转动的角速度,T 是扭距。
当N固定的时候,w与T是成反比的。
所以增速必减扭,减速必增扭。
汽车变速器齿轮传动就根据变速变扭的原理,分成各个档位对应不同的传动比,以适应不同的运行状况。
一般的手动变速器内设置输入轴、中间轴和输出轴,又称三轴式,另外还有倒档轴。
三轴式是变速器的主体结构,输入轴的转速也就是发动机的转速,输出轴转速则是中间轴与输出轴之间不同齿轮啮合所产生的转速。
不同的齿轮啮合就有不同的传动比,也就有了不同的转速。
例如郑州日产ZN6481W2G型SUV车手动变速器,它的传动比分别是:1档3.704:1;2档2.202:1;3档1.414:1;4档1:1;5档(超速档)0.802:1。
当汽车启动司机选择1档时,拨叉将1/2档同步器向后接合1档齿轮并将它锁定输出轴上,动力经输入轴、中间轴和输出轴上的1档齿轮,1档齿轮带动输出轴,输出轴将动力传递到传动轴上(红色箭头)。
典型1档变速齿轮传动比是3:1,也就是说输入轴转3圈,输出轴转1圈。
当汽车增速司机选择2档时,拨叉将1/2档同步器与1档分离后接合2档齿轮并锁定输出轴上,动力传递路线相似,所不同的是输出轴上的1档齿轮换成2档齿轮带动输出轴。
典型2档变速齿轮传动比是2.2:1,输入轴转2.2圈,输出轴转1圈,比1档转速增加,扭矩降低。
当汽车加油增速司机选择3档时,拨叉使1/2档同步器回到空档位置,又使3/4档同步器移动直至将3档齿轮锁定在输出轴上,使动力可以从轴入轴—中间轴—输出轴上的3档变速齿轮,通过3档变速齿轮带动输出轴。
电涡流制动的工作原理及其在汽车上应用陈娟摘要:随着当前社会经济的发展,汽车工业得到了快速的发展,电涡流制动在汽车上有着十分广泛的应用,本文就电涡流制动的工作原理及其在汽车上应用进行阐述和分析。
关键词:电涡流制动;工作原理;汽车上应用1.前言电涡流制动在汽车上的应用大大提升了汽车的运行效率,满足汽车行业发展的需要。
2.构成及工作原理电涡流缓速器一般由定子、转子及固定支架等组成,如图1所示。
该装置安装在车辆驱动桥与变速器之间,通过电磁感应原理实现无接触制动。
转子随传动轴一起旋转时,定子线圈内通电产生磁场,缓速器工作,转子切割定子电磁场,在转子盘内部产生旋涡状的感应电流(电涡流),并在转子上产生一个与转子转动方向相反的力矩。
同时电涡流在具有一定电阻的转子盘内流动,产生热效应,使转子发热。
转子盘上设有叶片,其产生的风力可将热量迅速吹散。
通过以上过程,车辆行驶的动能即通过感应电流转化为热能。
2.1电涡流缓速器的性能特点提高车辆行驶的安全性采用电涡流缓速器进行制动,可使车轮制动器温升大为降低,确保车轮制动器处于良好工作状态,进而缓解车辆跑偏、制动失灵和爆胎等安全隐患。
电涡流缓速器是一个相对独立、反应灵敏的辅助制动系统,其转子与传动轴紧固在一起,能按驾驶员的意愿提供制动力矩,因而它的性能优于发动机排气制动。
电涡流缓速器采用电流直接驱动,无中间环节,其操纵响应时间仅40ms,比液力缓速器响应时间快加倍。
电涡流缓速器是一种完全独立于车轮制动器的车辆缓速装置,如果制动系统突然失效,仍可用电涡流缓速器来使车辆保留一定的减速制动功能。
电涡流缓速器能分担原制动系统30%-90%的工作量,大大减轻了行车制动器负荷,使其温升降低,有效避免“热衰退”现象,有利于提高车辆在山区行驶的安全性。
电涡流缓速器采用的是驱动车轮共控式,承担着整车的主要制动功能,这样就能改善传统制动系统左右车轮制动不一致的问题,避免制动跑偏现象发生。
同时还能使车辆获得较好的转向操纵性,特别是有利于提高潮湿、冰雪路段驾驶的安全性。
关于缓速器10年前,在中国的客车业提起“缓速器”似乎还是一个比较新鲜的名词,但是在10年后的今天,“缓速器”这个名词却成为了客车业各种场合都屡屡提及的热门词语,缓速器能够给客车带来的各种优点也被人们所认知。
我国地域广阔,地形复杂,尤其是在一些地区丘陵地貌多,这造成了客车在运行中需要不断的下坡制动,因制动系统失灵造成的特大伤亡事故不断增加。
而在城市交通系统中,由于我国城镇化进程的加快,城市拥堵问题日益严重。
车辆起动、制动频繁,刹车次数多,造成了公交车辆制动系统老化加快,公交车辆的制动和传动系统耗费严重。
缓速器则完全是针对上述问题的解决方案。
在城市车辆中,缓速器能延长制动系统4~8倍寿命,有效减少车辆维修、营运费用。
在客运车辆中,对于陡坡地形,缓速器能有效的缓解车轮轮毂发烫产生的热衰退致使制动性能下降,以及轮胎易分层造成早期裂的弊病,使车辆行驶更加安全,减少交通事故的发生。
汽车缓速器在发达国家早已被广泛使用,近几年国内几乎所有的高级以上的大中型客车都标配或选装电涡流缓速器,部分重型货车也在试装汽车缓速器。
营运客车和货车装备汽车缓速器后,大大提高了车辆的安全性、经济性和舒适性。
汽车缓速器是一种有效的辅助制动系统,目前在我国中高客车上都已采用。
随着人们的安全和舒适性意识的进一步增强,缓速器的市场需求将增加,不但在客车上,货车上也将采用。
正是这种巨大的市场需求,才使很多企业将触角伸到了缓速器这个领域。
近些年来,巨大的市场空间和丰厚的利润促使众多国内外汽车零部件供应商纷纷进入汽车缓速器行业。
今年我国缓速器市场同比将有大幅增长,其中大中型客车缓速器的销量增长最快,2010年,国内汽车缓速器的市场规模将达到16.7万台。
缓速器市场持续、快速增长得益于诸多利好因素。
由于目前我国缓速器市场主要在客车领域,其发展与我国客车业的增长密切相关。
统计数据显示,2000年以来,中国客车产量的平均增幅超过30%,预计到2010年仍将保持8%以上的增幅。
电涡流缓速器使用注意事项客户服务部江锋电涡流缓速器是一种无磨擦非易损的减速装置,俗称“汽车的第二刹车”,作为辅助制动系统,能有效降低因频繁制动带来的功率损耗,减少刹车蹄片和轮胎的消耗,延长刹车摩擦片和轮胎的使用寿命,并节省一定的燃油消耗。
正确使用电涡流缓速器,是发挥缓速器应有作用、提升车辆安全性能和运输效率的重要环节,同时还是保证缓速器长期稳定工作的关键。
1. 缓速器一般有手控和脚控两种控制方式,两种控制方式是独立的。
手控方式通过手柄选择档位,脚控是踩下制动踏板,通过气压开关控制缓速器的档位。
2、缓速器是辅助制动系统,不能完全依靠缓速器来制动,一般车速低于10km/h时缓速器效果不明显,甚至没有效果。
3、在使用脚动方式控制缓速器时,缓速器要先于常规制动系统工作。
因此要注意尽量轻踩制动,这样可以大大减轻常规制动器负荷,避免制动器磨损过快或者温度过高,从而最大限度地发挥缓速器的效能。
4、使用手控方式升档时,在每两个档位间要稍有停顿,不应连续从低档拉到高档,使用完后要回到空挡。
5.对于有预见性的制动,如到站、高速公路上进收费站等,可以使用手控方式使车辆减速,然后使用脚制动使车辆停下来,这样能有效避免蹄片磨损过快。
6.车辆在冰雪、泥泞的路段时,由于车轮的附着力较差,在使用时不能升档太快,以免因缓速器作用力过大引起后轮打滑。
7、当车辆在山区行驶.特别是在长距离下坡时建议手控档置于二档,并交替用常规制动。
缓速器连续工作一段时间.不要马上将车停下,最好继续行驶1 km左右的距离,避免其散热不良,烧坏线圈。
8、当缓速器发生故障时,注意关闭缓速器电源总开关。
9、缓速器停止使用时.仪表板上的缓速器工作指示灯应当熄灭,如该指示灯持续点亮,应检查排除故障。
10.避免用水清洗缓速器,可以在缓速器冷却后,用压缩空气清除灰尘,长期不清洗,积尘会影响缓速器散热。
11.如果需在车上电焊,则必须在电焊前断开电涡流缓速器的控制器(ECU)上控制单元的电源,否则会损坏控制器中的电路板。
电涡流缓速器和液力缓速器的优缺点电涡流缓速器和液力缓速器在作为车辆辅助制动装置,各有伯仲;必须针对不同的车型、考虑到装置的方便性、可靠性、可维护性、经济可接受性以及车辆行驶的路况环境,对车辆使用的技术状态进行细分,找出性能和经济性之间的平衡点,才可以有一定的比较。
