新概念英语学习笔记(第一册)
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新概念英语第一册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson103【课文】GARY: How was the exam, Richard?RICHARD: Not too bad. I think I passed inEnglish and Mathematics.The questions were very easy.How about you, Gary?GARY: The English and Maths papers weren't easy enough for me. I hope I haven't failed.RICHARD: I think I failed the French paper.I could answer sixteen of the questions. They were very easy. But I couldn't answer the rest. They were too difficult for me.GARY: French test are awful, aren't they?RICHARD: I hate them. I'm sure I've got a low mark.GARY: Oh, cheer up! perhaps we didn't to do badly.The guy next to me wrote his name at the top of the paper.RICHARD: Yes?GARY: Then he sat there and looked at it for three hours! He didn't write a word!【课文翻译】加里:考试考得怎样,理查德?理查德:不算太坏,我想我的英语和数学及格了。
题目很容易。
加里,你怎么样?加里:英语和数学试题对我来说不很容易。
新概念英语第一册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson111【课文】:I like this television very much. How much does it cost?ASSISTANT:It's the most expensive model in the shop. It costs five hundred pounds.MRS. FRITH:That's too expensive for us. We can't afford all that money.ASSISTANT:This model's less expensive than that one.It's only three hundred pounds. But, of course, it's not as good as the expensive one.MR. FRITH: I don't like this model. The other model's more expensive, but it's worth the money.MR. FRITH: Can we buy it on instalments?ASSISTANT:Of course. You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds, and then fourteen pounds a month for three years.MR. FRITH:Do you like it, dear?MRS. FRITH:I certainly do, but I don't like the price. You always want the best, but we can't afford it. Sometimes you think you're a millionaire!:Millionaires don't buy things on instalments!【课文翻译】弗里斯先生:我非常喜欢这台电视机。
新概念英语第一册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson111~116 新概念英语第一册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson111~112【课文】MR.FRITH:I like this television very much. How much does it cost?ASSISTANT:It's the most expensive model in the shop. It costs five hundred pounds.MRS. FRITH:That's too expensive for us. We can't afford all that money.ASSISTANT:This model's less expensive than that one. It's only three hundred pounds. But, of course, it's not as good as the expensive one.MR. FRITH: I don't like this model. The other model's more expensive, but it's worth the money.MR. FRITH: Can we buy it on instalments?ASSISTANT:Of course. You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds, and then fourteen pounds a month for three years.MR. FRITH:Do you like it, dear?MRS. FRITH:I certainly do, but I don't like the price. You always want the best, but we can't afford it. Sometimes you think you're a millionaire!MR.FRITH:Millionaires don't buy things on instalments!【课文翻译】弗里斯先生:我非常喜欢这台电视机。
