材料专业英语 陶瓷材料 Ceramic Materials

陶瓷的英语专业术语摘要：这是一篇关于陶瓷的英语专业术语的文章，主要介绍了陶瓷的定义、分类、原料、工艺、类型、性能、装饰等方面的相关术语，并给出了中英文对照的表格。

文章的目的是帮助读者了解和掌握陶瓷领域的基本概念和专业词汇，以便于进行学习、交流和创作。

一、陶瓷的定义陶瓷（ceramics）是一种由无机非金属材料经过高温烧制而成的人造物品，具有硬度高、耐磨、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特点。

陶瓷是人类最早发明和使用的材料之一，历史悠久，文化丰富，艺术多样。

中文英文陶瓷ceramics无机非金属材料inorganic nonmetallic materials烧制firing硬度hardness耐磨wear-resistant耐高温high-temperature resistant耐腐蚀corrosion-resistant粘土clay二、陶瓷的分类根据陶瓷的成分、结构和性能，可以将其分为以下几类：传统陶瓷（traditional ceramics）：是指以天然粘土为主要原料，经过成型、干燥和低温或中温烧制而成的陶瓷，主要包括陶器（earthenware）、粗陶器（stoneware）、瓷器（porcelain）、玻璃（glass）等。

传统陶瓷通常具有多孔性（porosity）、不透明性（opacity）和低强度（low strength）等特征，主要用于日用器皿（tableware）、艺术品（artworks）、建筑材料（building materials）等领域。

特种陶瓷（special ceramics）：是指以高纯度的无机非金属化合物为主要原料，经过粉末冶金工艺和高温烧结而成的陶瓷，主要包括氧化物陶瓷（oxide ceramics）、非氧化物陶瓷（non-oxide ceramics）、复合陶瓷（composite ceramics）等。

特种陶瓷通常具有高强度（high strength）、高硬度（high hardness）、高耐热性（high heat resistance）和高耐蚀性（high corrosion resistance）等特征，主要用于电子器件（electronic devices）、机械零件（mechanical parts）、生物医学材料（biomedical materials）等领域。

