2019版二轮复习英语通用版讲义：第三板块NO.2再研考点第一层级第四讲动词含答案

第二讲定语从句一、明备考方向(一)who, whom, whose引导定语从句的用法1．先行词是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that，关系词不可省略；关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，用whom/who/that，关系词可以省略。

2．先行词those后常用who引导定语从句。

3．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，如果先行词指人，用whom指代人且不能省略。

4．whose引导定语从句时，作定语，且不能省略。

I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的同校同学成了好朋友。

I have many friends to whom I'm going to send post cards.我要寄贺卡给我的很多朋友。

The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.这家主要顾客是学生的校内商店，放假时关闭。

点津：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution.汤姆是这些工程师中唯一一个想出解决方法的人。

(二)that, which 引导定语从句的用法1．that 引导定语从句既可指人又可指物，指人时通常可与who, whom 互换，指物时通常可与which 互换。

在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。

2．定语从句中用that 不用which 的情况：(1)当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词或被它们修饰时。

第四讲　名词性从句1．(2016·江苏高考，21)It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A．why　B．whatC．as D．thatD　[考查主语从句。

句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能。

分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，故选D项。

It is often the case that...可视为固定句式，意为“通常情况下……”。

] 2．(2015·江苏高考，25)________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.A．That B．WhyC．Where D．HowC　[考查名词性从句引导词的选择。

句意：中国的大诗人李白的出生地众所周知，但有些人还不认可。

分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet是Li Bai 的同位语，where Li Bai...was born是主语从句，表示“李白出生的地方”。

] 3．(2014·江苏高考，26)—What a mess！You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame，mum.I am ________ you have made me.A．how B．whatC．that D．whoB　[考查名词性从句引导词的选择。

句意：“真是一团糟！你总是这么懒惰！”“妈妈，我不应该受到责备。

我这个样子都是你一手造就的。

”分析句子结构可知，I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作me的补足语，相当于the one/person that，即I am the one/person that you have made me.。

2019年高考英语二轮复习讲义第三板块no.2再研考点第二层级_第2讲【定语从句】一、明备考方向语法填空常考点短文改错常考点写作常用句式1.关系代词who,whom, whose,which, that,as的用法；2.关系副词where,when, why的用法；3.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。

1.引导非限制性定语从句该用which而误用其他关系词(如that)；2.关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that的缺失；3.关系代词who,whom的错用；4.先行词是人或物时，关系代词who,which的错用；5.关系代词as的错用；6.关系副词和关系代词的误用；7.人称代词与关系代词的误用。

1.As we all know.../As is known to all...“众所周知……”2.As sb.puts it...“按照某人所说的……”3.such...as...“像……这样的……”4.the same...as.../the same as...“像……一样的”5.one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中的一个”6.the only one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句“……中唯一的一个”7.由which引导的非限制性定语从句。

...,which...(which代替上文整句话，译为“这一点”)二、攻重点难点(一)who,whom,whose引导定语从句的用法1．先行词是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that，关系词不可省略；关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，用whom/who/that，关系词可以省略。

