专升本函授现代语言学复习试题 参考答案

专升本语言学概论一单选1.（）被称为现代语言学之父，其代表作《普通语言学教程》在语言学史上具有十分重要的地位。

A布龙菲尔德B索绪尔C赵元任D乔姆斯基2.音位是从（）角度划分出来的最小语音单位。

A物理属性B生理属性C心理属性D社会属性3.元音和辅音本质区别是( )A元音的发音可以延长，辅音不可以B元音发音响亮，辅音不响亮C元音发音时气流不受阻，辅音一定受阻D发元音时，发音器官的各个部分均衡紧张；辅音则不然4.语言结构各要素中，发展演变最快的是（）A语音B词法C句法D词汇5.对发音器官功能的描述，（）是正确的。

A声带在发音中的作用是次要的。

B舌头的活动，起了调节共鸣器形状的作用。

C口腔中最为灵活的部位是上腭。

D声带、舌头等是被动发音器官。

6.“黄包车”、“马褂”、“丞相”等词在现代汉语中已不再使用，它属于（）A词语的替换B旧词的消亡C新词的产生D词义演变7.“体”表示动作行为进行的各种阶段和状态，是（）特有的语法范畴。

A形容词B名词C动词D代词8.“花开了”、“牡丹花开了”、“院子里的牡丹花开了”、“我家院子里的牡丹花开了”……体现了语法结构的（）A组合性B层次性C递归性D抽象性9.多义词的多个意义中，最常用最主要的意义叫做（）A本义B基本义C派生义D引申义10.语汇系统中最为稳固而不易变化的是（）A一般语汇B基本语汇C通用语汇D专用语汇11.下列元音，在普通话音节中能够充当韵头的是（）。

A[i] B[a]C[e] D[o]12.把句子分为陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹四种类型，这种分类是（）。

A句子的句型类B句子的句式类C句子的语气类D句子的简繁类13.造成“北京人多”一句歧义的主要原因是（）。

A一词多义B不同的句法结构关系C不同的语义结构关系D不同的层次构造14.汉语中词的语法分类可以首先分出的两个大类是（）。

A基本词和非基本词B实词和虚词C典型词和兼类词D体词和谓词15.“文具”和“橡皮擦”是（）。

A上下位词B同义词C等义词D近义词16.从词的构造方式看，汉语“骨肉”一词属于（）。

汉语⾔⽂学函授本科现代汉语答案您的位置：考核练习>>在线答题结果第⼀阶段基础测验⼀、单选1、从记录汉字的符号性质来看,汉字是（）（分数：2分）A.表⾳⽂字B.表意⽂字C.意⾳⽂字D.表词⽂字标准答案是：B。

您的答案是：2、甲⾻⽂距今的时间有多少年?（）（分数：2分）A.2000多年B.2500多年C.3000多年D.3500多年标准答案是：C。

您的答案是：3、⾦⽂⼜叫（）（分数：2分）A.钟⽂B.⿍⽂C.钟⿍⽂D.青铜⽂标准答案是：C。

您的答案是：4、汉字的第⼀次规范化字体是（）（分数：2分）A.甲⾻⽂B.⾦⽂C.⼤篆D.⼩篆标准答案是：D。

您的答案是：5、“今⾪”指的是（）（分数：2分）A.秦代的⾪书B.汉代的⾪书C.古代的⾪书D.现代的⾪书1、属于古代汉民族共同语的是（）（分数：2分）A.雅⾔B.通语C.官话标准答案是：ABC。