[原创] 陶瓷专业英语materials（body composition)stoneware:粗瓷dolomite：白云土terracotta:红土construction/building material :建白材料type of glaze:matt:哑光transparent:透明釉opaque: 不透明釉pigmented:色釉crackled:裂纹釉pearlized :珍珠釉under glazed:釉下彩on-glazed:釉上彩浮雕：relief, embossbisque firing:素烧glost firing:釉烧gild ：镀金decal：贴花trinket box：首饰盒silk screen printing :丝网印素彩瓷plain porcelain高温陶瓷refractory china窑：kilntunnel:隧道窑印花：stamping又收集了一些陶瓷术语陶瓷原料Ceramic Material长石feldspar瓷泥petunse, petuntse, petuntze瓷漆enamel paint, enamel封泥lute高岭土kaolin, china clay硅石,二氧化硅silica, SiO2堇青石cordierite莫来石,红柱石andalusite泥果,坯体clay body 泥釉slip石灰,生石灰,氧化钙lime, calcium oxide, CaO氧化锡tin oxide釉glaze原材料raw material云母mica皂石,块滑石steatite陶瓷类型Types of Pottery碧玉细炻器jasper薄胎瓷thin china彩陶器,釉陶faience陈设瓷,摆设瓷display china瓷porcelain, china (China ‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词) 赤陶terracotta, terracotta, red earthenware代尔夫精陶delft德化陶瓷Te-hua porcelain, Dehua pottery高温陶瓷refractory china工业陶瓷industrial ceramics工艺瓷,美术瓷,艺术瓷art porcelain, art and craft china, art pottery, artistic china 骨瓷bone china官瓷mandarin porcelain光瓷lusterware黑色陶器basalt裂变瓷crackled porcelain裂纹瓷crazed china米色陶器creamware青瓷celadon青花瓷bule and white porcelain轻质瓷、轻瓷light china日用瓷household china, table ware软瓷soft porcelain杀菌陶瓷antiseptic pottery绳纹陶器Jomon pottery施釉陶器slipware炻瓷stoneware素彩瓷plain porcelain陶earthenware陶瓷pottery无釉陶、陶瓷素烧坯biscuit, unglazed ware锡釉陶majolica细瓷fine china硬瓷hard porcelain赭色粘土陶器terra sigillata紫砂purple granulated, purple sand, terra-cotta工艺技术Technology凹雕intaglio标记marking玻璃化vitrify车削turning成型forming冲压,冲压花repousse瓷土加工clay processing雕刻carving浮雕relief隔焰窑muffle工艺技术technology硅氧键silicon-oxygen bond技艺technique, craft间断窑intermittent kiln浇铸casting拉毛sgraffito连续窑continuous kiln镂雕、镂空piercing辘轳车jigger泥釉彩饰法trailing碾磨grinding抛光burnishing, polishing破裂chip嵌入inlay切刻incising筛子sieve烧制firing陶瓷科技ceramics陶轮potter’s wheel贴花、嵌花appliqué, decal凸雕，底切，拉底，底部掏槽undercut细裂纹craze性能property压印impressing窑kiln印花stamping釉上彩overglazed color figure釉下彩underglazed color figure预加工pre-processing 粘性，粘滞性viscosity, stiffness 转模片jiggered piece转印transfer print装饰décor, decoration其它Others斑点speck半透明translucence, translucency, translucent不渗透的nonporous不透明的opaque茶叶罐caddy单色的monochrome多色的polychrome高白high white, Gaobai工艺品artware鬼工，鬼爷神工demon’s work, kuei kung景德镇Jingdexhen, Ching-te-chen景泰蓝cloisonné绝缘子insulator考古学archaeology可塑的plastic流变学rheology琉璃瓦glazed tile 模型、模特model模子mould耐热heat-proof配方formula盆栽bonsai漆器lacquer work器皿ware秦始皇陵兵马俑life-size terra-cotta soldiers and horses in Chin tomb青铜器bronze work人类学antropology渗透的porous手印，指印finger mark丝网印刷silk screen printing四面体tetrahedral搪瓷，珐琅enamel陶瓷的ceramic陶瓷专家，陶瓷艺术家ceramist陶工potter瓦tile 碗bowl卫生洁具sanitary ware温度temperature硬度hardness釉工glazier圆块，雕球，瘤knob砖brick爱比克泰德Epicteus（活动于520-500 BC）古希腊陶工兼画家何朝宗He Chaozhong（1522-1620）Chinese ceramist in Ming Dynasty,中国明代陶瓷艺术家韦奇伍德Wedgwood（1730-1795）英国著名陶瓷工匠和制造商希腊古瓮颂’Ode on a Crecian Urn’英国诗人济慈Keats（1795-1821）的名诗，惊叹古希腊陶器彩绘之精美陶瓷专业核心词汇AAbsolute alcohol 无水酒精Abrasive paper 砂纸Agate 玛瑙Ageing 陈腐Agitator 搅拌器Albite 钠长石Alkali 碱Alumina 氧化铝（?/FONT> Amber 琥珀Amethyst 紫水晶Allowance 公差Ammonia 氨Amorphous 无定形的Amphora 双耳瓶Ampoule 安瓿（bu，四声）Analytical balance 分析天平Angle brick 角砖Anhydrous gypsum 无水石膏Anisotropic 各向异性的Anneal 退火Anthemion 无烟煤Apparent porosity 显气孔率Aqua regia 王水Application of glaze 施釉Aerometer 比重计Artesian well自流井Asbestos 石棉Asphalt 沥青Atomizing dryer 喷雾干燥Autogenous ignition 自燃Avogadro’s number 阿伏加德罗常数Azote 氮Azure 天蓝色BBakclite 电木Balancing 配平Ball-float valve 浮球阀Ball mill 球磨机Barite 重晶石（硫酸钡）Basalt 玄武岩Batch bucker 料斗Beaker flask 锥形瓶Bearing 轴承Bending stress 弯曲应力Bentonite 膨润土Biotite 黑云母Biscuit fire 素烧Bitumen 沥青Black lead 石墨Blanket feeder 毯式投料机Blank test 空白试验Blende 闪锌矿Blender 混料器Blinding 失透Blue copperas 胆矾Bogie 窑车Bond angle 键角Bond distance 键长Borax 硼砂Boyle’s law 波义耳定律Brinell hardness 布氏硬度Brittle fracture 脆性断裂Brown coal 褐煤Burette 滴定管Burned lime 生石灰补充陶瓷原料Ceramic Material长石feldspar瓷泥petunse, petuntse, petuntze 瓷漆enamel paint, enamel封泥lute高岭土kaolin, china clay硅石,二氧化硅silica, SiO2堇青石cordierite莫来石,红柱石andalusite泥果,坯体clay body 泥釉slip石灰,生石灰,氧化钙lime, calcium oxide, CaO氧化锡tin oxide釉glaze原材料raw material云母mica皂石,块滑石steatitedolomite：白云土terracotta:红土construction/building material :建白材料陶瓷质地和类型Qualities & Types of PotteryWhite Body 白胎碧玉细炻器jasper薄胎瓷thin china / egg-shell porcelain彩陶器,釉陶faience陈设瓷,摆设瓷display china / ornamental porcelain瓷porcelain, china (China ‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词) 赤陶terracotta, terracotta, red earthenware代尔夫精陶delft德化陶瓷Te-hua porcelain, Dehua pottery高温陶瓷refractory china低温陶瓷low-fired porcelain工业陶瓷industrial ceramics工艺瓷,美术瓷,艺术瓷art porcelain, art and craft china, art pottery, artistic china骨瓷bone china古瓷ancient porcelain官瓷mandarin porcelain光瓷lusterware黑色陶器basalt裂变瓷crackled porcelain裂纹瓷crazed china米色陶器creamware青瓷celadon青花瓷blue and white porcelain轻质瓷、轻瓷light china日用瓷household china, table ware软瓷soft porcelain杀菌陶瓷antiseptic pottery绳纹陶器Rope figure pottery施釉陶器slipware粗瓷stoneware素彩瓷plain porcelain陶earthenware陶瓷pottery无釉陶、陶瓷素烧坯biscuit, unglazed ware 锡釉陶majolica细瓷fine china硬瓷hard porcelain赭色粘土陶器terra sigillata紫砂purple granulated, purple sand, terra-cotta 长石瓷feldspar porcelain瓷牙；牙科用瓷dental porcelain瓷质纱网装饰瓷器lace work porcelain电瓷electrical porcelain雕塑瓷；象牙色帕利安瓷statuary porcelain 高铝瓷high-alumina porcelain锆质瓷zircon porcelain滑石瓷steatite porcelain化学瓷chemical porcelain尖晶石瓷spinel porcelain堇青石瓷cordierite porcelain镁橄榄石瓷forsterite porcelain镁质瓷；氧化镁瓷magnesia porcelain莫来石瓷mullite porcelain耐热瓷器refractory porcelain缥瓷faint coloured porcelain青白瓷greenish white porcelain熔块瓷fritted porcelain三成分瓷器triaxial porcelain钛质瓷titania porcelain天然原料制成的瓷器natural porcelain 透辉石瓷diapside porcelain卫生瓷器sanitary porcelain鸭蛋青瓷duck-egg porcelain氧化铝瓷alumina porcelain原始瓷proto-porcelain皂石瓷soapstone porcelain中火度瓷intermediate porcelainIC管瓷IC packages白云石瓷dolomitic保温耐火砖insulating firebrick--釉面transparent:透明釉的opaque: 不透明釉的pigmented:色釉的crackled:裂纹釉的pearlized :珍珠釉的Color Glaze 花釉White Glaze 白釉Red Glaze 红釉Pearl Glaze 珍珠釉翡翠釉;翠绿釉Kingfisher blue glaze 分相釉phase separation glaze粉青釉lavender grey glaze复合釉;混合铀composite glaze钙釉.石灰釉calcareous glaze盖底釉cladding glaze高硅质釉;硅酸质釉siliceous glaze高温釉hard glaze瓜皮绿釉cucumber green glaze光泽釉bright glaze光泽釉glossy glaze孩儿脸(铜红釉)crushed strawberry red 孩儿脸釉strawberry red glaze海参釉trepang glaze海棠红釉begonia red glaze虹彩釉luster glaze弧坑釉crater glaze虎斑釉tiger-skin glaze琥珀釉amber glaze花釉；复色釉fancy glaze滑石釉talc glaze灰釉ash glaze挥发釉vapour glaze火焰红釉flamboyant red glaze鸡皮釉fowl-skin glaze基础釉parent glaze祭红altar red祭红釉sacrificial red glaze祭蓝altar blue祭蓝釉sacrificial blue glaze荠红釉shiny red glaze荞蓝釉deep blue glaze贾丁尼尔釉Jardiniere glaze碱石灰釉alkaline-calcareous碱釉alkaline glaze豇豆红釉cowpea red glaze豇豆红釉haricot red glaze酱釉；棕釉brown glaze结晶釉crystalline glaze金丝黄釉gold filament yellow glaze金星绿釉aventurine green glaze金星釉；砂金釉aventurine glaze金属釉metallic glaze桔皮釉orange-peel glaze钧釉chun glaze可鲁宾釉（红蓝混合釉）Columbine glaze可帕尔塔釉（盖面透明釉）coperta glaze可溶性釉soluble glaze孔雀蓝釉peacock blue glaze孔雀绿釉peacock green glaze辣椒红釉chilli red glaze郎窑红釉Lang yao red glaze郎窑绿釉Lang yao green glaze梨皮釉pear peel glaze锂辉石釉spodumene glaze流纹釉flowing glaze龙皮釉dragon-skin glaze卵青釉egg and spinach glaze罗宾蛋壳釉（乳白青绿色）robin\'s-egg glaze罗金厄姆釉（紫褐色铅釉）Rockingham glaze麻点釉sesame pot glaze梅子青釉plum green glaze美人醉釉beauty\'s flush glaze米黄色釉；奶油色釉cream glaze面釉cover glaze墨地三彩tricolour with china-ink南京黄釉（金黄-棕色）Nankin yellow glaze泥浆釉；易熔粘土釉slip glaze凝固釉（釉浆与明胶的混合物）solidified glaze牛血红釉ox-blood glaze牛血红釉sang-de-boeuf (法语）硼釉boracic glaze葡萄紫釉grap purple glaze铅硼釉lead borate glaze铅釉lead glaze茄皮紫釉aubergine glaze青瓷釉celadon glaze日本风格的铁系花釉；天目釉的日本译名tessha glaze 熔块釉fritted glaze乳白釉opaline glaze乳光釉opalescence glaze乳鼠皮釉mousie skin glaze砂金釉；金星釉gold stone glaze鲨皮釉（有皱纹特征）[日本]shark-shin glaze 鳝皮绿釉green eel-skin glaze鳝皮釉eel-skin glaze鳝鱼黄釉eel yellow鳝鱼青釉eel bluish green glaze蛇皮绿釉green snake-skin glaze蛇皮釉snake-skin glaze生料釉raw glaze生铅釉raw lead glaze失透釉devitrification glaze石灰釉lime glazeCrack Glaze 纹片釉Color Glaze with gold 色釉金彩工艺技术Technology凹雕intaglio标记marking玻璃化vitrify车削turning成型forming冲压,冲压花repousse瓷土加工clay processing雕刻carving浮雕relief隔焰窑muffle工艺技术technology硅氧键silicon-oxygen bond技艺technique, craft间断窑intermittent kiln浇铸casting拉毛sgraffito连续窑continuous kiln镂雕、镂空piercing辘轳车jigger泥釉彩饰法trailing碾磨grinding抛光burnishing, polishing破裂chip嵌入inlay切刻incising筛子sieve烧制firing陶瓷科技ceramics陶轮potter’s wheel贴花、嵌花appliqué, decal凸雕，底切，拉底，底部掏槽undercut细裂纹craze性能property压印impressing窑kiln印花stamping釉上彩overglazed color figure釉下彩underglazed color figure预加工pre-processing 粘性，粘滞性viscosity, stiffness 转模片jiggered piece转印transfer print装饰décor, decorationCut edge切割边缘Scalloped扇形边的陶瓷成品杯mugMeat Plate, Round-edge 荷口汤盘Soup Plate 汤盘Tea cup 茶杯Tea Saucer 茶杯碟Creamer 奶壶Bowl ( Rice pot , Fan-zong) 饭碗Coffee cup / Saucer 咖啡杯碟Tea cup/Saucer茶杯/碟Milk pot 奶壶Salad Bowl 沙拉碗Shaker 筛Tureen 汤窝Duck bowl 鸭碗Rice Bowl 饭碗Rice bowl Flaring 反口碗Rice bowl rope 反口碗Saucer, thick body 厚碟Bowl with cover 盖碗Cylindrical Decor 直身杯碟Tea Pot, Persimmon Shape No. 2 2号筛壶Plate with handle/ heat plate, thick带把手的厚碟4.5”Rice Bowl Flaring 4.5`反口碗Platter 大浅盘Vase 花瓶Fish Bowl 鱼缸Fruit Plate 水果盘Deep Plate深盘Pepper Jar 胡椒瓶pepper cellarSalt Jar 盐瓶Salt sellarSeasoning Dish 格碟Food Mixing Bowl 斗碗Table wares Set 餐具Teacup with saucer 茶杯碟Christmas Toys 小丑Goddess of Mercy 观音Eight Immortals of ancient Figures 八仙God of longevity with lad 寿星God of wealth/Treasure/Longevity 财神Porcelain figuring 人物Mask 面具Oval plate 鱼盘Meat Plate 拼盘Flat Plate 平盘Soup Plate 汤盘Porcelain for daily use 日用陶瓷Porcelain for artistic 工艺陶瓷Porcelain for display 陈列陶瓷the imitation of antique porcelain 仿古陶瓷labels for porcelain 花纸Gold-embossed porcelain 刷金vats 盆Corrugated cardboard boxes 皱硬纸板箱Fleur bouquet 花篮13pec Chinese Tea Pot6pec Decorated Mug setCow mobile 6/s 动态牛Single unicorn独角兽（麒麟）Spoon RestCandle holder 烛座Vase open-work 通花瓶flower pot 花瓶Pair of horse, brown 棕色对马15pes “chaozhou”tea service 15头潮州茶具Sugar pot 糖罐inner box bubble 气泡袋Polly foam polybag 胶袋Lamp stand 灯台Foamed Plastic 泡莫塑料Lampshade 灯罩Candlestick 烛台其它Others斑点speck半透明translucence, translucency, translucent不渗透的nonporous不透明的opaque茶叶罐caddy单色的monochrome多色的polychrome高白high white, Gaobai工艺品artware鬼工，鬼爷神工demon’s work, kuei kung景德镇Jingdexhen, Ching-te-chen景泰蓝cloisonné绝缘子insulator考古学archaeology可塑的plastic流变学rheology琉璃瓦glazed tile 模型、模特model模子mould耐热heat-proof配方formula盆栽bonsai漆器lacquer work器皿ware秦始皇陵兵马俑life-size terra-cotta soldiers and horses in Chin tomb青铜器bronze work人类学antropology渗透的porous手印，指印finger mark丝网印刷silk screen printing四面体tetrahedral搪瓷，珐琅enamel陶瓷的ceramic陶瓷专家，陶瓷艺术家ceramist陶工potter瓦tile 碗bowl卫生洁具sanitary ware温度temperature硬度hardness釉工glazier圆块，雕球，瘤knob砖brick爱比克泰德Epicteus（活动于520-500 BC）古希腊陶工兼画家何朝宗He Chaozhong（1522-1620）Chinese ceramist in Ming Dynasty,中国明代陶瓷艺术家韦奇伍德Wedgwood（1730-1795）英国著名陶瓷工匠和制造商希腊古瓮颂’Ode on a Crecian Urn’英国诗人济慈Keats（1795-1821）的名诗，惊叹古希腊陶器彩绘之精美在线英汉－汉英科技大词典中含有“瓷”的词汇瓷porcelain; china瓷把手porcelain handle瓷板vitrolite瓷保险丝盒porcelain fuse box瓷杯porcelain cup瓷插入式熔丝porcelain plug fuse瓷插头porcelain plug瓷插座porcelain receptacle瓷茶壶china tea-pot瓷衬ceramic liner; porcelain lining瓷衬底印刷电路ceracircuit瓷衬球磨机porcelain mill瓷充填porcelain filling瓷灯头porcelain lamp holder瓷灯罩porcelain lamp shade瓷电容器porcelain condenser瓷雕porcelain carving; sculpture porcelain瓷断流器porcelain cut-out瓷断面porcelain fracture瓷防水拉线开关porcelain water proof cord switch瓷粉充填器porcelain plugger瓷粉调板porcelain slab瓷粉调刀porcelain cement spatula瓷管porcelain tube; porcelain pipe瓷管道porcelain duct瓷管型油断路器porcelain type oil circuit breaker瓷罐porcelain jar; porcelain pot瓷辊porcelain roller瓷过滤棒porcelain filtering stick瓷过滤漏斗porcelain filtering funnel瓷合金刀具porcelain alloy cutter瓷横担绝缘子porcelain-arm insulator瓷花金属板plaque瓷环过滤器porcelain ring filtre瓷火花塞porcelain spark plug; stone plug瓷基体porcelain basal body瓷夹cleat insulator; porcelain clip瓷夹布线cleat wiring瓷件粘接剂binder for porcelain paste瓷胶porcelain cement瓷胶结砂轮vitrified grinding stone瓷接线盒porcelain covered connector瓷进线套管porcelain lead-in bushing瓷绝缘porcelain insulating; ceramic type insulation瓷绝缘体porcelain insulator瓷绝缘子式断流器porcelain clad type circuit breaker 瓷绝缘子线轴porcelain spool insulator瓷壳保险丝porcelain fuse; porcelain cartridge fuse瓷壳接线盒porcelain connector瓷蓝ceramic cobalt blue; cobalt blue瓷料porcelain瓷漏斗Buchner filter; Buchner funnel; porcelain funnel瓷螺丝灯头porcelain screw holder瓷螺丝灯座porcelain screw socket瓷面porcelain facing瓷面具porcelain mask瓷面纸porcelain paper瓷皿porcelain dish瓷模ceramic former瓷磨porcelain mill瓷磨球porcelain media瓷钮porcelain knob瓷盘电阻器porcelain disc resistor瓷盘绝缘子porcelain cup瓷配件porcelain accessory; porcelain fitting瓷硼钙石bakerite瓷片ceramic chip瓷平底漏斗Buchner filter瓷瓶porcelain insulator瓷瓶穿钉insulator bolt瓷瓶球磨机pot mill瓷瓶式电流互感器porcelain clad current transformer瓷瓶式断路器porcelain clad circuit breaker瓷漆enamel lacquer; enamel paint; enamel varnish瓷漆刷enamel brush瓷器china; chinaware; porcelain; porcelain ware; hard paste porcelain; true porcelain在线英汉－汉英科技大词典中含有“瓷”的词汇(2)瓷器餐具porcelain dinner-ware瓷器残片fragment of pottery瓷器店china shop瓷器结合剂porcelain cement瓷器制造日期印记date-letter; date mark瓷器装饰decoration of porcelain瓷嵌体porcelain inlay瓷球磨机porcelain ball mill瓷裙porcelain patticoat瓷燃烧管porcelain combustion tube瓷燃烧舟porcelain combustion boat瓷绕线管绝缘子porcelain bobbin insulator瓷三角架porcelein triangle瓷色料porcelain color瓷砂石porcelain sandstone瓷勺皿porcelain casserole瓷石china stone; porcelain stone瓷室porcelain chamber瓷首饰porcelain jewellery瓷栓porcelain knob瓷胎porcelain body瓷胎画珐琅enamel painting on porcelain瓷胎竹编bamboo over porcelain瓷套冠porcelain jacket crown瓷套管porcelain bushing shell; porcelain through insulator; porcelain sleeve; porcelain bushing 瓷套管绝缘子porcelain through insulator瓷天线绝缘子porcelain antenna insulator瓷贴花印刷油墨ceramic ink瓷头螺丝porcelain head screw瓷头铜螺丝pottery topped brass screw瓷土porcelain clay; china-clay; kaoline瓷土粉china clay in powder瓷土熟料china-clay chamotte瓷托porcelain plate瓷托托牙porcelain base denture瓷外罩porcelain housing瓷弯管porcelain elbow tube瓷相学ceramography瓷芯porcelain core瓷旋流器porcelain cyclone瓷牙porcelain teeth; mineral teeth瓷牙的odontoceramics瓷牙面facing porcelain瓷牙学ceramodontia瓷牙制作术odontoceramotechny瓷研钵porcelain mortar瓷眼porcelain eye瓷样的porcellaneous; porcellanous瓷仪器porcelain utensil瓷用色料porcelain colour瓷釉ceramic glaze; porcelain glaze瓷釉剥落shivering瓷釉电容器glaze capacitor瓷圆柱体porcelain cylinder瓷渣pitchers瓷罩式变流器porcelain clad type current transformer瓷罩式电流互感器porcelain clad current transformer瓷罩式断流器porcelain clad circuit breaker瓷枕porcelain pillow瓷支持绝缘子porcelain support insulator瓷制多孔滤筒bougie瓷制门把手door-handle of porcelain瓷制球磨罐jar mill瓷制珍珠porcelain pearl瓷质porcelain瓷质胶粉porcelain cement瓷质绝缘子porcelain insulator瓷质卫生器vitreous-china sanitary ware瓷质悬挂隔电子suspension porcelain瓷珠porcelain bead; knob insulator瓷柱porcelain knob; knob insulator瓷柱布线knob wiring柱瓷管布线knob-and-tube wiring瓷砖ceramic tile; enamel tile; porcelain tile; tile 瓷砖锤tile hammer瓷砖刀tile cutter瓷砖机wall tile press瓷砖胶glue for tile瓷砖嵌镶tile fillet瓷砖清洗剂tile cleaner瓷座放大镜magnifying mirror with ceramic foot。

