新高考2021届高考英语小题必练13阅读理解之细节理解题

1.正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。

2.英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同，能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。

3.阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常检测的一种能力。

1. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测【典例1】（2020·某某卷C篇节选）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.What does the underlined word “that”in paragraph 2 refer to?A Developing a serious mental disease.B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题。

细节线索题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。

解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。

1.词汇复现法【典例】(2020·全国1卷七选五节选)Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop paring yourself with others.G. When does the parison game start?【答案】A【解析】上文feel unworthy, don't feel good enough和feeling upset表达的意思相近，都是负面的感受，故选A项。

【点拨】复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。

复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。

1.（2020·新课标I）1992年，墨西哥签订《北美自由贸易协定》以后，又制定了一系列负面清单，如规定外资占商业银行的投资比例不得高于普通股本的30%，外资不得经营内陆港口、海运及空港等。

这些规定旨在（）A．发展国家特色产业B．改善对外贸易的机制和环境C．保障国家经济安全D．巩固区域经济集团化的成果【答案】C【解析】墨西哥的一系列规定是限制外资在国家经济中的比重，从而避免出现外资控制国家经济的状况，目的在于保障国家经济安全，故选C；限制外资不一定能够发展国家特色产业，排除A；墨西哥是在限制外资，不是改善对外贸易的机制和环境，排除B；材料反映的是墨西哥国内的经济措施，没有涉及区域经济集团化的内容，排除D。

故选C。

2.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）1958年，美苏签订“文化、技术和教育领域的交流协议”。

两国展开了一系列文化往来，赴美的苏联学者90%为科学家、工程师，而赴苏联的美国学者90%是人文社会科学领域的专家。

这表明（）A. 美国旨在缓和与苏联的紧张关系B. 经济全球化的进程进一步加快C. 冷战格局下美苏交流与对抗并存D. 苏联旨在对美国输出先进科技【答案】C【解析】结合所学知识可知，二战后由于国家利益和意识形态的差异，美苏两国关系由战时同盟走向了敌对，形成了战后两极对峙的格局。

因此根据材料关键信息“1958年”、“美苏签订‘文化、技术和教育领域的交流协议’”可以判断出美苏两国在战后对抗的格局下又存在交流，C正确；材料体现的是美苏双方之间的交流协议，并非是单纯的美国一方，A排除；材料反映的是美苏之间的交流，不能体现经济全球化的发展，B排除；D说法明显不符合美苏之间对抗的史实，排除。

故选C。

1．“全世界都在努力生产美元能够购买的商品，而美国则负责生产美元……以印刷品的价格换取石油。

”这种情况源于（）A．美国是战后世界超级大国B．“关贸总协定”的签署C．“布雷顿森林体系”确立D．战后美国经济的持续发展【答案】C【解析】根据所学知识可知，在二战之后，美国建立了以美元为中心的布雷顿森林体系，通过“双挂钩一固定”的运行机制，美元成为国际货币体系和国际贸易体系中的唯一货币，这与题干中“美国负责生产美元”、“全世界都在努力生产美元能够购买的商品”等所述现象一致，故选C项；美国之所以能够确立战后资本主义世界经济体系的主导地位，其主要原因是美国是战后世界超级大国，而题干所述现象的主要原因是战后美国建立了以它为主导的布雷顿森林体系，这两个原因是不一样的，排除A项；“关贸总协定”是关于世界贸易领域的组织，而题干所述现象是关于世界货币体系的，排除B项；美国经济在20世纪70年代之后就已经出现相对衰弱现象，并且“战后美国经济的持续发展”与题干内容没有关系，排除D项。