2．先行词those后常用who引导定语从句。

3．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，如果先行词指人，用whom指代人且不能省略。

4．whose引导定语从句时，作定语，且不能省略。

I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的同校同学成了好朋友。

2019 届高考英语二轮考点分析卷（一）1、 "Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher." You might think thatWinston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professorat Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years MarchCpossibly thewisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience.He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:"Experience is respected; experience is sought; experience is explained.” The problem is that learning fr experience involves( 波及 ) serious complications( 复杂化 ),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself andwhich March discusses in the body of this book.In one interesting part of the book, for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the mosteffective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of thecomplicated truth of things. He says,‘‘ The more精准地accurately)realit is( presented,the less understandable thestory; and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth ofviews he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding: Don’for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.1.According to the text,James March is _________.A.a poet who uses experience in his writingB.a teacher who teaches story writing in universityC.a researcher who studies the way humans think and actD.a professor who helps organizations make important decisions2.According to James March, experience ________.A.is overvaluedB.is easy to explainC.should be actively soughtD.should be highly respected3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A.Experience makes stories more accurate.B.Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.C.The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.D.Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.4.What ’ s the purpose of this text?A.To introduce a book.B.To describe a researcher.C.To explain experiential learning.D.To discuss organizational decision making.2、The Brown BearMy wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home inAlaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting,“ Dad! The bear is right behindivebearus!will”usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent andits ears pinned back---- the sign( 迹象 ) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bearbehaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod( 三脚架 ) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head waslevel with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supportingits weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand littlechance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightlyon the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouthand I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling(扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, assuddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for anotherattack— The first time I felf panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My armwas injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have b een better. I’ m proud that my family reminded-headedclearwhen panic could have led to a very different outcome.1.The brown bear approached the family in order to _______.A.catch shore birdsB.start an attackC.protect the childrenD.set up a barrier for itself2.The bear finally went away after it _______.A.felt safeB.got injuredC.found some foodD.took away the camera3.The writer and his family survived mainly due to their ______.3、Square dancing is a form of entertainment and physical exercise, which is a good thing. However, a group ofsenior Chinese ladies dancing in New York’ s Sunset Park were recently faced with noise complaints from nearby residents. The local court even served a summons (传票 ) related to a certain Ms. Wang.The news soon caused heated discussion across China, with many believing the incident to involve a culturalconflict between the East and West, while others view it as a form of discrimination against Chinese in the UnitedStates.The United States is a diverse society, and in many cases, Chinese dancers are tolerated and even appreciated. Meanwhile, the United States is a society based on the rule of law, and due to cultural differences, local regulationsseem to be very different from those in China. As a result, some old Chinese ladies dancing in New YorkPark found themselves caught in an embarrassing situation. Locals and immigrants from other nations view suchnoise as a violation of their right to enjoy tranquility. Calling the police is regarded as the most efficient way tosolve such a problem.Before, these ladies probably did not understand local customs and rules. However, since the incident took place,they should perhaps know a little better next time and keep the noise to a minimum. People from different nationsare often supposed to reach compromises, respecting and tolerating each other.3Whatever your choice of entertainment, it is important not to affect other people dancing is only’ s lives. Square one of many activities during which people should mind their behavior.As for U.S. police practice, there might still be some room for improvement. Some were said to be rather rude,leading to the so- called“ racial discrimination,ch is a sensitive”whi topic in U.S. society.If the involved parties could be more tolerant, and solve such problems without involving the court, perhapsimmigrants would mix more.1.The writer mentions the incident in Paragraph 1 to __________.A.make