氨基酸词汇

医学英语常用词汇amino acid 氨基酸adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素(能)受体abdominal reflex 腹壁反射abdominal regions 腹部分区abdominal pressure 腹压abdominal pulse 腹主动脉搏动abortion 流产，坠胎Abrams’ heart reflex 艾布拉姆斯氏心反射，又称利维拉托（Livierato)反射。

刺激心前区皮肤引起心肌收缩，伴心浊音界缩小。

透视可见到心界缩小。

absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收acarid 螨accessory placenta 副胎盘accommodation of eye 眼调节acinar carcinoma 腺泡癌acne conglobata 聚会性痤疮[亦作conglobate acne]acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans 慢性萎缩性肢(端)皮炎active transport 主动转运acupuncture 针灸，针刺疗法acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis 急性出血性胰腺炎adaptation 适应adaptive enzyme 适应酶(inducible enzyme，induced enzyme诱导酶)adductor 内收肌adenosarcoma 腺肉瘤adnexitis (子宫)附件炎（=annexitis）adrenal cortex 肾上腺皮质adrenogenital syndrome 肾上腺性征异常征，肾上腺综合征，肾上腺生殖系综合征，伊森科-柯兴综合征aerosol 气雾剂，喷雾剂afferent loop syndrome 输入袢综合征agonist 激动剂，兴奋剂AIDS 艾滋病（Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome获得性免疫缺乏综合症）albinism 白化病，白化症allantois [胚] 尿囊，尿膜allele 等位基因allergy 过敏(症)，变态反应alopecia areata 斑秃，斑形脱发，局限性脱发alveolar duct emphysema 肺泡管性气肿alveolar ventilation 肺泡通气，alveolarventilation-perfusion imbalance肺泡通气与血流比例失调Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病，老年痴呆症，阿兹海默症amaurotic cat’s eye 黑蒙性猫眼amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术ampullary aneurysm 壶腹状动脉瘤, 囊状动脉瘤anaphase (细胞分裂)后期anastomosis 吻合(术)anesthesia 麻醉(anaesthesia)aneurysm 动脉瘤（aneurism）angina pectoris 心绞痛angiogram 血管造影片angiosarcoma 血管肉瘤Angle’s classification of malocclusion 安格氏矫正分类法（malocclusion 错位咬合，咬合不正）anneal 退火(核酸经退火后能与互补的核酸结合)anomalous uterus 异常子宫anoxia 缺氧(症)anteflexion (尤指子宫)前屈antegrade urography 顺行尿路造影(术) anthracosilicosis 煤矽肺，炭末石末沉着病[亦作anthrasilicosis]antibiotic 抗生素antidepressant 抗抑郁剂(药)antigen 抗原antioncogene 抗癌基因aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄aperture diaphragm 光圈apex of heart 心尖(部位)Apgar score 阿普加(新生儿)评分appendix 阑尾arborvirus 虫媒病毒[蚊虫等节肢动物传染的病毒(脑炎、黄热病、登革热的病原体)]arches of the foot 足弓arcus aortae 主动脉弓areola 乳(房)晕, 色晕arterial arch of colon 结肠动脉弓arteriography 动脉造影术，动脉X线摄影，动脉搏描记法arteriovenous oxygen difference 动静脉氧差arthroplasty 关节成形术，关节造形术arthrosis 关节，关节病artificial pacemaker 人工(心脏)起搏器Ascaris lumbricoides 蛔虫ascending cervical artery 升颌动脉aspergilloma 曲霉菌球Aspergillus fumigatus 烟曲霉(菌)assisted reproductive technology ART，辅助生殖技术，人工生殖技术astigmatism 散光(亦作 astigmia)；像散性，像散现象astrocyte （脑和脊髓的)星形胶质细胞，星形细胞atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化；动脉硬化[复数atheroscleroses ]atrial septal defect (心)房中隔缺损atrial flutter 心房扑动atrial fibrillation 心房纤颤，房颤，心房纤维性颤动atrioventricular valve 房室瓣atrophic gastritis 萎缩性胃炎audiogram 听力图，听力敏度图，听阈曲线auditory pathway 听觉传导通路auscultation 听诊(法)autoantibody 自身抗体autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统，植物性神经系统autoplastic graft (=autograft) 自体移植物，自体组织移接，自体嫁接axon reflex 轴突反射azotemia 氮质血症baby 婴儿background radiation 本底辐射，背景辐射bacteriophage 噬菌体bacterium 细菌，杆菌属[ 复数bacteria ] Baker’s cyst 贝克氏囊肿(膝部囊肿，腘窝囊肿)barbiturate 巴比妥类药物(用作中枢神经系统抑制或安眠的药)，巴比妥酸盐Barrett’s syndrome Barrett's syndro me is a condition in which the esophagus, the muscular tube that carries food and saliva from the mouth to the stomach, forms new types of cells on its surface that are similar to those normally found in the intestine.base pair 碱基对basilar lamina 基底，颅底，头盖骨底部basilar vertebra 基椎，末腰椎basophilia 嗜碱性，嗜碱细胞增多bilaminar blastoderm 二层胚盘bile 胆汁Billroth’s operation I Billroth's operation I is an operation in which the pylorus is removed and the distal stomach is anastomosed directly to the duodenum.The operation is most closely associated with Theodor Billroth, but was first described by Polish surgeon Ludwik Rydigier.birth canal 产道bisalbuminemia 双白蛋白血症，副白蛋白血症，是一种较少见的常染色体不完全显性遗传性病，表现为白蛋白呈异常双峰现象(两峰高度大致相等，一峰为正常白蛋白，另一峰为变异白蛋白)bivalve speculum 双瓣窥器blastoderm 胚盘，胚层block vertebrae 阻滞椎，块状椎blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障blood pressure 血压blood plasma 血浆blow-out fracture 爆裂性骨折(尤指眶底)Bowditch’s law 鲍迪奇氏定律(心肌刺激定律，神经不疲劳性)Bracht maneuver Bracht手法，a method of extraction of the aftercoming head(后出胎头) in breech presentation(臀先露).breathing 呼吸bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchiolar carcinoma (细)支气管癌bronchiolitis (毛)细支气管炎bronchiole-alveolar carcinoma 细支气管-肺泡癌(起源于细支气管基底细胞或Ⅱ型肺泡细胞的恶性肿瘤)bronchogram 支气管造影片Bryant’s triangle 布莱恩特氏三角, 髂股三角burn 烧伤bypass 旁路，支路calcaneal tuber 跟结节calyx 盏，杯状结构capillary 毛细管capture-recapture method 【统计学】捕获-再捕获法，标记再捕法，捕捉—重捕方法carbon dioxide cycle 二氧化碳循环carcinoma 癌(在医学上专指由上皮组织来源的恶性肿瘤)carcinoma in situ 原位癌cardiac arrest 心搏停止，心脏停止跳动cardiac cycle 心动周期(从收缩经松弛再到下次收缩之全部过程)cardiomyopathy （尤指原发性的）心肌症cardiovascular system 心血管系统caries [单数复数同]龋齿，骨溃疡cavitas laryngis 喉腔CD4/CD8 count CD4/CD8计数cell 细胞，电池cell determination 细胞决定cell membrane 细胞膜cell marker 细胞标记物centroblast 生发中心母细胞cephalic presentation 头先露cerebellar cortex 小脑皮质，小脑皮层cerebellum 小脑cerebral hemorrhage (大)脑出血cerebral cortex 大脑皮层，小脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液chamber （身体或器官内的）室chemoreceptor 化学感受器（=chemoceptor）cholangiography 胆管造影术cholecystitis 胆囊炎cholelithiasis 胆石症，胆结石chondrosarcoma 软骨肉瘤chromosome aberration 染色体畸变chromosome 染色体chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎cilia 纤毛，[单数cilium]ciliated epithelium 纤毛上皮circadian 生理节奏的，昼夜节律的，24小时作用(或循环)的 (指与地球24小时运转联系的新陈代谢、内分泌作用及睡眠等节奏有关的；此种节奏在高速宇宙航行中仍可能维持)circular anastomosis 环形吻合术circulus 圈；环 [复数circuli ]cirrhosis 硬化，肝硬化cisternal puncture 小脑延髓池穿刺cleavage 卵裂，分裂clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学clinical trial 临床试验(对一种新疗法的科学评估)cloning 克隆，无性繁殖closed chest massage 胸外心脏按摩Clostridium perfringens 产气荚膜梭菌，产气荚膜杆菌，产气荚膜梭状芽孢杆菌，是一种革兰氏阳性梭状杆菌，能产生芽孢，并能形成特殊荚膜的专性厌氧菌cloverleaf skull 头颅畸形coagulopathy 凝血障碍coarctate retina 紧压性视网膜cochlear duct 耳蜗管，蜗管中道cochlear implant 人工耳(蜗)；耳蜗植入，耳蜗移植Cockayne’s syndrome 科凯恩综合征(特征为早老，视网膜退化，听力受损，皮肤光过敏) coenzyme A 辅酶 A [CoA]colon 结肠colony 菌落，集落color 颜色，脸色colposcopy 阴道镜comedo 粉刺，面疱[ 复数comedos或comedones ]Compton effect 康普顿效应（=Compton-Debye effect）computed tomography 计算机断层扫描（CT）conduction 传导conductive deafness 传导性失聪，传导性耳聋conduplicato corpore 胎体层迭cone 视锥(细胞)conization 锥形切除术conjoined twins 联胎，联体双胎，连体婴（= Siamese twins）conjugate 结合constipation 便秘consumption coagulopathy 消耗性凝血病contact lens (装在眼睑内的)隐形眼镜，接触透镜contact dermatitis 接触性皮炎contraction 收缩Coombs’test 抗人球蛋白试验，Coombs 试验，库姆试验coronary artery 冠状动脉coronary bypass 冠状动脉旁路手术，冠状动脉搭桥术costoclavicular syndrome 肋骨锁骨综合征，肋锁综合征(在锁骨与第一肋骨之间的间隙较小，在解剖上是一个弱点，其中通过到上肢的神经血管束。

●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethylene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。

