2019考研英语长难句解析(62)

2019年考研英语长难句精选200句（31）More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-时间状语1 时间状语2 主语谓语speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards宾语从句despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.宾语从句译文：最近，研究人员在检查房屋建筑时发现，即使建筑业的工作很复杂，但在得克萨斯州的休斯敦市，那些不识字、不会说英语的墨西哥个人却始终能达到劳动生产率的标准。

分析：本句的主干部分是：…the researchers discovered that…。

动词discovered的宾语是由that引导的宾语从句，在该从句中illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers是主语，in Houston, Texas做其后置定语，met是谓语动词，best-practice labor productivity standards为宾语，介词短语despite the complexity…做让步状语。

句首的“wh ile + 现在分词短语( examining housing construction)”结构做整个句子的时间状语。

To read such books today is to marvel at the fact thattheir learned contents were once deemed suitable主语系动词表语同位语从句for publication in general-circulation dailies。

考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved ; the limbic system (the 〃emotional brain " ) is especially active , while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning ) is relatively quiet. 〃 We wake up from dreams happy and depressed , and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.结构：•But not all parts of the brain ［主］are equally involved ［谓(被)］;the limbic system ( the 〃 emotional brain ")［主［is ［系］especially active ［表］,•while the prefrontal cortex ( the center of intellect andreasoning )［主［is ［系］relatively quiet ［表］.•〃 We ［主］wake up ［谓］from dreams happy and depressed ［状］,and those feelings ［主］can stay with ［谓］us all day［宾］.〃says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. WilliamDementThose suffering from persistent nightmares ［谓］should seek ［谓］help from a therapist ［谓］.•For the rest of us z the brain ［谓］has ［谓］its ways of working through bad feelings .•Sleep寸亩入语：or rather dream•on it and you' II feel better in the morning词组：At the end最后最终Pay attention to 关注Keep from组织抑制Wake up醒来唤醒Suffer from忍受遭受受.之苦The rest of剩余的其余的Work through解决完成Sleep on继续睡忽略解析:unless引导条件状语从句两个破折号之间是插入语天结束之后，我们可能完全没有理由去关注我们梦，除非它让我们失眠，或直译:者"让我们从痛苦中醒来"C说。

2019考研英语长难句语法每日一练王欢【每日一练】This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.（2005年翻译48题）（一）词汇解析：（1）alone：如果放在代词或名词后，意为“仅仅、单单”；（2）demonstrate:证明，证实，说明；（3）television business：电视行业，这里的business考察的是熟词僻义，意为“行业”，相当于industry或field，business除了本意“商业”外，还考察过“任务、职责”的意思；（4）survive in：存活、幸存；（5）underline：强调，表示这一含义的同意表达还有highlight、emphasize、stress；（6）out of：在……中、从……中；（7）took a loss：亏损。

（二）句子解析：（1）that the television business is not an easy world to survive in：放在了主句谓语动词demonstrate后面，为宾语从句；（2）a fact underlined by statistics：a fact后面的过去分词短语与前面的名词fact形成了一种被动关系，因此可判断underlined by statistics这部分做了后置定语来修饰名词fact，可翻译为“数据强调了这一事实”；（3）that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989：第一个that因在从句中充当成分（主语），因此可判断其为定语从句，修饰限定的是前面的名词statistics，而当定语从句的单词数量明显大于8个单词时，我们可以将其独立成句来进行翻译，可理解为“数据表明……”，而第二个that放在了定语从句中的谓语动词show后，为宾语从句；（三）参考译文：仅仅这一点就证明了电视行业并不是一个容易存活的领域。

2019考研英语二 text2 长难句一、文章导读在2019年的考研英语二中，text2部分涉及了很多长难句的表达，这些长难句对于学生来说可能会造成一定的困扰。

本文将对text2中的长难句进行分析和解读，帮助考生更好地理解和掌握这部分内容。

二、长难句解析1. “However, because many of these studies that were published had methodological problems, it is impossible to say with confidence whether the benefits are indeed brought about by the pet, or whether the association is due to other factors.”这是一个典型的由多个从句构成的长句，其中包含了原因、结果和转折等不同的语法成分。

首先是由"However"引导的转折状语从句，然后是一个由"because"引导的原因状语从句，接着是一个由"that were published"引导的定语从句，最后是一个由"whether...or"引导的宾语从句。

整个句子结构复杂，需要理清各个从句的逻辑关系才能准确理解。

2. “Indeed, given the reservations above, one would wonder how animals could possibly have such a positive effect on health.”这句话主要包含了条件状语从句和宾语从句。

由"Indeed"引导的状语从句表达了转折的语气，而"given the reservations above"则是一个由"given"引导的介词短语作伴随状语。