complaintsB.show his opinionC.criticize the local policeD.bring up the topic2.What will the senior Chinese ladies most probably do after the incident?A.Ask America to change its law.B.Keep the noise lower.C.Go back to China.D.Fight for their right.3.What ’ s the writer’ s attitude towards senior Chinese ladies dancing in New York’ s Sunset Park?A.He strongly supports the action of the local police.B.He considers it a shame for senior Chinese ladies to do so.C.He thinks all parties involved should be more tolerant.D.He suggests such kind of problem should be solved in the court.4.Where could this passage most likely be taken from?A.a story bookB.a brochureC.a complaint letterD.a newspaper4、 Most artists have a favorite material they like to work with. For 28-year-old Kristen Alice, it happens to begarbage. The eco-friendly designer uses her incredible talent to transform garbage like empty drink bottles andcandy wrappers into charming dresses that sell for thousands of dollars.Kristen says the idea came to her after she saw how much waste she and her three college roommates generatedon a daily basis. The Fine Arts student began to dream about transforming the deserted bags and packages intobeautiful garments.Her first dress made from plastic bags and rolled magazines was strange, fun and even charming. However,she only made it to test her creativity.The young designer did not consider starting a commercial venture( 公司 ) until she spent a week working atCouture Fashion Week in New York City. There she observed the excitement generated by new and vintage(复古的) looks and decided to see if her unusual idea would result in as much enthusiasm. She began by creating a line of 12 garbage-inspired dresses. They were a huge success.Today her company that has offices in Palm Beach, Florida and New York City, produces a wide variety ofdresses ranging from cocktail dresses to ball gowns( 制服 ). Kristen,of course,doesn’ t search garbage cans for her material anymore. Instead, she seeks it from companies that have produced more than they need and are planning tothrow away the extras.However, if you think the garbage-inspired dresses come cheap, think again. The price for readymade creationsretails( 零售 ) from $ 500 to $ 1,500. Though that may appear expensive, the designer says she has no shortage of customers. In fact, she now even has garbage-inspired clothing for men that includes jackets, ties, trousers and evenboard shorts! While most of the clothes are strong enough to resist multiple wears, whether they can be cleaned is alittle unclear.1.What made Kristen think of using trash as her favorite material?A.Her poor living conditions at college.B.The education from her parents not to waste anything useful.C.Her roommates’ adviceusingof garbage to replace ordinary material.D.Her consciousness of environmental protection and trained eyes.2.Kristen decided to start a commercial venture because ________.A.she just wanted to test her creativityB.she was inspired by the enthusiasm caused by new and vintage dressesC.she was driven by the huge profits brought by new fashionD.she found there were no unique-looking but affordable clothes in New York3.The last two paragraphs are mainly about _________.A.the success of Kristen's careerB.what clothing Kristen mainly designedC.where Kristen got garbage for her clothingD.the advantages and disadvantages of the garbage-inspired clothing4.What is the best title of the passage? A.New Use of Garbage.B.A New Trend of Fashion.C.A Talented and Ambitious Fashion Designer.D.Transforming Trash into Wonderful Garments.5、As a parent, you must have a lot of concerns regarding the various skills you would like your child toacquire.Music is one of them. ① __________On the other hand, it is grea t for a child’ s overall development if he or she has an interest in the fine arts.②__________It is well known that they stay out of trouble as teenagers and young adults if they have music asa serious interest.The concentration helps them with their grades.Their learning and communication skills are betterthan those of their peer group.They also develop lots of confidence and self-esteem.Another advantage of your child learning music becomes obvious only at a later stage.③ __________It can bevery beneficial and many top musicians had a very early exposure to music and credit this with their later successes.You can start when your child is only a baby, by exposing him or her to a wide range of music at home.④__________And you could sustain ( 保持 ) your child’ s interest by having the both of you singing together.Some parents start their children on a musical instrument as early as 3 years of age.This is great if the child ishaving a good time.It goes without saying that you should not have to drag your child to lessons.You can be surethat nothing productive will come out of it. ⑤ __________.If you start your child on music lesson by the age of 5, taking care to encourage her and not to push her, yourchild will grow up into an accomplished adult with a well-rounded personality.A.It can have good effects on your child.B.That is why many people make a selection of music as a career.C.And your child will have a lifelong dislike of music.D.Otherwise you’ ll completely spoil your childfuture.’ sE.You could ensure that there is a song or melody playing in the background.F.There are a couple of advantages of teaching children to play a musical instrument.G.On the one hand, it can encourage your child’ s creativity and natural hobby.66、阅读下边短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A,B,C 和 D) 中 ,选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项。