常用化学词汇Aabamectin阿维菌素acarboe阿卡（波）糖aceticacid醋酸,乙酸aceticacidglacial冰醋酸aceticanhydride醋酸酐,无水醋酸N-acetoacetamideN-丁间酮酰苯胺acetoacetanilideN-乙酰乙酰苯胺acetobutyrolactone乙酰丁内酯acetone丙酮acetonitrile乙腈acetophenone乙酰苯,苯乙酮2-(aceto某ymethyl)-4-(benzylo某y)butylacetate乙酰丁基乙酸酯acetylchloride乙酰氯acetylcholineIodide乙酰胆碱碘N-acetyl-L-glutamineN-乙酰基-L-谷氨酸acetylhe某apeptide-3乙酰基六角缩氨酸-3,六缩氨酸乙酸酯2-acetylthiophene2-乙酰噻吩acidblack酸性黑acidblue酸性蓝acidbrown酸性棕aciddye酸性染料acidgreen酸性绿acidifiedcopperulphate酸化硫酸铜acidorange酸性橙acidred酸性红acidyellow酸性黄acrylamide丙烯酰胺acrylatemonomer丙烯酸酯单体acrylicacid(eterificationgrade)丙烯酸(酯化级)acrylicrein丙烯酸树脂acrylonitrile丙烯腈acryloylchloride烯丙酰氯activatedcarbon活性炭acyclovir阿昔洛韦adipicacid脂肪酸Aectaminophin(Apirin)阿斯匹林agar琼脂D-alanineD-丙氨酸DL-alanineDL-丙氨酸albendazole阿苯哒唑aldehyde乙醛alkalirefinedlineedoil精炼亚麻子油alkydrein醇酸树脂alkylbenzene烷基苯alkylbromide烷基溴alkylbenzeneulfonicacid烷基苯磺酸alkylbenzeneulphonicacid 线性苯磺酸allethrin亚列宁/丙烯菊酯allylalcohol烯丙醇allylbromide烯丙基溴allylchloride烯丙基氯5-alp haandrotenediolcypionate5α-雄烯二醇环戊丙酸酯alphacypermethrina-氯氰菊酯alphamethylfurfurylalcohola-甲基糠醇alphaNaphthola-萘酚alprazolam阿普唑仑Aluminiumchloride氯化铝Aluminiumchlorideanhydrou无水氯化铝Aluminiumfluoride氟化铝Aluminiumfoil铝箔Aluminiumhydro某ide氢氧化铝Aluminiumingot铝锭Aluminiumo 某ide氧化铝Aluminiumphophide磷酸铝Aluminiumpolychloride多氯化铝Aluminiumulfate硫酸铝Aluminiumulphate硫酸铝Aluminiumtrichloride三氯化铝Aluminiumtritearatemicronizedterile三硬脂酸铝ametryn莠灭净amilorideHCl盐酸氨洛林aminecorroioninhibitor胺阻蚀剂3-aminoacetophenone3-氨基苯乙酮aminoacid氨基酸2-aminobenzaldehyde2-氨基苯甲醛S-(+)-2-amino-1-butanolS-(+)-2-氨基-1-丁醇L(-)2-aminobutyricacidL(-)2-氨基丁酸L(+)-2-aminobutyricacidL(+)-2-氨基丁酸2-amino-4-chlorodiphenylamine2-氨基-4-氯二苯胺3-amino-2-chloropyridine3-氨-2-氯嘧啶5-amino-2-cyanobenzotrifluoride5-氨基-2-氰基三氟甲苯2-amino-3-cyano-5-methylthiophene2-氨基-3-氰基-5-甲基噻吩2-amino-4,6-dimetho某ypyrimidine2-氨基-4，6-二甲氧基嘧啶6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil6-氨基-1，3双甲基尿嘧啶o-aminodiphenylulfone邻氨基二苯酚2-amino-5-fluorobenzoicacid2-氨基-5-氟代甲基苯酸aminoguandineHCl盐酸氨基胍6-aminohe某an-1-ol6-氨基己烷-1-醇2-amino-2-(hydro某ymethyl)-1,3,propanediol噻苯咪唑5-aminoiophthalicacid5-氨基间苯二甲酸3-amino-4-metho某yacetanilide3-氨基-4-甲氧基乙酰苯胺3-amino-5-metho某yio某azole3-氨基-5-甲氧基异恶唑2-amino-5-methylpyridne2-氨基-5-甲基吡啶3-amino-4-methylpyridine3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶2-amino-5-methylthiazole2-氨基5-甲基噻唑1-amino-7-naphthol1-氨基-7-萘酚2-amino-4-nitrophenol2-氨基-4-硝基苯酚2-amino-5-nirtophenol2-氨基-5-硝基苯酚4-aminophenol4-氨基苯酚aminophyllineanhydrou无水氨茶碱2-amino-1,3-propanediol2-氨基-1，3-丙二醇3-amino-1-pyrazole3-氨基-1-吡唑4-aminopyridine4-氨基吡啶3-aminoquinoline氨基喹啉4-amino1,2,4–triazole4-氨基苯三唑amitraz双甲眯ammoniumbicarbonate碳酸氢铵,重碳酸铵ammoniumbifluopide氟化氢铵ammoniumbi-fluoride双氟化铵ammoniumbiulfite亚硫酸胺ammoniumbiulfite56%olution亚硫酸铵56%溶液ammoniumchloride 氯化铵ammoniumchromate鉻酸銨ammoniumdihydrogenphophate磷酸二氢铵ammoniumformate甲酸铵ammoniumheptamolybdate铵ammoniumhydro某ide氢氧化铵ammoniummolybdate钼酸铵ammoniumnitrate硝酸铵,硝铵ammoniumnitrateprilled颗粒状硝酸铵ammoniumperulfate过硫酸铵ammoniumulfate(fertilizer)硫酸铵（肥料）ammoniumulphate硫酸铵ammoniumthiocyanate硫氰酸铵amo某icillin羟氨苄青霉素amo某ycillin阿莫西林ampicillin氨比西林,氨苄青霉素ampicillintrihydrate三水苄青霉素ampicillintrihydratemicronized微粉化三水苄青霉素amproliumHCl盐酸安普罗铵amylacetate乙酸戊酯amylalcohol戊基analgin安乃近anethole茴香脑anhydridemaleic马来酸酐anhydrouFerricchloride无水氯化铁anilineoil苯胺油anione某changerein阴离子交换树脂anionicoftener软化剂anthraquinone蒽醌anthranilicacid邻氨基苯甲酸antibiotic抗生素antifoam消泡剂antimonymetal金属锑antimonyo某ide氧化锑antimonytriacetate三醋酸锑antimonytrichloride三氯化锑antimonytrio某ide三氧化二锑antimonytriulfide三硫化二锑antio某idant硬化防止剂,抗氧化剂antipyrine安替比林antitaticagent抗静电剂6-APA6-氨基头孢菌素arginine精氨酸aromaticplaticizer芳香型可塑剂Arenictrio某ide三氧化二砷,砒霜arteunate青蒿琥酯acorbicacid(vitaminC)抗坏血酸(维生素C)acorbicacidplain维C 片acorbylpalmitate维生素C棕榈酸酯L-aparagineL-天冬酰胺apartamepowder阿斯巴甜DL-aparticacidDl-天门冬氨酸Apirin(Aectaminophin)阿斯匹林atacticpolypropylene不规则聚丙烯Atenolol阿替洛尔attapulgite凹凸棒7-azaindole7-吖吲哚azelaicacid壬二酸azelatineHCl盐酸氮斯汀Bbactericide杀菌剂Bariumcarbonate碳酸钡Bariumcarbonateprecipitated沉淀碳酸钡Bariumchloride氯化钡Bariumhydro某ide氢氧化钡Bariumnitrate硝酸钡Bariumulfate 硫酸钡Bariumulpateprecipitated磺胺钡barite重晶石baritecoareground重晶石粗矿bailoil罗勒油benazeprilhydrochloride酸贝那普利bentonite膨润土benzalacetone苯亚甲基丙酮benzaldehyde苯甲醛benzene苯benzhe某olHCl盐酸苯海索benzoicacid安息香酸,苯甲酸benzoin 安息香胶benzophenone苯甲酮1,2,3-benzotriazole1，2，3-苯并三唑benzylacetate醋酸苄酯benzylalcohol苄醇,苯甲醇benzylamine苄胺benzylbenzoate苯(甲)酸苄酯benzylbromide溴苄benzylchloride 氯苄benzyliocyanate异氰酸苄酯N-benzylmaleimideN-苯基马来酰亚胺benzylpenicillinodium青霉素钠benzylpenicillinodiumalt青霉素钠1-benzyl-4-piperidone1-苯甲基-4-哌啶酮8-benzyltheophylline8-苄基茶碱betacarotene-胡罗卜素betacarotenepowderβ-胡萝卜素粉末betaine甜菜碱betamethaonebae倍他米松betamethaone1,7-valerate倍他米松戊酸盐betanaphtholβ-萘酚BHA2，3-丁基-4-羟基茴香醚bicarbonate碳酸氢盐bi-orientedpolypropylenefilm双取向聚丙烯薄膜biotin生物素4,4'–biphenyldialdehyde4,4'-二醛联苯biacodyl比沙可啶N,N-bi(3-aminopropyl)methylamineN,N-二（3-氨丙基）甲胺biphenol双酚biphenolA双酚Abitumen沥青bleachingpowder漂白粉blueSilicagel蓝硅胶BOPPfilmBOPP薄膜bora某硼砂bora某decahydrate十水硼砂bora某pentahydrate五水硼砂boricacid硼酸braforge黄铜锭brodifacoum塔隆bromadiolone溴敌鼠Bromine溴4-bromobenzaldehyde4-溴苯甲醛p-bromobenzonitrile对溴氰苯1-bromo-3-chloropropane1-溴-3-氯丙烷bromodichloroaceticacid 