对于车辆使用者来说,电涡流缓速器和液力缓速器的使用效果基本上是相同的,主要是考虑到两者的经济性区别,可靠性高不高,维护性好不好。
一)电涡流缓速器和液力缓速器具有以下共同的特点:1、在车辆主制动系统工作前,都能承担汽车的80%左右制动能量,其余20%左右的高强度制动能量由车辆主制动系统承担;减轻了车轮制动器的负荷,减少了制动碲片、摩擦块的磨损量(可使其寿命提高5倍左右)和制动系的维修时间,提高了汽车的使用经济性。
2、缓解由于制动器调整不当和磨损不均匀所造成的制动跑偏问题,和行车制动系联合使用,改善了制动性能,提高了行车的安全性。
3、缓速器制动柔顺、平稳,不会突然抱死,提高了乘坐的舒适性。
4、消除和减少由摩擦式制动器所产生的噪声和粉尘。
5、减少因制动过频或制动时间过长而产生的轮毂和轮辋温度过高和由此引发的爆胎现象。
也因此使轮胎的使用寿命有了很大提高。
6、电涡流和液力缓速器都只能是车辆减速而不能使车辆停止;它们均为辅助制动系,需和行车制动系配合使用。
二)电涡流缓速器和液力缓速器的优缺点:1、在缓速器制动力矩方面:由于液力缓速器的缓速力矩和缓速器工作腔有效直径的5次方成正比,受发动机冷却系统散热能力的限制,液力缓速器的制动力矩范围可达4000Nm左右,电涡流缓速器由于是风冷式散热制动力矩在3000Nm 左右。
对于大型客车和重型货车,液力缓速器大制动扭矩优势比较明显。
2、同制动力矩的液力缓速器和电涡流缓速器比较,质量是电涡流缓速器的1/3左右;其单位质量缓速力矩可达50 Nm/kg,电涡流缓速器为15Nm/kg。
3、电涡流和液力缓速器在非缓速的车辆行使状态转子随传动轴空转均消耗一定的发动机功率。
变速器论文中英文资料外文翻译文献外文翻译THE RESEARCHS OFAMT SHIFTING SCHEDULESVehicular Automatic Transmission can be divided into three types: Automatic Transmission (AT), Automated Mechanical Transmission (AMT) and Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). AMT has become a kind of transmission that is full of potentiality, due to its high transfer efficiency, low cost and easiness to manufacture.The research on AMT shifting performance is key technology in the developing. Shifting performance directly influence the market competition and industrialization of AMT.AMT has good market expectation, but during the shifting procedure, the power must be cut off which causes the poor shifting performance than AT and CVT. Only through improving the shifting performance can the commercial competence be established. So the virtual important thing is to find the way to improve shifting performance.The development of AMT can be divided into three phases: semi-automatic, automatic and intelligent. The two major part of AMT are: the hardware including the mastered object, executor, sensors and TCU; and the software performing the control strategy.The performance of AT shift influences greatly the performance of the vehicle. So the research on at shift quality is an important problem in the domain of AT researching. Shift quality control of AT is accomplished by electronic and hydraulic system. To shift smoothly, according the real time throttle valve opening and vehicle speed signal, the controller sends electronic signals to control oil pressure changing curve of the applying elements. this paper analyzes and research detailed shift quality control system,the analyzing model of shifting process and pressure changing curve of the applying elements Firstly this paper summarizes the existing evaluated quota of shift quality, and fully analyzes and introduces the existing control manner of AT shift quality.To meet the needs of research of vehicle starting and the real time control of shift, this paper puts forward a simplified model of engine-torque and a dynamics model of AT shifting process. Through the applying of the established model, this paper fully analyzes the process of the AT shifting.This paper drafts the proper oil pressure changing curve of the applying elements which can improve the AT shift quality, and gives the material calculated methods of the AG4 AT. This paper simulates the AG4 AT’s shifting process of 2H to 3H.The results of the simulation validate the established simplified models and the expected oil pressure changing curve.This paper fully analyzes the mechanism of the pressure regulating and flow controlling