年高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空习题讲【利用词汇复现解题】词汇复现是指某一个词以原词，或同近义词如与、同根词如与、上下义词如是的下义词，是利用词汇的上义词、反义词如与等方式在同一语篇中重复出现复现解题的现象。

词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。

我们在解答完形填空题时，要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇复现解题。

．原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现典例全·国卷Ⅰ“”．．．．分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。

根据文章首句中的“‘’” 可知，“ 我”设法在那门“ 课程” 上获得了，此处是的原词复现，故选项。

．同近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现典例全·国卷Ⅲ，’’．．．．1分析：本题可以利用近义词复现解题。

根据上文中的“”可知，此处填入的词应与“欣喜若狂的” 在语义范畴上一致，故选项。

．同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现典例·京高考北’’’．．．．分析：本题可以利用同根词复现解题。

根据选文第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，切断了小镇与世界的联系，故汽车和马无法在满是雪的道路上行进，空格处与第一段最后一个单词是同根词复现。

故选。

．上下义词复现——总括与分述的词汇复现典例·国卷全Ⅱ’—‘’’—’．．．．分析：本题可以利用上下义词复现解题。

根据下文“ 她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她的’ 我在这里为你我服务’的态度” 等表明瑞妮很友好，故选。

其中，等是下义词具体行为，是上义词概括。

．反义词典例·国卷全Ⅱ动词．．2．．分析：本题可以利用反义词复现解题。

根据前面的虽然可知，空格处应填与无聊的，枯燥无味的意思上相反的词，表示“ 有趣的，令人快乐的” 。

故选。

铺阴影的题目为“ 可利用词汇复现解题”体裁话题词数限时议论文道歉分钟’“I”琐碎的，“，”“I’”，接受者’，，，’语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。

不找任何借口，带着诚意与尊重为自己的过失道歉，不仅会减少一个敌人，而且会多交一个朋友。

晨背系列二阅读中的常见词汇(一)依据前后缀归类记单词[前缀——置于词根之前并改变原词义的构词成分]1．否定前缀[un-]uneasy心神不安的unfortunately不幸地unhealthy不健康的unnecessary不必要的unwise不明智的①I felt uneasy at the presence of so many strangers.面对这么多陌生人，我感觉很不自在。

②Unfortunately, the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over the country.不幸的是，干旱的灾难性影响遍及全国各地。

③Although sparrows showed no sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state.虽然麻雀数量没有减少的迹象，但食物链还是总体处于不健康的状态。

[non-]nonprofit非营利性的nonliving无生命的nonserious不要紧的nonverbal非言辞的①An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with one another.生态系统包括同一地区内相互影响的生物和非生物。

②In fact, one of the best definitions of a sense of humour is “the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation”．事实上，关于幽默感的最好的定义之一就是“能看到情况还没那么糟糕的能力”。

[im- (in-，ir-)]impatience不耐烦impossible不可能的improperly不适当地impractical不现实的independence独立irregularly不规则地①A serious study of physics is impossible without some knowledge of mathematics.不了解数学就不可能深入研究物理。

2019届高考英语二轮往届真题回顾：情态动词与虚拟语气（含答案解析）情态动词与虚拟语气——使表达得体、含蓄1．(2018·北京，35)—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain.—Well, I don't know.It________do.A．might B．need C．would D．should解析考查情态动词。

第一个人说不会下雨，第二个人回答I don't know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”。

答案 A2．(2018·辽宁，31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He________too much at the party last night.A．could drink B．should drinkC．would have drunk D．must have drunk解析考查情态动词。

此处考查情态动词对过去发生事情的推测。

句意：Harry感觉不舒服。

昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝得不少。

对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done，故选D。

答案 D3．(2018·四川，5)—Why are your eyes so red？You________have slept well last night.—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．won't解析考查情态动词。