Lesson 103 The French test 法语考试New Words and expressions 生词和短语exam (examination) n. 考试pass v. 及格,通过mathematics (maths是缩写) n. 数学question n. 问题easy adj. 容易的enough adv. 足够地paper n. 考卷fail v. 未及格,失败answer v. 回答mark n. 分数rest n. 其他的东西difficult adj. 困难的hate v. 讨厌low adj. 低的cheer v. 振作,振奋guy n. 家伙.人top n. 上方,顶部exam n. 考试(examination 较为正式一些)eg. He is a good student. He usually gots over 80 points in any exam.他是个好学生,他任何考试通常都在80分以上.an entrance exam/an entrance examination 入学考试a midterm exam/a midterm examination 期中考试a final exam/a final examination 期末考试take an exam/take an examination 参加考试pass an exam/pass an examination 考试及格/通过考试fail an exam/fail an examination 考试不及格cheat in an exam/cheat in an examination 考试作弊test (专项技能的)考试driving test 驾照考试pass1) v. 及格.通过eg. Only ten students passed the examination.只有十名学生通过了考试.pass in +具体学科pass in mathematics 通过数学考试pass in Chinese 通过语文考试2) 通过,前进eg. The road is only wide enough for cars to pass.这条路宽度只够小汽车通过.3) 穿过,越过eg. Every day I see him. He always passes me with a nod.每天我看到他,他都点个头和我擦肩而过.4) 把....递给.... (接双宾语)pass sb sth = pass sth to sbeg. Please pass him the paper./Please pass the paper to him.请把这张纸传给他.Will you pass the key?请把钥匙递给我好吗?5) ... 消灭,结束eg. Come on! You'll be fine. The sorrow will pass.好了,你会没事的,悲伤会过去的.mathematics n. 数字(maths 是缩写)eg. She is poor at mathematics.她数学不太好.eg. Are you good at mathematics?你数学好吗?eg. I passed in mathmatics.我通过了数学考试.question1) n. 问题(反义词为answer)question and answer/questions and answers 问题和解答eg. May I ask you a question?我能问你个问题吗?I can't answer the last two questions.最后两个问题我回答不上来.beside the question 远离本题的,离题的,不相关的beyond question 毫无疑问eg. He is beyond question the best student in this class.他确实是这个班最好的学生.out of the question 根本不可能eg. It is out of the question to make him help us.让他帮助我们是不可能的.3) v. 询问,审问eg. I'll question him about what he was doing yesterday.我想问他昨天做了些什么.4) v. 怀疑,对...提出异议eg. I question his honesty.我怀疑他是否诚实.easy adj.1) adj. 简单的,容易的反义词为difficulteg. This is an easy question.这是个简单的问题.This is an easy job.这是件简单的工作.easy to do 容易做...eg. The task is easy to do.这个工作容易做.It's easy for sb to do.... 对某人来说做某事很容易eg. It is easy for him to learn English.对他来说,学习英文很容易.eg. It is not easy for her grandfather to lift the box.对她的爷爷来说,把这个箱子抬起来真不容易.2) 安逸的,舒适的,不用操心的lead an easy life 过安逸的生活eg. Make yourself easy请放心.3) 宽大的,温顺的,不严厉的be easy on sb/be easy with sb 对...宽容,不严厉eg. Why are you so easy on her?你为什么那么宽容她?4) 短语eg. I'm easy.随便,哪个都行. (口)Easy does it!别急! 慢慢来! (口)Take it easy!放心好了,别着急, (口)enough1) adv. 足够地eg. He runs fast enough to catch up with his friend.他跑得够快,能够赶上他的朋友.eg. Are you warm enough in such a light coat?你穿那么薄的衣服暖和吗?enough for sb to do 足够做eg. This room is big enough for us to live in.这个房间我们住足够大了.You are not old enough to do it.你还太小,不能做这件事情.2) adj. 充足的eg. Do you have enough time to do it?你有时间做这件事吗?Do you have enough chairs for everyone?你有足够的椅子给每个人吗?Ten pieces of paper are enough.十张纸足够了.enough + n. + (for sb) + to do 足够(某人) 做...的eg. Do you have enough money to lean me five dollars?你有没有足够的钱,借我5美元.There is enough food for us to last a week.食物足够我们维持一周的了.paper1) n. 考卷(可数名词)eg. Fifty papers are not enough for the students to take the exam.五十份考卷不够学生考试.a mathemations paper 一份数学试卷2) n. 报纸(可数名词) 相当于newspapera daily paper 日报an evening paper 晚报eg. That will certainly get into the papers.那一定会上报的.3) 论文,报告(可数名词)4) 文件,资料(常用复数形式papers)important papers 重要的文件contract papers 契约文件5) 纸(不可数名词)a piece of paper/a sheet of paper一张纸three pieces of paper 三张纸fail1) v. 未及格(反义词pass)fail the exam 考试不及格fail mathematics 数学不及格2) v. 失败(反义词succeed )eg. They failed.他们失败了.The plan failed.计划失败了.3) fail to do.... 未能做成某事eg. I failed to pass the exam.我没有通过考试.I failed to see him this afternoon.今天下午我未能见到他.Never fail to write to me.别忘记写信给我.answer1) v. 