system of the AG4 AT, and preparatory discusses the design of the block-diagram of the shift quality control. This paper test the control system and hydraulic system of the AG4 AT by the AT hydraulic-electronic testing-bed. The result of the test validates the correction of these analyses.Automated Mechanical Transmission, as so called AMT, is a new-style transmission system. AMT technology applies the automatic technology to the manual mechanical transmission and makes the selection-gear, shift, clutch and throttle implement automatically. AMT technology is suitable for the situation of our country, and has an expansive market and development foreground. Shift schedules decide the time to shift and are the soul of the AMT. When the AMT is working, by comparing the states of the vehicle with the optimal shift schedules,the AMT decides the optimal shift time and achieves the shift automatically. This will lessen the tiredness of the driver and improve the safety. At the same time, the power and fuel-economy of the vehicle can also be improved. The author chooses the shift schedule as the key technology problem to be researched and the main study aim of this thesis is to get the optimal shift schedules for the AMT and so improve the power and fuel-economy of the vehicle. Through analyzing the influence factors of power and fuel-economy for the automobile, the author get the establishment methods for the optimal-power shift schedule and optimal fuel-economy shift schedule. In order to solve the influence of mass on the shift schedule, the author presents a variable-structure-controlled shift system. This enriches the theory of shift schedules. Because the computer simulation can save a lot of manpower and material resources comparing with the true-car test, so in this thesis, the author uses the simulation toolbox MATLAB/Simulate to setup the simulation model for shift schedules. Using this model, the optimal-power shift schedule and optimal fuel-economy shift schedule above are simulated and proved to be reasonable.Shifting performance is defined as the extent of swiftness and softness during the procedure of non-power shifting and to extend the life of the power train. The index is comfort of passenger, time duration and shock, nine factors maybe influence the shifting performance, and two experimental methods can be used to investigate the nature of this performance: one is collecting real-time data during road experiment and analyzing them, the other is the simulation of the operation conditions of the vehicle.The core of the AMT system is the control strategy, the principle of the clutch engagement, shifting procedure, the choice of control method and the CAN communication between TCU and ECU can influence the shifting performance.Shifting schedule is the schedule of auto shifting time between two shifts with controlling parameters. It includes economical and dynamical shifting schedule. At present, shifting schedule of two controlling parameters (vehicle speed and opening on throttle) is mainly used. If shifting schedule is not good,shifting will not happen at right time and the working condition of engine will be severe. It will make the sound of engine abnormally and stability badly through the whole shifting procession. Sometimes even flame out Schedule of clutch engagement is determined