根据语境“眼睛那么红，昨晚不可能睡得很好”可知，此处考查情态动词can的否定式can't表推测，意为“不可能”。

can't have done表示对过去的推测，意为“过去不可能……”。

2019届高考英语二轮考点解析卷（四）1、When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.Helene and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn’t have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny’s mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, “Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business.”Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans’ corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.1.Helene tied several chopsticks together to show _____.A.the strength of family unityB.the difficulty of growing upC.the advantage of chopsticksD.the best way of giving a lesson2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the An family _____.A.started a business in 1975B.left Vietnam without much moneyC.bought a restaurant in San FranciscoD.opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles3.What can we infer about the An daughters?A.They did not finish their college education.B.They could not bear to work in the family business.C.They were influenced by what Helene taught them.D.They were troubled by disagreement among family members.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.How to Run a CorporationB.Strength Comes from PeaceC.How to Achieve a Big DreamD.Family Unity Builds Success2、You’ll be re-directed to our Irish Fest Ticketing Store, which will feature all of 2018’s ticketing options. Buying online will save you the time of waiting in line at the ticket window. Your admission to the festival includes all of the musical acts, cultural exhibits, children’s activities and more! Questions? Contact us at info@.Daily Ways to Save*Any and all active ( 现役) military members will receive free admission to the festival, any day, with valid ID, plus one guest, at any gate ticket window [where you will receive your free ticket].Thank you for your service to our country.Failte Club VIP Experience~NEWExperience Irish Fest in an exclusive setting! Invite your friends and be a part of the Failte Club VIP Experience! Your Failte Club ticket includes 2 complimentary beverages (beer, wine, soda, water), an incredible view of the Miller Lite stage from the Upper Deck, a private bar for additional beverages, including Jameson Whiskey and private restrooms!*Wheel chair accessible* Thursday: $15 (Hours 5-10 pm) Friday: $30 (Hours 5-12 am) Saturday: $35 (Hours 2-12 am) - SOLD OUT Sunday: $30 (Hours 12-8:30 pm)4-Day VIP Pass: $79Group Ticket Sales InformationSave some green with group ticket sales available through July 31, 2018.26-99 tickets are $15 each; 100+ tickets are $13 each.Call the CelticMKE [Irish Fest] Center at 414-476-3378 for more information.Notice on Counterfeit TicketsMilwaukee Irish Fest strongly urges all customers to avoid purchasing tickets on the street from unauthorized sources, as the tickets may be counterfeit.For your own protection, tickets should only be purchased at Milwaukee Irish Fest ticket booths, or the Milwaukee Irish Fest Center in Wauwatosa. Counterfeit tickets and tickets purchased from unauthorized sources will not be honored.1.Which of the following is true?A.Anyone who served in the army can receive free admission to the fest.B.People can buy a FailteC.lub ticket for any of the four days right now.C. A group of 30 will spend $390 on their tickets for the fest altogether.D.4-Day VIP Pass holder can have an extremely good view of the stage.2.The underlined word “counterfeit” in the last part most probably means “”.A.second-handB.falseC.undatedD.discounted3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To persuade people to go to Milwaukee Irish Fest.B.To make Milwaukee Irish Fest better known.C.To inform people of ticketing and discounting.D.To talk about how the festival is organized.3、Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary(讣告) in the local newspaper. This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who wasreading it, that he was dead. The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludwig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away,and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary : The Merchant of Death Is Dead. Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer(武器制造商).This incident got him thinking about his reputation. What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”? It was this thought that led him to leave his money一a huge amount of it—for the founding of the famous Nobel Prizes. His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest(追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace. Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901. The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes. There is often protest(抗议) at the award of the peace prize when not everyone thinks that the award-winners deserve the award. Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers. The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust,for example,were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part of the awards don’t cause many complaints. Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind" and few would disagree that most of the prize winners—among them. Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King— have made contributions that deserved to be honored and remembered.1.How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?A.Sad and worried.B.Shocked and upset.C.Surprised and confused.D.Amused and puzzled.2.What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?A.Seek excellence in the sciences,B.Donate all his money to the charity.C.Stop producing any killing weapons.D.Set up the Nobel Prizes with his money.3.Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust?A.To show the controversy of some Nobel Prizes.B.To give examples of influential Nobel Prizes.C.To explain the standard of giving out the Nobel Prizes.D.To prove the influence of the Nobel Prizes on literature.4.What does the author think of the Nobel Prizes?A.There should be more female winners.B.There are too many controversial winners.C.They have honored many worthy winners.D.The committee should be more selective.4、It is safe to say that George Bernard Shaw(1856—1950),the Irish-born writer,is more famous for being George Bernard Shaw than he is for his writings today. Few of Shaw’s more than 60 plays,novels and essays are performed or read anymore. And yet Shaw genuinely helped make our modern world. Although you'd be lucky to get a chance to see one of his dramas today, in his time he turned the theater into a vehicle for the discussion of social issues, not only in Britain but on the stage of the world. In a way Shaw was someone who created the modern culture of Britain.Where the theater had been dominated by entertainment,Shaw used it to teach people the importance of paying attention to the issues of their day. The plight(苦难) of the poor and the working class,the situation of women and the institutions of society,such as the education system 一Shaw was among the most well-known figures making these topics central to public debate. His first play, Widoxvers' Houses (1892) 9 deals with the question of slum(贫民窟) housing. His Mrs Warren's Profession(1893) brought a controversial topic to the stage.Shaw was an important mover and shaker in new political movements too. He was an early member of the Fabian Society, which argued for the socialist cause in the UK. Shaw was also the founder (in 1895) of one of the now most famous colleges in the world, the London School of Economics.If few of his works have really stood the test of time, many of his quotations have become part of the furniture of the English language. “Youth is wasted on the young,” he wrote. He also knew how to sum up a political philosophy(哲学) in a few memorable words. For instance: “A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul.1.Shaw's influence on the modern world comes mainly from __________.A.the changes he brought to the British cultureB.his philosophies on the role of governmentC.his awareness of social problems of his dayD.the support for the London School of Economics2.Widowers' Houses is a play that mainly focuses on ______.A.the failure of the UK education systemB.the housing problems of poor peopleC.robbery incidents in slum areasD.socialist movements in the UK3.By describing Shaw’s quotations as “part of the furniture of the English language”,the author means that Shaw’s words ________.A.have become the best part of EnglishB.have greatly developed the English languageC.have made the English language philosophicalD.have become an inseparable part of the English language4.Which of the following about George Bernard Shaw's works is TRUE?A.They should be adapted for modern readers.B.They are mostly about the lives of working class.C.They deal with important social issues of their day.D.Most of them are still performed on the stage of the world today.5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

