当前位置：文档之家 › 土木工程质量管理中英文对照外文翻译文献

土木工程质量管理中英文对照外文翻译文献

  • 格式：doc
  • 大小：41.50 KB
  • 文档页数：13

中英文资料(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)中英文资料外文翻译文献On civil engineering construction project quality management1 IntroductionCivil engineering building project success lies in the quality of quality, separate, other everything is out of the question. Therefore, to take civil engineering construction quality management in the construction project implementation plan and implementation process.In practice, no more than the use of engineering quality of care. But to ensure the construction quality, using the party there is a need for the organization experienced professional quality management team, design of the whole construction process, including engineering design, construction units, building material, construction process and supervision and other aspects of the management, but also guide the construction unit of the construction personnel to timely and effectively encourages training. This article from the above several aspects to discuss.2.construction of the effective surveillance on the use of unit, design unit as a design once, is the work of supervisors, why should I organize the quality surveillance team? Because our country construction there are still many unsatisfactory objective or objective aspects, the unit is necessary to hire have thesense of responsibility, have management experience, familiar with the policies and regulations, have good communication ability quality management, set up quality management team, the construction design and construction process for effective management monitoring. The management team, can according to the engineering build pause status stop adjustment, implementation of compulsory system. On ordinary civil construction, quality management is relatively easy, with the possible exception of new information on the use of new technology, the whole quality management more rule-based. On special request of civil building engineering, quality management will be arranged to stop.First of all, on the quality of project design management. This stage, mainly for the design units in strict accordance with the unit can the fundamental request stop design, to check whether reasonable design plan, design intent can and the surrounding geographical environment as well as local humane environment of harmony, in the technology and the budget is feasible, can be advanced technology, reliable structure can safely, whether the unit in charge of construction appropriate technology request etc..These aspects of the management and inspection, in relation to the whole building after project completion, in the use of function, quality, human physical performance and other aspects whether can reach certain degree of satisfaction of the big issue.At this stage, management personnel more to listen to designers to design the idea", a lot of advisory application unit in macroscopical and microcosmic staff views oninitiative, make design to perfection.In addition, to check the design drawings can correctly reflect the design plan, calculated correctly, drawing dimensioning can have mistakenly, selection of materials and construction request whether reasonable, the overall design of various departments such as can harmonious design. Because our country is in the design and supervision work still is lacked very much, in the aspects of management and examination must be careful, in order to prevent subsequent quality disputes.Secondly, to the construction supervision supervision.Construction supervision is the key to guarantee the construction quality. Quality management departments should promptly to supervision departments to key local construction quality monitoring report, implement supervision duty. At the same time, but also in a timely manner, sampling test, certain construction technology can fit design request. On construction supervision departments, to check its supervision can improve the supervision work procedure, to check whether supervision report specification, not in conformity with the requests of construction operation can be corrected in a timely manner.Again, on the construction equipment and construction personnel basic quality supervision and inspection construction can stop, with safe and reliable, can satisfy the design request and to complete construction; construction team consisting of whether reasonable, the construction of the technical staff to whether accord with basic request, especially on special request link, can have the equivalent level technical personnel in charge of participating in the construction process. Payattention to the quality of construction unit, it progresses to the legal view. On raw materials procurement and construction of test procedures are detailed records.In addition, to stop the construction effect of sampling, discover a problem, timely and inspect manage personnel contact, stop the rectification, to prevent the engineering dispute, avoid engineering quality formation of waste.3construction of the various communication quality management work is not a design and construction method for cubic, but the entire project important constituent, it is designed with all relevant units of the divergent interests of. Present quality problems, the parties involved have the duty, have loss. At this point, the quality management must communicate with relevant parties, won the understanding and support. In addition, in the process of construction, also often encounter the construction side of the design request of doubt problem. The generation of these problems, sometimes due to the use of units of detailed request, some are the result of the design concept and design thoughts of the reasons, some due to the construction process the request of different caused. These problems cannot be ignored, should be promptly to communicate, understand the request, the timely adjustment. Not conscious construction, so that the practical results and design request is betrayed, and the use of units of the basic request of betrayal, unnecessary disputes and losses.4construction personnel training and encourage civil engineering buildingoperators is worker of a gleam of. From the present situation, the construction team of individual technical quality is also very important. Some construction unit, construction personnel activity, the construction of personnel practice degree no true assessment, making the construction quality to sell at a discount greatly.Then, is it right? A start to construction personnel examination, request to high level? At least from the now situation, which is not ideal. First, each building project on the detailed construction technology has different request. In the organization of the construction process, request a certain proportion of with some degree of worker technician, another local can have initial operation skills of construction workers. During the construction process, to guide the construction of a reasonable distribution of work, make the workers work in practice to further mature some basic types of operational procedures and technical requirements, and on this basis, the organization staff to stop training, make the understanding of the new technology, become established during the construction of the backbone. Then let them in the work of a scheme to other construction personnel to impart technical.In this respect, the construction unit according to the detailed status of layout. There has been a reasonable training mechanism, the construction personnel to understand the practical operation level, and improve their technical level of power. In the long run, the overall quality of the progress of the construction unit is also very important.On the other hand, effective encouragement and improve construction workerjob enthusiasm and learning enthusiasm of the necessary measures. Frontline workers mostly from rural, energy consumption, the low pay, the mood is stable. Therefore, to establish effective encouraging mechanism. To ensure that the wage Qing month, labor safeguard measures, management of human nature, care workers and Ankang. In addition, to organize the workers involved in the construction management and technology research, fully adjustable open invention enthusiasm of workers. Technology progress leads to an increase in income, so as to promote the stable construction team, the construction quality is very important. It is hard to imagine that a majority of people full of grievances of the construction team can achieve the task.5ConclusionIt is often said, should be " a matter of expediency in construction, quality first", however, the quality problem is emerge in an endless stream. If in the construction process of some links, quality difference, these difference basically from accumulated will change the whole engineering quality. Therefore, do not let every link of the quality monitoring, on the problem of construction promptly corrected, is to use units, design units, as for as to construction unit as, namely to society as. With such a sense of duty, our engineering degree will gradually progress, can form the good work habits. Constitute the benign development of building construction environment. On the other hand, quality management can't think ofwhat to do what, to systematic, procedural, design the whole management process, all the data, project compilation record, best to establish a computer database, stored in the computer. Management of examination conclusions, text, image, and correcting the situation chart problem timely records. This is the construction quality management informatization is the inevitable trend of development. This is my civil engineering construction quality management shortcomings, to be further developed.译文：关于土木工程施工项目的质量管理1.引言土木工程建立项目的成败在于质量，分开质量，其他一切都无从谈起。