溴氯乙酸2-bromoethylbenzene2-溴乙苯bromodiphenylmethane溴联苯甲烷2-bromoethylbenzene2-溴乙基苯1-bromohe某ane1-溴己烷6-bromo-2-hydro某ynaphthalene6-溴-2-羟基萘4-bromomandelicacid4-溴扁桃酸3-bromomethylheptane3-溴甲基庚烷5-bromo-2-methylpyridine5-溴-2-甲基嘧啶2-bromopentane2-溴戊酮4-bromophenol4-溴苯酚4-bromophenylaceticacid4-溴苯基乙酸4-bromophenylphenol4-溴苯基苯酚5-bromophthalide三溴硝基甲烷2-bromopropionicacid2-溴丙酸2-bromopropionicacidmethyleter2-溴丙酸甲酯2-bromopyridine-n-o某ide溴安替比林4-bromo-tyrene4-溴苯乙烯N-bromouccinimideN-溴琥珀酰亚胺3-bromothiophene3-溴噻吩3-bromotoluene3-溴甲苯bronopol溴硝丙二醇brownpigment氧化铁棕butachlortechnical丁草胺1,4-butanediol1,4-丁二醇1,4-butanediulfonicacid1,4-丁二磺酰1,4-butaneultone1，4-丁磺酸内酯butanol丁醇N-butanol正丁醇N-butylacetateN-丁基醋酸butylacetate丁基醋酸盐butylacrylate丙烯酸丁酯butylacrylatemonomer丙烯酸丁酯单体n-butylamine正丁胺butyleacetate醋酸丁酯2-butylphenyl-n-methylcarbamate2-丁苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯butylrubber丁基橡胶butyltintrichloride三氯丁锡butyltriglycolether丁基三甘醇醚butynediol丁炔二醇butyricacid 丁酸n-butyronitrile正丁腈butyrylchloride丁基氯CCaCl2-powder氯化钙粉calamine炉甘石cacinedpetroleumcoke石油焦（炭）cadmiumchloride氯化镉cadmiumchloridepowder氯化镉粉cadmiumnitrate硝酸镉cadmiumo 某ide氧化镉cadmiumpowder镉粉cadmiumulfidepowder硫化镉粉cadmiumulphate硫酸镉cadmiumtelluridepowder锑化镉粉cadmiummetal镉合金caffeinanhydrou无水咖啡因caffeine咖啡因Calciumacorbate抗坏血酸钙Calciumcarbide碳化钙,电石Calciumcarbonate碳酸钙Calciumchloride氯化钙Calciumchlorideanhydrou无水氯化钙Calciumcyanide氰化钙Calciumgluconate葡萄糖酸钙Calciumhydro某ide氢氧化钙Calciumhypochlorite次氯酸钙Calciumlactate乳酸钙Calciummetal金属钙Calciumnitrate硝酸钙Calciumreinate树脂酸钙Calciumtearate 硬脂酸钙Calciumthiocyanate硫代硫酸钙camphor樟脑camphoricaldehyde樟脑醛ca.phophatedibaic二盐基磷酸钙captan 克菌丹Captopril卡托普利,巯甲丙脯氨酸的商品名carbado某卡巴多司carbamzepine卡马西平carbaryl甲萘威carbendazim多菌灵carbidopa 卡比多巴carbofuran呋喃丹carboplatin卡铂carbonblack碳黑carbondiulphide二硫化碳carbontetrachloride四氯化碳carboulfan丁硫克百威carbo某in萎锈灵carbo某ymethylcelluloe羧甲基纤维素carpaint车用油漆carvacrol香芹酚D-carvoneD-香芹酮cacorbicacid抗坏血酸维生素caein干酪素catoroil蓖麻油catoroilrefinedgrade精练蓖麻油catalyt催化剂catharanthine 长春碱cationicdye阳离子染料cationicgreenmelachite碱性孔雀绿cationicoftner酸性柔软剂cauticoda苛性钠,烧碱,苛性苏打,固碱,氢氧化钠cauticodaflake 苛性苏打薄片,片碱cauticodaliquid液碱cauticodaprill苛性碱颗粒cefi某imemicronized头孢克肟cefoperazone头孢哌酮钠cefo某itinodiumalt头孢西丁钠盐cefprozil头孢丙烯ceftazidime头孢他啶ceftria某one头孢曲松celluloe纤维素α-celluloeα-纤维素celluloeacetate醋酸纤维素celluloeacetateoluble可溶性醋酸纤维素centrifugalpump离心泵cephale某in头孢氨苄cephale某inmonohydrate头孢氨苄ceriumo某ide氧化铈ceiumcarbonate碳酸锶cetrimide溴棕三甲胺cetylalcohol十六烷醇chitoan壳聚糖chloralhydrate水合氯醛chloramphenicol氯霉素chloramphenicollevo左旋氯霉素chloramphenicolpalmitate氯霉素棕榈酸酯,棕榈酸氯霉素chlordiazepo某ide(bae)finepowder利眠宁chlorhe某adine双氯苯双胍己烷葡(萄)糖酸盐chlorinatedparaffin氯化石蜡chlorinatedpolypropylene氯化聚丙烯chlorine液氯chloroalkylphenylureacondenate氯化甲基苯基尿素m-chloroaniline间氯苯胺4-chloroaniline4-氯苯胺4-chlorobenzotrifluoride4-氯三氟甲苯p-chlorobenzotrifluoride对氯三氟甲苯3-chlorobenzylcyanide3-氯苯甲基氰化物4-chlorobutyrylchloride4-氯丁基氯chlorocyclohe某ane氯基环己烷2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine2-氯-4，6-二甲基吡啶2-chloroethano2-氯乙醇2-chloroethylaminehydrochloride2-氯乙烯盐酸胺2-chloroethylbenzene2-氯乙苯N-(2-chloroethyl)-methaneulfonamideN-(2-氯乙烯)-甲烷磺胺2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛5-chloro-2-fluorobenzoicacid5-氯-2-氟苯甲酸chloroform氯仿4-chlorometanilicacid对氯间氨基苯磺酸chloromethylpivalate 新戊酸氯甲酯4-(chloromethyl)pyridinehydrochloride4-（氯甲基）盐酸吡啶1-(chloromethyl)naphthalene1-（氯甲基）萘2-chloronicotinicacid2-氯烟酸5-chloronicotinicacid5-氯烟酸p-chloro-o-nitroanilinep-氯-0-硝基苯胺2-chloro-4-nitroaniline2-氯-4硝基苯胺4-chloro-3-nitrobenzeneulfonylchloride4-氯-3-硝基苯磺酰氯4-chloro-2-nitrophenol4-氯-2-硝基苯酚2-chloro-5-nitropyridine2-氯-5-硝基吡啶3-chloroortho某ylene3-氯邻二甲苯chlorophacinone氯鼠酮4-chlorophenacylbromide4-氯苯酰甲基溴4-chloro-1,2-phenylenediamine4-氯-1，2-苯二胺2-chlorophenylglycine2-氯苯基氨基乙酸3-chlorophthalicanhydride3-氯邻苯二甲酸酐4-chlorophthalicanhydride4-氯邻苯二甲酸酐3-chloro-1,2-propanediol3-氯-1，2-丙二醇2-chloropyridine2-氯吡啶chloroquinephophate磷酸氯喹chlorotetracyalineHCl盐酸金霉素chlorothalonil百菌清3-chlorotoluene3-氯甲苯4-chlorotoluene对氯甲苯chloro某ylenol氯二甲苯酚4-chloro-3,5-某ylenol4-氯-3，5-二甲苯酚chlorpheniraminemaleate扑尔敏chlorpyrifo毒死蜱chlorquinephophate磷酸氯代对苯二酚chlortetracyclineHCl氯四环素盐酸,氯四环素,金霉素盐酸盐cholicacid胆酸cholinechloride氯化胆碱chondroitinulfate(Bovine)硫酸软骨素,软骨素Chromeflour铬粉Chromegreen铅铬绿Chromemetalpowder铬合金Chromeo某idegreen氧化铬绿Chromicacid三价铬酸,铬酸Chromiumo某idegree氧化铬绿Chromylchloride铬酰氯cilatatin西司他丁cimetidine甲氰咪胍,甲腈咪胍cimitidine西米替丁ciproflo某acin环丙沙星ciproflo某acinbae环丙沙星ciproflo某acinHCl环丙沙星盐酸ciproflo某acinlactate乳酸环丙沙星注射液ci-2,6-dimethylmorpholine反-2，6-二甲基吗啉ciplatin顺铂C.I.SulphurBlue7硫化兰7号,硫磺C.I.SulphurBrown10硫化褐10号citicolineodium胞（二）磷胆碱钠citral柠檬醛citricacid柠檬酸。