回答eg. He doesn't want to answer me.他不想回答我.2) v. 应答,回应eg. Please answer the phone.answer the door 应门answer the letter 回信3) n. 答案eg. Do you know the answer to this question?你知道这道题的答案吗?mark1) n. 分数(可数名词)school marks 学校的成绩get a high mark in English 英语得到高分get 80 marks in mathematics 数学得了80分2) n. 记号,印, 标记make a mark 做记号rest1) n. 其他的东西eg. You can eat up the rest of the bread.你可以把剩下的面包吃光.You open the door and window . I'll do the rest.你打开门和窗户,剩下的由我来做.eg. The rest of the money was put on the shelf.剩下的钱放在了架子上.The rest of the students went back home.剩下的学生回家了.2) n. 休息take a rest/have a rest 休息一下difficult1) adj. 困难的(反义词easy)difficult to do .... 做...是困难的eg. The question is difficult to answer.该问题很难回答.It's difficult for sb to do... 对某人来说做某事很难eg. It is difficult for her to type a letter.打一封信对她来说很困难.2) 难对付的eg. He is a difficult man to get along with.他是一个很难相处的人.hate v.讨厌eg. I hate dogs.我讨厌狗.eg. They hate each other.他们互相厌恶.hate doing .... 不喜欢做...eg. She hates cooking.她不喜欢做饭.They hate typing these letters.他们讨厌打这些信.hate to do...不愿意...,不想做...eg. I hate to say it, but you are mistaken.我很不想说这句话,但你的确错了. low adj.1) 低的a low wall 矮墙a low roof 低屋顶eg. Be careful ! It's a low door.小心,门很矮.a low price 低价格a low temperature 低温at a low speed 以低速度运行2) (身体) 弱的,没有精神的,意志消沉的eg. He is in a low state of health.他的健康状态不好.eg. He is low with a cold.他因感冒而没精神.I feel so low today.我今天心情很坏.3) (声音) 低的in a low voice 小声地low season 淡季high season 旺季cheer v.1) 振作,振奋eg. The news cheered the family.那个消息使那家人振奋不已.cheer up! 打起精神.2) 欢呼,喝彩,声援(某人), 为(某人)加油,打气eg. The crowd cheered when he appeared.当他出现时群众发出欢呼声.guy n. 家伙,人复数为guyseg. He's a nice guy.他是个好人.top n. 上方,顶部反义词是bottomat the top of a mountain 在山顶the top of the page 书页的上方from top to toe 从头到脚,完全地on top of the world 非常幸福的,欢天喜地的. TEXT 课文Question: How long did the exam last?Listen to the tape then answer this question.听录音,然后回答问题。
Lesson41 Penny’s bag 一、单词分类;二、课文复习三、课文重点四、语法解析1.名词可数名词前可用a/an ,但不可数名词不可用a/an 判断对错●She has got an apple juice in her hand. ( )●There are some apples on the tree. ( )●There is a water in the glass. ( )●Some coffee, please. ( )2.There be:某地有某物结构:There be + 名词+ 地点1.There is a book on the desk.2.There is an orange and two apples on the table.3.There is some bread in the paper bag.4.How many chairs are there in your classroom?5.There are two English books and a Chinese book in my bag.6.What’s in the purse? There is some money.7.Are there any children in the room?8.There is going to be a strong wind tomorrow.9.There were great changes in Harbin in the past ten years.10.There is going to be a sports meeting next Friday.There be句型中对不可数名词提问用what ;对数量提问用How much 。
There is some milk in the glass. What’s in the glass?There is some milk in the glass. How much milk is there in the glass?There is a bottle of water on the desk. What’s on the desk?There is a bottle of water on the desk. How much water is there on the desk?3.量词:用来描述名词的容量、形状、数量的词表示数量的量词有:a piece of paper / music / meat / bread一张纸、一首音乐、一块肉、一片面包a kilo of 一公斤...... a pound of 一磅......表示形状的量词有:a bar of 一块...... a bunch of 一束...... a drop of 一滴...... 表示容量的量词有:a glass of 一瓶...... a bottle of 一瓶......a bowl of 一碗...... a plate of 一盘...... 量词前可加:一半half 四分之一 a quarter of1. 一杯水 a glass of water2. 一片面包 a piece of bread3.一块巧克力a bar of chocolate4.一磅烟草 a pound of tobacco5. 四分之一瓶水a quarter of a bottle of water6. 