（9）广东省2021届高三年级上学期调研考试之B篇 Every year, countless individuals are impacted by cancer. Our goal is to walk away from cancer as we give strength to those fighting this life-threatening disease. Walk Cancer Away invites everyone to participate in our annual family friendly walk event and join together to share the strong will power found inside each of us with those around us. With each step we take, with each story shared, and with each donation made we are one step closer to finding a cure. To date, we have raised over $ 700,000 for Dr. Nancy Kemeny’s Colorectal(结肠直肠的) Research Fund at Memorial Slogan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), together with thousands of people supporting this cause over the last 12 years we are committed to. Walk Cancer Away began as a walk-in honor of James N. Rentas. Deeply influenced by his loss due to colorectal cancer, the Rentas family came together 12 years ago to help others who are suffering the disease. Dr. Nancy Kemeny at Memorial Slogan Kettering Cancer Center, who was the doctor treating James N, Rentas, mirrors that same goal. Her efforts and that of her team at MSKCC are focused on researching to overcome the disease and find a cure. Together, they have made great achievements over the years and have provided years of life for those who face adversity. In many cases, their continued efforts have led to full remission of the cancer in patients. With the deepest gratitude we are thankful to all those who support and participate in the event each year, because without you this would not be possible. Although Walk Cancer Away started just 12 years ago, we are forever honored to be able to join in this event that so many of us find so close to our hearts. We ask you, your family, and your friends to join in this year’s Walk Cancer Away Event. 4. What does Walk Cancer Away intend to do? A. To contact those suffering from cancer. B. To share experiences from cancer victims. C. To give money to cancer patients’ family. D. To find a way to defeat cancer at length. 5. What do we know about James N. Rentas according to Para. 2? A. He died of cancer. B. He donated his fortune. C. He did research on cancer. D. He founded Walk Away Cancer. 6. Dr. Nancy and her team at MEKCC have provided years of life for those facing . A. an unfavorable situation from nature B. a serious disease hard to cure

2021版高考英语一轮复习Section13阅读补全（七选五）解题技巧1．阅读时不能仅仅注重文章细节，更应该注意文章的布局。

2．注意句子之间的逻辑关系(是总依旧分？是主旨依旧细节？)。

3．注意段落间的逻辑关系(转折？递进？总结？举例？……)。

4．将历届高考试题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰的说明文或议论文。

5．“七选五”的解题策略(1)从意思上判定在做题时最重要的是要读明白空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后依照意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。

在读明白意思的基础上，利用线索词等进一步确认答案。

(2)从词汇上锁定线索做题时专门重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏锐，最要紧的线索词是空白前后的名词和动词，查找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。

其次是代词、数词、表示时刻/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词。

专门是在读不明白句子的情形下，利用如此的线索词查找答案是专门有效的方法。

(3)从关联词上查找由于英语的句、段之间经常会运用关联词或某些具有关联作用的副词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清晰和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时差不多上专门重要的线索。

在做题时可将这三个层面的线索专门好地结合起来。

例如，表示并列或递进关系的词，一样表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；表示转折或让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复述名词显现。

常见的关联词及有关联作用的副词或短语如下：1)并列或递进关系：and，or，also，neither...nor...，either...or...，likewise，similarly，equally，in the same way，that is to say，as well as，the same...as，besides，additionally，furthermore，moreover，in addition to，what is more等。