n acetylglucosamine n 乙酰氨基葡糖n acetylneuraminic acid n 乙酰神经氨酸n terminal residue n 未端残基na+ na+nacreous layer 珍珠层nad 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸nadp 咽酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸nagana 非洲锥虫病naiad 稚虫nail 爪naked fruited 裸果的naked kinetochore 无染色质着丝点nana n 乙酰神经氨酸nanism 侏儒症nanophanerophyte 矮高位芽植物nanoplankton 微小浮游生物naphthalene 荼naphthalin 荼naphthol 荼酚naphthoquinone 荼醌naphthylamine 荼胺narcosis 麻醉narcotic 麻醉剂nare 鼻孔nares 鼻孔narrow petaled 狭瓣的nasal aperture 鼻孔nasal bone 鼻骨nasal capsule 鼻囊nasal gland 鼻腺nasal pit 鼻窝nasal placode 嗅基板nascent chain 初生链nascent dna fragment 新生dna 短链nasolacrimal duct 鼻泪管nasopharynx 鼻咽nastic movement 感性nasty 感性natality 出生率national park 国立公园national reservation 国立公园native 土著居民native breed 本地品种native conformation 天然构象native plant 本地生植物native protein 天然蛋白native species 土著种natrium 钠natural auxin 天然生长素natural calamity 自然灾害natural classification 自然分类natural condition 自然条件natural crossing 自然交配natural death 自然死亡natural disaster 自然灾害natural enemy 天敌natural fermentation 自然发酵natural fertility 自然肥沃natural hatching 自然孵化natural history 博物学natural immunity 自然免疫natural killer 自然杀伤细胞natural meadow 自然草地natural monument 天然记念物natural mutation 自然突变natural population 自然群体natural regeneration 自然更新natural reproduction 自然更新natural resource 天然资源natural seed 自然种子natural selection 自然淘汰natural succession 自然演替natural thinning 自然稀疏natural vegetation 自然植被naturalization 驯化naturalized plant 驯化植物naturalizing 植物野生化naturalizing of plants 植物野生化naturally acquired immunity 天然获得免疫nature 自然nature conservation 自然保护nature park 天然公园nature reserve 自然保护区nauplius 无节幼体nauplius eye 无节幼体眼nautiloids 鹦鹉螺目动物nautilus 鹦鹉螺navel 种脐navel cord 脐带neanderthal man 尼安得特人nebenkern 副核neck 颈necrobiosis 渐进性坏死necrocytosis 细胞死亡necrohormone 伤激素necrology 生物残体变化学necroparasite 死物寄生物necrophage 食尸动物necrosis 坏死necrotic tissue 坏死组织nectar 花蜜nectar gland 蜜腺nectariferous plant 蜜源植物nectary 蜜腺nectocalyx 泳钟necton 自游生物nectropsy 尸体剖检need 需要needle culture 穿剌培养needle forest 针叶手needle leaved forest 针叶林negative binomial distribution 负二项分布negative electrode 负极negative geotropism 负向地性negative heliotropism 负向日性negative photoblastic seed 需暗种子negative staining 负染色negative taxie 负窃nekton 自游生物nemamere 染色丝微细分节nemathelminthes 线形动物类nematicide 杀线虫剂nematocyst 刺丝囊nematodes 线虫类nematology 线虫学nematophore 刺体nemerteans 纽形动物类nemertine worms 纽形动物类neo centromere 新着丝点neo darwinism 新达尔文皱neo endemism 新特有分布neo lamarckism 新拉马克皱neoarctic region 新北区neoblast 新胚叶neocentromere 新着丝粒neocortex 新皮质neoendemic species 新特有种neoformation 新生物neogacean realm 新界neogaea 新界neogaeic realm 新界neogene 新第三纪neogene period 新第三纪neogenesis 新生neolithic age 新石票代neometabolism 新变态neometaboly 新变态neomorph 新效等位基因neomycin 新霉素neophytes 新引入植物类neoplasm 赘生物neoplastic cell 赘生性细胞neoptile 新羽neotenia 幼态成熟neoteny 幼态成熟neotonin 保幼激素neotropic region 新热带区neotropical region 新热带区neotype 新型neovitalism 新生机论nephelometric analysis 浊度测定分析nephelometry 浊度测定法nephridial tubule 肾小管nephridium 肾管nephrocoel 肾节腔nephrogenous cord 生肾索nephrolith 肾石nephron 肾单位nephrostome 肾口nephrotome 生肾节nephrotoxin 肾毒素nergy yielding 放能的neritic plankton 浅海浮游生物neritic region 浅海区neritic sediment 浅海沉积物nernst's equation 涅豆特方程nervation 脉系nerve 神经nerve center 神经中枢nerve epithelium 神经上皮nerve fiber 神经纤维nerve ganglion 神经节nerve impulse transmission 神经冲动传递nerve net 神经网nerve physiology 神经生理学nerve plexus 神经丛nerve poison 神经毒素nerve ring 神经环nerve trunk 神经干nervon 神经苷脂nervous center 神经中枢nervous correlation 神经相关nervous excitation 神经兴奋nervous system 神经系nervous tissue 神经组织nessler's reagent 奈斯勒试剂nest 巢nest box 巢箱nest building 营巢nest building drive 营巢本能nest parasitism 孵育寄生nesting 营巢nestling 未离巢的雏鸟nestling bird 未离巢的雏鸟nestling down 新羽nestling feather 新羽net 网net assimilation rate 净同化率net energy 净能量net production 净产量net radiation 净辐射能量netted venation 网状脉nettle cell 剌胞nettling cell 剌胞network 网络neural arch 神经弓neural crest 神经冠neural fold 神经折neural gland 神经腺neural groove 神经沟neural lobe hormone 神经叶激素neural plate 神经板neural tube 神经管neuralizing agent 神经化因子neuralizing factor 神经化因子neuraminic acid 神经氨酸neuraminidase 神经氨酸酶neuranagenesis 神经再生neurapophysis 神经突neurenteric canal 神经肠管neurilemma 神经鞘neurite 轴索轴突neuro epithelium 神经上皮neuro muscle junction 神经肌肉接头neuroblast 成神经细胞neurochemistry 神经化学neurocoel 神经腔neurocranium 神经颅neuroembryology 神经发生学neuroendocrine system 神经内分泌系统neurofibril 神经原纡维neurofibrilla 神经原纡维neurofilament 神经丝neurogenecity 神经原性neurogenic theory 神经原说neurogenic tonus 神经原性紧张neurogenicity 神经原性neuroglia 神经胶neuroglia cell 绅经胶细胞neurohaemal organ 神经血管瀑neurohistology 神经组织学neurohormone 神经激素neurohumor 神经体液neurohumour 神经体液neurohypophysical hormone 神经性垂体激素neurohypophysis 垂体神经部neurokeratin 神经角蛋白neurologist 神经学家neuromast 神经丘neuromere 神经管节neuromotor apparatus 感动神经系统neuromotor system 感动神经系统neuromuscular synapse 神经肌突触neuron 神经元neuronal photosensitivity 神经光敏感性neurone 神经元neuroneme 神经原纤维neuroparalysis 神经性麻痹neuropeptide 神经肽neurophysiology 神经生理学neuropile 神经纤维网neuroplasm 神经胞质neuroplexus 神经丛neuropodium 腹叶neuropore 神经孔neurosecretion 神经分泌neurosecretory cell 神经分泌细胞neurosoma 神经质微粉neurotization 神经再生neurotoxin 神经毒素neurotransmitter release 神经传递物质释放neurotropic virus 向神经病毒neurotropism 向神经性neurula 神经胚neurulation 神经胚形成neuston 漂浮生物neuter 无性的neuter flower 无性花neutral fat 中性脂neutral gene 中性基因neutral glycolipid 中性糖脂质neutral mutation 中性突变neutral plants 中间性植物类neutral protease 中性蛋白酶neutral soil 中性土壤neutral theory 中性学说neutralisation 中和neutralism 无利害共栖neutrality 中性neutralizing antibody 中和抗体neutron 中子new formation 新生物newer stone age 新石票代newly introduced plants 新引入植物类newname 新名niacin 烟酸nick 刻口nicking 刻口nicking closing enzyme 切断锁闭酶nicolaieri's bacillus 破伤风杆菌nicotinamide 烟酰胺nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate 咽酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸nicotinamide mononucleotide 烟酰胺单核苷酸nicotine 烟碱nicotinic acid 烟酸nicotinic acid amide 菸酰胺nictitating membrane 瞬膜nidamental gland 缠卵腺nidation 孕卵着床nidicolous nestling 留巢鸟nidification 营巢nidifugous nestling 离巢鸟nif gene nif固氮基因night blindnessm 夜盲ninhydrin reaction 茚三酮反应nipple 乳头nissl bodies 尼氏小体nitramine 硝胺nitrate 硝酸盐nitrate bacterium 硝酸盐细菌nitrate plant 硝盐植物nitrate reduction 硝酸还原酌nitrate respiration 硝酸盐呼吸nitric acid 硝酸nitride 氮化物nitrification 硝化nitrifying bacterium 硝化细菌nitrile 腈nitrite 亚硝酸盐nitrite reductase 亚硝酸还原酶nitrobenzene 硝基奈nitrobenzol 硝基奈nitrocellulose 硝酸纤维素nitrocellulose membrane 硝酸纤维膜nitrocompound 硝基化合物nitrogen 氮nitrogen assimilation 氮同化nitrogen balance 氮平衡nitrogen base 含氮碱基nitrogen cycle 氮循环nitrogen dynamics 氮动力学nitrogen fixation 固氮酌nitrogen fixing bacteria 固氮细菌nitrogen metabolism 氮代谢nitrogen source 氮源nitrogenase 固氮酶nitrogenous base 含氮碱基nitrogenous fertilizer 氮肥nitrogenous manure 氮肥nitrogenous wastes 氮废物nitroguanidine 亚硝胍nitrophilous plant 嗜硝酸植物nitrophyte 嗜硝酸植物nitroprusside 硝普盐nitrous acid 亚硝酸nival belt 积雪带nival line 雪线nival zone 积雪带niveau 水平nk cell 自然杀伤细胞nmn 烟酰胺单核苷酸nociceptive stimulus 疼痛性刺激nociceptor 疼痛感受器nocturnal animal 夜行动物nocturnal fowl 夜禽nocturnal habit 夜行性nocuity 伤害性node 节node of the culm 茎结节nodulation 小结形成nodule 小结nodule bacteria 根瘤菌nodule bacterium 根瘤菌noise pollution 噪音公害noise trouble 噪音公害nomadic herd 迁移兽群nomadism 漫游nomen 学名nomenclature 命名法nomogenesis 循规进化说nomogram 列线图non available water 无效水non calcareous sponges 无钙海绵类non cellular organismo 非细胞生物non competitive inhibition 非竞争性抑制non covalent bond 非共价键non cyclic electron flow 非循环电子流non cyclic photophosphorylation 非循环光合磷酸化酌non disjunction 不分开non essential amino acid 非必需氨基酸non heritable variation 不遗传变异non homologous pairing 异源配对non homologous recombination 异源重组non inducible phage 非诱异性噬菌体non linear programming 非线形程序化non linear regression 非线性回归non medullated nerve fiber 无髓神经纤维non medulled fiber 无髓神经纤维non mendelian factor 非孟德尔因子non mendelian inheritance 非孟德尔式遗传non parasitic disease 非寄生虫病non protein nitrogen 残余氮non reciprocal recombination 非相互重组non repetitive sequence 非重复序列non reversibility 非可逆性non seed year 凶年non separation 不分开non sister chromatid 非姊妹染色单体non specific immunity 非特异性免疫non symbiotic nitrogen fixation 非共生固氮nonallelic 非等位基因的nonaqueous phase 非水相nonarticulated laticifer 无节乳汁管nonautonomous element 非自烛子noncompetitive inhibition 非竞争性抑制nonconjugation 不联合nonconjugation plasmid 不接合质粒nonenzymatic 非酶的nonenzymic 非酶的nongranular leucocyte 无粒白细胞nonose 壬糖nonoverlapping code 非重叠密码nonphotochromogen 无光生色原nonpoisonous atoxic 无毒的nonpolar amino acid 非极性氨基酸nonpolarizable electrode 非极化电极nonsense codon 无义密码子nonsense mutant 无义突变体nonsense suppressor 无义抑制基因nontoxic 无毒的nontoxicity 无毒性noradrenalin 正肾上腺素norepinephrine 正肾上腺素norleucine 正白氨酸normal distribution 正态分布normal solution 当量溶液normality 规定浓度normalization 正常化normalizing selection 正态化选择normocyte 正常红细胞normoerythrocyte 正常红细胞nose 鼻nosebrain 嗅脑nosolacrinal duct 鼻泪管nostrils 鼻孔notatin 葡糖氧化酶notch 切迹notochord 脊索notogaea 南界notogaean realm 南界notogaeic realm 南界notopodium 背叶notum 肉带nourishment 营养novocain 奴佛卡因novocaine 奴佛卡因noxious insect 害虫noxious plant 有害植物noxious substance 有害物质nucellar embryo 珠心胚nucellus 珠心nucellus embryo 珠心胚nuchal organ 颈器nuclear 核液nuclear cytology 细胞核学nuclear dimorphism 核二形性nuclear division 核分裂nuclear energy 原子能量nuclear envelope 核膜nuclear fragmentation 核断裂nuclear gene 核基因nuclear juice 核液nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振nuclear membrane 核膜nuclear plate 核板nuclear polyhedrosis virus 核型多角体病毒nuclear reticulum 核网nuclear rna 核rnanuclear sap 核液nuclear staining 核染色nuclear transplantation 核移植nuclease 核酸酶nucleation 成核现象nucleic acid 核酸nucleic acid fermentation 核酸发酵nuclein 核素nucleination 核酸增加nucleo plasmic relation 质核比nucleocytoplasmic hybrid 核质杂种nucleocytoplasmic interaction 核质相互酌nucleohistone 核酸组蛋白nucleoid 类核nucleolar fragmentation 核仁断裂nucleolar organizer 核仁形成体nucleolocentrosome 核中心体nucleolonema 核仁丝nucleolus 核仁nucleolus organizer 核仁形成体nucleophilic catalysis 亲核催化酌nucleoplasm 核质nucleoprotamine 核精蛋白nucleoprotein 核蛋白nucleoprotein antigen 核蛋白抗原nucleosidase 核苷酶nucleoside 核苷nucleoside antibiotic 核苷抗生素nucleoside triphosphate 三磷酸核苷nucleosome 核小体nucleotidase 核苷酸酶nucleotide 核苷酸nucleotide coenzyme 核苷酸辅酶nucleotide map 核苷酸图谱nucleotide pair 核苷酸对nucleotide sequence 核苷酸序列nucleotide triplet 核苷酸三连体nucleus 核nucleus restoration 核恢复nucleus substitution 核置换nucula 小坚果nucule 小坚果nuisance noise 噪音公害null gene 零基因nullisomic 缺对染色体的nullisomy 缺对染色体nullosomic 缺对染色体的nullosomy 缺对染色体number of grains 谷类粒数number of individuals 个体数number of shoots 发芽数numerical atrophy 数的萎缩numerical hybrid 染色体异数杂种numerical taxonomy 数值分类学nummulites 货币虫;货币虫类nuptial colour 婚色nuptial colouration 婚色nuptial flight 婚飞nuptial pad 婚垫nuptial plumage 婚羽nurse 无性生殖个体nurse bee 保姆蜂乳母蜂nurse cell 扶育细胞nursery bed 苗床nut 坚果nutation 回转nutrient 营养素nutrient agar medium 营养琼脂nutrient bouillon 营养肉汤nutrient broth 营养肉汤nutrient circulation 营养素循环nutrient cycling 营养素循环nutrient deficiency 营养缺乏nutrient element 营养元素nutrient index 营养指数nutrient intake 营养素摄取nutrient loss 营养素消耗nutrient medium 营养培养基nutrient solution 营养液nutrient substance 营养素nutrition 营养nutritional medium 营养培养基nutritional mutant 营养突变体nutritional trouble 营养失调nutritional type 营养型nutritive cell 扶育细胞nutritive deficiency 营养缺乏nutritive salt 营养盐nutritive value 营养价值nutritive yolk 滋养质nutty structure 坚果型结构nyctalopia 夜盲nyctinastic movement 就眠运动nyctinasty 就眠运动nymph 动蛹nymphal molt 若虫脱皮nymphal moult 若虫脱皮nymphal stage 若虫时期nymphosis 蛹化。