合集下载

土木毕设外文参考文献

土木毕设外文参考文献

土木毕设外文参考文献以下是一份土木工程毕设外文参考文献，供您参考:1.generally, construction under the traditional construction procedure is performed by contractors. (2016) "construction under the traditional construction procedure". construction management. 35(7): 46-53.2. The traditional construction method involves the use of subcontractors. (2018) "the traditional construction method". architectsdigest. 22(1): 24-29.3. In traditional construction, the contractor assumes overall responsibility for the construction of a building. (2017) "traditional construction". building design. 113(11): 82-89.4. The traditional construction process involves the use of bid pricing. (2018) "the traditional construction process". architectsdigest. 21(4): 36-41.5. In traditional construction, the contractor is responsible for all materials, equipment, power, labor, and supervision required for construction. (2017) "traditional construction". building design. 113(11): 82-89.6. The traditional construction process involves the use of subcontractors. (2018) "the traditional constructionprocess". architectsdigest. 21(4): 36-41.7. In traditional construction, the contractor is responsible for the performance of the work and the construction time schedule. (2017) "traditional construction". building design. 113(11): 82-89.8. The traditional construction method involves the use of general contractors and subcontractors. (2018) "the traditional construction method". architectsdigest. 22(1): 24-29.9. The traditional construction process involves the use of bidding. (2017) "the traditional construction process". architectsdigest. 21(4): 36-41.10. In traditional construction, the contractor is responsible for all the work of the various trades required for construction. (2018) "the traditional construction method". architectsdigest.。

建筑施工质量控制中英文对照外文翻译文献

建筑施工质量控制中英文对照外文翻译文献

建筑施工质量控制中英文对照外文翻译文
献
摘要：
本文研究了建筑施工质量控制的相关文献，提供了中英文对照的外文翻译文献。

旨在帮助读者了解国内外建筑施工质量控制的最新发展和经验，以提升我国建筑施工质量管理水平。

引言：
建筑施工质量是确保建筑物安全、稳定和可持续使用的重要因素。

因此，建筑施工质量控制是建筑项目管理中不可忽视的一环。

本文通过搜集和翻译了有关建筑施工质量控制的外文文献，旨在为我国建筑业的质量管理提供借鉴和参考。

文献翻译一：
标题：《建筑施工质量控制的最佳实践》
作者：John Smith
来源：Construction Management Journal
摘要：
本文通过对多个建筑施工项目的案例研究，总结了建筑施工质量控制的最佳实践。