材料的英语单词Materials are essential for our daily life and for the development of various industries. In this document, we will explore the English words related to materials and their definitions, which will help you expand your vocabulary and improve your English proficiency.1. Metal。

Metal is a solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity. Common metals include iron, aluminum, copper, and gold.2. Plastic。

Plastic is a synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers such as polyethylene, PVC, and nylon. It can be molded into shape while soft and then set into a rigid or slightly elastic form. Plastics are used in many products, from household items to industrial applications.3. Wood。

Wood is a natural material derived from the stems and branches of trees and used for construction, furniture, paper, and fuel. It is known for its strength, flexibility, and aesthetic appeal.4. Glass。

材料成型工艺基础部分0 绪论金属材料：metal material (MR)高分子材料：high-molecular material陶瓷材料：ceramic material复合材料：composition material成形工艺：formation technology1 铸造铸造工艺：casting technique铸件：foundry goods （casting）机器零件：machine part毛坯：blank力学性能：mechanical property砂型铸造：sand casting process型砂：foundry sand1.1 铸件成形理论基础合金：alloy铸造性能：casting property工艺性能：processing property收缩性：constringency偏析性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸气性：inspiratory铸件结构：casting structure使用性能：service performance浇不足：misrun冷隔：cold shut夹渣：cinder inclusion粘砂：sand fusion缺陷：flaw, defect, falling流动性：flowing power铸型：cast (foundry mold)蓄热系数：thermal storage capacity 浇注：pouring凝固：freezing收缩性：constringency逐层凝固：layer-by-layer freezing 糊状凝固：mushy freezing结晶：crystal缩孔：shrinkage void缩松：shrinkage porosity顺序凝固：progressive solidification 冷铁：iron chill补缩：feeding等温线法：constant temperature line method 内接圆法：inscribed circle method铸造应力：casting stress变形：deforming裂纹：crack机械应力：mechanical stress热应力：heat stress相变应力：transformation stress气孔：blow hole铸铁：ingot铸钢：cast steel非铁合金：nonferrous alloy灰铸铁：gray cast-iorn孕育处理：inoculation球墨铸铁：spheroidal球化处理：sheroidisation可锻铸铁：ductile cast iron石墨：graphite蠕墨铸铁：vermicular cast iron热处理：heat processing铝合金：Al-alloy熔炼：fusion metallurgy铜合金：copper alloy氢脆：hydrogen brittleness1.2 铸造方法（casting method）手工造型：hand moulding机器造型：machine moulding金属型：metal mold casting金属模：permanent mould压力铸造：press casting熔模铸造：investment moulding蜡膜：cere离心铸造：centrifugal casting低压铸造：casting under low pressure 差压铸造：counter-pressure casting 陶瓷型铸造：shaw process1.3 铸造工艺设计浇注位置：pouring position分型面：mould joint活块：loose piece起模：patter drawing型芯：core型芯撑：chaplet工艺参数：processing parameter下芯：core setting合型：mould assembly冒口：casting head尺寸公差：dimensional tolerance尺寸公差带：tolerance zone机械加工余量：machining allowance 铸孔：core hole非标准：nonstandard label收缩率：rate of contraction线收缩：linear contraction体收缩：volume contraction起模斜度：pattern draft铸造圆角：curving of castings芯头：core register芯头间隙：clearance芯座：core print seat分型线：joint line分模线：die parting line1.4 铸造结构工艺性加强筋：rib reinforcement撒砂：stuccoing内腔：entocoele2 金属塑性加工塑性加工：plastic working塑性：plastic property锻造：forge work冲压：punching轧制：rolling拉拔：drawing挤压：extruding细化晶粒：grain refinement 热锻：hit-forging温锻：warm forging2.1 金属塑性加工理论基础塑性变形：plastic yield加工硬化：work-hardening 韧性：ductility回复温度：return temperature 再结晶：recrystallize再结晶退火：full annealing 冷变形：cold deformation热变性：heat denaturation锻造比：forging ratio镦粗：upset拔长：pull out纤维组织：fibrous tissue锻造性能：forging property可锻性：forgeability变形抗力：resistance of deformation化学成分：chemical constitution热脆性：hot brittleness冷脆性：cold-shortness变形速度：deformation velocity应力状态：stress condition变形温度：deformation temperature过热：overheating过烧：burning脱碳：carbon elimination始锻温度：initiation forging temperature 终锻温度：final forging temperature 2.2 金属塑性加工方法自由锻：flat-die hammer冲孔：jetting弯曲：bend弯曲半径：bending radius切割：cut扭转：twist rotation错移：offsetting锻接：percussion基本工序：basic process辅助工序：auxiliary process精整工序：finishing process模锻：contour forging锻模：forging die胎膜锻：fetal membrane forging剪床：shearing machine冲床：backing-out punch冲裁：blanking弹性变形：elastic distortion塑性变形：plastic yield剪切变形：shearing deformation最小弯曲半径：minimum bending radius 曲率：angularity弯裂：rupture回弹：rebound辊轧：roll forming辊锻：roll forging斜轧：oblique rolling横轧：transverse rolling辗压：tamping drum挤压：extruding拉拔：draft2.3 塑性加工工艺设计工艺规程：process specification锻件图：forging drawing敷料：dressing锻件余量：forging allowance锻件公差：forging tolerance工夹具：clamping apparatus加热设备：firing equipment加热规范：heating schedule冷却规范：cooling schedule后续处理：after treatment分模面：die parting face冲孔连皮：punching the wad模锻斜度：draft angle圆角半径：radius of corner圆饼类锻件：circumcresent cake-like forging 长轴类锻件：long axis-like forging2.4 锻件结构工艺性锥体：cone斜面：cant空间曲线：curve in space粗糙度：degree of roughness2.5 冲压件结构工艺性3 焊接焊接：welding铆接：riverting熔焊：fusion welding压焊：press welding钎焊：braze welding3.1 焊接理论基础冶金：metallurgy电弧焊：arc welding气焊：acetylene welding电渣焊：electro-slag welding 高能束焊：high energy welding 电子焊：electronic welding激光焊：laser welding等离子焊：plasma welding电弧：electric arc阳极区：anode region阴极区：negative polarity弧柱区：arc stream正接法：electrode negative method反接法：opposition method脱氧剂：deoxidizing agent焊缝：welded seam焊缝区：weld zone熔合区：fusion area热影响区：heat-affected zone脆性断裂：brittle fracture过热区：overheated zone正火区：normalized zone相变区：phase change zone焊接应力：welding stress收缩变形：contraction distortion角变形：angular deformation弯曲变形：bend deformation扭曲变形：warping deformation波浪变形：wave transformation反变形法：reversible deformation method 刚性固定法：rigid fixing method预热：warming-up缓冷：slow cool焊后热处理：postweld heat treatment矫形处理：shape-righting3.2 焊接方法埋弧焊：hidden arc welding气体保护焊：gas shielded arc welding氩弧焊：argon welding熔化极氩弧焊：consumable electrode argon welding 钨极氩弧焊：argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳气体保护焊：CO2 gas shielded arc welding 碳弧焊：carbon arc welding碳弧气刨：carbon arc air gouging电渣焊：electro-slag welding高能焊：high grade energy welding等离子弧切割：plasma arc cutting (PAC)堆焊：bead weld电阻焊：resistance welding电焊：electric welding缝焊：seam welding压焊：press welding多点凸焊：multiple projection welding对焊：welding neck摩擦焊：friction welding扩散焊：diffusion welding硬钎料：brazing alloy软钎料：soft solder3.3 常用金属材料的焊接焊接性：weldability焊接方法：welding method 焊接材料：welding material 焊条：electrode焊剂：flux material碳素钢：carbon steel低碳钢：low carbon steel中碳钢：medium carbon steel 高碳钢：high carbon steel低合金钢：lean alloy steel不锈钢：non-corrosive steel 有色金属：nonferrous metal 3.4 焊接工艺设计型材：sectional bar药皮：coating焊丝：soldering wire连续焊缝：continuous weld断续焊缝：intermittent weld应力集中：stress concentration焊接接头：soldered joint坡口：groove对接：abutting joint搭接：lap joint角接：corner joint4 粉末冶金（power metallurgy）粉末冶金成品：finished power metallurgical product 铁氧体：ferrite硬质合金：sintered-carbide高熔点金属：high-melting metal陶瓷：ceramic4.1 粉末冶金工艺理论基础压坯：pressed compact扩散：diffusion烧结：agglomeration固溶：solid solubility化合：combination4.2 粉末冶金的工艺流程制备：preparation预处理：anticipation还原法：reduction method电解法：electrolytic method雾化法：atomization粒度：grain size松装密度：loose density流动性：flowing power压缩性：compressibility筛分：screen separation混合：compounding制粒：pelletization过烧：superburning欠烧：underburnt5 金属复合成型技术自蔓延焊接：SHS welding热等静压：HIP准热等静压：PHIP5.1 液态成型技术与固态成型技术的复合高压铸造：high-pressure casting电磁泵：magnetic-pump压射成型：injection molding柱塞：plunger piston冲头：drift pin凝固法：freezing method挤压法：extrusion method转向节：knuckle pivot制动器：arresting gear5.2 金属半凝固、半熔融成型技术凝固：freezing半熔融：semi-vitreous触变铸造：thixotropy casting触变锻造：thixotropy forging注射成型：injection molding5.3 其他金属成型新技术快速凝固：flash set非晶态：amorphous溢流法：press over system喷射沉积：ejecting deposit爆炸复合法：explosion cladding method 扩散焊接：diffusion welding挤压：extruding轧制：roll down6 非金属材料成型技术6.1 高分子材料成型技术高分子材料：non-metal material 耐腐蚀：resistant material绝缘：insulation老化：ageing耐热性：heat-durability粘弹性：viscoelasticity塑料：plastic material橡胶：rubber合成纤维：synthetic fibre涂料：covering material粘结剂：agglomerant粘度：viscosity热塑性塑料：thermoplastic plastics 热固性塑料：thermosetting plastic 通用塑料：general-purpose plastics 工程塑料：engineering plastic薄膜：thin film增强塑料：reinforced plastics浇注塑料：pouring plastics注射塑料：injiection plastics挤出塑料：extrusion plastics吹塑塑料：blowing plastics模压塑料：die pressing plastics聚合物：ploymer semiconductor吸湿性：hygroscopic cargo定向作用：directional action生胶：green glue stock填料：carrier丁苯橡胶：SBR顺丁橡胶：BR氯丁橡胶：CR丁腈橡胶：NBR硅橡胶：Q聚氨酯橡胶：U压延：calender硫化：sulfuration胶粘剂：adhesive胶接：glue joint刹车片：brake block零件修复：parts renewal蜂窝夹层：honeycomb core material 6.2 工业陶瓷制品的成型技术干燥：drying润滑剂：anti-friction结合剂：binder热压铸：hot injiection moulding 6.3 非金属材料成型技术的新进展热压烧结：hot pressed sintering7 复合材料的成型技术复合材料：composite material树脂：resin7.1 金属复合材料的成型技术硼纤维：boron fiber钛合金：titanium alloy碳纤维：carbon filter等离子喷涂：plasma spraying浸渍法：immersion method锭坯：ingot blank7.2 聚合物基复合材料的成型技术晶须：whisker缠绕成形：enwind forming湿法缠绕：wet method enwind 7.3 陶瓷复合材料成型技术溶胶-凝胶法：sol-gel method化学气相沉积：chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 原位：in situ8 材料成型方法的选择粉末冶金：powder metallurgy工程塑料：engineering plastics工程陶瓷：engineering ceramics。