2021年高三英语第13次周考试题（含解析）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe Healthy Habits Survey(调查) shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?•Finding: A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day. •Step: Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes at least twicea day.2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday? •Finding: Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors remend. •Step: We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day—often inviting germs (病菌) to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot runningwater and soap for 20 seconds.3. How often do you think about fighting germs?•Finding: Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should. •Step: Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge (海绵) that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.1. What is found out about American seniors?A. Most of them have good habits.B. Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week.C. All of them are fighting germs better than expected.D. About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.2. Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands .A. twice a dayB. three times a dayC. four times a dayD. eight times a day3. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. We should keep from touching our faces.B. There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.C. A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.D. We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.4. The text probably es from .A. a guide bookB. a popular magazineC. a book reviewD. an official documentBWhen I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that particular night, the wind was really blowing. As my mom and I headed towards the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change. My mom immediately asked where they kept their things. They pointed to an old car in a parking across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car, which was the same size as my own family.My mom said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings. But she didn’t e.Later, I found out she had gone home and practically emptied our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn’t there when that part happened,but I can only imagine the joy it brought to their faces.A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remember the face of that girl who had asked us for change; she was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to dine in a restaurant and then back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister.I remember thinking that the girl didn’t have any food to eat and that she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mom had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I ever learned.5. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A. The girl’s family lived a hard life.B. The author was happy to go to a restaurant.C. The girl’s family lived in an old house.D. The author’s family was the same size as the girl.6. Which of the following best describes the a uthor’s mother?A. Reliable and determined.B. Cautious and friendly.C. Considerate and enthusiastic.D. Unusual and optimistic.7. What might be the author’s purpose by writing the text?A. To seek help for the poor family.B. To tell us to show love to others.C. To give a brief introduction of her mother.D. To plain about some social problems.CMy students often tell me that they don’t have“enough time” to do all their schoolwork.My reply is often a brief “You have as much time as the president.”I usually carry on a bit about there being twenty-four hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done.Once in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “That’s irrelevant(无关的). What’s important is the quality of your work.”Since then I have had time to think carefully about the “hard worker” dodge (诀窍) , and I have e to some conclusions—all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, of course, the matter of “time” , which we can think of as fixed. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, a s my professor suggested, it’s not how hard one works but the quality of the product that’s important.That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone’s office:“Don’t work harder. Work smarter.”There is a lot of sense in that idea.If you can’t get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means “homework” , the expression“work habits” should be readas “study habits” .Then, as a smart student, you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study, chiefly reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.8. From the passage, we know that the author is probably .A. a poetB. an educatorC. a novelistD. an engineer9. We can infer from the 2nd paragraph that we students still .A. have enough timeB. can meet the presidentC. get everything done wellD. should accept the explanation10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The author’s students make good use of their time to do all their homework.B. The author tried to tell the professor that he/she (the author) had done a good job.C. You can’t improve the quality of the work if you can’t get more time.D. You’ll try to improve your skills in reading and writing if you’rea clever student.11. What’s the passage mainly about?A. Students don’t have enough time.B. Don’t work harder; work smarter.C. No one can get more time.D. Read better and write better.DIn a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who plete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.“Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit (非盈利的) organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.12. According to this text, edX is .A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWareB. a free puter program by MIT and HarvardC. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online coursesD. a free program online for universities worldwide13. What is said about online education in the text?A. Universities have been trying online courses.B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.14. The underlined part in the text probably means .A. Get ready for the difficultiesB. Get ready for this educational changeC. Get prepared to plete the online coursesD. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses15. What can be said about MITx according to the text?A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.C. It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