by releasing journey of clutch, opening of throttle, shifting, vehicle speed and loading. The mainControlling goals are engaging quantity and engaging speed. The engaging control of clutch is mainly referred to the control of engaging speed. It is divided into three stages: fast, slow, fast. Shifting quality is directly influenced by the second stage. If engaging harder, it will make shifting concussion, even flame out; if engaging more slowly, it will make the friction time longer and reduce its longevity. The main controlling parameters are difference between initiative and passive and torques on both sides. When torques being approximately equal, it is proved by experiments that it can guarantee shifting time and not make concussion through the procession of engagement at the time of difference of rotating speed below some value. Meanwhile, the abrasion of clutch is not severe.Shifting procedure is the procedure through working harmoniously among engine, clutch and transmission. Their cooperation will affect shifting time heavily. In order to decrease the shifting time, the time that is spent on the friction of the clutch should be decreased first. If we intend to increase the time of non-load stage, which helps to minimize the difference of the rotary speed between the driving disc and the driven disc. If we intend to shorten the time of the non-load stage, engage the clutch immediately after the gear change. The clutch can engage in a satisfying period if the new method of controlling the engaging speed of the clutch is realizable. And the time that is spent on synchronizing the gears should also be shortened. It can be realized in the following two ways. The first is to decrease the difference of the driving gear and the driven gear. The second is to increase the shifting force. If realizing the union control between ECU and TCU by CAN bus, AMT has the best control and the best shifting performance by use of communication strategy between TCU and ECU.Influence on shifting performance by hardwareThe elements in hardware system are the basis of proper functions of AMT. Executors, sensors, electronic components, hydraulic systems have influences on shifting performance, the choice of hardware parameters is of vital important to improvement of shifting performance.With the development of the theory and technology of vehicle, the technical increasingly mature of microprocessor and the extensive application of electronic technique on the car, people have no limit at satisfying the automotive means of transportation only, facing gradually from the request of the car power, economy and easily manipulating, flexibility, safety, an d the intelligent type of car becomes the focus in the vision of people increasingly. Company’s publicity slogan of" person, car, life"," make people the center" etc. On the side exhibit the expectation of people to the automotive individuation, humanity.In the development direction of the car intelligence, the intelligence of the automatic gearbox has important effect. But the intelligence of the automatic gearbox embodies at the establishment of the shift regulation. For the fashion, for satisfying people to the new automotive request, for competitive advantage of the car type, at present, each big factory in world worked very much in shift regulation of new car type. Among