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Unit 1property （材料的）性质heat treatment 热处理metal 金属glass 玻璃plastics 塑料fiber 纤维electronic devices 电子器件component 组元，组分semiconducting materials 半导体材料materials science and engineering 材料科学与工程materials science 材料科学materials engineering 材料工程materials scientist 材料科学家materials engineer 材料工程师synthesize 合成synthesissubatomic structure 亚原子结构electron 电子atom 原子nuclei 原子核nucleusmolecule 分子microscopic 微观的microscope 显微镜naked eye 裸眼macroscopic 宏观的specimen 试样deformation 变形polished 抛光的reflect 反射magnitude 量级solid materials 固体材料mechanical properties 力学性质force 力elastic modulus 弹性模量strength 强度electrical properties 电学性质electrical conductivity 导电性dielectric constant 介电常数electric field 电场thermal behavior 热学行为heat capacity 热容thermal conductivity 热传导(导热性）magnetic properties 磁学性质magnetic field 磁场optical properties 光学性质electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射light radiation 光辐射index of refraction 折射率reflectivity 反射率deteriorative characteristics 劣化特性processing 加工performance 性能linear 线性的integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片strength 强度ductility 延展性deterioration 恶化，劣化mechanical strength 机械强度elevated temperature 高温corrosive 腐蚀性的fabrication 制造Unit 2chemical makeup 化学组成atomic structure 原子结构advanced materials 先进材料high-technology 高技术smart materials 智能材料nanoengineered materials 纳米工程材料metallic materials 金属材料nonlocalized electrons 游离电子conductor 导体electricity 电heat 热transparent 透明的visible light 可见光polished 抛光的surface 表面lustrous 有光泽的aluminum 铝silicon 硅alumina 氧化铝silica 二氧化硅oxide 氧化物carbide 碳化物nitride 氮化物dioxide 二氧化物clay minerals 黏土矿物porcelain 瓷器cement 水泥mechanical behavior 力学行为ceramic materials 陶瓷材料stiffness 劲度strength 强度hard 坚硬brittle 脆的fracture 破裂insulative 绝缘的resistant 耐……的resistance 耐力，阻力，电阻molecular structures 分子结构chain-like 链状backbone 骨架carbon atoms 碳原子low densities 低密度mechanical characteristics 力学特性inert 隋性synthetic (人工）合成的fiberglass 玻璃纤维polymeric 聚合物的epoxy 环氧树脂polyester 聚酯纤维carbon fiber—reinforced polymer composite 碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料glass fiber-reinforced materials 玻璃纤维增强材料high-strength， low-density structural materials 高强度低密度结构材料solar cell 太阳能电池hydrogen fuel cell 氢燃料电池catalyst 催化剂nonrenewable resource 不可再生资源Unit 3periodic table （元素)周期表atomic structure 原子结构magnetic 磁学的optical 光学的microstructure 微观结构macrostructure 宏观结构positively charged nucleus 带正电的原子核atomic number 原子序数proton 质子atomic weight 原子量neutron 中子negatively charged electrons 带负电的电子shell 壳层magnesium 镁chemical bonds 化学键partially-filled electron shells 未满电子壳层bond 成键metallic bond 金属键nonmetal atoms 非金属原子covalent bond 共价键ionic bond 离子键Unit 4physical properties 物理性质chemical properties 化学性质flammability 易燃性corrosion 腐蚀oxidation 氧化oxidation resistance 抗氧化性vapor (vapour）蒸汽，蒸气,汽melt 熔化solidify 凝固vaporize 汽化,蒸发condense 凝聚sublime 升华state 态plasma 等离子体phase transformation temperatures 相变温度density 密度specific gravity 比重thermal conductivity 热导linear coefficient of thermal expansion 线性热膨胀系数electrical conductivity and resistivity 电导和电阻corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性magnetic permeability 磁导率phase transformations 相变phase transitions 相变crystal forms 晶型melting point 熔点boiling point 沸腾点vapor pressure 蒸气压atm 大气压glass transition temperature 玻璃化转变温度mass 质量volume 体积per unit of volume 每单位体积the acceleration of gravity 重力加速度temperature dependent 随温度而变的，与温度有关的grams/cubic centimeter 克每立方厘米kilograms/cubic meter 千克每立方米grams/milliliter 克每毫升grams/liter 克每升pounds per cubic inch 磅每立方英寸pounds per cubic foot 磅每立方英尺alcohol 酒精benzene 苯magnetize 磁化magnetic induction 磁感应强度magnetic field intensity 磁场强度constant 常数vacuum 真空magnetic flux density 磁通密度diamagnetic 反磁性的factor 因数paramagnetic 顺磁性的ferromagnetic 铁磁性的non-ferrous metals 非铁金属，有色金属brass 黄铜ferrous 含铁的ferrous metals 含铁金属,黑色金属relative permeability 相对磁导率transformer 变压器，变换器eddy current probe 涡流探针Unit 5hardness 硬度impact resistance 耐冲击性fracture toughness 断裂韧度,断裂韧性structural materials 结构材料anisotropic 各向异性orientation 取向texture 织构fiber reinforcement 纤维增强longitudinal 纵向transverse direction 横向short transverse direction 短横向a function of temperature 温度的函数，温度条件room temperature 室温elongation 伸长率tension 张力，拉力compression 压缩bending 弯曲shear 剪切torsion 扭转static loading 静负荷dynamic loading 动态载荷cyclic loading 循环载荷，周期载荷cross-sectional area 横截面stress 应力stress distribution 应力分布strain 应变engineering strain 工程应变perpendicular 垂直normal axis 垂直轴elastic deformation 弹性形变plastic deformation 塑性形变quality control 质量控制nondestructive tests 无损检测tensile property 抗张性能，拉伸性能Unit 6lattice 晶格positive ions 正离子a cloud of delocalized electrons 离域电子云ionization 电离,离子化metalloid 准金属，类金属nonmetal 非金属diagonal line 对角线polonium 钋semi—metal 半金属lower left 左下方upper right 右上方conduction band 导带valence band 价带electronic structure 电子结构synthetic materials （人工）合成材料oxygen 氧oxide 氧化物rust 生锈potassium 钾alkali metals 碱金属alkaline earth metals 碱土金属volatile 活泼的transition metals 过渡金属oxidize 氧化barrier layer 阻挡层basic 碱性的acidic 酸性的electrochemical series 电化序electrochemical cell 电化电池cleave 解理，劈开elemental 元素的，单质的metallic form 金属形态tightly-packed crystal lattice 密排晶格，密堆积晶格atomic radius 原子半径nuclear charge 核电荷number of bonding orbitals 成键轨道数overlap of orbital energies 轨道能重叠crystal form 晶型planes of atoms 原子面a gas of nearly free electrons 近自由电子气free electron model 自由电子模型an electron gas 电子气band structure 能带结构binding energy 键能positive potential 正势periodic potential 周期性势能band gap 能隙Brillouin zone 布里渊区nearly-free electron model 近自由电子模型solid solution 固溶体pure metals 纯金属duralumin 硬铝，杜拉铝Unit 9purification 提纯，净化raw materials 原材料discrete 离散的,分散的iodine 碘long—chain 长链alkane 烷烃,链烃oxide 氧化物nitride 氮化物carbide 碳化物diamond 金刚石graphite 石墨inorganic 无机的mixed ionic—covalent bonding 离子-共价混合键constituent atoms 组成原子conduction mechanism 传导机制phonon 声子photon 光子sapphire 蓝宝石visible light 可见光computer-assisted process control 计算机辅助过程控制solid—oxide fuel cell 固体氧化物燃料电池spark plug insulator 火花塞绝缘材料capacitor 电容electrode 电极electrolyte 电解质electron microscope 电子显微镜surface analytical methods 表面分析方法Unit 12macromolecule 高分子repeating structural units 重复结构单元covalent bond 共价键polymer chemistry 高分子化学polymer physics 高分子物理polymer science 高分子科学molecular structure 分子结构molecular weights 分子量long chains 长链chain—like structure 链状结构monomer 单体plastics 塑料rubbers 橡胶thermoplastic 热塑性thermoset 热固性vulcanized rubbers 硫化橡胶thermoplastic elastomer 热塑弹性体natural rubbers 天然橡胶synthetic rubbers 合成橡胶thermoplastic 热塑性thermoset 热固性resin 树脂polyethylene 聚乙烯polypropylene 聚丙烯polystyrene 聚苯乙烯polyvinyl—chloride 聚氯乙烯polyvinyl 聚乙烯的chloride 氯化物polyester 聚酯polyurethane 聚氨酯polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯nylon 尼龙acrylics 丙烯酸树脂acrylonitrile-butadiene—styrene ABS树脂polymerization 聚合（作用）condensation polymerization 缩聚addition polymerization 加聚homopolymer 均聚物copolymer 共聚物chemical modification 化学改性terminology 术语nomenclature 命名法chemist 化学家the Noble Prize in Chemistry 诺贝尔化学奖catalyst 催化剂atomic force microscope 原子力显微镜（AFM） Unit 15composite 复合材料multiphase 多相bulk phase 体相matrix 基体matrix material 基质材料reinforcement 增强体reinforcing phase 增强相reinforcing material 加强材料metal—matrix composite 金属基复合材料ceramic—matrix composite 陶瓷基复合材料resin—matrix composite 树脂基复合材料strengthening mechanism 增强机理dispersion strengthened composite 弥散强化复合材料particle reinforced composites 颗粒增强复合材料fiber—reinforced composites 纤维增强复合材料Unit 18nanotechnology 纳米技术nanostructured materials 纳米结构材料nanometer 纳米nanoscale 纳米尺度nanoparticle 纳米颗粒nanotube 纳米管nanowire 纳米线nanorod 纳米棒nanoonion 纳米葱nanobulb 纳米泡fullerene 富勒烯size parameters 尺寸参数size effect 尺寸效应critical length 临界长度mesoscopic 介观的quantum mechanics 量子力学quantum effects 量子效应surface area per unit mass 单位质量的表面积surface physics and chemistry 表面物理化学substrate 衬底，基底graphene 石墨烯chemical analysis 化学分析chemical composition 化学成分analytical techniques 分析技术scanning tunneling microscope 扫描隧道显微镜spatial resolution 空间分辨率de Brogile wavelength 德布罗意波长mean free path of electrons （电子)平均自由程quantum dot 量子点band gap 带隙continuous density of states 连续态密度discrete energy level 离散能级absorption 吸收infrared 红外ultraviolet 紫外visible 可见quantum confinement （effect) 量子限域效应quantum well 量子势阱optoelectronic device 光电子器件energy spectrum 能谱electron mean free path 电子平均自由程spin relaxation length 自旋弛豫长度Unit 21biomaterial 生物材料implant materials 植入材料biocompatibility 生物相容性in vivo 在活体内in vitro 在活体外organ transplant 器管移植calcium phosphate 磷酸钙hydroxyapatite 羟基磷灰石research and development 研发 R＆D Preparation & Characterizationprocessing techniques 加工技术casting 铸造rolling 轧制,压延welding 焊接ion implantation 离子注入thin—film deposition 薄膜沉积crystal growth 晶体生长sintering 烧结glassblowing 玻璃吹制analytical techniques 分析技术characterization techniques 表征技术electron microscopy 电子显微术X—ray diffraction X射线衍射calorimetry 量热法Rutherford backscattering 卢瑟福背散射neutron diffraction 中子衍射nuclear microscopy 核子微探针。

陶瓷专业英语词汇Ceramic Terminology in English:Ceramic is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of materials, including clay, porcelain, stoneware, and earthenware. The following are some common ceramic-related terms:1. Clay: A natural, earthy material composed of fine-grained minerals that can be molded and fired to create ceramic objects.2. Glaze: A glasslike coating applied to the surface ofa ceramic object, which can provide color, texture, and a protective layer.3. Firing: The process of heating a ceramic object to high temperatures, typically between 1,000°C and 1,300°C, to harden and fuse the materials.4. Kiln: A specialized oven used to fire ceramic objects at high temperatures.5. Slip: A liquid mixture of clay and water that can be used to coat or decorate a ceramic surface.6. Sagger: A refractory container used to protect ceramic pieces during firing in a kiln.7. Bisque: Unglazed, fired ceramic ware that has not yet been glazed.8. Porosity: The degree to which a ceramic material is porous or absorbent.9. Vitrification: The process of fusing ceramic materials into a glass-like state during firing.10. Underglaze: A type of decoration applied to a ceramic object before the glaze is applied, which can create intricate patterns and designs.11. Overglaze: A type of decoration applied to a ceramic object after the initial glaze has been fired, often used to create metallic or lustrous effects.12. Raku: A type of low-fire ceramic process that involves rapid heating and cooling, resulting in unique, often unpredictable, surface textures and colors.13. Stoneware: A type of high-fired ceramic that is denser and more vitrified than earthenware, often used for functional and decorative purposes.14. Earthenware: A type of low-fired ceramic that is porous and often glazed for decorative or functional use.15. Engobe: A colored slip that is applied to the surface of a ceramic object before firing, used to create a decorative effect.16. Burnishing: The process of polishing a ceramic surface to create a smooth, shiny finish.17. Crazing: The formation of small, hairline cracks in the glaze of a ceramic object, often caused by differences in the thermal expansion of the glaze and the clay body.18. Spalling: The flaking or peeling of the glaze or surface of a ceramic object, often caused by thermal shock or incompatibility between the glaze and the clay body.陶瓷专业英语词汇：陶瓷是一个广泛的术语,包括了各种各样的材料,如粘土、瓷器、陶器和陶土器。