您的答案是：2、对现代汉民族共同语的形成具有推动作⽤的运动是（）（分数：2分）A.五四运动B.古⽂运动C.⽩话⽂运动D.国语运动标准答案是：CD。

您的答案是：3、联合国规定的⼯作语⾔有（）（分数：2分）A.英语B.法语C.俄语D.汉语标准答案是：ABCD。

您的答案是：4、下列⽅⾔属于官话区⽅⾔的是（）（分数：2分）A.济南话B.哈尔滨话C.郑州话D.兰州话标准答案是：ABCD。

您的答案是：5、客家⽅⾔分布的省份有（）（分数：2分）A.⼴东B.⼴西C.河北D.河南标准答案是：AB。

您的答案是：再次测验您的位置：考核练习>>在线答题结果第⼆阶段基础测验⼀、单选1、6、现⾏汉字合体字所占⽐例约为（）（分数：2分）B.0.7C.0.8D.0.9标准答案是：D。

您的答案是：2、现⾏汉字中使⽤最多的结构类型是（）（分数：2分）B.上下结构C.左右结构D.内外结构标准答案是：C。

您的答案是：3、1988年发布的《现代汉语常⽤字表》确定了多少个常⽤字？（）（分数：2分）A.3500B.2500C.1500D.1000标准答案是：B。

函授专升本试题及答案解析大全一、单项选择题1. 函授教育的特点不包括以下哪一项？A. 灵活性B. 集中性C. 针对性D. 系统性答案：B解析：函授教育是一种非全日制的教育形式，其特点包括灵活性、针对性和系统性。

集中性不是函授教育的特点，因此选项B 是正确答案。

2. 函授专升本的主要教学方式是什么？A. 面授B. 自学C. 网络教学D. 实验教学解析：函授专升本主要依靠学生自学，辅以定期的面授辅导和网络教学，因此选项B是正确答案。

3. 下列哪一项不是函授专升本课程设置的原则？A. 科学性B. 实用性C. 随意性D. 系统性答案：C解析：函授专升本课程设置应遵循科学性、实用性和系统性的原则，随意性不是课程设置的原则，因此选项C是正确答案。

4. 函授专升本学生需要完成的学分通常是多少？A. 80学分B. 100学分C. 120学分D. 150学分解析：根据不同学校和专业的要求，函授专升本学生通常需要完成120学分左右的课程学习，因此选项C是正确答案。

5. 函授专升本学生在完成课程学习后，需要通过什么形式的考试？A. 开卷考试B. 闭卷考试C. 论文答辩D. 实践操作答案：B解析：函授专升本学生在完成课程学习后，通常需要通过闭卷考试来检验学习成果，因此选项B是正确答案。

二、多项选择题6. 函授专升本学生在学习过程中可能遇到的问题包括哪些？A. 时间管理困难B. 自律性不足C. 缺乏实践机会D. 信息获取不畅答案：ABCD解析：函授专升本学生在学习过程中可能会遇到时间管理困难、自律性不足、缺乏实践机会和信息获取不畅等问题，因此选项ABCD都是正确答案。

7. 函授专升本学生提高学习效率的方法包括哪些？A. 制定学习计划B. 参加学习小组C. 定期自我测试D. 利用网络资源答案：ABCD解析：函授专升本学生可以通过制定学习计划、参加学习小组、定期自我测试和利用网络资源等方法提高学习效率，因此选项ABCD都是正确答案。

函授大学英语试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The teacher asked the students to stop ________ and listen to her.A. talkingB. talkingC. to talkD. talk答案：A2. She ________ her keys in the office, so she had to wait until her husband came home.A. leftB. forgotC. lostD. missed答案：A3. I don't think it's a good idea to ________ so much time playing computer games.A. spendB. takeC. costD. use答案：A4. ________ the weather is fine, we can have a picnic this weekend.A. BecauseB. IfC. UnlessD. Since答案：B5. He was so tired that he fell asleep ________ he knew it.A. afterB. beforeC. as soon asD. until答案：B6. The book is worth ________.A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read答案：C7. She is ________ her sister in that she is more outgoing.A. similar toB. different fromC. the same asD. like答案：B8. The children ________ the presents as soon as they woke up on Christmas morning.A. openedB. were openingC. had openedD. have opened答案：A9. I ________ you not to move my dictionary; I can't find it now.A. askedB. toldC. beggedD. requested答案：A10. ________ the 1960s, many people believed that the world would end in a nuclear war.A. AtB. InC. OnD. During答案：B二、完形填空题（每题1分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从11-20各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项填空。