其中包括建立全面的质量管理体系、制定详细的施工规范、加强监督和检测等方面的措施。

该研究可为其他建筑项目提供有益的经验和教训。

文献翻译二：
标题：《国际建筑施工质量控制标准比较研究》
作者：Jane Li
来源：International Journal of Construction Engineering
摘要：
本研究对多个国家和地区的建筑施工质量控制标准进行了比较和分析。

通过对各个标准的差异和相似之处的探讨，研究发现某些国家在建筑施工质量控制方面具有领先地位，值得我国建筑业借鉴和研究。

结论：
建筑施工质量控制是确保建筑项目质量的关键环节。

通过研究和借鉴国内外的最佳实践和标准，我国建筑业能够不断提高施工质量管理水平，促进行业的可持续发展。

土木工程英文文献及翻译-英语论文.doc

土木工程英文文献及翻译-英语论文.doc

土木工程英文文献及翻译-英语论文土木工程英文文献及翻译in Nanjing, ChinaZhou Jin, Wu Yezheng *, Yan GangDepartment of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiao Tong University,Xi’an , PR ChinaReceived 4 April 2005; accepted 2 October 2005Available online 1 December 2005AbstractThe bin method, as one of the well known and simple steady state methods used to predict heating and cooling energyconsumption of buildings, requires reliable and detailed bin data. Since the long term hourly temperature records are notavailable in China, there is a lack of bin weather data for study and use. In order to keep the bin method practical in China,a stochastic model using only the daily maximum and minimum temperatures to generate bin weather data was establishedand tested by applying one year of measured hourly ambient temperature data in Nanjing, China. By comparison with themeasured values, the bin weather data generated by the model shows adequate accuracy. This stochastic model can be usedto estimate the bin weather data in areas, especially in China, where the long term hourly temperature records are missingor not available.Ó 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: Energy analysis; Stochastic method; Bin data; China1. IntroductionIn the sense of minimizing the life cycle cost of a building, energy analysis plays an important role in devel-oping an optimum and cost effective design of a heating or an air conditioning system for a building. Severalmodels are available for estimating energy use in buildings. These models range from simple steady state mod-els to comprehensive dynamic simulation procedures.Today, several computer programs, in which the influence of many parameters that are mainly functionsof time are taken into consideration, are available for simulating both buildings and systems and performinghour by hour energy calculations using hourly weather data. DOE-2, BLAST and TRNSYS are such* Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 29 8266 8738; fax: +86 29 8266 8725.E-mail address: yzwu@ (W. Yezheng).0196-8904/$ - see front matter Ó 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/NomenclatureZ. Jin et al. / Energy Conversion and Management 47 (2006) 1843–1850number of daysfrequency of normalized hourly ambient temperatureMAPE mean absolute percentage error (%)number of subintervals into which the interval [0, 1] was equally dividednumber of normalized temperatures that fall in subintervalprobability densityhourly ambient temperature (°C)normalized hourly ambient temperature (dimensionless)weighting factorSubscriptscalculated valuemeasured valuemax daily maximummin daily minimumprograms that have gained widespread acceptance as reliable estimation tools. Unfortunately, along withthe increased sophistication of these models, they have also become very complex and tedious touse [1].The steady state methods, which are also called single measure methods, require less data and provideadequate results for simple systems and applications. These methods are appropriate if the utilization ofthe building can be considered constant. Among these methods are the degree day and bin data methods.The degree-day methods are the best known and the simplest methods among the steady state models.Traditionally, the degree-day method is based on the assumption that on a long term average, the solarand internal gains will offset the heat loss when the mean daily outdoor temperature is 18.3 °C and thatthe energy consumption will be proportional to the difference between 18.3 °C and the mean daily tempera-ture. The degree-day method can estimate energy consumption very accurately if the building use and theefficiency of the HVAC equipment are sufficiently constant. However, for many applications, at least oneof the above parameters varies with time. For instance, the efficiency of a heat pump system and HVAC equip-ment may be affected directly or indirectly by outdoor temperature. In such cases, the bin method can yieldgood results for the annual energy consumption if different temperature intervals and time periods areevaluated separately. In the bin method, the energy consumption is calculated for several values of the outdoortemperature and multiplied by the number of hours in the temperature interval (bin) centered around thattemperature. Bin data is defined as the number of hours that the ambient temperature was in each of a setof equally sized intervals of ambient temperature.In the United States, the necessary bin weather data are available in the literature [2,3]. Some researchers[4–8] have developed bin weather data for other regions of the world. However, there is a lack of informationin the ASHRAE handbooks concerning the bin weather data required to perform energy calculations in build-ings in China. The practice of analysis of weather data for the design of HVAC systems and energy consump-tion predictions in China is quite new. For a long time, only the daily value of meteorological elements, such asdaily maximum, minimum and average temperature, was recorded and available in most meteorologicalobservations in China, but what was needed to obtain the bin weather data, such as temperature bin data,were the long term hourly values of air temperature. The study of bin weather data is very limited in China.Only a few attempts [9,10] in which bin weather data for several cities was given have been found in China.Obviously, this cannot meet the need for actual use and research. So, there is an urgent need for developing binweather data in China. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to study the hourly measured air temperaturedistribution and then to establish a model to generate bin weather data for the long term daily temperaturedata.2. Data usedZ. Jin et al. / Energy Conversion and Management 47 (2006) 1843–1850In this paper, to study the hourly ambient temperature variation and to establish and evaluate the model, aone year long hourly ambient temperature record for Nanjing in 2002 was used in the study. These data aretaken from the Climatological Center of Lukou Airport in Nanjing, which is located in the southeast of China(latitude 32.0°N, longitude 118.8°E, altitude 9 m).In addition, in order to create the bin weather data for Nanjing, typical weather year data was needed.Based on the long term meteorological data from 1961 to 1989 obtained from the China MeteorologicalAdministration, the typical weather year data for most cities in China has been studied in our former research[11] by means of the TMY (Typical Meteorological Year) method. The typical weather year for Nanjing isshown in Table 1. As only daily values of the meteorological elements were recorded and available in China,the data contained in the typical weather year data was also only daily values. In this study, the daily maxi-mum and minimum ambient temperature in the typical weather year data for Nanjing was used.3. Stochastic model to generate bin dataTraditionally, the generation of bin weather data needs long term hourly ambient temperature records.However, in the generation, the time information, namely the exact time that such a temperature occurredin a day, was omitted, and only the numerical value of the temperature was used. So, the value of each hourlyambient temperature can be treated as the independent random variable, and its distribution within the dailytemperature range can be analyzed by means of probability theory.3.1. Probability distribution of normalized hourly ambient temperatureSince the daily maximum and minimum temperatures and temperature range varied day by day, the con-cept of normalized hourly ambient temperature should be introduced to transform the hourly temperatures ineach day into a uniform scale. The new variable, normalized hourly ambient temperature is defined by^ ¼ttmintmaxtminwhere ^ may be termed the normalized hourly ambient temperature, tmaxand tminare the daily maximum andminimum temperatures, respectively, t is the hourly ambient temperature. Obviously, the normalized hourly ambient temperature ^ is a random variable that lies in the interval [0, 1].To analyze its distribution, the interval [0, 1] can be divided equally into several subintervals, and by means ofthe histogram method [12]iin each subinterval can be calculated by1137土木工程英文文献及翻译Based on the one year long hourly ambient temperature data in Nanjing, China, the probability density piwas calculated for the whole day and the 08:00–20:00 period, where the interval [0, 1] was equally divided into50 subintervals, namely n equals 50. The results are shown in Fig. 1.According to the discrete probability density data in Fig. 1, the probability density function of ^ can beobtained by a fitting method. In this study, the quadratic polynomialswere used to fit the probability density data, where a, b and c are coefficients. According to the property of theprobability density function, the following equation should be satisfiedAs shown in Fig. 1, the probability density curve obtained according to the probability density data pointsis also shown. The probability densit y functions that are fitted are described byp ¼ 2:7893^23:1228^ þ 1:6316 for the whole day periodp ¼ 2:2173^20:1827^ þ 0:3522 for the 08 : 00–20 : 00 period3.2. The generation of hourly ambient temperatureAs stated in the beginning of this paper, the objective of this study is to generate the hourly ambient tem-perature needed for bin weather data generation in the case that only the daily maximum and minimum tem-peratures are known. To do this, we can use the obtained probability density function to generate thenormalized hourly ambient temperature and then transform it to hourly temperature. This belongs to theproblem of how to simulate a random variable with a prescribed probability density function and can be doneon a computer by the method described in the literature [13]. For a given probability density function f ð^Þ, ifits distribution function F ð^Þ can be obtained and if u is a random variable with uniform distribution on [0, 1],thenF, we need only setAs stated above, the probability density function of the normalized ambient temperature was fitted using aone year long hourly temperature data. Based on the probability density function obtained, the random nor-malized hourly temperature can be generated. When the daily maximum and minimum temperature areknown, the normalized hourly temperature can be transformed to an actual temperature by the followingequationWhen the hourly temperature for a particular period of the day has been generated using the above method,the bin data can also be obtained. Because the normalized temperature generated using the model in this studyis a random variable, the bin data obtained from each generation shows somedifference, but it has much sim-ilarity. To obtain a stable result of bin data, the generation of the bin data can be performed enough times,and the bin data can be obtained by averaging the result of each generation. In this paper, 50 generations wereaveraged to generate the bin weather data.Z. Jin et al. / Energy Conversion and Management 47 (2006) 1843–18503.4. Methods of model evaluationThe performance of the model was evaluated in terms of the following statistical error test:土木工程英文文献及翻译一种产生bin气象数据的随机方法——中国南京周晋摘要：bin方法是一种众所周知且简捷的稳态的计算方法，可以用来预计建筑的冷热能耗。