those, the most arresting is AL4 automatic gearbox developed by PEUGEOT/CITROEN and RENAULT in that there unexpectedly are the 10 kinds of so many shift regulations. In the big system of person— car — road, the good and bad of the car control, reflect primarily in the coordination of the vehicle and environment (road), the coordination of the vehicle and person. And so, the electronic automatic control system can save various regulations to provide the driver to choose to use, not only having the economic regulation, motive (call to sport the type again) regulation, but also still having the general (usual) regulation, environment temperature and regulation with the outsider condition variety etc. Namely, the point of shifting can be freely enacted for every kind of regulation. In the intelligence direction of the shift regulation, everyone has made much work up to now, parts of the results has been applied on the car. But the work that developing this intelligentshift regulation still is hard, this is mainly because of:1. The intelligence degree of the current intelligent gearbox needs to be increased, and it expresses at that accurate degree to identify environment is not high and to identify the driver’s driving can't give satisfaction.2. The intelligence function is still not perfect. The intelligent automatically shift system is an open system; it must be continuously perfect and plentiful on the current foundation. Only this way, it can adapt to the driving request of the different drivers, reducing the driver’s labor strength, increasing the performance of the whole vehicle.Conventional design method which used in the structure parameters' design of automobile gear box and synchronizer is a time-wasting job and hard work, and it is difficult to get idea design parameters and no good to the enhancement of products qualities. The optimum design of automobile gearbox and synchronizer which take the advantage of computers seeking the best structure parameters within constrains is a perfect and high-quality design method. The main target of this article is to set up a optimum mathematical model of structure parameters of the truck's gearbox and synchronizer, the auth or use a optimum method based on K-T equation to improve the design level of automobile gearbox and synchronizer. Gear box is a important part of transmission, so the optimization of automobile gearbox is very important because the transmission is a main part of automobile. According to the design request and character sofa sort of truck, the optimum mathematical model of truck's gearbox is analyzed an d set up in this article to decrease its weight and volume when the strength, stiffness, and lifetime of parts are permitted. And we can receive a satisfaction result through optimizing it's parameter for instance.Synchronizer is a important part of automobile gearbox, it make drive gear and driven gear engaged after their synchronized, so it can decrease engaged shock and noise, it can decrease shift forcing and make it comfort to gear shift and increase the life of synchronizer. The synchronized process of synchronizer is analyzed in this article; we can receive a satisfaction result through optimizing its influence parameter for instance when the synchronizedtime is the shortest. The optimum toolbox of MATLAB is a convenient of ware of modern optimization with fast speed and powerful function. The algorithms of different mathematical subsets are divided into different librarians in the form of functions in MATLAB optimum toolbox. When we use them, we just call the functions and give special parameters to solve the problems and this will be fast and accurate. The author gives an optimum design for automobile gearbox and synchronizer by using the optimum toolbox of MATLAB and receives a satisfaction result.