医学英语常用词汇amino acid 氨基酸adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素(能)受体abdominal reflex 腹壁反射abdominal regions 腹部分区abdominal pressure 腹压abdominal pulse 腹主动脉搏动abortion 流产，坠胎Abrams’ heart reflex 艾布拉姆斯氏心反射，又称利维拉托（Livierato)反射。

刺激心前区皮肤引起心肌收缩，伴心浊音界缩小。

透视可见到心界缩小。

absolute temperature 绝对温度absorption 吸收acarid 螨accessory placenta 副胎盘accommodation of eye 眼调节acinar carcinoma 腺泡癌acne conglobata 聚会性痤疮[亦作conglobate acne]acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans 慢性萎缩性肢(端)皮炎active transport 主动转运acupuncture 针灸，针刺疗法acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis 急性出血性胰腺炎adaptation 适应adaptive enzyme 适应酶(inducible enzyme，induced enzyme诱导酶) adductor 内收肌adenosarcoma 腺肉瘤adnexitis (子宫)附件炎（=annexitis）adrenal cortex 肾上腺皮质adrenogenital syndrome 肾上腺性征异常征，肾上腺综合征，肾上腺生殖系综合征，伊森科-柯兴综合征aerosol 气雾剂，喷雾剂afferent loop syndrome 输入袢综合征agonist 激动剂，兴奋剂AIDS 艾滋病（Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome获得性免疫缺乏综合症）albinism 白化病，白化症allantois [胚] 尿囊，尿膜allele 等位基因allergy 过敏(症)，变态反应alopecia areata 斑秃，斑形脱发，局限性脱发alveolar duct emphysema 肺泡管性气肿alveolar ventilation 肺泡通气，alveolar ventilation-perfusion imbalance肺泡通气与血流比例失调Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病，老年痴呆症，阿兹海默症amaurotic cat’s eye 黑蒙性猫眼amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术ampullary aneurysm 壶腹状动脉瘤, 囊状动脉瘤anaphase (细胞分裂)后期anastomosis 吻合(术)anesthesia 麻醉(anaesthesia) aneurysm 动脉瘤（aneurism）angina pectoris 心绞痛angiogram 血管造影片angiosarcoma 血管肉瘤Angle’s classification of malocclusion 安格氏矫正分类法（malocclusion 错位咬合，咬合不正）anneal 退火(核酸经退火后能与互补的核酸结合)anomalous uterus 异常子宫anoxia 缺氧(症)anteflexion (尤指子宫)前屈antegrade urography 顺行尿路造影(术) anthracosilicosis 煤矽肺，炭末石末沉着病[亦作 anthrasilicosis]antibiotic 抗生素antidepressant 抗抑郁剂(药)antigen 抗原antioncogene 抗癌基因aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄aperture diaphragm 光圈apex of heart 心尖(部位)Apgar score 阿普加(新生儿)评分appendix 阑尾arborvirus 虫媒病毒[蚊虫等节肢动物传染的病毒(脑炎、黄热病、登革热的病原体)]arches of the foot 足弓arcus aortae 主动脉弓areola 乳(房)晕, 色晕arterial arch of colon 结肠动脉弓arteriography 动脉造影术，动脉X线摄影，动脉搏描记法arteriovenous oxygen difference 动静脉氧差arthroplasty 关节成形术，关节造形术arthrosis 关节，关节病artificial pacemaker 人工(心脏)起搏器Ascaris lumbricoides 蛔虫ascending cervical artery 升颌动脉aspergilloma 曲霉菌球Aspergillus fumigatus 烟曲霉(菌) assisted reproductive technology ART，辅助生殖技术，人工生殖技术astigmatism 散光(亦作 astigmia)；像散性，像散现象astrocyte （脑和脊髓的)星形胶质细胞，星形细胞atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化；动脉硬化[复数atheroscleroses ]atrial septal defect (心)房中隔缺损atrial flutter 心房扑动atrial fibrillation 心房纤颤，房颤，心房纤维性颤动atrioventricular valve 房室瓣atrophic gastritis 萎缩性胃炎audiogram 听力图，听力敏度图，听阈曲线auditory pathway 听觉传导通路auscultation 听诊(法)autoantibody 自身抗体autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统，植物性神经系统autoplastic graft (=autograft) 自体移植物，自体组织移接，自体嫁接axon reflex 轴突反射azotemia 氮质血症baby 婴儿background radiation 本底辐射，背景辐射bacteriophage 噬菌体bacterium 细菌，杆菌属[ 复数bacteria ] Baker’s cyst 贝克氏囊肿(膝部囊肿，腘窝囊肿)barbiturate 巴比妥类药物(用作中枢神经系统抑制或安眠的药)，巴比妥酸盐Barrett’s syndrome Barrett's syndro me is a condition in which the esophagus, the muscular tube that carries food and saliva from the mouth to the stomach, forms new types of cells on its surface that are similar to those normally foundin the intestine.base pair 碱基对basilar lamina 基底，颅底，头盖骨底部basilar vertebra 基椎，末腰椎basophilia 嗜碱性，嗜碱细胞增多bilaminar blastoderm 二层胚盘bile 胆汁Billroth’s operation I Billroth's operation I is an operation in which the pylorus is removed and the distal stomach is anastomosed directly to the duodenum.The operation is most closely associated with Theodor Billroth, butwas first described by Polish surgeon Ludwik Rydigier.birth canal 产道bisalbuminemia 双白蛋白血症，副白蛋白血症，是一种较少见的常染色体不完全显性遗传性病，表现为白蛋白呈异常双峰现象(两峰高度大致相等，一峰为正常白蛋白，另一峰为变异白蛋白)bivalve speculum 双瓣窥器blastoderm 胚盘，胚层block vertebrae 阻滞椎，块状椎blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障blood pressure 血压blood plasma 血浆blow-out fracture 爆裂性骨折(尤指眶底) Bowditch’s law 鲍迪奇氏定律(心肌刺激定律，神经不疲劳性)Bracht maneuver Bracht手法，a method of extraction of the aftercoming head(后出胎头) in breech presentation(臀先露).breathing 呼吸bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchiolar carcinoma (细)支气管癌bronchiolitis (毛)细支气管炎bronchiole-alveolar carcinoma 细支气管-肺泡癌(起源于细支气管基底细胞或Ⅱ型肺泡细胞的恶性肿瘤)bronchogram 支气管造影片Bryant’s triangle 布莱恩特氏三角, 髂股三角burn 烧伤bypass 旁路，支路calcaneal tuber 跟结节calyx 盏，杯状结构capillary 毛细管capture-recapture method 【统计学】捕获-再捕获法，标记再捕法，捕捉—重捕方法carbon dioxide cycle 二氧化碳循环carcinoma 癌(在医学上专指由上皮组织来源的恶性肿瘤)carcinoma in situ 原位癌cardiac arrest 心搏停止，心脏停止跳动cardiac cycle 心动周期(从收缩经松弛再到下次收缩之全部过程) cardiomyopathy （尤指原发性的）心肌症cardiovascular system 心血管系统caries [单数复数同]龋齿，骨溃疡cavitas laryngis 喉腔CD4/CD8 count CD4/CD8计数cell 细胞，电池cell determination 细胞决定cell membrane 细胞膜cell marker 细胞标记物centroblast 生发中心母细胞cephalic presentation 头先露cerebellar cortex 小脑皮质，小脑皮层cerebellum 小脑cerebral hemorrhage (大)脑出血cerebral cortex 大脑皮层，小脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液chamber （身体或器官内的）室chemoreceptor 化学感受器（=chemoceptor）cholangiography 胆管造影术cholecystitis 胆囊炎cholelithiasis 胆石症，胆结石chondrosarcoma 软骨肉瘤chromosome aberration 染色体畸变chromosome 染色体chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎cilia 纤毛，[单数cilium]ciliated epithelium 纤毛上皮circadian 生理节奏的，昼夜节律的，24小时作用(或循环)的 (指与地球24小时运转联系的新陈代谢、内分泌作用及睡眠等节奏有关的；此种节奏在高速宇宙航行中仍可能维持)circular anastomosis 环形吻合术circulus 圈；环 [复数circuli ]cirrhosis 硬化，肝硬化cisternal puncture 小脑延髓池穿刺cleavage 卵裂，分裂clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学clinical trial 临床试验(对一种新疗法的科学评估)cloning 克隆，无性繁殖closed chest massage 胸外心脏按摩Clostridium perfringens 产气荚膜梭菌，产气荚膜杆菌，产气荚膜梭状芽孢杆菌，是一种革兰氏阳性梭状杆菌，能产生芽孢，并能形成特殊荚膜的专性厌氧菌cloverleaf skull 头颅畸形coagulopathy 凝血障碍coarctate retina 紧压性视网膜cochlear duct 耳蜗管，蜗管中道cochlear implant 人工耳(蜗)；耳蜗植入，耳蜗移植Cockayne’s syndrome 科凯恩综合征(特征为早老，视网膜退化，听力受损，皮肤光过敏)coenzyme A 辅酶 A [CoA]colon 结肠colony 菌落，集落color 颜色，脸色colposcopy 阴道镜comedo 粉刺，面疱[ 复数comedos或comedones ]Compton effect 康普顿效应（=Compton-Debye effect）computed tomography 计算机断层扫描（CT）conduction 传导conductive deafness 传导性失聪，传导性耳聋conduplicato corpore 胎体层迭cone 视锥(细胞)conization 锥形切除术conjoined twins 联胎，联体双胎，连体婴（= Siamese twins）conjugate 结合constipation 便秘consumption coagulopathy 消耗性凝血病contact lens (装在眼睑内的)隐形眼镜，接触透镜contact dermatitis 接触性皮炎contraction 收缩Coombs’test 抗人球蛋白试验，Coombs 试验，库姆试验coronary artery 冠状动脉coronary bypass 冠状动脉旁路手术，冠状动脉搭桥术costoclavicular syndrome 肋骨锁骨综合征，肋锁综合征(在锁骨与第一肋骨之间的间隙较小，在解剖上是一个弱点，其中通过到上肢的神经血管束。

非必需氨基酸的基本作用氨基酸是能在人体内相互结合构建蛋白质的分子结构。

非必需氨基酸是指能由身体合成的氨基酸，与必须从食物摄取的必需氨基酸不同。

使用“非必需”这个词汇并不意味着这些氨基酸不重要，只表明人体自身有生产它们的能力，因此不需要通过外部来源获取。

已知这些氨基酸在保持身体健康方面有许多重要功能和作用。

1、丙胺酸（Alanine）在锻炼时，肌肉组织分解并释放毒素。

丙胺酸负责清除这些毒素，然后由肝脏代谢并排出体外。

此外，丙胺酸还对保持正常胆固醇水平有帮助。

2、天门冬素（Asparagine）氨基酸转换需要天门冬素，而且神经系统还需要天门冬素帮助保持平衡。

此外，它还有系统解毒和调节新陈代谢等作用。

3、天门冬氨酸（Aspartic Acid）与天门冬素一样，天门冬氨酸也帮助提升代谢水平。

由于对细胞能量有影响，它有时被用于抵御疲劳和抑郁。

天冬氨酸有时候还被当做其它氨基酸的合成物。

4、半胱氨酸（Cysteine）与丙胺酸一样，半胱氨酸在体内是一种解毒剂，但也有抗氧化抵御自由基作用。

它还加强胃粘膜，并且是头发，皮肤和指甲健康必需的。

5、胱氨酸（Cystine）它由两个半胱氨酸分子构成，因此被称为较稳定的氨基酸。

胱氨酸也是强大的抗氧化剂，并有助于形成强健的结缔组织。

胱氨酸是负责产生谷胱甘肽的氨基酸之一，并被用于美容护肤产品。

6、谷氨酸（Glutamine）谷氨酸也帮助产生谷胱甘肽，是血液中数量最多的氨基酸。

适当脑功能，消化能力和免疫系统都需要谷氨酸。

研究证实谷氨酸对抑制饥饿有帮助。

7、谷胱甘肽（Glutathione）谷胱甘肽是由胱氨酸，谷氨酸和甘氨酸构成，并能在所有细胞中找到的氨基酸。

它几乎影响人体的所有系统，有抗老化，促进脑功能，保护细胞避免氧化等作用。

谷胱甘肽还能降低血压，增加男性精子数量，并对治疗特定癌症有帮助。

8、甘氨酸（Glycine）作为一种糖源性氨基酸，甘氨酸能给身体提供能量需要的有益葡萄糖。

Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说cell membrane细胞膜nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器cell wall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cell cycle细胞周期mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unit membrane 单位膜chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome 核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclear fission核分裂reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁secondary wall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil 雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮life history生活史root system根系main root主根lateral root侧根taproot system直根系fibrous root system须根系cortex皮层vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylem ray 木射线vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线root cap根冠Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部primary phloem初生韧皮部vascular ray 维管射线xylem ray 木射线phelloderm栓内层phloem ray韧皮射线embryo胚homologous organ同源器官analogous organ同功器官endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-green algae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞green algae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖anisogamy 卵式生殖zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体brown algae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta 苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物aquatic plant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmic reticulum内质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞prokaryotic cell原核细胞eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质nucleic acid核酸carbohydrate糖lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物cell cycle细胞周期pulmonary alveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝merogenesis 卵裂blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称nerve net神经网planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum 腹吸盘oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器periostracum壳皮层prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层veliger 面盘幼虫glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌segmentation异律分节linear animal线形动物pericardial cavity围心腔cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳tympanum cavity中耳腔amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层lagena 瓶状囊wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉glandular stomach腺胃air sac气囊salt gland盐腺sclerotic ring 巩膜骨viviparity胎生placenta胎盘allantois尿囊rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊masticatory stomach肌胃reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃abomasum皱胃cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓internal naris内鼻孔amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物coelenterate腔肠动物annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体auxotroph 营养缺陷型strain 菌株recipient 受体donor 供体fragment 片段induction 诱导prophage 原噬菌体transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素 A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环deamination脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代谢调节feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖mucopeptide黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。

有机化学专业词汇【基础】organic compounds 有机化合物organic chemistry 有机化学hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式perspective 透视式newman projection纽曼投影式carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物functional group 官能团Cat. Catalytic 催化alkane 烷烃alkene 烯烃alkyne炔烃alcohol 醇phenol 酚ester 酯ether 醚aldehyde 醛ketone 酮carboxylic acid 羧酸diazocompound重氮化合物azocompound 偶氮化合物amine 胺amide 酰胺amino acid氨基酸organic synthesis有机合成【理论】structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体electronegativity 电负性reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应dipole moment偶极矩hydrogen bonding 氢键van der Waals forces 范德华力eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象pericyclic reaction 周环反应【实验】melting point熔点boiling point 沸点recrystallization重结晶distillation蒸馏fractional distillation分馏reflux回流column chromatography柱层析eluant洗脱剂extraction 萃取【谱学知识】NMR nuclear magnetic resonance核磁共振MS mass spectrum 质谱IR Infrared 红外UV ultraviolet 紫外chemical shift 化学位移molecular ion peak 分子离子峰fragmentation 碎裂electronic transition 电子跃迁absorption peak 吸收峰flexure vibration 弯曲振动stretching vibration伸缩振动X-ray diffractionＸ射线衍射【物质缩写】NBS N-Bromosuccinimide N-溴代丁二酰亚胺别名：N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺Ph Phenyl 苯基Bz Benzoyl 苯甲酰基Et Ethyl 乙基CAN Ceric ammonium nitrate 硝酸铈铵Me Methyl 甲基i-Pr isopropyl 异丙基LAH Lithium aluminum hydride 氢化铝锂（LiAlH4）Cy Cyclohexyl 环己基DMF。

●化学常用词汇xx对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule 非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group 光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source 化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bondxx chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reactionxx槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index 勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate 硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine waterxx maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbontetrachloride溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethylene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group（主族：main group）Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom xxatomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis xxfatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane xxsalt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda xxsodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode xx,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变。