函授本科英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a type of English literature?A. PoetryB. DramaC. NovelD. Painting2. The word "bibliography" refers to:A. A list of booksB. A collection of booksC. A libraryD. A bookstore3. The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to:A. Wish someone bad luckB. Encourage someone before a performanceC. Refer to an injuryD. Ask someone to leave4. In English grammar, the term "subjunctive mood" is used to describe:A. The past tenseB. The future tenseC. A hypothetical situationD. A definite situation5. The verb "to infer" means:A. To guessB. To deduceC. To implyD. To assume6. Which of the following is not a part of speech?A. NounB. VerbC. AdjectiveD. Preposition7. The idiom "bite the bullet" means:A. To face a difficult situation bravelyB. To eat quicklyC. To be very angryD. To be very hungry8. The word "facetious" is an adjective that describes someone who is:A. SeriousB. HumorousC. SadD. Angry9. The phrase "a piece of cake" is used to describe something that is:A. DifficultB. ExpensiveC. EasyD. Tasty10. The term "lexicographer" refers to a person who:A. Writes novelsB. Creates dictionariesC. Designs buildingsD. Paints landscapes二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The novel "Pride and Prejudice" is written by the famous English author ________.2. The ________ is the largest organ in the human body.3. The verb "to be" is used in the ________ tense to describe the current state of something.4. In English, the word "the" is an example of a(n) ________.5. The phrase "a shot in the dark" means to make a guess without much information, which is also known as a ________.6. The idiom "to turn a blind eye" means to ________ something deliberately.7. The word "gregarious" describes someone who is ________ and enjoys being with others.8. The term "hyperbole" is a figure of speech that involves ________.9. The phrase "to get the ball rolling" means to ________ something.10. The word "euphemism" refers to a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt, such as using "passed away" instead of "died."三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:(The passage is not provided as it would require an actual text to analyze and create questions from.)1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. According to the passage, what are the two primary factors that contribute to the phenomenon described?3. How does the author support their argument?4. What is the tone of the passage?5. What conclusion does the author draw at the end of the passage?四、写作题（共30分）1. Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Bilingualism in the Globalized World." Your essay should be no less than 300 words and include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. (15 points)2. Write a short story based on the following prompt: "It wasa dark and stormy night..." Your story should be no less than 200 words and include a beginning, middle, and end. (15 points)Answers:一、选择题答案1. D2. A3. B4. C5. B6. D7. A8. B9. C10. B二、填空题答案1. Jane Austen2. Skin3. Present4. Article5. Wild guess6. Ignore7. Sociable8. Exaggeration9. Start10. Evasion三、阅读理解答案1. (Answer based on the passage)2. (Answer based on the passage)3. (Answer based on the passage)4. (Answer based on the passage)5. (Answer based on the passage)四、写作题答案1. (Essay response)2. (Short story response)。