自动变速器换档规律的研究车辆自动变速器通常分为液力机械式自动变速器(简称AT)、电控机械式自动变速器(简称AMT)和机械式无级变速器(简称CVT)。
汽车电涡流缓速器的设计与计算关绍文(上海同济同捷科技股份有限公司)雷雨成(同济大学)姚久永(上海同济同捷科技股份有限公司)【摘要】分析国内汽车电涡流缓速器开发现状,提出先进的设计手段是自主开发的保障。
设定设计输入状态,再经过理论分析推导符合制动转矩的确定缓速器结构尺寸参数的公式,全面考虑设计步骤、因素,是设计开发电涡流缓速器的基本条件。
主题词:设计计算缓速器结构尺寸参数Design and computation for Automotive Electric Eddy Current Retarder 1 概述电涡流缓速器的性能特点、结构与工作原理参见相关文献。
本刊2004年第4期李春明的文章《汽车电涡流缓速器的使用与维修》。
目前,国内只有屈指可数的几家公司在代理或开发电涡流缓速器产品,仅有少量投入试用;而其中,1:1照搬国外产品是主流做法。
因涉及到知识产权纠纷和不能从根本上掌握电涡流缓速器的设计机理与设计手段,国内电涡流缓速器自主开发雷声大雨点小,举步艰难,制约了国内电涡流缓速器技术进步和市场拓展。
2 设计步骤与方法我们利用全数字化设计技术进行产品开发设计,采用并行工程缩短开发周期,具有高性能、低开发成本和制造成本、快节奏的设计风格。
2.1理论计算基于知识的理论与经验相结合的推导计算,确定部件的结构尺寸,形成数模参数特征。
2.2全三维设计利用三维数字化设计平台,在确定了大体结构后即可建立三维数字化模型,它将空间结构尺寸、装配关系直观的展现出来,进行可视化虚拟装配设计。
并可实现设计数模直接用于控制数控机床进行数控加工——加工模具或工装卡具,即CAD/CAM一体化。
2.3仿真分析设计三维数模与分析仿真数模同步一致,可进行结构部件应力分析与散热风速分析,即CAD/CAE 一体化。
2.4优化设计采用三维精确装配检查及工艺分析,并利用CAE分析结果进一步优化三维数模,使之趋于理想化,即CAD/DFA/DFM一体化。
汽车电涡流缓速器的性能特点及使用【摘要】缓速器作为车辆的辅助制动部件,又称第三制动系统,它通过作用于车辆传动系统而减轻车辆制动系统的负荷,使车辆均匀减速,以提高车辆制动系统的可靠性,延长制动系统的使用寿命,从而降低车辆使用成本。
介绍了汽车电涡流缓速器的性能特点、结构与下作原理、正确使用、维护及常见故障诊断等。
【关键词】制动;缓速器;维修目前在中国应用最广泛的是电涡流缓速器。
由于电涡流缓速器辅助制动效果显著、经济效益可观,中国汽车界日益重视其发展。
总体上讲,电涡流缓速器在中国研制、生产和应用尚处在起步阶段,产品的质量和性能有待提高。
1.电涡流缓速器的性能特点1.1 提高车辆行驶的安全性a.电涡流缓速器是一种完全独立于车轮制动器的车辆缓速装置,如果制动系统突然失效,仍可用电涡流缓速器来使车辆保留一定的减速制动功能。
b.电涡流缓速器能分担原制动系统30%~90%的工作量,大大减轻了行车制动器负荷,使其温升降低,有效避免“热衰退”现象,有利于提高车辆在山区行驶的安全性。
c.电涡流缓速器采用的是驭动车轮共控式,承担着整车的主要制动功能,这样就能改善传统制动系统左右车轮制动不一致的问题,避免制动跑偏现象发生。
同时还能使车辆获得较好的转向操纵性,特别是有利于提高潮湿、冰雪路段驾驶的安全性。
d.安装电涡流缓速器后,制动时轮胎温度明显下降,降低了爆胎的可能性。
1.2提高车辆环保性能a.电涡流缓速器实行非接触式制动,工作时没有摩擦材料接触,木身不会发出制动噪声;由于它可以使传统制动器工作负荷大大减轻,故汽车制动时发出的“尖叫”声也不再产生。
b.电涡流缓速器工作不产生粉尘,同时也减少了传统制动系统在制动时摩擦材料产生的粉尘。
1.3提高操作与行驶舒适性a.安装电涡流缓速器后,驾驶员可方便地通过手控开关来实施多挡缓速,还可按卜巨速功能开关来使缓速器自动工作,减轻了驾驶员在卜坡路段的精神压力。
b.由于电涡流缓速器工作平稳,能提供平滑、渐进、安静的缓速效果,并能在任何车速下得到所需的减速力,因而使车辆驾驶史加容易、史加舒适。
Eddy current retarder developmentTen years ago, in China's passenger car industry to bring "retarder" seems to be a relatively new term, but 10 years later, "retarder" the term has become a passenger car industry have repeatedly mentioned on various occasions The popular term, retarder to be able to bring the advantages of passenger cars has been the perception. China's vast, complex terrain, especially in some parts of the landscape hills, which caused the bus to run in the need to brake downhill, resulting from defective brake caused serious casualties on the rise. In the urban transportation system, as a result of China's urbanization process to speed up urban congestion is an increasingly serious problem. Start-up of vehicles, frequent braking, the number of the brake, causing the bus to speed up the aging vehicle braking system, public transportation vehicles and brake transmission of serious cost.Retarder is entirely targeted solutions to these problems. In the city in vehicles, to extend the retarder braking system 4 to 8 times the life and effectively reduce vehicle