材料专业英语必背词汇汇总下面是一些材料专业英语必备词汇的汇总：1. Material（材料）2. Property（性能）3. Structure（结构）5. Alloy（合金）7. Polymer（聚合物）8. Ceramics（陶瓷）9. Metal（金属）10. Mechanical（机械性能）11. Electrical（电性能）12. Thermal（热性能）13. Optical（光学性能）14. Strength（强度）15. Toughness（韧性）16. Hardness（硬度）17. Ductility（延展性）18. Brittleness（脆性）19. Elasticity（弹性）20. Conductivity（导电性）21. Corrosion（腐蚀）22. Fatigue（疲劳）23. Fracture（断裂）24. Melting point（熔点）25. Boiling point（沸点）26. Density（密度）27. Thermal conductivity（热导率）28. Modulus（模量）29. Creep（蠕变）30. Solubility（溶解性）31. Resistance（电阻）32. Stiffness（刚度）33. Viscoelasticity（粘弹性）34. Malleability（延展性）35. Refractivity（折射性）36. Optoelectronic（光电子）37. Processing（加工）38. Fabrication（制造）39. Casting（铸造）40. Welding（焊接）41. Machining（机械加工）42. Forming（成形）43. Molding（塑料成型）44. Extrusion（挤压）45. Injection molding（注塑）46. Sintering（烧结）47. Annealing（退火）48. Quenching（淬火）49. Tempering（回火）50. Brazing（钎焊）请注意，这只是一些基本的词汇，因此在学习材料专业英语时还应该扩展词汇量，并结合具体的材料科学与工程知识进行学习和实践。

建筑卫生陶瓷生产SANITARY WARE PRODUCTION1. PRECRUSHING OF RAW MATERIALS原料初碎Hard materials (硬质料) like feldspar长石，quartz (石英)，may be precrushed (初碎)，in order to reduce (减少) the grinding (研磨) time during preparation (制备).The hard materials are charged (装) to an impact crusher (锤击破碎机), for reducing (缩小) the grain size (粒度).A vibrating sieve (振动筛) separates oversized (过大的) grain, which is returned (返回) to the crusher (破碎机).The crushed (破碎过的) materials are stored in silos (料仓).Zircon sand(锆英砂) has tobe ground (研磨) in a ball mill (球磨机) to a maximum (最大) size of100micron (微米) and is then ground in a vibro-energy-mill (振动磨) to the final sizes.参考译文：1、原料初碎为了缩短原料制备过程的研磨时间，诸如长石，石英之类的硬质原料可先进行初碎。

将这些硬质料放进锤击破碎机内缩小其粒度。

较大的颗粒由振动筛分离出去，返回破碎机。

破碎过的原料储存在料仓内。

锆英砂应在球磨机内研磨，使最大粒度不超过100微米，然后再放入振动磨内研磨到所需要的粒度。

2. BODY PREPARATION坯料According to（按照）the composition （配方）, the raw materials are taken out of the boxes by a shovel loader（装载机）, weighed（称重）on a platform scale （台秤）and dumped（倾倒）into a box feeder （加料箱）. The amount loaded into the box feeder is recorded by the shovel loader driver.As soon as a batch（批料）is collected in the box feeder, a ball mill （球磨机）can be charged （加料）. The materials leaving the box feeder pass a clay（粘土） slicer（切碎机）in order to cut chunks（大块）of clay to smaller size for easy dissolving（细碎）of the clay in the ball mill. By means of（通过）conveyor belts（输送带）the raw materials are transported into the ball mills.After adding the right amount of water via a water meter, theyare formed to a fine slip （细浆）. Grinding time will be approx 10 to 16 hours, depending on the materials. This slip is emptied via a course screen （粗目筛）into a propeller blunger tank（螺旋桨搅拌池）. From there the slip is pumped to the mixing blunger（混合搅拌机）. The scrap （废料） and broken pieces are put in a high speed blunger（高速搅拌机）. Water is added to get the right literweight （升重） and dissolved （溶解）. This slip will be pumped over a screen to a storage tank. From there the scrap slip （回浆）is added to the mixing blunger.The ready prepared slip is pumped over a screen into slip storage containers（泥浆罐）.参考译文：2、坯料制备按照配方，用装载机将原料从料仓内取出，经台秤称重，倒入加料箱。