一条面包 a loaf of bread7. 一罐可乐 a tin of coke8.一张纸 a piece of paper量词单数变复数a loaf of breadtwo loaves of breada bar of chocolatethree bars of chocolate a bottle of juicefive bottles of juice a kilo of applesthree kilos of apples.a pound of coffeetwo pounds of coffee a bar of soapsix bars of soap五、语法练习1. 用a , any , some填空There’s a photograph on the desk. There isn’t any milk in the bottle.Is there any milk in the bottle? There’s some milk in that cup.Is there any bread in the kitchen? There’s a loaf on the table. There’s some coffee on the table, too. There isn’t any chocolate in the table. There’s a spoon on that dish.Is there a soap on the dressing table?2.模仿例句提问并回答。
新概念英语第一册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson135【课文】REPORTER: Are you really going to retire, Miss Marsh?MISS MARSH: I may. I can't make up my mind. I will have to ask my future husband. He won't let me make another film.REPORTER: Your future husband, Miss Marsh?MISS MARSH: Yes. Let me introduce him to you. His nameis Carlos. We are going to get married next week.KATE: Look, Liz! Here's another report about Karen Marsh. Listen: 'Karen Marsh: The latest. At her LondonHotel today Miss Marsh told reporters she might retire. She said she couldn't make up her mind. She said she would haveto ask her future husband. She said her future husband would not let her make another film. Then she introduced us toCarlos and told us they would get married next week.'LIZ: That's sensational news, isn't it, Kate?KATE: It certainly is. He'll be her sixth husband!【课文翻译】记者:马什小姐,您真的准备退休吗,?马什小姐:有可能退。
【导语】新概念英语作为家喻户晓的经典之作,它有着全新的教学理念,有趣的课⽂内容及其全⾯的技能训练,为⼴⼤的英语学习者提供帮助!如果你也想学好英语,⼜怎能错过新概念英语?下⾯为您提供了相关内容,希望对您有所帮助!新概念英语第⼀册Lesson139~140课⽂翻译及学习笔记 【课⽂】 GRAHAM TURNER: Is that you, John? JOHN SMITH: Yes, speaking. GRAHAM TURNER: Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening. JOHN SMITH: I'm afraid I don't understand. GRAHAM TURNER: Hasn't Mary told you? She invited Charlotte and me to dinner this evening. I said I would be at your house at six o'clock, but the boss wants me to do some extra work. I'll have to stay at the office. I don't know when I'll finish. Oh, and by the way, my wife wants to know if Mary needs any help. JOHN SMITH: I don't know what you're talking about. GRAHAM TURNER: That is John Smith, isn't it? JOHN SMITH: Yes, I'm John Smith. GRAHAM TURNER: You are John Smith, the engineer, aren't you? JOHN SMITH: That's right. GRAHAM TURNER: You work for the Overseas Engineering Company, don't you? JOHN SMITH: No, I don't. I'm John Smith the telephone engineer and I'm repairing your telephone line. 【课⽂翻译】 格雷厄姆·特纳:是你吗,约翰? 约翰·史密斯:是我,请讲。
新概念英语第一册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson19 What’s the matter, children?
We are tired and thirsty, Mum.
Sit down here.
Are you all right now?
No, we aren’t.
Look!
There’s an ice cream man.
Two ice creams please.
Here you are, children.
Thanks, Mum.
These ice creams are nice.
Are you all right now?
Yes, we are, thank you.
New Word and expressions 生词与短语
matter
n. 事情
children
n. 孩子们(child的复数)
tired
adj. 累,疲乏
boy
n. 男孩
thirsty
adj. 渴
Mum
n. 妈妈(儿语)
sit down
坐下
right
adj. 好,能够
ice cream
冰淇淋
本文参考译文
母亲:怎么啦,孩子们?
女孩:我们累了……
男孩:……口也渴,妈妈。
母亲:坐在这儿吧。
母亲:你们现在好些了吗?男孩:不,还没有。
母亲:瞧!有个卖冰淇淋的。
母亲:请拿两份冰淇淋。
母亲:拿着,孩子们。
孩子们:谢谢,妈妈。
女孩:这些冰淇淋真好吃。
母亲:你们现在好了吗?