第五讲特殊句式一、明备考方向语法填空常考点短文改错常考点写作常用句式1.强调句型中的that/who；2.there be句型中的be的形式；3.部分倒装与全部倒装中谓语的形式；4.祈使句中的谓语动词形式。

1.强调句中that和who的误用；2.there be句型中be与have的误用或错用；3.倒装句中助动词或系动词的缺失或误用；4.感叹句中what和how的误用；5.祈使句中动词原形的误用。

1.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句2.there is no point/sense in doing sth.“做某事没有意义”3.there is (no) difficulty in doing sth.“做某事(没)有困难”4.there is (no) possibility of (doing)sth./that ...“(做)某事(没)有可能性”5.there is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”6.there is no need to do ...“没必要做……”7.there is no denying that ...“不可否认……”8.It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...二、攻重点难点强调句型1．强调句型基本结构为“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分”，在理解强调句时，考生要注意以下几点：(1)强调句型可强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词(如强调谓语动词，常借助于do/does/did)、表语(主语补语)、让步状语、条件状语等。

连接词一般用that，如被强调的部分指人时，可用who/that，其他一律用that。

(2)判断是否是强调句，就是看把句子中的“It is/was和that/who”去掉之后，句子是否成立。

若句子依然成立，则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。

(3)强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？(4)强调句的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他部分？(5)含not ... until ...的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。

专题四　语 法 填 空最易得分的题型，但要求扎实的基础知识[2017年全国卷考情导向](对应学生用书第40页)模式1| 有提示词[命题角度]动词的时态和语态非谓语动词形容词转换副词形容词、副词的比较级名词、代词的数和格词汇派生考查动词八种时态和语态的基本构成形式。

考查动词的­ing ，­ed 形式和不定式形式。

　考查形容词后加­ly 或­ily 变为副词。

考查形容词、副词变为比较级的基本构成形式。

考查单数名词变成复数名词的基本构成形式。

考查加前缀或后缀转化而来的派生词。

[考题感悟]1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However, be (care) not to go to extremes.careful [考查派生词。

be 后应接形容词作表语，故填careful 。

]2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This development was only possible with the(introduce) of electric­powered engines and lifts.introduction　[考查派生词。

冠词后表示“介绍”应用名词形式，故填introduction。

]3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.invitations　[考查名词的数。

several几个，其后的名词要用复数形式，故填invitations。

]4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.are removed　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。