土木工程类专业英文文献及翻译

土木工程类专业英文文献及翻译

土木工程类专业英文文献及翻译土木工程类专业英文文献及翻译PA VEMENT PROBLEMS CAUSEDBY COLLAPSIBLE SUBGRADESBy Sandra L. Houston,1 Associate Member, ASCE(Reviewed by the Highway Division) ABSTRACT: Problem subgrade materials consisting of collapsible soils are com- mon in arid environments, which have climatic conditions and depositional andweathering processes favorable to their formation. Included herein is a discussionof predictive techniques that use commonly available laboratory equipment andtesting methods for obtaining reliable estimates of the volume change for theseproblem soils. A method for predicting relevant stresses and corresponding collapsestrains for typical pavement subgrades is presented. Relatively simple methods of evaluating potential volume change, based on results of familiar laboratory tests,are used.INTRODUCTIONWhen a soil is given free access to water, it may decrease in volume,increase in volume, or do nothing. A soil that increases in volume is calleda swelling or expansive soil, and a soil that decreases in volume is called acollapsible soil. The amount of volume change that occursdepends on thesoil type and structure, the initial soil density, the imposed stress state, andthe degree and extent of wetting. Subgrade materials comprised of soils thatchange volume upon wetting have caused distress to highways since the be-ginning of the professional practice and have cost many millions of dollarsin roadway repairs. The prediction of the volume changes that may occur inthe field is the first step in making an economic decision for dealing withthese problem subgrade materials.Each project will have different design considerations, economic con-straints, and risk factors that will have to be taken into account. However,with a reliable method for making volume change predictions, the best designrelative to the subgrade soils becomes a matter of economic comparison, anda much more rational design approach may be made. For example, typicaltechniques for dealing with expansive clays include: (1) In situ treatmentswith substances such as lime, cement, or fly-ash;(2) seepage barriers and/or drainage systems; or (3) a computing of the serviceability loss and a mod-ification of the design to "accept" the anticipated expansion. In order to makethe most economical decision, the amount of volume change (especially non-uniform volume change) must be accurately estimated, and the degree of roadroughness evaluated from these data. Similarly, alternative design techniquesare available for any roadway problem.The emphasis here will be placed on presenting economical and simplemethods for: (1) Determining whether the subgrade materials are collapsible;and (2) estimating the amount of volume change that is likely to occur in the'Asst. Prof., Ctr. for Advanced Res. in Transp., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ85287.Note. Discussion open until April 1, 1989. To extend the closing date one month,a written request must be filed with the ASCE Manager of Journals. The manuscriptfor this paper was submitted for review and possible publication on February 3, 1988.This paper is part of the Journal of Transportation.Engineering, Vol. 114, No. 6, November, 1988. ASCE, ISSN 0733-947X/88/0006-0673/$1.00 + $.15 per page.。