孩子们:是的,现在好了,谢谢您!。
新概念英语第1册Lesson57~62课文翻译及学习笔记新概念英语第1册Lesson57~58课文翻译及学习笔记【课文】It is eight o’clock. The children go to school by car every day, but today, they are going to school on foot.It is ten o’clock. Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning, but this morning, she is going to the shops.It is four o’clock. In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room. But this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden.It is six o’clock. In the evening, the children usually do their homework, but this evening, they are not doing their homework. At the moment, they are playing in the garden.It is nine o’clock. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night. But he’s not reading his newspaper tonight. At the moment, he’s reading an interesting book.【课文翻译】现在是8点钟。
孩子们每天都乘小汽车去上学,而今天,他们正步行上学。
现在是10点钟。
上午,索耶夫人通常是呆在家里的,但今天上午,她正去商店买东西。
新概念英语第一册Lesson105~110课文翻译及学习笔记但更多的不规则变化,需要同学们在今后的学习中不断地去积累与巩固。
good/well-better-best(好的) bad/badly-worse-worst(坏的) old-older/elder-oldest/eldest (老的,年长的) much/many-more-most (多的) little/few-less-least (少的) far-farther/further-farthest/furthest(远的) 小问题:本课中有比较级,级的不规则变化吗?二. 在征询别人意见的时候,可以这么说:Shall I+V? 我可以……?“我可以在你房间吸烟吗?”应该怎么说呢?三. 建议的提出与采纳用语:提出建议:What about+n/Ving或 How about+n/Ving? 或者是Why not+ V?/Let’s + V.小问题:“去公园走走,怎样?”又应该怎样说呢?采纳用语: That’s a good idea! 好主意! It sounds good/nice/pretty!听起来不错!考虑中: Give me some minutes to think about it! 给我点时间考虑一下。
四:部分重点单词讲解:1. a few 与a little都表示一点,一些,但跟在它们后边的名词是不一样的,a few 是用来形容可数名词,而 a little 则用来形容不可数名词。
这种区别同样适用于few&little,many&much (每一组的前者均修饰可数名词,后者修饰不可数名词)。
2. teaspoonful adj. 一茶匙的,满茶匙的;这是一个合成词,由teapoon(茶匙)+ful两部分合成。
ful是后缀,表示满的(=full)。
此类的词有很多,请同学们猜猜这些词都是什么意思?handful, mouthfu, thankful, careful,hopeful.3. 口语常用语: What a pity!真遗憾! It doesn’t matter. 没关系。
新概念英语学习笔记(第一册).txt﹃根网线''尽赚了多少人的青春い有时候感动的就是身边微不足道的小事。﹎破碎不是最残酷的 最残酷的是踩着这些碎片却假装不疼痛 固执的寻找﹎将来就算我遇见再怎么完美的人,都有一个缺点,他不是你,_____下辈子要做男生,娶一个像我这样的女生。第一册重点语法知识点都包含:
时态:一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时。
词性:动词现在分词、动词的过去式和过去分词。形容词、副词的比较级与最高级。助动词、情态动词、半情态动词的使用。动词不定式。反身代词、不定代词。特殊疑问词。
句式:简单句、并列句、复合句(定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句)。 语态:被动语态。 结构:There be结构。 语序:倒装。 (请您记住以下新概念英语一册1-144课的所固定搭配短语) 英文 中文 I beg your pardon 请您在重复(说)一遍 Nice to meet you(too) (我也)很高兴见到你 Look at„ 看„ How do you do 你好 Be careful 小心 A loaf of 一个 A bar of 一条 A bottle of 一瓶 A pound of 一磅 Half a pound of 半磅 A quarter of 四分之一 A tin of 一听 Hurry up 快点 Next door 隔壁 Black coffee 不加牛奶的咖啡 White coffee 加牛奶的咖啡 Come home from school 放学回家 Come home from work 下班回家 In the morning 早上 In the afternoon 下午 In the evening 晚上 At noon 中午 At night 夜里 At the moment 此刻 What’s the time? 