教材试题 Unit 2 (Workbook) Reading Task
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Unit 2 Cloning
(Workbook)
READING TASK
A DEBATE
A debate is an activity in which students can discuss
two sides of an issue. It is a sort of competition with a
chairperson in charge to make sure of fair play. The
chairperson introduces the topic of the debate and then
one person from each side has a chance to begin the argument. After that, the issue can
be discussed by anyone in the room one at a time. While having a debate there are
several things to remember:
The person who is leading the team that supports the topic will speak first.
The person who is leading the team that disagrees with the topic will speak next.
Then other people can take turns to speak in a free discussion.
Everyone must listen when other people are speaking.
No one can be rude to other speakers and must always talk to the chairperson.
The chairperson will stop anyone who repeats arguments that have already been
made.
Anyone can reply to another person’s argument.
Towards the end of the debate, the chairperson will ask the last speaker of one side
to summarize the arguments that have been made to support their point of view. Then the
other side will do the same. Finally everyone in the room will vote and we can see who
has won the debate. So let’s start now.
Topic:
Should medical cloning be allowed?
Team A: They support the idea that there should be medical cloning.
Hello, chairperson and everyone else here today. I suggest that medical cloning is very important for curing serious illnesses that at present have no cure; for example, to replace nerve cells in someone who has suffered a stroke. Most profitably they can be used to
help with diseases that gradually cause people to lose their ability to move easily or to
think (such as Parkinson’s Disease). With the help of special cloning techniques, such
people can be restored to perfect health and be able to live a normal life again. This is a
wonderful thing for them because it improves their quality of life.
But first we need to be clear about the advantages of the procedure:
There is no danger of the body refusing to accept the new cells.
Nobody needs to donate their own organs for someone else’s benefit.
Patients can be treated immediately.
It seems the benefits are so obvious that we hope you will be able to support our
side’s point of view. Thank you.
Team B: They disagree that there should be medical cloning.
Hello, chairperson and everyone in the room. I would like to suggest that medical cloning
is not as simple an issue as my colleague claims. First of all, where do these stem cells
come from? Well, from human cells of course. If you believe that human life comes into
existence as soon as the cells start to grow, then the practice of removing human stem
cells from an embryo kills it. This embryo, if it was allowed to continue to grow and
develop, would eventually become another human being. So by using stem cells to save
one person, we are actually killing another. Is this ethically justified (正当的)? We feel that
the answer must be “no”.
At the moment medical cloning research is a very new science. It has been most
successful in cloning some animals－but not all. The scientists are also worried about the
efficiency (有效性) of the system. Steve Stice of the University of Georgia said:
“We can make thousands of embryos. The real cost and real problem for us is when we
transfer (转变) that embryo and we don't produce a (successful) pregnancy. That costs us
time and money”
It took 29 embryos to produce Dolly the sheep and that was nearly ten years ago. But
the situation has not got better for mammal cloning. It seems that the problems for human
cloning will be even more serious as no human has yet been cloned. It is obvious that we
must be very cautious about medical cloning until these problems are solved. We hope you will agree with us and support our point of view. Thank you.
Read the arguments above and fill in the chart.
Team What’s their
argument? Two reasons for /
against medical
cloning Do you agree with them? Why?
A 1
2
B 1
2
Key:
Team What’s their
argument? Two reasons for / against
medical cloning
Do you agree with them? Why?
A
For medical cloning 1. to cure serious illnesses that
have no cure at the moment Various answers and
reasons are possible.
2. to help people who have
diseases which make them
gradually lose their ability to
move easily or to think
Various answers and
reasons are possible.
B
Against medical
cloning
1. to make the stem cells that
will cure an illness of one
person，you have to kill