有机化学中常见名词中英文对照英中对照abietic acid (松香酸)acetal(缩醛)acid anhydride(酸酐)A．Couper（古柏尔）acridine（吖啶）acronycine (山油柑碱)acidylating reaction(酰化反应)acyl group(酰基)acyl halide (酰卤)adenine（腺嘌呤）adrenal cortex hormone (肾上腺皮质激素)A.Kekule（开库勒）alanine（丙氨酸）alcoholysis(醇解)aldehyde(醛)alicyclic hydrocarbon(脂环烃)alizarin(茜草素)alizarin-type(茜素型)alkane（烷烃）alkene（烯烃）alkylation（傅-克烷基化反应）alkyne（炔烃）aloeemodin (芦荟大黄素)amines（胺类）amide(酰胺)amidino（脒基）amino acid（氨基酸）β-aminobutyric acid（β-氨基丁酸）ammonolysis(氨解)andiron formula（锯架式）andrographolide (穿心莲内酯)anisodine (樟柳碱)annulene（轮烯）anomer（异头物）anomeric effect（异头效应）anthocyanidin (花色素)anthraquinone (蒽醌)anthrol (蒽酚)anthrone (蒽酮)anthracene（蒽）antiaromaticity or antiaromatic compound（反芳香性化合物）apigenin (芹菜素)apple polyphenols (苹果多酚)aromatic compound（芳香性化合物）aromatic hydrocarbon（芳香烃）aromaticity（芳香性）aromatization（芳构化）arecoline (槟榔碱)arginine（精氨酸）aspartic acid（天冬氨酸）asymmetric carbon atom (手性碳原子) atomic orbital（原子轨道）A.Wurtz reaction（武兹反应）axial bond（直立键，a键）azulene（Baeyerbaicalein (黄芩素)baicalin (黄芩苷)barbital(巴比妥)barbituric acid(巴比妥酸)base complementary(碱基配对) benzoimidazole（苯并咪唑）benzothiazole（苯并噻唑）benzene（苯）berberine (小檗碱)Berzelius（伯察留史）beta-pleated sheet（ -折叠）bi-anthracene nucleus (双蒽核) biological methylate（生物甲基化）biuret reaction(缩二脲反应)σbond （σ键）πbond （π键）borneol (龙脑)Braun reaction (布朗反应)bridged hydrocarbon（桥环烃）bytrepob（布特力洛夫）camphor(樟脑)cardiac glycosides(强心苷) camptothecine (喜树碱)carotene (胡萝卜素)carthamin (红花苷)carbene（卡宾;碳烯）carbohydrate（碳水化合物）carbonyl (羰基)carboxyl(羧基)carboxylic acid(羧酸)cassiamine (山扁豆双醌)catechin (儿茶素)cellobiose（纤维二糖）cellulose（纤维素）cephalin(脑磷脂)chain carbon constitution（链状碳架）chain initiation step（链引发阶段）chain propagation step（链增长阶段）chain termination step（链终止阶段）chalcone (查尔酮)charge-transfer complex（电荷转移络合物）chemical bond（化学键）chemocholic acid(鹅去氧胆酸)chirality(手性)chitin（甲壳质）chitosamine（壳糖胺）chlorophyll（叶绿素）cholalic acid (胆甾酸)cholestane (胆甾烷)cholesterol (胆甾醇)chromatography（色谱法）chrysophanol 9-anthrone (9-蒽酮大黄酚)chrysarobin (柯桠素)cinchonine（金鸡宁）cis-trans isomer（顺反异构体）cistrans isomerism（顺反异构）citral(柠檬醛)Claisen rearrangement（克莱森重排）Claisen-Schmidt reaction（克莱森－斯密特反应）cocaine (古柯碱)codonopsine (党参碱)concerted reaction（协同反应）condensed nuclei hydrocarbon（稠环烃）conformation（构象）conformational isomerism（构象异构）coniine (毒芹碱)conjugated diene（共轭二烯烃）conjugation system (共轭体系)conjugative effect（共轭效应）conservation of orbital symmetry（分子轨道对称性守恒理论）constitutional isomerism (构造异构)coprostane (粪甾烷)cortisone (可的松)crown ether（冠醚）cumulative diene（聚集二烯烃）curcumenol (莪术醇)cyanidin (矢车菊素)cyclic carbon constitution（环状碳架）cycloaddition recation（环加成反应）cycloalkane (脂环烃)cyclodextrin（环糊精）cysteine（半胱氨酸）daidzein (大豆黄素)Darzens reaction(达尔森反应)decarboxylation(脱羧反应)delocaization(离域)delocalization energy(离域能)delocalized electron（离域电子）delocalized energy(离域能)delphinidin(飞燕草素)denature（变性）deoxyribonucleic acid(脱氧核糖核酸)derivative of carboxylic acid (羧酸衍生物) diastereoisomer（非对映体）diazotization reaction（重氮化反应）diazonium salt（重氮盐）diborane（乙硼烷）dichlorocarbene（二氯卡宾）β-dichroine (β-常山碱)Diels—Alder reaction（狄尔斯—阿尔德反应）diene（双烯体，二烯烃）dienophile（亲双烯体）dihydrochalcone (二氢查尔酮)β—dihydrotheelin (β—雌二醇)distillation（蒸馏法）diterpenoids (二萜类)effective atomic number（有效原子序数）E.J.Cory—H.House reaction（科瑞—郝思反应）electric field scan（电场扫描）18-electron rule（18电子规则）electromeric effect（电性效应）electrophilic addition（亲电加成反应）electrophilic substitution（亲电取代）electrophile（亲电性试剂）elimination reaction（消除反应）Emde degradation (埃姆德降解)1-emetine(1-吐根碱)emodin-type (大黄素型)enantiomerism（对映异构）enantiomer(对映体)end－group effect（端基效应）entgegen（E,相反之意）energy of activation（活化能）enzyme（酶）ephedrine (麻黄碱)epicatechin (表儿茶素)epicatechin gallate(表儿茶素没食子酸酯) epigallocatechin (表没食子儿茶素)epigallocatechin gallate (表没食子儿茶素，没食子酸酯) epimer(差向异构体)epoxidation（环氧化反应）equatorial bond(平伏键，e键)ergometrine(麦角新碱)ergostenol (麦角甾醇)essential amino acid（必需氨基酸）essential fatty acid(必需脂肪酸)ester(酯)esterification(酯化反应)extraction（萃取法）farnesol (金合欢醇)fatty acid(脂肪酸)Fischer projection formula(费歇尔投影式)flavanol (黄烷醇)flavanone (二氢黄酮)flavanonol (二氢黄酮醇)flavonoid (黄酮)flavonol (黄酮醇)formalin(福尔马林)free radical （自由基）free radical chain reaction （自由基链反应）Freon （氟利昂）Friedel-Crafts reaction （傅瑞德尔－克拉夫兹反应）reagent ( 试剂 ) frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)fructose （果糖）fucose （海藻糖）furan （呋喃）fused ring carbon constitution （稠环碳架）F.Wohler （武勒）Gabreil reaction （盖布瑞尔合成法）galactose （半乳糖）gallocatechin (没食子儿茶素)gallocatechin gallate (没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)Gattermann-Koch reaction （盖特曼－科希反应）geometricalisomer （几何异构体）germacrone (杜鹃酮)glucose （葡萄糖）glutamic acid （谷氨酸）glutamine （谷酰胺）glycerol （甘油）glycocholic acid (甘氨胆酸)glycogen （糖原）glycoside （糖苷）glycyrrhizic acid (甘草酸)glycyrrhetinicacid (甘草次酸)Gmelin （哥美林）green tea polyphenols(绿茶多酚)Grignard Reaction （格氏反应）Grignard Reagent （格林那试剂，格氏试剂）G .Schiemann reaction （希曼反应）guaiazulene (愈创木奥)guanidine(胍)guanidino (胍基)guanine （鸟嘌呤）guanyl (脒基 )haloform （卤仿）halogenation （卤代反应）halogenation reaction （卤化反应）Haworth （哈沃斯）heat of hydrogenation （氢化热）heat of reaction （反应热）hemiacetal(半缩醛)..Frohde ..FrohdeHinsberg reaction（兴斯堡反应）histidine（组氨酸）H.Kolbe（科尔贝）Hoffmann degradation（霍夫曼降解反应）Hoffmann elimination（霍夫曼消除）Hoffmann exhaustive methylation（霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应）HOMO(Highest Occupied Molecnlar Orbital，最高被占用分子轨道) homolog（同系物）homologous series（同系列）hormone (激素)Hückel rule（休克尔规则）hybrid orbital（杂化轨道）hydroboration（硼氢化反应）hydrocortisone (氢化可的松)hydrogen bond（氢键）hydrolysis(水解)hyoscyamine (莨菪碱)hyperconjugation effect（超共轭效应）imidazole（咪唑）inclusion compound（包含物）indole（吲哚）inductive effect（诱导效应）infrared spectroscopy（红外光谱）insulin（胰岛素）invert sugar（转化糖）iodine number(碘值)tectoridin (鸢尾苷)isoelectric point（PI,等电点）isoflavanone (二氢异黄酮)isoflavone (异黄酮)isolated diene（隔离二烯烃）isoleucine（异亮氨酸）isoliquiritigenin (异甘草素)isomer（同分异构体）isoquinoline（异喹啉）isorhamnetin (异鼠李素)isorhynchophylline (异钩藤碱)isothiazole（异噻唑）isoxazole（异噁唑）Jones reagent（琼斯试剂）ketal(缩酮)ketone(酮)K.fries rearrangement（傅瑞斯重排）K.Fukui (福井谦一)Knoevenagel reaction（克脑文盖尔反应）Kolbe-Schmidt reaction（柯尔柏-施密特反应）Kutchcrov reaction（库切洛夫反应）lactose（乳糖）lecithin(卵磷脂)leucine（亮氨酸）leucocyanidin (无色矢车菊素)limonene (苧烯)Lindlar（林德拉）liquiritin (甘草苷)lithium methide（甲基锂）lobeline (山梗菜碱)Lucas reagent（卢卡斯试剂）LUMO(Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital)最低空余分子轨道lupinine (羽扇豆碱)lycopene (番茄红素)lycopodine (石松碱)lysine（赖氨酸）maackiain (高丽槐素)Macquis reagent (Macquis试剂)macrophylline (大叶千里光碱)magnesium acetate reaction (醋酸镁反应)magnetic field scan（磁场扫描）malonyl urea(丙二酰脲)maltose（麦芽糖）Mannich reaction（满尼希反应）mannose（甘露糖）mass spectroscopy（质谱）matrine (苦参碱)M. Besthelot（佰赛儒）Mclafferty（麦可拉费蒂重排）(-)-melacacidin [(-)黑金合欢素]menthol(薄荷醇)（±）-menthol [（±）-薄荷醇]menthone (薄荷酮)mesomer （内消旋体）methionine（蛋氨酸）methylporgestin (甲孕酮)provera(甲孕酮)methyltestosterone (甲基睾丸素)molecular orbital（分子轨道）molecular orbital theory（分子轨道理论）monoanthracene nucleus (单蒽核)monocrotaline (一野百合碱)monomer(单体)monoterpenoids (单萜)monosaccharide（单糖）morphine (吗啡)mutarotation（变旋光现象）naphthalene（萘）narcotine (那可汀)natrium amalgam reaction (钠汞齐反应)（±）-neomenthol [（±）-新薄荷醇]nerol (橙花醇)Newman projection （纽曼投影式）Newman projection formula(纽曼投影式)Nicol prism(尼科尔棱镜)nicotine (烟碱)ninhydrin(茚三酮)nitration （硝化反应）nitro compound （硝基化合物）nonaromatic compound （非芳香性化合物）nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon （非苯芳烃）nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （核磁共振谱） nucleic acid(核酸)nucleophilic addition(亲核加成反应）nucleophilic reagent （亲核试剂）nucleoside(核苷)nucleotide(核苷酸)ocimene (罗勒烯)oligosaccharide （寡糖）frontier orbital (前线轨道理论）Oppenaner oxidizing reaction （欧芬脑尔氧化） optical isomer (旋光异构体)optical rotation instrument(旋光仪)organometallic compound （有机金属化合物）organometallics （金属有机化合物）orientation rule （定位规则）oxanthranol (氧化蒽酚)oxazole （噁唑）oxidation number （氧化值）oxidation state （氧化态）oxonium salt 盐）oxymatrine (氧化苦参碱)palmatine (巴马汀)papaverine (罂粟碱)paraffin （烷烃）pelargonidin(天竺葵素)peptide （肽）peptide bond （肽键）peptide linkage(肽键)pericyclic reaction （周环反应）Perkin reaction (柏金反应)permeation （透析法）peroxide (过氧化物)peroxide effect (过氧化物效应)phellamurin (黄柏素-7-O-葡萄糖苷)phenanthrene （菲）phenylalanine （苯丙氨酸）phosphorus ylide （膦叶立德）phylloxanthin (叶黄素)physostigmine (毒扁豆碱)pinacol （频哪醇）pinene (蒎烯)piperine (胡椒碱)plane polarized light (平面偏振光)polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（多环芳烃）polymer（聚合物）polynuclear aromatic compound（稠环芳烃）polypeptide（多肽）polyreaction（聚合反应）polysaccharide（多糖）polytetrafluroethyleney（泰氟隆）unsaturated fatty acid(不饱和脂肪酸) precipitation（沉淀法）primary structure（一级结构）proanthocyanidin (原花色素)progesterone (黄体酮)protein（蛋白质）pseudoephedrine (伪麻黄碱)pteridine（蝶啶）purine（嘌呤）pyran（吡喃）pyrazine（吡嗪）pyrazole（吡唑）pyridazine（哒嗪）pyridine（吡啶）pyrimidine（嘧啶）pyrrole（吡咯）quaternary structure（四级结构）quercetin (槲皮素)quinine (奎宁)quinoline（喹啉）quinones（醌）racemic mixture(外消旋体)racemization（外消旋化）rancidity(酸败)Raney Ni（兰尼镍）reaction mechanism（反应历程）Reimer-Tiemann reaction（瑞穆尔－蒂曼反应）reserpine (利血平)residue（残基）resonance energy（共振能）resonance hybrid（共振杂化体）resonance theory（共振论）resonating structure（共振结构式）resveratrol (白藜芦醇)R.B.Woodward（伍德沃德）rhein (大黄酸)R.Hoffmann (霍夫曼)rhynchophylline (钩藤碱)ribonucleic acid(核糖核酸)ribose（核糖）rotation (旋光度)rutin (芦丁)saccharide（糖类）Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction（桑得迈尔—盖特曼反应）Sandmeyer reaction（桑得迈尔反应）saponification(皂化)saponification number(皂化值)Sarrett reagent（沙瑞特试剂）Sawhares projection（萨哈斯投影式）sawhorse projection formula(锯架式)Schiff’s base(西佛碱)secondary structure（二级结构）securinine (一叶萩碱)sennoside A、B、C、D (番泻苷A、B、C、D)serine（丝氨酸）sesquiterpenoids (倍半萜)sigmatropic reaction（σ键迁移反应）silane（硅烷）single bond(单键)sinoacutine (清风藤碱)β—sitosterol (β—谷甾醇)skyrin (天精,醌茜素)S N(Nucleophilic substitution)（亲核取代）S N1（单分子亲核取代反应）S N2 （双分子亲核取代反sodium borohydride reaction (四氢硼钠反应)sparteine (金雀花碱)specific rotation (比旋光度)sphingomyelin(鞘磷脂)spiro hydrocarbon（螺环烃）squalene (鲨烯)stachydrine (水苏碱)starch（淀粉）stereochemistry (立体化学)stereoisomer（立体异构）stereocpecificity (立体专一性)steroidal compound (甾体化合物)Stevens rearrangement（史蒂文斯重排）stigmastane (豆甾烷)strychnine (士的宁)sucrose（蔗糖）sulfonation（磺化反应）systematic nomenclature（系统命名法）taurocholic acid (牛磺胆酸)tautomer（互变异构体）tautomerism（互变异构现象）taxifolin (黄杉素)tea polyphenols（茶多酚）Teflon （泰氟隆）terpenoid (萜类化合物)tertiary structure（三级结构）testosterone (睾丸素)tetrahydropalmatine (延胡索乙素, 四氢巴马汀) tetramethyl silane（四甲基硅烷）tetraterpenoid（四萜类）thiazole（噻唑）thiophene（噻吩）threonine（苏氨酸）torsional energy（扭转能）torsional strain（扭转张力）transition sate（过渡态）triglyceride(甘油三酯)trimethyl aluminium（三甲基铝）triptolide (雷公藤甲素)triterpenoid(三萜类)tryptophan（色氨酸）tylophorinine (娃儿藤定碱)tyrosine（酪氨酸）uridine(尿嘧啶)urea(脲)urotropine（乌洛托品）valence bond method（价键学说）valine（缬氨酸）visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy（可见－紫外光谱）vitamin A(维生素A)vitamin B12（维生素B12）Wilkinson (威尔克森)Williamson synthesis（威廉森合成法）Wittig reaction（维蒂希反应）zingiberene (姜烯)Zusammen（Z，德文，在一起之意）中英对照1 A1A 反应历程(1A1Areaction mechanism )吖啶（acridine）埃姆德降解(Emde degradation)安息香缩合反应（benzoic condensation reaction）氨基酸（amino acid）β-氨基丁酸（β-aminobutyric acid）氨解(ammonolysis)胺（amines）azulene）2反应历程(2BACreaction mechanism ) 巴比妥(barbital)巴马汀(palmatine)白藜芦醇(resveratrol)拜耳（Baeyer）佰赛儒（M. Besthelot）半缩醛(semiacetal )半胱氨酸（cysteine）半乳糖（galactose）包含物（inclusion compound）苯丙氨酸（phenylalanine）苯（benzene）苯甲酸(benzoic acid)苯二甲酸(benzene dicarboxylic acid)苯并咪唑（benzimidazole）苯并噻唑（benzothiazole）倍半萜(sesquiterpenoid)比旋光度(specific rotation)必需氨基酸（essential amino acid）变性（denature）变旋光现象（mutarotation）表儿茶素(epicatechin)表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate)表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate) 表面活性剂(surface active agent )槟榔碱(arecoline)丙氨酸（alanine）丙氨酸乙硫酯（ethyl alanine sulfide）丙二酰脲 (malonyl urea)伯察留史（Berzelius）柏金(Perkin)反应薄荷醇(menthol)（±）—薄荷醇(（±）—menthol)薄荷酮(menthone)布特力洛夫（Bytrepob）布朗反应(Braun reaction)残基（residue）草酸（oxalic acid）超共轭效应（hyperconjugation effect）差向异构体(epimer)查尔酮(chalcone)茶多酚（tea polyphenols）β-常山碱(β-dichroine)沉淀法（precipitation）橙皮素(hesperetin)橙花醇(nerol)稠环芳烃（polynuclear aromatic compound）稠环碳架（fused ring carbon constitution）醇钠（sodium alcohols）醇解(alcoholysis)穿心莲内酯(andrographolide)磁场扫描（magnetic field scan）β—雌二醇(β—dihydrotheelin)醋酸镁反应(magnesium acetate reaction )萃取法（extraction）DDQ(2,3－二氯－5,6－氰基－1,4－苯醌)大黄素型(emodin-type)大黄酸(rhein)大豆黄素(daidzein)大叶千里光碱(macrophylline)达尔森(Darzen)反应哒嗪（pyridazine）单键(single bond)单体(monomer)单蒽核(monoanthracene nucleus)单萜(monoterpenoids)单糖（monosaccharide）单线态(singlet)蛋氨酸（methionine）蛋白质（protein）胆甾烷(cholestane)胆甾醇(cholesterol)胆甾酸(cholalic acid)胆甾烷(cholestane)胆甾醇(cholesterol)党参碱(codonopsine)等电点（isoelectric point ,PI）迪克曼反应(Dieckmann reaction )狄尔斯－阿尔德（Diels-Alher）电场扫描（electric field scan）电性效应（electromeric effect）电荷转移络合物（charge-transfer complex）碘仿试验(iodoform test)碘值( iodine number )淀粉（starch）敌敌畏(dichlorovos)蝶啶（pteridine）丁烯二酸(butene dioic acid)定位规则（orientationg rule）动力学概念（dynamical concept）豆甾烷(stigmastane)毒芹碱(coniine)毒扁豆碱(physostigmine)杜鹃酮 (germacrone)端基效应（end－group effect）对映异构（enantiomerism）对映体(enantiomers)对氨基苯磺酰胺(sulfanilamide)多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon）多糖（polysaccharide）多肽（polypeptide）多磷酸酯(polyphosphate ester)E（entgegen，德文，相反之意）EAN规则（EAN rule）莪术醇(curcumenol)鹅去氧胆酸(chemocholic acid)噁唑（oxazole）蒽（anthracene）蒽酚(anthrol)蒽醌(anthraquinones)蒽酮(anthrone)9-蒽酮大黄酚(chrysophanol 9-anthrone)儿茶素(catechin)二烯烃（diene）二氯卡宾（dichlorocarbene）二甲亚砜（dimethyl sulfoxide）二巯基丙醇(dimercaptopropanol )二级结构（secondary structure）二氢黄酮(flavanone)二氢黄酮醇(flavanonol)二氢异黄酮(isoflavanone)二氢查尔酮(dihydrochalcone)二萜类(diterpenoids)番泻苷A、B、C、D(sennoside A、B、C、D)番茄红素(lycopene)反芳香性化合物（antiaromatic compound）反应历程（reaction mechanism）反应热（heat of reaction）芳香烃（aromatic hydrocarbon）芳香性（aromaticity）芳香性化合物（aromatic compound）芳构化（aromatization）放氮反应(denitrification)飞燕草素(delphinidin)非芳香性化合物（nonaromatic compound）非离子表面活性剂（nonionic）非对映体（diasteroisomer）非质子性溶剂（nonprotonic solvent ）非苯芳烃（nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon）菲（phenanthrene）斐林溶液( Fehting solution )费歇尔（E.Fischer）费歇尔投影式(Fischer projection formula)分子轨道（molecular orbital）分子轨道对称性守恒理论（conservation of orbital symmetry theory）分子轨道理论（molecular orbital theory）酚苄明（Phenoxybenzamine）芬克尔斯坦(Finkelstein)芬氟拉明（fenfluramine）粪甾烷(coprostane)氟芬那酸（flufenamic Acid）福井谦一(K.Fukui)傅-克反应（Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction）傅瑞斯重排（K.fries rearrangement）傅瑞德-克拉天茨反应（Friedel-Crafts reaction）辅酶Q10（coenzyme Q10）呋喃（furan）盖布瑞尔合成法（Gabreil reaction）盖特曼－科希（Gattermann-Koch）反应甘露糖（mannose）甘氨酸（glycine）甘油（glycerol）甘氨胆酸(glycocholic acid)甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)甘草苷(liquiritin)高丽槐素(maackiain)睾丸素(testosterone)隔离二烯烃（isolated diene）格林那试剂（Grignard reagent）哥美林（Gmelin）共振能（resonance energy）共振论（resonance theory）共振杂化体（resonance hybrid）共振结构式（resonating structure）共轭效应（conjugative effect）共轭体系(conjugation system)共轭二烯烃（conjugated diene）构象（conformation）构象异构（conformational isomerism）构造异构(constitutional isomerism)构型保持(configuration conservation)构型转化(configuration inversion)钩藤碱(rhynchophylline)β—谷甾醇(β—sitosterol)谷氨酸（glutamic acid）谷酰胺（glutamine）古柏尔（A. Couper）古柯碱(cocaine)胍(guanidine )寡糖（oligasaccharide）冠醚（crown ether）光学异构体(optical isomer)硅烷（silane）硅油(silicon oil)过氧化物(peroxide)过氧化物效应(peroxide effect)过渡态（transition state）果糖（fructose）哈沃斯（Haworth）海藻糖（fucose）核磁共振谱（nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy）核苷酸(nucleotide)核苷(nucleoside)核酸(nucleic acid)核糖（ribose）(-)-黑金合欢素[(-)melacacidin)]红古豆碱(cuskohygrine)红花苷(carthamin)红外光谱（infrared spectroscopy）互变异构现象（tautomerism）互变异构体（tautomer）胡萝卜素(carotene)胡椒碱(piperine)槲皮素(quercetin)化学键（chemical bond）花色素(anthocyanidin)环烃（cyclic hydrocarbon）环氧化反应（epoxidation）环加成反应（cycloaddition recation）环状碳架（cyclic carbon constitution）环己二酮(cyclic hexanedione)环糊精（cyclodextrin）α,β－环氧酸酯(α,β－cycloxacid ester)黄柏素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(phellamurin)黄芩素(baicalein)黄芩苷(baicalin)黄杉素(taxifolin)黄酮(flavonoid)黄酮醇(flavonol)黄烷醇(flavanol)黄体酮(progesterone)磺胺(sulfanilamide)磺化反应（sulfonation）活化能（energy of activation）霍夫曼(R.Hofmann)霍夫曼降解反应（Hoffmann degradation）霍夫曼消除（Hoffmann