几点钟? Come upstairs 上楼 Come downstairs 下楼 Hundreds of„ 数以百计的„ On the way home 在回家的途中 This morning 今天早晨 This afternoon 今天下午 This evening 今天晚上 tonight 今天夜里 Yesterday morning 昨天早晨 Yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 Yesterday evening 昨天晚上 Last night 昨天夜里 The day before yesterday in the morning 前天早晨 The day before yesterday in the afternoon 前天下午 The day before yesterday in the evening 前天晚上 The night before last 前天夜间 A low mark 分数很底 A high mark 分数很高 She said to herself 她心中暗想 The way to„ 到„的走法 In fashion 流行的,时髦的 I’m afraid„ 我恐怕„ I’m sure„ 我确信,我肯定„ A lot of 许多(用于肯定句) At all 丝毫、更本、一点也不 Going on holiday 度假 Have been to„ 到过„ All the time 一直,始终 Have been to„ 到过„ Drive into„ 撞倒„ For sale 供出售、出售 Have the last word 最后决定、最后才算 The R.A.F. 英国皇家空军 Return ticket 往返票 Next door to„ 与„相邻,在„隔壁 In five hours’time 在五小时之后。 Go back 返回 The other day 几天前 Fell downstairs 从楼上摔下来 The Y.H.A. 青年招待所协会 Cheer up 振作起来 Full of„ 充满了„ Would you like„? 你愿意„? Could you„? 你能„?(比Can you„?更婉转客气) Buy„on instalments 以分期付款的方式购买„ Small change 零钱 Go back to sleep 继续睡觉 To take„with„ 把„带上(with后跟人称宾格) Have to 不得不(过去式Had to) By myself 我自己 By yourself 你自己 By himself 他自己 By herself 她自己 By itself 它自己 By ourselves 我们自己 By yourselves 你们自己 By themselves 他/她/它们自己 By oneself 独自的 Not that long ago 没那么久 At„ (以„的方式进行、做某事) He can’t be„ 他不可能„ He must be 他肯定是„ He can’t have been„ 他那时不可能„ He must have been„ 他那时肯定是„ Don’t be so sure 别那么肯定 He may„ 他可能„ He might„ 他可能„(没有He might„的程度强) Make up„minds 打定主意(up后跟人称宾格) Look after 照看 In the end 最后 In the first instance 首先,起初 He may be„ 他可能是„ He may have been„ 他可能己经„ I’m not sure 我不敢肯定 I wonder why 我想知道为什么 A long time (ago) 很早(前) Get married 结婚 Depend on„ 依靠,取决于„ I’m late for„ 我因为„而迟到 By the way 顺便(问,说) I’m dressed in„ 我穿戴着„ Make up her face 往她的脸上施脂粉 Make myselft beautiful 把自己打扮漂亮 Was covered with„ 覆盖着„ I went for„ („表明目的) Pice of paper 纸片 Cigarette ends 烟头 Take out 拿出 Put away 放到一边 Hundreds of„ 成百上千的„ Round the world 周游世界 季节、月份、星期 Spring 春节 Summer 夏天 Autumn 秋天 Winter 冬天 January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August 八月 September 九月 October 十月 November 十一月 December 十二月 Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Tursday 星期四 Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日 Weekend 周未 (请记住以下特殊疑问句的特殊疑问词) 1、 Why (有关原因) 2、 What (有关事物) 3、 Which (有关事物) 4、 Who (有关人物) 5、 Whose (有关人物) 6、 Where (有关地点) 7、 When (有关时间) 8、 How (有关方法或状态) (英语中无论时间、地点还是人或事都遵循着从小到大的规则。也遵循着先出现地点后出现时间的规则。)
第一部份:词法(请记注以下词性概念,具体的用法参考我们所学过的课文) 一、 动词:(表示动作或状态等。) 1、 记住以下常见系动词 Appear Be Become Fall Feel Get Go Grow Keep Look Prove Remain Rest Run Seem Smell Sound Stay Taste Rurn 2、记住以下常见助动词 Be Have Do Will Could Shall Should 3、记住以下常见情态动词 Can Could May Might Must Ought 4、记住以下常见半情态动词 Need Dare Be able to Have(got)to Had better(best) Used to 二、 冠词(用在名词前帮助说明其词义) 三、 名词(表示人或事物的名称) 四、 代词(用来代替名词或数词等,包含反身代词) 五、 形容词(用来修饰名词或代词) 六、 副词(用来修饰动词、形容词、或副词) 七、 介词(用在名词、代词等前面,表示与别的词的关系) 八、 数词(表示数目或顺序) 九、 连词(用来加接词与词或句与句) 十、 感叹词(表示说话时的感情或口气)
第二部分:词法规则 一、 可数名词的复数规则变化 1、 一般情况下未尾加“s”。 2、 以x,ss,sh,ch,x结尾的名词加“es”。 3、 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的词加“s”。 4、 以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变“y”为“i”在加“es”。 5、 以元音字母+y结尾的词,直接加“s”。 6、 以f,fe结尾的名词一般变“f”或“fe”为“v”在加“es”。(以f或fe结尾的部分名词可直接加“s”)
7、 以o结尾的名词一般加“s”。(部分以辅音字母+o结尾的加“es”) 二、 规则动词的过去式与过去分词变化与动词现在分词的变化 1、 一般动词过去式在未尾加“ed”。