[原创] 陶瓷专业英语materials（body composition)stoneware:粗瓷dolomite：白云土terracotta:红土construction/building material :建白材料type of glaze:matt:哑光transparent:透明釉opaque: 不透明釉pigmented:色釉crackled:裂纹釉pearlized :珍珠釉under glazed:釉下彩on-glazed:釉上彩浮雕：relief, embossbisque firing:素烧glost firing:釉烧gild ：镀金decal：贴花trinket box：首饰盒silk screen printing :丝网印素彩瓷plain porcelain高温陶瓷refractory china窑：kilntunnel:隧道窑印花：stamping又收集了一些陶瓷术语陶瓷原料Ceramic Material长石feldspar瓷泥petunse, petuntse, petuntze瓷漆enamel paint, enamel封泥lute高岭土kaolin, china clay硅石,二氧化硅silica, SiO2堇青石cordierite莫来石,红柱石andalusite泥果,坯体clay body 泥釉slip石灰,生石灰,氧化钙lime, calcium oxide, CaO氧化锡tin oxide釉glaze原材料raw material云母mica皂石,块滑石steatite陶瓷类型Types of Pottery碧玉细炻器jasper薄胎瓷thin china彩陶器,釉陶faience陈设瓷,摆设瓷display china瓷porcelain, china (China ‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词) 赤陶terracotta, terracotta, red earthenware代尔夫精陶delft德化陶瓷Te-hua porcelain, Dehua pottery高温陶瓷refractory china工业陶瓷industrial ceramics工艺瓷,美术瓷,艺术瓷art porcelain, art and craft china, art pottery, artistic china 骨瓷bone china官瓷mandarin porcelain光瓷lusterware黑色陶器basalt裂变瓷crackled porcelain裂纹瓷crazed china米色陶器creamware青瓷celadon青花瓷bule and white porcelain轻质瓷、轻瓷light china日用瓷household china, table ware软瓷soft porcelain杀菌陶瓷antiseptic pottery绳纹陶器Jomon pottery施釉陶器slipware炻瓷stoneware素彩瓷plain porcelain陶earthenware陶瓷pottery无釉陶、陶瓷素烧坯biscuit, unglazed ware锡釉陶majolica细瓷fine china硬瓷hard porcelain赭色粘土陶器terra sigillata紫砂purple granulated, purple sand, terra-cotta工艺技术Technology凹雕intaglio标记marking玻璃化vitrify车削turning成型forming冲压,冲压花repousse瓷土加工clay processing雕刻carving浮雕relief隔焰窑muffle工艺技术technology硅氧键silicon-oxygen bond技艺technique, craft间断窑intermittent kiln浇铸casting拉毛sgraffito连续窑continuous kiln镂雕、镂空piercing辘轳车jigger泥釉彩饰法trailing碾磨grinding抛光burnishing, polishing破裂chip嵌入inlay切刻incising筛子sieve烧制firing陶瓷科技ceramics陶轮potter’s wheel贴花、嵌花appliqué, decal凸雕，底切，拉底，底部掏槽undercut细裂纹craze性能property压印impressing窑kiln印花stamping釉上彩overglazed color figure釉下彩underglazed color figure预加工pre-processing 粘性，粘滞性viscosity, stiffness 转模片jiggered piece转印transfer print装饰décor, decoration其它Others斑点speck半透明translucence, translucency, translucent不渗透的nonporous不透明的opaque茶叶罐caddy单色的monochrome多色的polychrome高白high white, Gaobai工艺品artware鬼工，鬼爷神工demon’s work, kuei kung景德镇Jingdexhen, Ching-te-chen景泰蓝cloisonné绝缘子insulator考古学archaeology可塑的plastic流变学rheology琉璃瓦glazed tile 模型、模特model模子mould耐热heat-proof配方formula盆栽bonsai漆器lacquer work器皿ware秦始皇陵兵马俑life-size terra-cotta soldiers and horses in Chin tomb青铜器bronze work人类学antropology渗透的porous手印，指印finger mark丝网印刷silk screen printing四面体tetrahedral搪瓷，珐琅enamel陶瓷的ceramic陶瓷专家，陶瓷艺术家ceramist陶工potter瓦tile 碗bowl卫生洁具sanitary ware温度temperature硬度hardness釉工glazier圆块，雕球，瘤knob砖brick爱比克泰德Epicteus（活动于520-500 BC）古希腊陶工兼画家何朝宗He Chaozhong（1522-1620）Chinese ceramist in Ming Dynasty,中国明代陶瓷艺术家韦奇伍德Wedgwood（1730-1795）英国著名陶瓷工匠和制造商希腊古瓮颂’Ode on a Crecian Urn’英国诗人济慈Keats（1795-1821）的名诗，惊叹古希腊陶器彩绘之精美陶瓷专业核心词汇AAbsolute alcohol 无水酒精Abrasive paper 砂纸Agate 玛瑙Ageing 陈腐Agitator 搅拌器Albite 钠长石Alkali 碱Alumina 氧化铝（?/FONT> Amber 琥珀Amethyst 紫水晶Allowance 公差Ammonia 氨Amorphous 无定形的Amphora 双耳瓶Ampoule 安瓿（bu，四声）Analytical balance 分析天平Angle brick 角砖Anhydrous gypsum 无水石膏Anisotropic 各向异性的Anneal 退火Anthemion 无烟煤Apparent porosity 显气孔率Aqua regia 王水Application of glaze 施釉Aerometer 比重计Artesian well自流井Asbestos 石棉Asphalt 沥青Atomizing dryer 喷雾干燥Autogenous ignition 自燃Avogadro’s number 阿伏加德罗常数Azote 氮Azure 天蓝色BBakclite 电木Balancing 配平Ball-float valve 浮球阀Ball mill 球磨机Barite 重晶石（硫酸钡）Basalt 玄武岩Batch bucker 料斗Beaker flask 锥形瓶Bearing 轴承Bending stress 弯曲应力Bentonite 膨润土Biotite 黑云母Biscuit fire 素烧Bitumen 沥青Black lead 石墨Blanket feeder 毯式投料机Blank test 空白试验Blende 闪锌矿Blender 混料器Blinding 失透Blue copperas 胆矾Bogie 窑车Bond angle 键角Bond distance 键长Borax 硼砂Boyle’s law 波义耳定律Brinell hardness 布氏硬度Brittle fracture 脆性断裂Brown coal 褐煤Burette 滴定管Burned lime 生石灰补充陶瓷原料Ceramic Material长石feldspar瓷泥petunse, petuntse, petuntze 瓷漆enamel paint, enamel封泥lute高岭土kaolin, china clay硅石,二氧化硅silica, SiO2堇青石cordierite莫来石,红柱石andalusite泥果,坯体clay body 泥釉slip石灰,生石灰,氧化钙lime, calcium oxide, CaO氧化锡tin oxide釉glaze原材料raw material云母mica皂石,块滑石steatitedolomite：白云土terracotta:红土construction/building material :建白材料陶瓷质地和类型Qualities & Types of PotteryWhite Body 白胎碧玉细炻器jasper薄胎瓷thin china / egg-shell porcelain彩陶器,釉陶faience陈设瓷,摆设瓷display china / ornamental porcelain瓷porcelain, china (China ‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词) 赤陶terracotta, terracotta, red earthenware代尔夫精陶delft德化陶瓷Te-hua porcelain, Dehua pottery高温陶瓷refractory china低温陶瓷low-fired porcelain工业陶瓷industrial ceramics工艺瓷,美术瓷,艺术瓷art porcelain, art and craft china, art pottery, artistic china骨瓷bone china古瓷ancient porcelain官瓷mandarin porcelain光瓷lusterware黑色陶器basalt裂变瓷crackled porcelain裂纹瓷crazed china米色陶器creamware青瓷celadon青花瓷blue and white porcelain轻质瓷、轻瓷light china日用瓷household china, table ware软瓷soft porcelain杀菌陶瓷antiseptic pottery绳纹陶器Rope figure pottery施釉陶器slipware粗瓷stoneware素彩瓷plain porcelain陶earthenware陶瓷pottery无釉陶、陶瓷素烧坯biscuit, unglazed ware 锡釉陶majolica细瓷fine china硬瓷hard porcelain赭色粘土陶器terra sigillata紫砂purple granulated, purple sand, terra-cotta 长石瓷feldspar porcelain瓷牙；牙科用瓷dental porcelain瓷质纱网装饰瓷器lace work porcelain电瓷electrical porcelain雕塑瓷；象牙色帕利安瓷statuary porcelain 高铝瓷high-alumina porcelain锆质瓷zircon porcelain滑石瓷steatite porcelain化学瓷chemical porcelain尖晶石瓷spinel porcelain堇青石瓷cordierite porcelain镁橄榄石瓷forsterite porcelain镁质瓷；氧化镁瓷magnesia porcelain莫来石瓷mullite porcelain耐热瓷器refractory porcelain缥瓷faint coloured porcelain青白瓷greenish white porcelain熔块瓷fritted porcelain三成分瓷器triaxial porcelain钛质瓷titania porcelain天然原料制成的瓷器natural porcelain 透辉石瓷diapside porcelain卫生瓷器sanitary porcelain鸭蛋青瓷duck-egg porcelain氧化铝瓷alumina porcelain原始瓷proto-porcelain皂石瓷soapstone porcelain中火度瓷intermediate porcelainIC管瓷IC packages白云石瓷dolomitic保温耐火砖insulating firebrick--釉面transparent:透明釉的opaque: 不透明釉的pigmented:色釉的crackled:裂纹釉的pearlized :珍珠釉的Color Glaze 花釉White Glaze 白釉Red Glaze 红釉Pearl Glaze 珍珠釉翡翠釉;翠绿釉Kingfisher blue glaze 分相釉phase separation glaze粉青釉lavender grey glaze复合釉;混合铀composite glaze钙釉.石灰釉calcareous glaze盖底釉cladding glaze高硅质釉;硅酸质釉siliceous glaze高温釉hard glaze瓜皮绿釉cucumber green glaze光泽釉bright glaze光泽釉glossy glaze孩儿脸(铜红釉)crushed strawberry red 孩儿脸釉strawberry red glaze海参釉trepang glaze海棠红釉begonia red glaze虹彩釉luster glaze弧坑釉crater glaze虎斑釉tiger-skin glaze琥珀釉amber glaze花釉；复色釉fancy glaze滑石釉talc glaze灰釉ash glaze挥发釉vapour glaze火焰红釉flamboyant red glaze鸡皮釉fowl-skin glaze基础釉parent glaze祭红altar red祭红釉sacrificial red glaze祭蓝altar blue祭蓝釉sacrificial blue glaze荠红釉shiny red glaze荞蓝釉deep blue glaze贾丁尼尔釉Jardiniere glaze碱石灰釉alkaline-calcareous碱釉alkaline glaze豇豆红釉cowpea red glaze豇豆红釉haricot red glaze酱釉；棕釉brown glaze结晶釉crystalline glaze金丝黄釉gold filament yellow glaze金星绿釉aventurine green glaze金星釉；砂金釉aventurine glaze金属釉metallic glaze桔皮釉orange-peel glaze钧釉chun glaze可鲁宾釉（红蓝混合釉）Columbine glaze可帕尔塔釉（盖面透明釉）coperta glaze可溶性釉soluble glaze孔雀蓝釉peacock blue glaze孔雀绿釉peacock green glaze辣椒红釉chilli red glaze郎窑红釉Lang yao red glaze郎窑绿釉Lang yao green glaze梨皮釉pear peel glaze锂辉石釉spodumene glaze流纹釉flowing glaze龙皮釉dragon-skin glaze卵青釉egg and spinach glaze罗宾蛋壳釉（乳白青绿色）robin\'s-egg glaze罗金厄姆釉（紫褐色铅釉）Rockingham glaze麻点釉sesame pot glaze梅子青釉plum green glaze美人醉釉beauty\'s flush glaze米黄色釉；奶油色釉cream glaze面釉cover glaze墨地三彩tricolour with china-ink南京黄釉（金黄-棕色）Nankin yellow glaze泥浆釉；易熔粘土釉slip glaze凝固釉（釉浆与明胶的混合物）solidified glaze牛血红釉ox-blood