人教版七年级下册英语Unit 8 知识点语法归纳总结
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Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
1. 短语归纳
① post office 邮局
② police station警察局
③ pay phone付费电话
④ Bridge Street 桥街
⑤ Center Street
⑥ near here 附近
⑦ across from 在…对面
⑧ be free 免费（有空）
⑨ next to 紧挨
⑩ between… and…
11 in front of 在…前面 12 excuse me 劳驾，打扰了
13 far from 离…远
14 go along… 沿着…走
15 turn right / left 向右 / 左转
16 on the (或one’s) right / left 在（某人的）右边 / 左边
17 in my neighborhood 在我的街区
18 look like=be like像
19 in life 一生中
20 behind在后面
21 Thanks so much.= Thanks a lot. 多谢
22 cross the street=go across the street 穿过马路
2. 典句必背
① Is there a hospital near here这附近有医院吗
② Yes, there is. It’s on Bridge Street. 是的，有。它在桥街上。
③ Where’s Center Street? 噢…中心大街在哪里？—It’s not too far from here. 它离这儿不太远。
④ Go along long Street and it’s on the right. 沿着长街走，它在右边。
⑤ To get there, I often walk out.为了到达那里，我常常走出来。动词不定式作为目的状语。
3. 用法集萃
(1) Is there a hospital near here? 这儿附近有医院吗?
❖ near作介词，意为“在.....附近”，属于方位介词。
例：Don’t sit near the door. 别坐在门口附近
❖ 常见的表示方位的（短语）介词：
next to紧挨；靠近 near在.....附近
beside/by在....旁边
behind在.....后面
in front of在.....前面 at the back of在.....后面
on/over在...上面 under在......下面
across from ... 在...对面 between... and... 在...和...之间
on the left ( of...) 在（....的）左边 on the right ( of..) 在（....的）右边
(2) It’s across from the park. 它在公园对面
❖ across from表示“在......对面”。
例：The bank is across from the school. 银行在学校对面
❖ across可以作介词，也可以作副词，意为“穿过；越过”，通常表示从物体表面穿过。
例：Can you swim across?
你能游过去吗? ( across作副词)
I’m helping an old man walk across the street. 我正在帮助一位老人过马路 ( across作介词)
❖ 辨析：across, through, over
across
表示从物体的表面穿过，
常与之搭配的词有street, road, river 等 注意：
cross也表示“穿过”，但它是动词，
而across是介词，walk/ go across = cross
例：
Be careful when you go across the street.
= Be careful when you cross the street.
过马路的时候要小心一点 through 表示从某个立体空间穿过，
常与之搭配的词有city, forest, park, tunnel, window等
over 表示从某物的上方越过或跨过
(3) —Are there any restaurants near here? 这附近有-些饭店吗?
—Yes. there's one in front of the post office. 有，邮局前面就有一家
① 辨析：one, it, that
one 用来指代前面提到的同类事物中的任何一个，
表泛指，相当于“a/an+单数可数名词” I don’t have any stamps. Can you give me one?
我没有邮票了。你能给我一枚吗?
it 指代上文出现过的特定事物，即“同一事物” Can you see the bird in the tree? I like it.
你看到树上的那只鸟了吗? 我很喜欢它。
that 用来指代前面特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，
相当于“the+单数可数名词或不可数名词”；
为避免重复，than后通常用that The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.我们学校的图书馆比你们学校的大。
牛刀小试
Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy _____ for his grandma.
A.it B.one C. this D. that
② in front of是固定搭配，意为“在....前面”。
例：I can’t see the blackboard because a tall boy is sitting in front of me.
我看不到黑板，因为一个高个子男孩正坐在我的前面。
❖ 辨析：in front of和in the front of
in front of 指某场所或空间之外的前面 There is a big tree in front of the classroom.
教室前面有一棵大树 （树在教室的外面）
in the front of 指某场所或空间之内的前面 There is a student standing in the front of the classroom.
有一个学生正站在教室的前面 （学生在教室的里面）
牛刀小试
—Why does the girl look unhappy.
—Because the boy ____ her is so tall that she can’t see the movie clearly.
A. behind B.next to C.in front of D. from
(4) I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. 我喜欢看猴子们爬来爬去
❖ watch sb. doing sth. 意为“看着某人正在做某事”。
例：I watched him walking across the street. 我看着他在过马路
❖
辨析：watch sb. doing sth.；watch sb. do sth.
watch sb. doing sth. 表示“看着某人正在做某事”，此时强调动作正在进行
watch sb. do sth. 表示“看着某人做某事”，此时强调动作经常发生或看到事情发生的全过程
类似的动词还有see, notice, hear等。
这类动词的宾语带宾语补足语时，宾补可以为省略to的动词不定式，也可以是动词的现在分词形式。例：Can you see some boys playing soccer in the playground? 你能看见一些男孩儿正在操场上踢足
球吗?
I saw the boy get into the library. 我看见那个男孩进了图书馆。
牛刀小试
My uncle’s dog was in the garden. I saw it _____ under the tree.
A.to play B.playing C. plays D. is playing
(5) To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road.
为了到达那里，我通常步行外出，在大桥路向右拐
① “To get there” 是动词不定式作目的状语，置于句前表强调。
例：To make more money, he often goes to bed late and gets up early. 为了挣更多的钱，他经常起早贪黑
牛刀小试
_______________________ , he has to listen to tapes every day.
A.To learn English well B.Learn English well C.Learning English well
② turn right 意为“向右转”，反义短语turn left 意为“向左转”。其中turn作动词，意为“转向”。
例：Turn right at the first corner. 在第一个拐角处向右拐
❖ 常见的turn短语有
turn left 向左转 turn right 向右转
turn on 打开 turn off 关闭
turn up 开大；调高 turn down 开小；调低
turn in上交 turn over翻转
牛刀小试
Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please ________ the TV.
A. turn off B .turn on C. turn down
(6) The best things in life are free! 生活中最好的东西是免费的！
❖ free形容词，意为“免费的”。
例：Here is your free lunch. 这是你的免费午餐 Your ticket is free. 你的票是免费的
❖ free作形容词，还可以意为“自由的，有空的”。