三年（2021-2021）高考真题英语分项汇编专题13 阅读理解广告类、新闻类一、2020 年高考真题一、【2020·全国卷I，A】Train InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property（失物招领）Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.Public holidaysCustomers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)1.What would you do to get ticket information?A.Call 13 16 17.B. Visit .au.C. Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule.2.At which station can you find the lost property office?A.Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.3.Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A.6:42 pm.B.7:29 pm.C.8:57 pm.D.11:02 pm.二、【2020·江苏卷，A】1.What happened between January 20 and February 20?A.The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.B.The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.C.The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.D.Beijing lowered its emergency response level.2.From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?A.January 23.B. March 11.C. April 8.D. May 7.三、【2020·全国卷II，A】The Lake District Attractions GuideDalemain Mansion & Historic GardensHistory, Culture & Landscape（景观）. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00（16.00 in Oct）.House：11.15-16.00（15.00 in Oct）.Town: Pooley Bridge & PenrithAbbot Hall Art Gallery & MuseumThose viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Summer.10.30 -16.00 Winter.Town：KendalTullie House Museum & Art GalleryDiscover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.Town: CarlisleDove Cottage & The wordsworth MuseumDiscover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café.Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).Town: Grasmere21.When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?A.09.30—17.30.B.10.30—16.00.C. 11.15—16.00.D.12.00—16.30.22.What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?A.Enjoy Ronney’s works.B. Have some interactive fun.C. Attend a famous festival.D. Learn the history of a family23.Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?A.Penrith.B. Kendal.C. Carlisle.D. Grasmere.四、【2020·全国卷III，A】Journey Back in Time with ScholarsClassical Provence(13days)Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.Southern Spain(15days)Spain has lovely white towns and the scent( 芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)Discover the China of past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.Tunisia(17days)Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.21.What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？A.Historical monuments.B. Fields of flowers.C. Van Gogh’s paintings.D. Greek buildings.22.Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？A.France.B. Spain.C. China.D. Tunisia.23.Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？A.White towns.B. Underground cities.C. Tile-roofed villages.D. Rolling hills.五、【2020·新高考全国卷I（山东卷），A】POETRY CHALLENGEWrite a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.Prizes3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D. C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive aT-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.RulesFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.■W rite a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.■W rite by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.■O n the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.■M ail your entry to us by October 31 this year.1.How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?A.Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Six.2.What will each of the honorable mention winners get?A.A plane ticket.B. A book by Corinne Szabo.C. A special T-shirt.D. A photo of Amelia E arhart.3.Which of the following will result in disqualification?A.Typing your poem out.B. Writing a poem of 120 words.C. Using both sides of the paper.D. Mailing your entry on October 30.二、2019 年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I，A】Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21.What is special about Summer Company?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows one to work in the natural environment.D.It offers more summer job opportunities.22.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.23.Which program favors the disabled?A.Jobs for Youth.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.2. 【2019·全国卷II，A】My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.MatildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres，Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening，but they're also aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIt’s about two sisters-Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse ”night people” who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FynnThere was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyableThe StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.21.Who does "I" refer to in the text?A.Stephen King.B. Gillian Flynn.C. Jo Usmar.D. Roald Dahl22.Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A.Cosmopolitan.B. Matilda.C. After Dark.D. The Stand.23.What kind of book is G one Girl?)A.A folk tale.B. A biography.C. A love story.D. A horror story.3. 【2019·全国卷III，A】OPENINGS AND PREVIEWSAnimals Out of PaperYolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)The AudienceHelen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.) On the Twentieth CenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.)21.What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.A.A type of art.B. A teenager's studio.C. A great teacher.D. A group of animals.22.Who is the director of The Audience?A.Helen Mirren.B. Peter Morgan.C. Dylan Baker.D. Stephen Daldry.23.Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?A.Animals Out of Paper.B. The Audience.C. Hamilton.D. O n the Twentieth Century.4. 【2019·北京卷，A】We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers，mountain leaders，and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water，or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www Email:humanresources@31.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A.To seek local partnersB. To take in young volunteersC. To carry out programmesD. To foster cultural awareness32.The programme beginning in August will operate in .A.EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. South Afria33.The shared goal of GDA’s projects to .A.explore new culturesB. protect the environmentC. gain corporate benefitD. help communities in need5.【2019·天津卷，A】History Fair CompetitionUnderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton fiddle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting，engaging，and fun！This Year's ThemeAll participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people，technology means computers，hand-held devices，or vehicles that travel to distant planets.However，technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem，touching lives in countless ways.Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories：·P erformance·D ocumentary（纪实作品）·E ssay WritingCategory RequirementsPerformance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used，they should truly represent a given period.Documentary: A visual presentation（such as a video，slide show，or computer project）no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer，screen，projector，and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday，March 23.Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2，000 to 2，500 words. No illustrations（图解）are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.Important DatesJanuary 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. T he teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.February5Submit a first draft of your essay，performance script（剧本），or documentary highlights.February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.March 15 Performance and documentary committee previewMarch 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition7：00A. M-9：00A. M Participants signing in at the gym10：00A. M. -6：00PM. Competition and judges' review 7：00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic36.According to Paragraph 1，what is the major goal of understanding history？A.To preserve national traditions.B.To prepare for a history competition.C.To better know the present and future.D.To further explore historical mysteries.37.What is the theme of this year's competition？A.Technology advances science.B.Science interacts with technology.C.Science has made the study of history easy.D.Technology has improved the life of Americans.38.Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation areA.special clothes and a screenB.a desktop computer and a CDC.a projector and special clothesD.a desktop computer and loudspeakers39.What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?A.Include more information in the essay.B.Remove the references.C.Provide a cover for the essay.D.Explain the details with illustrations.40.What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?A.Preview performances and documentaries.B.Make comments on the materials.C.Improve the participant's first draft.D.Collect a second proposal from the participant.6. 【2019·江苏卷，A】Whatever your age or interests, Buxton hassomething to see or do to make your visit trulymemorable.High energyIf you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. Explore the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forestadventure course, or journey beneath the earth at Poole'sCavern. And don't forget: we are surrounded by a naturalplayground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing andcycling.High mindedBuxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you' llfind much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton OperaHouse & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities forthe creative person to become involved, including workshops and events.Keeping the kids happyChildren love the small train and playgrounds in thePavilion Gardens and there’s plenty more to explore atthe Buxton Museum. There's a new indoor playcentre, plus the special events and workshops, andothers during school holiday periods56.If you want to take an underground journey, which place is the best choice?A.Pole's Caven.B. Pavilion Gardens.C. Buxton Museum.D. Green Man Gallery.57.Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because i t offers .A.rides in small trainsB. courses in mod er n artsC. artistic and cultural activitiesD. basic courses in horse riding三、2018 年高考真题1. 【2018·全国卷I，A】Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experienceWashington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.2. 【2018·全国卷II，A】Summer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm the ir child’s choices.21.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A.OUT.B. WBP.C. CRF.D. POT.22.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A.Travel to London.B.See a parade and fireworks.C.Tour central Paris.D.Visit the WWI battlefields.23.How long does Potty about Potter last?A.Two days.B. Four days.C. Five days.D. One week.3. 【2018·全国卷III，A】Welcome to Holker Hall & GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm, 30th March-2nd November.Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: £12.00 £8.00Groups: £9.00 £5.50Special EventsProducers’ Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A.20 minutes.B.25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D.90 minutes.22.H ow much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Gardens?A.£l2.00.B. £9.00.C. £8.00.D. £5.50.23.W hich event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A.Producers’ Market.B. Holker Garden Festival.C. National Garden Day.D. Winter Market.4. 【2018·天津卷，A】Fire Prevention InformationFire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following: ·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorsA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:●I f your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking( 闪动),contact residence hall staff immediately.●D o not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.●I f a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.36.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A.B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A.Pipes and smoke detectors.B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull station s.38.In a fire drill, the students should .A.rush quickly to a liftB.gather at the nearest exitC.shut the door and leave at onceD.wait for instructions in the hall39.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?ing them wrongly results in punishment.B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.ing them without a trainer present is forbidden.40.To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should .A.contact the hall staff regularlyB.cover the things that burn easilyC.start the smoke detector in a fireD.make certain the red light is working5. 【2018·江苏卷，A】The Metropolitan Museum of ArtOpen 7 days a week. 1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028211-535-7710 EntrancesFifth Avenue at 82nd StreetHoursSunday-Thursday 10:00-17:30Friday and Saturday 10:00-21:00Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.Admission$25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the MainBuilding and The Cloisters(回廊）on the same day; free for children under 12 with anadult.Free with AdmissionAll special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts, gallery talks, and family/children's programs are free with admission.Ask about today's activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.The Cloisters Museum and GardensThe Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The MetropolitanMuseum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the MiddleAges. The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture,colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9thto the 15th century.Hours: Open 7 days a week.March-October 10:00-17:15November-February 10:00-16:45Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1.。