glaze牛血红釉sang-de-boeuf (法语）硼釉boracic glaze葡萄紫釉grap purple glaze铅硼釉lead borate glaze铅釉lead glaze茄皮紫釉aubergine glaze青瓷釉celadon glaze日本风格的铁系花釉；天目釉的日本译名tessha glaze 熔块釉fritted glaze乳白釉opaline glaze乳光釉opalescence glaze乳鼠皮釉mousie skin glaze砂金釉；金星釉gold stone glaze鲨皮釉（有皱纹特征）[日本]shark-shin glaze 鳝皮绿釉green eel-skin glaze鳝皮釉eel-skin glaze鳝鱼黄釉eel yellow鳝鱼青釉eel bluish green glaze蛇皮绿釉green snake-skin glaze蛇皮釉snake-skin glaze生料釉raw glaze生铅釉raw lead glaze失透釉devitrification glaze石灰釉lime glazeCrack Glaze 纹片釉Color Glaze with gold 色釉金彩工艺技术Technology凹雕intaglio标记marking玻璃化vitrify车削turning成型forming冲压,冲压花repousse瓷土加工clay processing雕刻carving浮雕relief隔焰窑muffle工艺技术technology硅氧键silicon-oxygen bond技艺technique, craft间断窑intermittent kiln浇铸casting拉毛sgraffito连续窑continuous kiln镂雕、镂空piercing辘轳车jigger泥釉彩饰法trailing碾磨grinding抛光burnishing, polishing破裂chip嵌入inlay切刻incising筛子sieve烧制firing陶瓷科技ceramics陶轮potter’s wheel贴花、嵌花appliqué, decal凸雕，底切，拉底，底部掏槽undercut细裂纹craze性能property压印impressing窑kiln印花stamping釉上彩overglazed color figure釉下彩underglazed color figure预加工pre-processing 粘性，粘滞性viscosity, stiffness 转模片jiggered piece转印transfer print装饰décor, decorationCut edge切割边缘Scalloped扇形边的陶瓷成品杯mugMeat Plate, Round-edge 荷口汤盘Soup Plate 汤盘Tea cup 茶杯Tea Saucer 茶杯碟Creamer 奶壶Bowl ( Rice pot , Fan-zong) 饭碗Coffee cup / Saucer 咖啡杯碟Tea cup/Saucer茶杯/碟Milk pot 奶壶Salad Bowl 沙拉碗Shaker 筛Tureen 汤窝Duck bowl 鸭碗Rice Bowl 饭碗Rice bowl Flaring 反口碗Rice bowl rope 反口碗Saucer, thick body 厚碟Bowl with cover 盖碗Cylindrical Decor 直身杯碟Tea Pot, Persimmon Shape No. 2 2号筛壶Plate with handle/ heat plate, thick带把手的厚碟4.5”Rice Bowl Flaring 4.5`反口碗Platter 大浅盘Vase 花瓶Fish Bowl 鱼缸Fruit Plate 水果盘Deep Plate深盘Pepper Jar 胡椒瓶pepper cellarSalt Jar 盐瓶Salt sellarSeasoning Dish 格碟Food Mixing Bowl 斗碗Table wares Set 餐具Teacup with saucer 茶杯碟Christmas Toys 小丑Goddess of Mercy 观音Eight Immortals of ancient Figures 八仙God of longevity with lad 寿星God of wealth/Treasure/Longevity 财神Porcelain figuring 人物Mask 面具Oval plate 鱼盘Meat Plate 拼盘Flat Plate 平盘Soup Plate 汤盘Porcelain for daily use 日用陶瓷Porcelain for artistic 工艺陶瓷Porcelain for display 陈列陶瓷the imitation of antique porcelain 仿古陶瓷labels for porcelain 花纸Gold-embossed porcelain 刷金vats 盆Corrugated cardboard boxes 皱硬纸板箱Fleur bouquet 花篮13pec Chinese Tea Pot6pec Decorated Mug setCow mobile 6/s 动态牛Single unicorn独角兽（麒麟）Spoon RestCandle holder 烛座Vase open-work 通花瓶flower pot 花瓶Pair of horse, brown 棕色对马15pes “chaozhou”tea service 15头潮州茶具Sugar pot 糖罐inner box bubble 气泡袋Polly foam polybag 胶袋Lamp stand 灯台Foamed Plastic 泡莫塑料Lampshade 灯罩Candlestick 烛台其它Others斑点speck半透明translucence, translucency, translucent不渗透的nonporous不透明的opaque茶叶罐caddy单色的monochrome多色的polychrome高白high white, Gaobai工艺品artware鬼工，鬼爷神工demon’s work, kuei kung景德镇Jingdexhen, Ching-te-chen景泰蓝cloisonné绝缘子insulator考古学archaeology可塑的plastic流变学rheology琉璃瓦glazed tile 模型、模特model模子mould耐热heat-proof配方formula盆栽bonsai漆器lacquer work器皿ware秦始皇陵兵马俑life-size terra-cotta soldiers and horses in Chin tomb青铜器bronze work人类学antropology渗透的porous手印，指印finger mark丝网印刷silk screen printing四面体tetrahedral搪瓷，珐琅enamel陶瓷的ceramic陶瓷专家，陶瓷艺术家ceramist陶工potter瓦tile 碗bowl卫生洁具sanitary ware温度temperature硬度hardness釉工glazier圆块，雕球，瘤knob砖brick爱比克泰德Epicteus（活动于520-500 BC）古希腊陶工兼画家何朝宗He Chaozhong（1522-1620）Chinese ceramist in Ming Dynasty,中国明代陶瓷艺术家韦奇伍德Wedgwood（1730-1795）英国著名陶瓷工匠和制造商希腊古瓮颂’Ode on a Crecian Urn’英国诗人济慈Keats（1795-1821）的名诗，惊叹古希腊陶器彩绘之精美在线英汉－汉英科技大词典中含有“瓷”的词汇瓷porcelain; china瓷把手porcelain handle瓷板vitrolite瓷保险丝盒porcelain fuse box瓷杯porcelain cup瓷插入式熔丝porcelain plug fuse瓷插头porcelain plug瓷插座porcelain receptacle瓷茶壶china tea-pot瓷衬ceramic liner; porcelain lining瓷衬底印刷电路ceracircuit瓷衬球磨机porcelain mill瓷充填porcelain filling瓷灯头porcelain lamp holder瓷灯罩porcelain lamp shade瓷电容器porcelain condenser瓷雕porcelain carving; sculpture porcelain瓷断流器porcelain cut-out瓷断面porcelain fracture瓷防水拉线开关porcelain water proof cord switch瓷粉充填器porcelain plugger瓷粉调板porcelain slab瓷粉调刀porcelain cement spatula瓷管porcelain tube; porcelain pipe瓷管道porcelain duct瓷管型油断路器porcelain type oil circuit breaker瓷罐porcelain jar; porcelain pot瓷辊porcelain roller瓷过滤棒porcelain filtering stick瓷过滤漏斗porcelain filtering funnel瓷合金刀具porcelain alloy cutter瓷横担绝缘子porcelain-arm insulator瓷花金属板plaque瓷环过滤器porcelain ring filtre瓷火花塞porcelain spark plug; stone plug瓷基体porcelain basal body瓷夹cleat insulator; porcelain clip瓷夹布线cleat wiring瓷件粘接剂binder for porcelain paste瓷胶porcelain cement瓷胶结砂轮vitrified grinding stone瓷接线盒porcelain covered connector瓷进线套管porcelain lead-in bushing瓷绝缘porcelain insulating; ceramic type insulation瓷绝缘体porcelain insulator瓷绝缘子式断流器porcelain clad type circuit breaker 瓷绝缘子线轴porcelain spool insulator瓷壳保险丝porcelain fuse; porcelain cartridge fuse瓷壳接线盒porcelain connector瓷蓝ceramic cobalt blue; cobalt blue瓷料porcelain瓷漏斗Buchner filter; Buchner funnel; porcelain funnel瓷螺丝灯头porcelain screw holder瓷螺丝灯座porcelain screw socket瓷面porcelain facing瓷面具porcelain mask瓷面纸porcelain paper瓷皿porcelain dish瓷模ceramic former瓷磨porcelain mill瓷磨球porcelain media瓷钮porcelain knob瓷盘电阻器porcelain disc resistor瓷盘绝缘子porcelain cup瓷配件porcelain accessory; porcelain fitting瓷硼钙石bakerite瓷片ceramic chip瓷平底漏斗Buchner filter瓷瓶porcelain insulator瓷瓶穿钉insulator bolt瓷瓶球磨机pot mill瓷瓶式电流互感器porcelain clad current transformer瓷瓶式断路器porcelain clad circuit breaker瓷漆enamel lacquer; enamel paint; enamel varnish瓷漆刷enamel brush瓷器china; chinaware; porcelain; porcelain ware; hard paste porcelain; true porcelain在线英汉－汉英科技大词典中含有“瓷”的词汇(2)瓷器餐具porcelain dinner-ware瓷器残片fragment of pottery瓷器店china shop瓷器结合剂porcelain cement瓷器制造日期印记date-letter; date mark瓷器装饰decoration of porcelain瓷嵌体porcelain inlay瓷球磨机porcelain ball mill瓷裙porcelain patticoat瓷燃烧管porcelain combustion tube瓷燃烧舟porcelain combustion boat瓷绕线管绝缘子porcelain bobbin insulator瓷三角架porcelein triangle瓷色料porcelain color瓷砂石porcelain sandstone瓷勺皿porcelain casserole瓷石china stone; porcelain stone瓷室porcelain chamber瓷首饰porcelain jewellery瓷栓porcelain knob瓷胎porcelain body瓷胎画珐琅enamel painting on porcelain瓷胎竹编bamboo over porcelain瓷套冠porcelain jacket crown瓷套管porcelain bushing shell; porcelain through insulator; porcelain sleeve; porcelain bushing 瓷套管绝缘子porcelain through insulator瓷天线绝缘子porcelain antenna insulator瓷贴花印刷油墨ceramic ink瓷头螺丝porcelain head screw瓷头铜螺丝pottery topped brass screw瓷土porcelain clay; china-clay; kaoline瓷土粉china clay in powder瓷土熟料china-clay chamotte瓷托porcelain plate瓷托托牙porcelain base denture瓷外罩porcelain housing瓷弯管porcelain elbow tube瓷相学ceramography瓷芯porcelain core瓷旋流器porcelain cyclone瓷牙porcelain teeth; mineral teeth瓷牙的odontoceramics瓷牙面facing porcelain瓷牙学ceramodontia瓷牙制作术odontoceramotechny瓷研钵porcelain mortar瓷眼porcelain eye瓷样的porcellaneous; porcellanous瓷仪器porcelain utensil瓷用色料porcelain colour瓷釉ceramic glaze; porcelain glaze瓷釉剥落shivering瓷釉电容器glaze capacitor瓷圆柱体porcelain cylinder瓷渣pitchers瓷罩式变流器porcelain clad type current transformer瓷罩式电流互感器porcelain clad current transformer瓷罩式断流器porcelain clad circuit breaker瓷枕porcelain pillow瓷支持绝缘子porcelain support insulator瓷制多孔滤筒bougie瓷制门把手door-handle of porcelain瓷制球磨罐jar mill瓷制珍珠porcelain pearl瓷质porcelain瓷质胶粉porcelain cement瓷质绝缘子porcelain insulator瓷质卫生器vitreous-china sanitary ware瓷质悬挂隔电子suspension porcelain瓷珠porcelain bead; knob insulator瓷柱porcelain knob; knob insulator瓷柱布线knob wiring柱瓷管布线knob-and-tube wiring瓷砖ceramic tile; enamel tile; porcelain tile; tile 瓷砖锤tile hammer瓷砖刀tile cutter瓷砖机wall tile press瓷砖胶glue for tile瓷砖嵌镶tile fillet瓷砖清洗剂tile cleaner瓷座放大镜magnifying mirror with ceramic foot。