2019考研英语：长难句七月份每日一句解析（2）
2019考研英语：长难句七月份每日一句解析（2），更多2019考研复习指导等信息，请及时关注点击查看：2019考研英语：长难句七月份每日一句解析汇总
( 真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text1 第3段第4句)
 Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.
 译文：几周之内，世界上最大的两家拍卖行苏富比和佳士得，必须支付近两亿美元的担保费给那些已把作品交给他们出售的客户。

 分析：本句的主语是the world’s two biggest auction houses,后紧跟同位语，解释主语，之后跟着谓语和宾语。

宾语是双宾语结构，nearly $200m in guarantees为直接宾语，其中in guarantees是nearly $200m的后置定语;间接宾语是clients。

二级结构是一个定语从句，修饰先行词clients。

本句的难点在于分析出同位语，辨析间接宾语和直接宾语，以及对定语从句这一修饰成。

考研英语长难句分析详解及阅读解析，必考点[名师版]Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty.1. 本句话的谓语动词为can hinder，主语从前往后找为transient investors，宾语a firm’s efforts；2. 主谓之间出现了一个who引导的从句，为定语从句，用来修饰主语，理解时需要前置；3. 宾语后有to do不定式的并列作定语用来修饰前面的名词efforts，理解时可以前置4. 要求公司获得高季度利润的临时投资者可能会阻碍公司投资长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力。

Grade inflation—the gradual increase in average GPAs (grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased.1. 本句主干的谓语动词为is，主语Grade inflation，主谓之间有破折号引出的内容为同位语，对主语进行解释说明；2. 主句部分出现了多个短语做修饰，宾语后of a consumer era为介词短语作定语修饰product，in higher education 为介词短语也是用来稀释前门面的product；3. 同位语部分，有in的介词短语，以及over引导的介词短语，分别为修饰语，理解时需要前置4. 后半句有一个in which引导的定语从句，通过语义可判断用来修饰consumer era，从句最后面to be pleased为to do不定式用来修饰customers；5. 成绩通胀，即：过去几十年中平均GPA（平均绩点）的逐渐增加，通常被认为是高等教育消费时代的产物，在这种时代，学生被视为需要被取悦的客户。

（全）考研英语：长难句翻译-真题结构解析+总结考研英语：长难句翻译-真题结构解析+总结真题实战His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.结构分析这个句⼦是⼀个复合句，主句部分是His function is analogous to that of a judge。

其后who must accept the obligation 是⼀个定语从句。

obligation 后⾯的of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision的难点是in as obvious a manner as possible，这段状语的位置有点乱放，⽤改放到句末去，也就是说这段的顺序是of revealing the course of reasoning which led him to his decision in as obvious a manner as possible。

词汇释义function n. 作⽤，职责analogous a. 相似的，类似的judge n. 法官，裁判员obligation n. 义务，责任reveal v. 揭露，显露拆分翻译His function is analogous to that of a judge,/ /他的职责与法官相似who must accept the obligation / /必须承担这样的责任of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning/ /以⼀种尽可能清楚明⽩的⽅式来展⽰推理的过程which led him to his decision.导致他做出决定参考译⽂他的职责与法官相似，必须承担这样的责任：⽤尽可能清楚明⽩的⽅式来展⽰⾃⼰做出决定的推理过程。

考研英语长难句重点难点解析含译文翻译But meals were nicer; and as for sweets, I won't tell you how cheap and good they were, because it would only make your mouth water in vain.不过，膳食要好一些；至于糖果嘛，我不想告诉你那有多便宜、多好吃，因为那只能使你白白地流口水。

--《纳尼亚传奇》"流口水"-- make your mouth water, "白白地流口水"-- make your mouth water in vain.我们来用这两个短语仿写几个句子：The smell of the cooked fish made my mouth water.做好的鱼那味道把我馋得直流口水。

Does it make your mouth water?馋得口水都留出来了吧？再来学习vain这个单词，它有"徒劳的，自负的，虚荣的"意思：I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy.我认为他浅薄虚荣，不可信任。

Police searched in vain for the missing gunman.警方搜寻失踪的持枪歹徒，但毫无结果。

She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears.她紧紧地闭上眼睛，想忍住眼泪，但眼泪还是禁不住往下流。

All our efforts were in vain.我们所有的努力都白费了。

Have you been taking my name in vain again?你又在滥用我的名义吧？Are you going to take the name of the Lord in vain when you do?你这么做，打算让他们骂你吗?"Adventure is out there!" Muntz exclaimed into the camera. He lowered his goggles over his eyes and gave a thumbs-up."探险就要开始了！"蒙兹对着镜头欢呼道。

1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise thanan intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的〔后天习得的〕Intuitive 先天的与以上这组单词概念一样的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。

主干识别：句子的主语是This success与later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干构造是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than构造翻译为与其说，不如说。

微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比拟长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success与动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。

译文赏析：这种成功与后来说明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。

2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现与找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。

英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

五种基本句式如下：1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。

下面分类解析：1、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)2、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness,sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空)3、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。