函授本科英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has just announced that they will ________ a new product next month.A. launchB. landC. branchD. crash答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, the game went on as ________.A. plannedB. planningC. to planD. being planned答案：A3. The professor's lecture was so ________ that it put everyone to sleep.A. boringB. excitingC. interestingD. amusing答案：A4. He ________ to the meeting this afternoon, but he was too busy.A. wantedB. expectedC. managedD. intended答案：D5. The new law will come into ________ on the first day of next year.A. effectB. useC. serviceD. operation答案：A6. The police are trying to ________ the cause of the accident.A. trackB. traceC. investigateD. research答案：C7. She has a ________ memory and can remember things that happened years ago.B. longC. poorD. weak答案：B8. The manager ________ the project to his assistant.A. delegatedB. assignedC. allocatedD. distributed答案：B9. The weather forecast predicts ________ for the weekend.A. sunshineB. rainfallC. snowfall答案：A10. The teacher asked the students to ________ the book to the next chapter.A. turnB. flipC. skipD. switch答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The ________ of the meeting has been changed to next Tuesday.答案：date12. She is a ________ person and always keeps her promises.答案：reliable13. The ________ of the old building was a significant event in the city's history.答案：demolition14. He has a ________ in computer science and is working on a new project.答案：degree15. The ________ of the company's profits has been steadily increasing.答案：growth16. The ________ of the new policy will be discussed at the next meeting.答案：implementation17. The ________ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.答案：completion18. She has a ________ for languages and can speak several fluently.答案：talent19. The ________ of the book is available online for free.答案：download20. The ________ of the company is to provide excellent customer service.答案：mission三、阅读理解（每题4分，共40分）Passage 1In recent years, the popularity of e-sports has grown exponentially. E-sports, or competitive video gaming, has become a global phenomenon, with millions of fans tuning in to watch professional gamers compete in various games. The industry has also attracted significant investment, with major companies sponsoring teams andevents. However, the rapid growth of e-sports has raised concerns about the health and well-being of professional gamers, who often spend long hours practicing and competing.Questions:21. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The growth of e-sportsB. The investment in e-sportsC. The health concerns of professional gamersD. The popularity of video games答案：A22. What is one reason for the growth of e-sports mentioned in the passage?A. The number of fansB. The variety of gamesC. The length of practice sessionsD. The number of sponsors答案：A23. What concern does the passage raise about professional gamers?A. Their skill levelB. Their incomeC. Their health and well-beingD. Their popularity答案：CPassage 2The concept of a "smart city" has been gaining traction in recent years. A smart city is one that uses technology to improve the quality of life for its residents. This can include anything from smart grids that manage energy consumption to public transportation systems that use real-time data to optimize routes. The goal of a smart city is to create a more sustainable, efficient, and connected urban environment.Questions:24. What is a smart city?A. A city with a large populationB. A city that uses technology to improve lifeC. A city with a high crime rateD. A city with a strong economy答案：B25. What is one example of technology used in a smart city?A. Smart gridsB. High-speed internetC. Advanced security systemsD. Luxury housing答案：A26. What is the main goal of a smart city?A. To increase population densityB. To create a more sustainable and efficient environmentC. To attract touristsD. To promote economic growth答案：BPassage 3The importance of a healthy diet cannot be overstated. A balanced diet is essential for maintaining good health and preventing diseases. It is recommended that individuals consume a variety of foods from all food groups, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy products. By doing so, one can ensure they are getting the necessary nutrients to support their overall health and well-being.Questions:27. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The importance of exerciseB. The importance of a healthy dietC. The benefits of whole grainsD. The role of dairy products in a diet答案：B28. What is one recommendation for a healthy diet?A. Eating a variety of foodsB. Consuming only fruits and vegetablesC. Relying on supplements for nutrientsD. Eating large amounts of red meat答案：A29. What is the purpose of a balanced diet?A. To lose weightB. To maintain good health and prevent diseasesC. To increase energy levelsD. To improve athletic performance答案：B四、翻译题（每题10分，共20分）30. 将下列句子翻译成英文：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便捷。

函授专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The correct spelling of the word "environment" is:A. enveronmentB. environementC. environmentD. environement答案：C2. Which of the following is not a verb?A. to readB. to writeC. to listenD. library答案：D3. The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to:A. wish someone good luckB. suggest someone is injuredC. imply someone is tiredD. indicate someone is performing答案：A4. In English, the word "data" is:A. singularB. pluralC. both singular and pluralD. neither singular nor plural答案：C5. Which of the following is the correct use of articles in English?A. I have an apple.B. I have a university.C. I have an hour.D. I have a key.答案：A6. The preposition "by" is used in the sentence:A. He finished the work by himself.B. He finished the work with himself.C. He finished the work for himself.D. He finished the work of himself.答案：A7. The word "unique" is an:A. adjectiveB. adverbC. nounD. verb答案：A8. Which of the following is the correct form of the past continuous tense?A. I was walking.B. I were walking.C. I was walked.D. I am walking.答案：A9. The word "their" is a:A. pronounB. adjectiveC. adverbD. noun答案：A10. The phrase "at the end of" is used to indicate:A. the beginning of somethingB. the conclusion of somethingC. the middle of somethingD. the location of something答案：B二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The opposite of "large" is ______.答案：small2. "Please" is a word used to show ______.答案：politeness3. The verb "to be" in the past tense is ______.答案：were4. The possessive form of "we" is ______.答案：our5. The word "although" is used to show ______.答案：contrast6. The comparative form of "big" is ______.答案：bigger7. "How much" is used to ask about the ______ of something. 答案：price8. The word "because" is used to show ______.答案：reason9. The past tense of "do" is ______.答案：did10. The word "theirs" is a ______ possessive pronoun.答案：plural三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

函授大专英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. The meeting will be held in the morning, so we have to get up early tomorrow.A. 会议将在早上举行，所以我们明天必须早起。

B. 会议将在晚上举行，所以我们明天可以晚点起床。

C. 会议将在晚上举行，所以我们明天必须早起。

D. 会议将在早上举行，所以我们明天可以晚点起床。

答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, he still went out for a walk.A. 尽管下着大雨，他还是出去散步了。

B. 尽管下着小雨，他还是出去散步了。

C. 尽管天气晴朗，他还是出去散步了。

D. 尽管天气寒冷，他还是出去散步了。

答案：A3. The teacher asked the students to hand in their homework on time.A. 老师要求学生们按时交作业。

B. 老师要求学生们推迟交作业。

C. 老师要求学生们提前交作业。

D. 老师要求学生们不交作业。

答案：A4. She is too young to go to school.A. 她太小了，不能去上学。

B. 她太老了，不能去上学。

C. 她太小了，可以去上学。

D. 她太老了，可以去上学。

答案：A5. The book is worth reading.A. 这本书值得一读。

B. 这本书不值得一读。

C. 这本书不值得一看。

D. 这本书不值得一听。

答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

In recent years, the popularity of online shopping has grown rapidly. More and more people prefer to buy products online instead of going to physical stores. There are several reasons for this trend. First, online shopping offers convenience as customers can shop from the comfort of their homes. Second, online stores often provide a wider range of products than physical stores. Third, online shopping allows customers to compare prices easily and find the best deals.1. What is the main reason for the growth of online shopping?A. ConvenienceB. Wide range of productsC. Easy price comparisonD. All of the above答案：D2. What advantage does online shopping have over physicalstores?A. It is more expensive.B. It offers less convenience.C. It provides a wider range of products.D. It is less popular.答案：C3. What can customers do easily when shopping online?A. Shop from their homesB. Compare pricesC. Find the best dealsD. Both B and C答案：D三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项填空。

英语本科函授试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following words is spelled incorrectly?A. AccommodationB. AcknowledgementC. AcquaintanceD. Acquaintence答案：D2. The correct usage of the word "precede" in a sentence is:A. The meeting will precede the dinner.B. The dinner will precede the meeting.C. The meeting will be preceded by the dinner.D. The dinner will be preceded by the meeting.答案：C3. In the context of a business meeting, which phrase is most appropriate to use when you want to suggest a new idea?A. I have a proposal.B. I have a complaint.C. I have a question.D. I have a problem.答案：A4. The sentence "The company is planning to expand itsoperations in the Asia-Pacific region." is an example of:A. A passive voice construction.B. A future tense construction.C. A present perfect tense construction.D. A past tense construction.答案：B5. Which of the following is the correct way to use thephrase "at the end of the day"?A. At the end of the day, we will have finished all the tasks.B. At the end of the day, we will have started all the tasks.C. At the end of the day, we will have completed all the tasks.D. At the end of the day, we will have begun all the tasks.答案：C6. The word "meticulous" is closest in meaning to:A. CarelessB. DetailedC. ImpatientD. Hasty答案：B7. In the sentence "She is a very meticulous person," theword "meticulous" serves as:A. A noun.B. An adjective.C. An adverb.D. A verb.答案：B8. The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to:A. Wish someone good luck.B. Encourage someone to take a break.C. Warn someone about a potential injury.D. Suggest that someone is clumsy.答案：A9. The correct form of the verb "to be" to use in the sentence "I _______ here since 2005" is:A. wasB. wereC. amD. have been答案：D10. Which of the following is the correct way to use the word "nonetheless" in a sentence?A. Nonetheless, she decided to go to the party.B. Nevertheless, she decided to go to the party.C. However, she decided to go to the party.D. Both A and B are correct.答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The _______ (动词) of the book is very important to the plot.答案：climax2. She has a _______ (形容词) memory and can remember every detail.答案：photographic3. The _______ (名词) of the company is expected to riseafter the merger.答案：profitability4. The _______ (动词) of the new policy will be announced at the press conference.答案：implementation5. The _______ (名词) of the painting is impressive, considering the artist's age.答案：technique6. The _______ (形容词) of the room is quite low, making it difficult to see.答案：illumination7. The _______ (名词) of the project was delayed due to bad weather.答案：completion8. The _______ (动词) of the old building was a controversial decision.答案：demolition9. The _______ (名词) of the new software is scheduled for next month.答案：launch10. The _______ (形容词) of the evidence was crucial to the outcome of the case.答案：validity三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）阅读以下短文，并回答问题。

专升本大语考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列词语中，属于现代汉语词汇的是：A. 饕餮B. 翩跹C. 鲲鹏D. 网络答案：D2. “春风又绿江南岸”中的“绿”字，使用的修辞手法是：A. 拟人B. 比喻C. 排比D. 对仗答案：A3. 下列句子中，没有语病的是：A. 他虽然年轻，但是经验丰富。

B. 由于他勤奋学习，因此成绩优异。

C. 为了提高效率，我们采取了新的工作方法。

D. 他不但学习好，而且品德高尚。

答案：C4. “落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”出自：A. 王勃《滕王阁序》B. 李白《将进酒》C. 杜甫《登高》D. 苏轼《赤壁赋》答案：A5. “不以规矩，不能成方圆”这句话的意思是：A. 不遵守规则，就无法成功。

B. 不使用工具，就无法制作物品。

C. 不学习知识，就无法获得智慧。

D. 不进行实践，就无法获得经验。

答案：A6. 下列哪部作品是鲁迅的代表作？A. 《子夜》B. 《家》C. 《狂人日记》D. 《边城》答案：C7. “桃李不言，下自成蹊”这句话的意思是：A. 桃树和李树不会说话，但它们下面自然形成了小路。

B. 桃树和李树不会说话，但它们下面自然形成了河流。

C. 桃树和李树不会说话，但它们下面自然形成了森林。

D. 桃树和李树不会说话，但它们下面自然形成了花园。

答案：A8. “海内存知己，天涯若比邻”出自：A. 王之涣《登鹳雀楼》B. 王昌龄《出塞》C. 王维《送别》D. 王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》答案：D9. 下列句子中，使用了倒装句的是：A. 我昨天去了图书馆。

B. 去了图书馆的是我。

C. 我去了图书馆。

D. 图书馆我昨天去了。

答案：B10. “会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”出自：A. 李白《望庐山瀑布》B. 杜甫《登高》C. 王之涣《登鹳雀楼》D. 苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. “山不在高，有仙则名。

水不在深，有龙则灵。

”出自唐代文学家______的《陋室铭》。