maintenance, and operation costs. Passenger in the vehicle, the steep terrain, retarder can effectively alleviate the wheel hub burning heat generated by braking performance led to recession, as well as easy to tire burst early stratification caused by the defects, so that more traffic safety and reduce traffic The accident took place. Electricity, the liquid leading positionCurrently in China retarder on the market, retarder, there are two main types. For an eddy current retarder, for a hydraulic retarder. Eddy current retarder of the main suppliers for the Lok Ma France and Thailand, China, and other good-CSF, hydraulic retarder of the main suppliers in accordance with the special blessing for Germany, ZF and so on."Eddy current retarder installation, maintenance, maintenance costs are lower, more suitable for the Chinese market, especially the public transport market. Eddy current retarder in particular, low-speed range of 30 km / h when the output torque is better, and city buses During the operation an average of 60% in the speed of 30 km below the "Shanghai Lok Ma Thai retarder of the relevant staff for this reporter. "Hydraulic retarder to adapt to the long slope, very steep terrain big advantage, especially in the heat, the long run will not have a high temperature and therefore will not have a braking effect of decay. Hydraulic and relief The quality of the light-speed, eddy current retarder use of copper, aluminum alloy hydraulic retarder material used to generate the hydraulic torque 2000Nm brake retarder, for example, only one-third of the weight of eddy current non - That for passenger cars to reduce fuel consumption is very good. And there is no additional external facilities, no electromagnetic interference. Although the price higher, the durability, reliability. "Blessing in accordance with special technology-driven system (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. to introduce hydraulic engineer such a retarder.Two Retarder about the advantages and disadvantages, the bus industry experts believe that a different operating principle is bound to be different, but for passenger cars, different vehicles for the purpose of the request does not retarder, therefore,choose products To improve the performance of the product is helpful.In the domestic passenger car market retarder on the merits of a gradual recognition and regulations to improve passenger safety, passenger car retarder of the market have also taken place in the rapid expansion of high-end only in the past from the bus before it can function to the current urban public transport buses to install ; From the last 10 meters above the bus to the installation of the current 8 to 10 meters, 6 to 8 meters or even passenger cars have burst into a strong market demand.As a result, in a highly competitive market, the retarder manufacturers are constantly adjusting their product's design, marketing, production strategies, such as hydraulic retarder according to the leading-fu will be part of the special types of products The localization of production, has been developed exclusively for the Chinese market, "Maxima" retarder product, greatly reducing the cost of products, enhanced the competitiveness of their products; Lok Ma Thailand has increased the reliability of their products and product weight , With its more market share.。