2021届高考英语二轮复习专题讲义全程跟踪专题十三阅读理解命题规律：1.在2020年新高考I卷及近年课标卷阅读理解中，几乎每张试卷都有一篇广告类应用文，且设题以细节理解为主。

2. 阅读理解文章的体裁以说明文为主，以记叙文、应用文、议论文为辅。

3.主题语境以人与社会为主，以人与自然、人与自我为辅。

4.从设题角度来看，考频由高到低为：细节理解、推理判断、主旨要义、推测词义。

命题趋势：未来高考阅读理解可能还会以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文、应用文为辅为命题原则；设题以考查细节理解、推理判断为主，以主旨要义、推测词义为辅。

第一讲命题突破I 细节理解题细节理解题在历年高考卷中占很大比例，几乎占据了阅读理解总题量的“半壁江山”。

这类题考查考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解，要求考生在快速阅读文章的同时能从中获取某些特定的信息。

一般包括直接信息题、间接信息题、数字计算题、排列顺序题等。

抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该类题的关键。

解题原则：忠实于原文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。

细节理解题通常针对文章中叙述的人物、事物、现象或理论等进行提问，题目难度不大，题干中一般会出现表述较为具体的关键词，考生在审题后可快速锁定关键词并在文章中寻找相应的细节描述。

有时候，虽然题干中提供了关键词，但通过题目的提问方式我们会发现，简单地回文搜索关键词已不能满足做题需求。

这时，通过审题来帮助我们提前决定解题方式就很有必要了。

II 主旨要义题主旨大意题主要考查考生对全文的内容或某一段的内容加以合理地归纳，目的是检查对短文整体或某一段落的理解概括能力。

该类题目是高考中的难点之一，也是区分度较大的题目。

主要考查：最佳标题；概括文章的中心思想；段落大意。

此类题正确选项的特点：通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词；能概括文章（或段落）的全部内容。

干扰项的特点：以偏概全；选项过于笼统；选项内容是命题者杜撰的；选项与主题无关。

因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主题，所以在解答此类题时，考生不要急于去找答案，不论它出现在什么位置都永远把主旨大意题作为最后一道题来做。

2021届高考英语一轮复习Unit13People课时练1阅读理解提速练北师大版必修5课时练1 阅读明白得提速练Ⅰ阅读明白得A(2020·烟台诊断)Grandparents who help out occasionally withchildcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors whodo not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin,Germany.“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’ health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall, after accounting for grandparents’ age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20­year period was one­third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn’t relative. Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began, while non­helpers lived for four years on average.“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society. Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Bruno Arpino.Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering.“Children should take__into__account their parents’ needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested.“It is very important that every individual dec ides for himself/herself, what ‘proper amounts of help’ means，” Hilbrand said, adding, “As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发觉，祖父母适当地帮忙照管孙辈比不照管孙辈的老年人寿命长。

年高中英语小题狂刷13 Unit 2 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版必修2I. 单词拼写1. Most of the relief work was done by ________(志愿者).2. panies must be able to ________(竞争) in the marketplace.3. This is a ________(定期的) bus service to the airport.4. The Olympic winner received a gold ________(牌) as an award.5. Her word has a ________(魔法般的) effect on us.6. Robots are________(取代) people on assembly lines.7. He finally________(承认) that he had stolen a purse.8. ________(现今) young people like to wear their hair long.9. Now you are 18, you should have more sense of ________(责任).10. We will all have a course in________(古代的) history next term.【答案】II. 单句语法填空1. What is it ________ made him so angry?2. That’s ________ I want to know.3. Let us bine our two firms against our _________(pete).4. How does one gain _________(admit) to the Buckingham Palace?5. One of the secrets of good health is ________(regularly) exercise.6. We want some _________(volunteer) in the hospital.7. You should take _________(responsible) for what you said.8. They attended a party ________(host) by the president of the pany.9. We held a heated discussion on the ________(base) of fact.10. Would you like to join us in ________(sing)?11. First prize in the ________(pete) will be a meal at the restaurant of your choice.12. He admitted ________(take) the money but promised never to do it again.13. I’m going to replace my battered car ________ a new one.14. I don’t have to stand ________ such rude behavior.15. Miss Powel went to town every ________(three) day.【答案】III. 完成句子1. 我生活在你们所说的＂古希腊＂，并且我曾写过很久以前的奥运会的情况。