陶瓷介绍英语作文100英文回答：Ceramics, a versatile and diverse material, have played a significant role throughout human history, serving both functional and aesthetic purposes.Origins and Composition:Ceramics are solid, inorganic, and non-metallic materials made primarily from clay minerals, such as kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonite. These minerals, when combined with water and shaped, undergo a transformation through a process called firing, resultingin the formation of a durable and heat-resistant structure.Types of Ceramics:The wide range of ceramic materials is classified based on their composition, firing temperature, and intended use.Some common types include:Earthenware: Fired at low temperatures, porous and absorbent, often used for pottery, tiles, and bricks.Stoneware: Fired at higher temperatures, denser andless porous, suitable for cookware, dinnerware, andsanitary ware.Porcelain: Fired at the highest temperatures, vitreous, non-porous, and highly durable, valued for fine tableware and decorative pieces.Advanced Ceramics: Special formulations with unique properties, such as electrical insulators, thermal barriers, and optical components.Properties and Applications:Ceramics possess exceptional properties that make them suitable for a myriad of applications:Strength and Durability: Their strong atomic bonds and rigid molecular structure provide resistance to mechanical damage, wear, and high temperatures.Chemical Inertness: They are non-reactive with most chemicals, making them ideal for use in corrosive environments and as chemical containers.Electrical and Thermal Insulators: Their low electrical and thermal conductivity enables them to block heat and electricity, making them valuable in electrical components and thermal insulation.Biocompatibility: Certain ceramics, such as zirconia and alumina, are biocompatible and can be used in medical implants and dental restorations.Cultural and Artistic Significance:Beyond their practical uses, ceramics have a rich cultural and artistic legacy:Pottery: The art of shaping clay into functional and decorative objects dates back to ancient civilizations and continues to be a thriving craft today.Ceramics in Art: From intricate sculptures to ceramic paintings, ceramics have been used extensively in artistic expression, showcasing their versatility and beauty.Archaeological Insights: Ceramic artifacts provide valuable insights into past societies, revealing their technological advancements, cultural practices, and aesthetic preferences.Environmental Considerations:Sustainability is increasingly important in ceramic production. Efforts are made to reduce energy consumption, minimize waste, and incorporate eco-friendly materials:Recyclability: Some ceramics, such as tiles, bricks, and pottery, can be recycled and repurposed.Non-toxic Materials: Ceramic glazes and pigments are now formulated to be free of harmful substances, reducing environmental impact.Sustainable Manufacturing: Innovations in manufacturing processes aim to reduce emissions, conserve water, and promote responsible disposal of waste.Conclusion:Ceramics, with their remarkable properties and versatility, have played a pivotal role in human civilization. From ancient pottery to modern advanced materials, they continue to inspire innovation, fulfill functional needs, and enrich our lives through theirartistic expression.中文回答：陶瓷简介。