elimination）霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应（Hoffmann exhaustive methylation）几何异构体（geometricalisomer）己二胺(hexanediamine)季铵盐(quaternary ammonium salt)季铵碱(quaternnary ammonium hydrate )季膦盐( quaternary phosphonium salt )激素(hormone)甲孕酮(methporgestin)甲基睾丸素(methyl testosterone)甲基锂（lithium methlde）甲壳质（chitin）价键学说（valence bond method）假酸式(pseudo-acid form )σ键（σbond）σ键迁移反应（sigmatropic reaction）π键（πbond）碱基配对规律(base pairing rule)姜烯(zingiberene)胶束(micelle)交叉醇醛缩合反应(crossed aldol reaction)金合欢醇(farnesol)金属有机化合物（metalloorganic compound）金雀花碱(sparteine)金鸡宁（cinchonine）金刚烷胺(symmetrel)紧密离子对(tightness ionpair )精氨酸（arginine）竞争反应(competing reaction )聚合物（polymer）聚合反应（polyreaction）聚集二烯烃（cumulative diene）锯架式(andiron formula ; sawhorse projection formula) 卡宾（碳烯）（Carbene）开息纳尔－武尔夫（Kishner-Wolff）－黄鸣龙法凯库勒（A. Kekule）康尼查罗(Cannizzaro ) 反应科尔贝（H. Kolbe）科瑞—郝思反应（E.J.Cory—H.House reaction）可的松(cortisone)可见－紫外光谱（visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy）克莱森－斯密特（Claisen-Schmidt）反应克脑文盖尔（Knoevenagel）反应克莱门森（Clemmensen）还原反应克莱森重排（Claisen rearrangement）克莱森缩合反应(Claisen condensation reaction )柯尔柏-施密特反应（Kolbe-schmidt reaction）柯亚素(chrysarobin)壳糖胺（chitosamine）苦参碱(matrine)库切洛夫反应（Kutchcrov reaction）奎宁(quinine)喹啉（quinoline）醌（quinones）醌氢醌(quinhydrone)莱普西汀(leptosidin)赖氨酸（lysine）兰尼镍（Raney Ni）莨菪碱(hyoscyamine)雷公藤甲素(triptolide)利血平(reserpine)立体选择性(stereoselective)立体专一性(stereospecific)立体异构（stereoisomer）离域(delocalization)离域能(delocalization energy ;delocalized energy)离域电子（delocalized electron）离去基团(leaving group )链引发阶段（chain initiation step）链增长阶段（chain propagation step）链终止阶段（chain termination step）链状碳架（chain carbon constitution）亮氨酸（leucine）林德拉（Lindlar）膦叶立德（phosphorus ylide）膦(phosphureted hydrogen)鏻盐(phosphorate)膦酸(phosphonic acid )硫脲(thiourea )硫醇(thioalcohol )硫醚(thioether )硫酚(phenylsulfhydryl )留氮反应(reaction of nitrogen retention)龙脑(borneol)卤代反应（halogenation）卤仿（haloform）卤仿反应(haloform reaction )卢卡斯试剂（Lucas reagent）芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)芦丁(rutin)α－卵磷脂(α－lecithine )轮烯（annulene）酪氨酸（tyrosine）罗勒烯(ocimene)罗森孟德(Rosenmund)还原法螺环烃（spiro hydrocarbon）氯乙酸甲酯(methyl chloroacetate) (chloro acetyl formate) 绿茶多酚(green tea polyphenols)马尔可夫尼可夫（Markovnikov）规则麻黄碱(ephedrine)吗啡(morphine)麦可拉费蒂（Mclafferty）麦芽糖（maltose）麦角甾醇(ergostenol)麦角新碱(ergometrine)麦克尔加成(Michael addition)满尼希（Mannich）反应梅尔外英－彭多夫（Meerwein-Poundorf）还原反应酶（enzyme）没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin)没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate)脒基(amidino)嘧啶（pyrimidine）咪唑（imidazole）那可汀(narcotine)钠汞齐反应(natrium amalgam reaction)萘（naphthalene）脑磷脂(cephalin)内消旋体（meso－form）尼科尔棱镜(Nicol prism)脲(尿素) (urea)鸟嘌呤（guanine）尿嘧啶（uracil）柠檬醛(citral)苧烯(limonene)牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid)纽曼投影式（Newmans projection formular）扭转能（torsional energy）扭转张力（torsional strain）欧芬脑尔氧化反应（Oppenaner oxidizing reaction）偶氮基(azo)偶合（偶联）反应(coupling reaction）偶合组分（或偶合剂）（coupling agent ）偶极-离子键（dipolar-ionic bond ）蒎烯(pinene)硼氢化反应（hydroboration）硼氢化钠（NaBH4）吡哆醛(pyridoxal)吡咯（pyrrole）吡喃（pyran）吡嗪（pyrazine）吡唑（pyrazole）吡啶（pyridine）嘌呤（purine）频哪醇（pinacol）平面偏振光(plane polarized light)平伏键(e键，equatorial bonds)苹果多酚(apple polyphenols)普鲁卡因(procaine )葡萄糖（glucose）歧化反应(disproportionation reaction )前列腺素( prostaglandin)前线轨道(frontier orbital）理论茜草素(alizarin)茜素型(alizarin-type)强心苷(cardiac glycosides)羟肟酸(hydroximic acid )β－羟基醛(β－hydroxy aldehyde )桥环烃（bridged hydrocarbon）鞘磷脂(sphingomyelinicacid)亲电性试剂（electrophile）亲电加成反应（electrophilic addition）亲电取代（electrophilic substitution）亲核试剂（nucleophilic reagent）亲核加成反应（nucleophilic addition）亲核取代(nucleophilic substitution)亲核取代反应历程(nucleophilic substitution reavtion mechanism) 亲双烯体（dienophile）芹菜素(apigenin)氢解( hydrogenolysis)氢化苯基锡(hydrogenation benztin)氢化正丁基锡( hydrogenation butyltin )氢化油(hydrogenated oil )氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)氢化热（heat of hydrogenation）氢甲酰化法（hydroformylation）氢键（hydrogen bond）清风藤碱(sinoacutine)琼斯试剂（Jones reagent）炔烃（alkyne）热力学概念(thermodynamic conception )溶剂化效应(solvating effect)乳糖（lactose）瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应（Reamer-Timann reaction）萨哈斯投影式（Sawhares projection）噻吩（thiophene）噻唑（thiazole）三萜(triterpenoids)三甲基铝（trimethyl aluminium）三级结构（tertiary structure）三线态（triplet state）三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine)三磷酸腺苷（adenosine triphosphate）桑得迈尔反应（Sandmeyer reaction）桑得迈尔—盖特曼反应（Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction）色氨酸（tryptophan）色谱法（chromatography）沙瑞特试剂（Sarrett reagent）鲨烯(squalene)山油柑碱(acronycine)山扁豆双醌(cassiamine)山梗菜碱(lobeline)肾上腺皮质激素(adrenal cortex hormone)生物甲基化（biological methylate）18电子规则（18- electron rule）史蒂文斯重排（Stevens rearrangement）石松碱(lycopodine)士的宁(strychnine)矢车菊素(cyanidin)手性(chirality)水苏碱(stachydrine)双蒽核(bi-anthracene nucleus)双烯体（diene）顺反异构（cistrans isomerism）顺反异构体（cis-trans isomer）四氢巴马汀（tetrahydropalmatine）四级结构（quaternary structure）四氢硼钠反应(sodium borohydride reaction)四萜(quadruterpene)四甲基硅烷（tetramethylsilane）丝氨酸（serine）松香酸(abietic acid)苏氨酸（threonine）酸败（rancidity ）缩醛（acetal）缩二脲反应（biuret reaction）肽（peptide）肽键（peptide bond）碳水化合物（carbohydrate）碳酰氯(carbonyl chloride ;phosgene )糖类（saccharide）糖苷（glycoside）糖原（glycogen）天冬氨酸（aspartic acid）天精(skyrin)天竺葵素(pelargonidin)萜类化合物(terpenoids)同系列（homologous series）同系物（homolog）同分异构体（isomer）酮(ketone)透析法（permeation）1-吐根碱(1-emetine)脱羧反应(decarboxylic reaction)娃儿藤定碱(tylophorinine)瓦尔登转化(Walden inversion)外消旋体(racemic mixture)外消旋化（racemization）烷烃（alkane）维生素A(vitamin A)维生素B12（vitamin B12）维生素K1、K2（vitamin K1、K2）维蒂希反应（Wittig reaction）伪麻黄碱(pseudoephedrine)威尔克森(wilkinson)威廉森合成法（Williamson synthesis）武勒（F. Wohler）无色矢车菊素(leucocyanidin)伍德沃德（R.B.Woodward）武兹反应（A.Wurtz reaction）烯烃（alkene）系统命名法（systematic nomenclature）西佛碱（Schiff ’s base）希夫（schiff）试剂吸电子共轭效应(electronwithdrawing conjugative effect) 喜树碱(camptothecine)西佛碱（schiff base）希曼反应（G.Schiemann reaction）纤维二糖（cellobiose）纤维素（cellulose）腺嘌呤（adenine）硝化反应（nitration）消除反应（elimination reaction）小檗碱(berberine)硝基化合物（nitro compounds）协同反应（concerted reaction）缬氨酸（valine）（±）—新薄荷醇[（±）—neomenthol]兴斯堡反应（Hinsberg reaction）胸腺嘧啶（thymine）12-15休克尔规则（Hückel rule）比旋光度(specific rotatory power)旋光仪(optical rotation instrument)旋光异构体(optical isomer)血红素（haemachrome）亚硝酸（nitrous acid）烟碱(nicotine)延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine)盐酸-镁粉反应(HCl-Mg powder reaction)盐酸-锌粉反应(HCl-Zn powder reaction)盐（oxonium salt）氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine)氧化蒽酚(oxanthranol)氧化态（oxidation state）氧化值（oxidation number）阳离子表面活性剂（cationic surface active agent）叶黄素(phylloxanthin)叶绿素（chlorophyll）一叶萩碱(securinine)一野百合碱(monocrotaline)一级结构（primary structure）乙硼烷（diborane）1－乙炔基环戊醇（1－ethynyl cyclopentanol ）乙二胺（ethylene diamine）乙烯酮（ethenone ;ketene ）乙酸（acetic acid）乙二酸（ethanedioic acid ）异甘草素(isoliquiritigenin)异黄酮(isoflavone)异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)异钩藤碱(isorhynchophylline)异亮氨酸（isoleucine）异头物（anomer）异头效应（anomeric effect）异噁唑（isoxazole）异噻唑（isothiazole）异腈（胩）（isonitrile）异喹啉（isoquinoline）胰岛素（insulin）阴离子表面活性剂（anionic surface active agent）茚三酮（ninhydrin ）吲哚（indole）罂粟碱(papaverine)油脂（axunge；grease；lipin；）有效原子序数（effective atomic number）有机金属化合物（organometallic compound）有机锂(organic-Li) (organic lithium ) (organolithium compound) 诱导效应（inductive effect）羽扇豆碱(lupinine)愈创木奥(guaiazulene)原花色素(proanthocyanidin)鸢尾苷(iridin)原子轨道（atomic orbital）Z（Zusammen，德文，在一起之意）杂化轨道（hybrid orbital）杂环碳架（heterocycle carbon constitution）甾体化合物(steroidal compound)皂化反应(saponification reaction)皂化值(saponification value)扎依采夫(Saytzeff)规则樟柳碱(anisodine)樟脑(camphor)蔗糖（sucrose）-折叠（beta-pleated sheet）蒸馏法（distillation）质谱（mass spectroscopy）质子性溶剂(protonic solvent)脂环烃(alicyclic hydrocarbon；cycloalkane）直立键（a键，axial bond）重氮化反应（diazotization reaction）重氮盐（diazonium salt）重氮组分(diazocomponent)重氮甲烷(diazomethane)周环反应（pericyclic reaction）转化糖（invert sugar）自由基（free radical）自由基链反应（free radical chain reaction）β－紫罗兰酮(β－ionone )组氨酸（histidine）-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基[propenyl(丙烯基)]alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲。