复习试题参考答案
一、单选题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
1.A
2.D
3.B
4.C
5.B
6.A
7.D
8.A
9.A
10.C
11.C
12.D
13.B
14.B
15.D
16.A
17.B
18.A
19.B
20.D
21.C
22.A
23.C
24.A
25.A
26.B
27.B
28.B
29.C
30.B
31.A
32.A
33.D
34.D
35.A
36.D
二、判断题
1.正确
2.正确
4.正确
5.正确
6.正确
7.正确
8.错误
9. 错误
10. 正确
11. 错误
12. 错误
13. 错误
14. 正确
15. 错误
16. 正确
17. 错误
18. 错误
19. 正确
20. 错误
21. 错误
22. 正确
23. 正确
24. 错误
25. 正确
26. 正确
27. 错误
28. 错误
29. 正确
30. 正确
31. 正确
32. 正确
33. 错误
34. 错误
35. 错误
36. 正确
三、名词解释
1. Suprasegmental: Suprasegmental also called Prosodic Feature, in phonetics, a speech feature such as stress, tone, or word juncture that accompanies or is added over consonants and vowels; these features are not limited to single sounds but often extend over syllables, words, or phrases.
2. According to Krashen, we acquire language only when we receive comprehensible input. This hypothesis claims that we move from i to i+1 by understanding input that contains i+1. In this equation, i represents previously acquired linguistic competence and extra-linguistic knowledge. Extra-linguistic knowledge includes our knowledge of the world and of the situation- that is, the context. The +1 represents new knowledge or language structures that we should be ready to
3. Aphasia is an acquired language disorder in which there is an impairment of any language modality. This may include difficulty in producing or comprehending spoken or written language..
4. Indirect speech act is a notion introduced by Searles. According to him, in indirect speech acts the speaker communicates to the hearer more than he actually says by way of relying on their mutually shared background information, both linguistic and nonlinguistic, together with the general powers of rationality and inference on the part of the hearer.
5. Lingua franca: A lingua franca (or working language, bridge language, vehicular language) is a language systematically used to make communication possible between people not sharing a mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both mother tongues..
6. An obstruent is a consonant sound formed by obstructing airflow, causing increased air pressure in the vocal tract, such as k], [d ?], and [f]. In phonetics, articulation may be divided into two large classes: obstruents and sonorants. Obstruents are those articulations in which there is closure of the vocal tract, stopping or interfering with airflow. They are subdivided into stops, fricatives, affricates.
7. Componential analysis is analyzing lexical items into a set of semantic features or semantic components which may be universal. CA is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning. It believes that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic features.
8. Creole: A creole language, or simply creole, is a stable natural language that has developed from a pidgin (i.e. a simplified language or simplified mixture of languages used by non-native speakers) becoming nativized by children as their first language, with the accompanying effect of a fully developed vocabulary and system of grammar.
9. Aphasia: Aphasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write.
10. Locutionary act: In linguistics and the philosophy of mind, a locutionary act is the performance of an utterance, and hence of a speech act. The term equally refers to the surface meaning of an utterance.
11. Minimal pair：It refers to two words in a language which differ from each other by only one distinctive sound and which also differ in meaning, e.g. /pit/ and /bit/. 12. Content word: Content words are words which refer to a thing, quality, state, or action and which have meaning when the words are used alone. Content words are mainly nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
13. Denotation: That part of the meaning of a word or phrase that relates it to phenomena in the real world or in a fictional or possible word.
14. Register: A speech variety used by a particular group of people, usually sharing the same occupation or the same interests. A particular register often distinguishes itself from other registers by having a number of distinctive words, by using words or phrases in a particular way, and sometimes by special grammatical constructions. 15. Linguistic competence: The ideal user’s knowledge of his or her language, that is, of its sound structure, its words, and its grammatical rules. The knowledge involved in linguistic competence is generally unconscious.
16. Psycholinguistics: the study of language in relation to the mind, with focus on the process of language production, comprehension and acquisition.
17. Polysemy: Polysemy refers to the linguistic phenomenon that a word may be used in a number of different senses or is said to have a range of different meanings.
18. Pragmatics: the study of the use of language in communication, particularly the relationship between sentences and the contexts and situations in which they are used.
四、问答题
1.In English, the utterance “can you answer the phone?” can be used to ask someone to answer the phone. Why cannot the utterance “can you eat the apple?” be used to ask someone to eat the apple?
In English, the construction “can you do something” sometimes could be used as a request for someone to do something. For example, “Can you pass the salt?” could be used as a request for the listener to pass the salt. However, this construction could only be used in the situation when the action is costly to the listener, because using the construction for the inquiry of the ability as a request for action is politer in the situation. Inquiry, giving the listeners the choice to reject to the request, therefore, is less imposing than the direct request. However, when the request action is beneficial to the listeners, using this construction would be impolite because it gives listeners the choice to reject the action. Therefore, “can you do something?” is rarely used as a request for the listener to do something that is beneficial for them.
2. Give a brief account of significant events, influences, and language contact in the history of the English language.
The history of English could be broadly divided into the three broad periods: the old English period, the middle English period and the modern English period. The old English period began with the Anglo-Saxon invasion around 5th century and ended around 1066. The major events in this period includes Viking invasion and Christianization of Britain. Viking invasion introduced a lot of Scandinavian vocabulary, including pronoun they, into old English and Christianization introduced a lot of vocabulary related to religion and church into English. The middle English period began with the Norman conquest around 1066 and ended around 1500. After Norman conquest, the status of English declined sharply because royal court spoke French and virtually no writings were done in English. However, due to the wars between Britain and France, French was viewed as the language of enemy country and gradually lost its prestige and English with a substantial borrowing from French vocabulary became the dominant language for all classes again. The modern English period began with the introduction of printing into Britain by Caxton around 1500. The major events in this period includes the standardization of English, renaissance movement, industrial revolution and colonization. Because of the introduction of printing, English spelling was standardized and English dictionaries were compiled and published. Renaissance movement introduced a lot of Latin and Greek vocabularies into English. Industrial revolution and colonization witnessed English transforming from a local language spoken in Britain into a global language spoken in every continent.
3. Explain with examples the three notions of morph, morpheme and allomorph?
A morph is a phonological string (of phonemes) that cannot be broken down into smaller constituents that have a lexicogrammatical function. In some sense it corresponds to a word-form. An allomorph is a morph that has a unique set of grammatical or lexical features. All allomorphs
with the same set of features forms a morpheme. A morpheme, then, is a set of allomorphs that have the same set of features.
For example, [s], [z] and [iz] are all morphs. When added to noun, they signal the noun is in plural form, or they have the feature of [-plural], which is a morpheme. Because they all share the feature of [-plural], they are said to be allomorphs. Other than plural, [s] could also represent morpheme of third person singular present and possessive.
4. Discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language.
The individual factors that may affect the acquisition of a second language are as follows:
Age: Second language acquisition is influenced by the age of the learner. Children, who already have solid literacy skills in their own language, seem to be in the best position to acquire a new language efficiently. Motivated, older learners can be very successful too, but usually struggle to achieve native-speaker-equivalent pronunciation and intonation.
Personality: Introverted or anxious learners usually make slower progress, particularly in the development of oral skills. They are less likely to take advantage of opportunities to speak, or to seek out such opportunities. More outgoing students will not worry about the inevitability of making mistakes. They will take risks, and thus will give themselves much more practice. Motivation (intrinsic): Intrinsic motivation has been found to correlate strongly with educational achievement. Clearly, students who enjoy language learning and take pride in their progress will do better than those who don't.
Extrinsic motivation is also a significant factor. ESL students, for example, who need to learn English in order to take a place at an American university or to communicate with a new English boy/girlfriend are likely to make greater efforts and thus greater progress.
Experiences: Learners who have acquired general knowledge and experience are in a stronger position to develop a new language than those who haven't. The student, for example, who has already lived in 3 different countries and been exposed to various languages and cultures has a stronger base for learning a further language than the student who hasn't had such experiences. Cognition: In general, it seems that students with greater cognitive abilities (intelligence) will make the faster progress. Some linguists believe that there is a specific, innate language learning ability that is stronger in some students than in others.
Native language: Students who are learning a second language which is from the same language family as their first language have, in general, a much easier task than those who aren't. So, for example, a Dutch child will learn English more quickly than a Japanese child.
5. What are the differences between complementary antonyms and gradable antonyms?
A gradable antonym is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings where the two meanings lie on a continuous spectrum. Temperature is such a continuous spectrum so hot and cold, two meanings on opposite ends of the spectrum, are gradable antonyms.
A complementary antonym is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings, where the two meanings do not lie on a continuous spectrum. There is no continuous spectrum between push and pull but they are opposite in meaning and are therefore complementary antonyms.
The difference between complementary antonym and gradable antonym is that in complementary antonym, the denial of one means the assertion of the other, while in gradable antonym, it is not necessarily so.
6. What is sense and what is reference? How are they related?
Sense is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form. It is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form; it is abstract and de-contextualized. For example, the sense of the word "dog” is “a domesticated canine mammal, occurring in many breeds th at show a great variety in size and form.” It does not refer to any particular dog that exists in the real world, but applies to any animal that meets the features in the definition.
Reference means what a linguistic form refers to in the real, physical world; it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience. If we say “the dog is barking" , we must be talking about a certain dog existent in the situation. The word " dog" refers to a dog known to both the speaker and the hearer. This is the reference of the word "dog" in this particular situation.
It is a matter of the relationship between the form and the reality.
2005年河南省普通高等学校 选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试 高等数学 试卷 一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共计60分） 在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题 干后面的括号内。不选、错选或多选者，该题无分. 1. 函 数 x x y --= 5)1ln(的定义域为为 （ ） A.1>x 5
解： ?-x e x ~12~12 x e x -,应选B. 4.=?? ? ??++∞ →1 21lim n n n （ ） A. e B.2e C.3e D.4e 解：2)1(2lim 2 )1(221 21lim 21lim 21lim e n n n n n n n n n n n n n n =? ?? ????? ??? ??+=?? ? ??+=?? ? ? ? + +∞→+?∞ →+∞ →∞→,应选B. 5.设 ?? ? ??=≠--=0,0,11)(x a x x x x f 在0=x 处连续，则 常数=a （ ） A. 1 B.-1 C.21 D.2 1 - 解：2 1 )11(1lim )11(lim 11lim )(lim 0000 =-+=-+=--=→→→→x x x x x x x f x x x x ,应选C. 6.设函数)(x f 在点1=x 处可导,且2 1 )1()21(lim 0 =--→h f h f h ,则=')1(f （ ） A. 1 B.21- C.41 D.4 1 - 解：4 1 )1(21)1(22)1()21(lim 2)1()21(lim 020-='?='-=----=--→-→f f h f h f h f h f h h , 应选D. 7.由方程y x e xy +=确定的隐函数)(y x 的导数dy dx 为 （ ） A. )1()1(x y y x -- B.)1()1(y x x y -- C.)1()1(-+y x x y D.) 1() 1(-+x y y x 解：对方程y x e xy +=两边微分得)(dy dx e ydx xdy y x +=++, 即dy x e dx e y y x y x )()(-=-++, dy x xy dx xy y )()(-=-,
2011年成人高考专升本《语文》试题及答案 一、选择题(本大题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分。在每小题给出的4个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的，把所选项前的字母填在题后括号内) 1.“惟陈言之务去”出自(C ) A.《谏逐客书》 B.《种树郭橐鸵传》 C.《答李翊书》 D.《答司马谏议书》 2.成语“夙兴夜寐”出自(D ) A.《陈情表》 B.《短歌行》 C.《关山月》 D.《氓》 3.《米龙老爹》的作者是( B) A.契诃夫 B.莫泊桑 C.欧·亨利 D.托尔斯泰 4.《新五代史》的撰写者是( A) A.欧阳修 B.宋祁 C.司马光 D.王安石 5.杜牧是唐朝哪个时期的诗人(B ) A.初唐 B.晚唐 C.中唐 D.盛唐 6.“计中国之在海内”中的“中国”是指(C ) A.神州 B.中国 C.中原 D.九州 7.“狡兔三窟”的典故出自(B ) A.《李将军列传》 B.《冯谖客孟尝君》 C.《季氏将伐颛臾》 D.《寡人之于国也》 8.《行路难》的作者是(C ) A.白居易 B.杜甫 C.李白 D.李商隐 9.杜甫《蜀相》“两朝开济老臣心”中“老臣”是指(C ) A.曹操 B.李斯 C.诸葛亮
D.王安石 10.《白雪歌送武判官归京》属于(D) A.山水诗 B.乐府诗 C.田园诗 D.边塞诗 11.中唐倡导新乐府运动的诗人是(C ) A.李白 B.李贺 C.白居易 D.杜牧 12.《北方》一诗选自艾青诗集(C ) A.《大堰河》 B.《火把》 C.《北方》 D.《向太阳》 13.屠格涅夫的《门槛》是( C) A.小说 B.散文 C.散文诗 D.政论 14.柳永《八声甘州》的线索是( A) A.登高临远 B.睹物思人 C.雨洒江天 D.佳人颙望 15.《风波》中反复说“一代不如一代”的人物是(D ) A.赵七爷 B.七斤 C.八一嫂 D.九斤老太 二、填空题(本大题共10个小题，每小题1分，共10分。把答案填在题中横线上) 16.孔子名丘，字________。 17.所谓“四书”是指《孟子》、《大学》、《中庸》和《_________》。 18.慨当以慷，忧思难忘。何以解忧，____________。 19.孟子回答了梁惠王提出的问题是__________。 20.庄子《秋水》中体现了他的哲学本体论是__________主义的。 21.《陈情表》选自《__________》。 22.鲁迅原名周樟寿，改名周树人。浙江_________人。 23.《箱子岩》的作者是___________。 24.巴金的小说《家》、《春》、《秋》合称《__________》。 25.傅雷是我国现当代著名的___________家。 三、词语解释题(解释句中加横线词的词义。本大题共10个小题，每小题1分，共10分) 26.来丕豹、公孙支于晋。 来： 27.零丁孤苦，至于成立。 成立： 28.原庄宗之所以得天下…… 原：
全国 2018 年 1 月自学考试现代语言学试题 课程代码： 00830 I . Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. ( 2%×10=20% ) 1. The language behavior of particular persons on particular occasions is determined by many other factors over and above their linguistic ______. () A. system B. structure C. competence D. performance 2. When we pronounce the long vowels [i:] or [u:], our ______, which is a bony structure at the end of the windpipe, is in a state of tension. () A. larynx B. hard palate C. glottis D. vocal cords 3. The word “ manuscript ” is a two-morpheme cluster which contains ______. () A. two roots B. a root and a prefix C. a root and a suffix D. a root and a free morpheme 4. The grammatical knowledge is represented through Phrase Structure Rules,which state explicitly all and only the possible combinations of the ______ of a language, for example, in English, NP→ ( Det ) (Adj) N (PP) (S).) A. phrases B. clauses C. sentences D. constituents 5. The view that the meaning of a linguistic form is defined as the“ situation in which the speaker utters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer ” was proposed by ______. () A. Plato B. Ogden and Richards C. John Firth D. Bloomfield 6. According to John Austin's theory of speech act, a(n) ______ act is the change brought about by the utterance. () 1
2016年成人高考专升本政治试题及答案 一、选择题：1～40小题。每小题2分，共80分。在每小题给出的四个选项中。选出一项最符合题目要求的。 1.马克思主义哲学最主要、最显著的特征是( ) A.阶级性 B.革命性 C.实践性 D.科学性 2.物质和意识的关系是( ) A.物质决定意识，意识适应于物质 B.意识决定物质，物质随意识的变化而变化 C.物质决定意识，意识也决定物质 D.物质决定意识，意识对物质有能动的反作用 3.抽象的可能性是指( ) A.永远不能实现的东西 B.实质上是一种不可能性 C.在现实中有充分根据的东西 D.在现实中缺乏充分根据，当前条件下不能实现的东西 4.主观和客观、认识和实践的统一是( ) A.抽象的不变的统一 B.具体的历史的统一 C.绝对的永恒的统一 D.相对的暂时的统一
5.理解整个人类社会发展史的钥匙是( ) A.阶级斗争发展史 B.政治制度演变史 C.生产劳动发展史 D.宗教信仰变迁史 6.唯物史观与唯心史观在历史创造者问题上的根本对立在于是否承认( ) A.个人在历史发展中的作用 B.思想动机在历史发展中的作用 C.人民群众是推动历史发展的决定力量 D.剥削阶级代表人物在历史发展中的作用 7.人的本质是() A.永恒不变的 B.随主观意志的变化而变化的 C.随社会关系的变化而变化的 D.随个性的变化而变化 8.资本主义道路在中国走不通的最根本原因是( ) A.帝国主义不容许 B.封建主义不容许 C.无产阶级不容许 D.民族资产阶级的妥协性、软弱性 9.在八七会议上，毛泽东强调了( ) A.工人运动的重要性 B.武装斗争的重要性 C.根据地建设的重要性 D.城市工作的重要性
2016年重庆市专升本数学试卷 一、单项选择题（每题4分，满分32分） 1. 设()f x 在0x x =处可导，则()() 000 2lim h f x h f x h →+-= A.()' 0f x - B.()'0f x C.()'02f x D.()'03f x 2.定积分 1 21 sin x xdx -=? A.-1 B.0 C.1 D.2 3.过OZ 轴及点()3,2,4-的平面方程是 A.320x y += B.20y z += C.20x z += D.230x y += 4.已知微分方程为 dy y dx =通解为 A.x y e = B.x y e C =+ C.y x C =+ D.x y Ce = 5.下列级数收敛的是 A.113n n ∞ =????∑ B.1 1 sin n n ∞=∑ 1.1n n C n ∞ =+∑ D.1! n n n n ∞ =∑ 6.3阶行列式314 89 5111 中元素321a =的代数余子式为 A.1 B.8 C.15 D.17 7、设1002A ??= ??? ，则3 A = A.1002?? ? ?? B.3006?? ??? C.1008?? ??? D.3008?? ???
8、在0,1,2,3,4五个数中任意取3个数，则这三个数中不含0的概率为（） A.0.4 B.0.5 C.0.6 D.0.8 二、填空题（每小4分，共16分） 9、极限0sin 6lim tan 2x x x →= 10、设函数()3 20 cos x f x t dt = ? ，求() f x '= 11、设矩阵314035A -?? ??=?? ??-?? ,矩阵 1102B -??=????，则 AB = 12、已知()0.4P A =，()0.3P B =，()0.5P AB =，则() P A B ?= 三、计算题（每小题8分，，共64分） 13、求极限0cos lim tan 2x x e x x →- 14、讨论函数() 2 3()21x f x x =+ -的单调性、极值、凹凸性及拐点。 15、求不定积分2 cos x xdx ?
专升本大学语文模拟试 题含答案 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
《大学语文》模拟试题一 一、填空题 1．《水经注》是北魏（郦道元/杨衒之）为《》作的注，此书既是一部地理着作，也是一部散文佳作。 2．苏轼，字（子瞻/子由），号东坡居士，四川（成都/眉山）人，北宋着名文学家。 3．《哈姆雷特》的作者是（英国/意大利）剧作家。 4．《忆傅雷》的作者是（钱钟书/杨绛），他/她的主要作品有长篇小说《》（围城/洗澡）等。 5．雨果，法国杰出的（浪漫/现实）主义诗人、戏剧家和小说家。代表作有《》等。 二、解释下列加点的词语 1．晋侯饮．赵盾酒 2．吴王从台上观，见且．斩爱姬，大骇 3．自非亭午 ．．夜分，略无阙处 4．茕茕孑立，形影相吊． 5．老．吾老，以及人之老 三、简答题 1．简述《江水》一文的主要内容。 2．试简要分析柳宗元的《江雪》一诗。 附《江雪》：“千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭。孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。” 四、论述题 试分析《秋夜》中梦境描写的作用。 五、作文题 以“难忘**”为题，写一篇记叙文，字数不少于800字。 《大学语文》模拟试题一 一、填空题（每空2分，共计20分） 1．郦道元，水经 2．子瞻，眉山 3．英国，莎士比亚 4．杨绛，洗澡 5．浪漫，巴黎圣母院/九三年(等) （说明：有错别字该空不得分。）
二、解释下列加点的词语（每小题3分，共计15分） 1．饮：给酒喝。动词的使动用法，即“使……饮”。 2．且：将要。 3．亭午：正中午。 4．吊：慰问。 5．老：尊敬，赡养。 三、简答题（每小题15分，共30分） 1．简述《江水》一文的主要内容。 参考答案：郦道元的《江水》主要描写了瞿塘峡、巫峡的开凿，巫山、巫峡的地理位置，新崩滩的形成，大巫山挺拔巍峨的气势，相关的历史记载和神话传说，以及三峡两岸美丽如画的四季风光。 2．试分析柳宗元的《江雪》一诗。 参考答案：学生的分析在感悟诗中意境的同时要注意揭示出“渔翁寒江独钓”与柳宗元政治遭遇及其傲岸不屈个性间的关系，具体视学生结合诗作的分析情况酌情给分。 （说明：参考答案仅供参考，凡学生有一己合理之理解即可酌情给分。） 四、论述题（每小题35分，共35分） 试分析《秋夜》中梦境描写的作用。 参考答案：梦境，给了作者以广阔自由的想像空间，将一个个并不联系的生活片段、瞬间感受衔接起来，形成连续不断的电影镜头，让时空交错、今昔重叠、虚实渗透，在似真似幻，或实或虚中，凸现“民族之魂”浮雕般的伟岸形象。 梦，成为推动作者的思想发展的依据。 作者凭借梦境这个特殊的空间来进行创作构思，飞驰想像，全面展示了鲁迅的精神风采和人格魅力。 《大学语文》模拟试题二 一、填空题 1．司马迁，字（子固/子长），西汉阳夏人，是我国历史上着名的史学家和文学家，着有我国第一部纪传体通史《》。 2．袁枚，字子才，号（简斋/诚斋），钱塘人（今浙江杭州），清代诗人、诗论家。在诗歌创作上，他提出了“（神韵/性灵）说”，即主张诗歌应抒写胸臆，辞贵自然。 3．《蛮子大妈》的作者莫泊桑是（德/法/俄）国人，作品主要反映的是（普法/俄法）战争中普通民众的爱国主义精神。
全国2018年10月自学考试现代语言学试题 课程代码：00830 I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20% ) 1. The purpose of Chomsky’s definition is to focus attention on the purely ______ properties of language, and these properties can be studied from a mathematically precise point of view. （）A. lexical B. grammatical C. semantic D. structural 2. We refer to the limited range of sounds as the phonic medium of language and individual sounds within that range as ______.（） A. vowels B. consonants C. sounds D. speech sounds 3. A(n) ______ refers to the existing form to which a derivational affix can be added. （） A. root B. stem C. affix D. morpheme 4. All sentences in all languages can be represented by constituent structure trees, and all have syntactic rules that determine the linear order of words and their ______ structure. （）A. linear B. hierarchical C. constituent D. syntactic 5. In semantic analysis of a sentence, a(n) ______ is a logical participant in a predication, largely identical with the nominal element in a sentence. （） A. argument B. subject C. object D. predicate 6. Speaker A: Can you answer the telephone? Speaker B: I’m in the bath. Speaker B is violating the maxim of ______.（） 1
普通专科教育考试 《数学（二）》 一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20题。在每小题给出的四个备选项中， 选出一个正确的答案，并将所选项前面的字母填写在答题纸的相应位置上，填写在其他位置上无效。） 1.极限=+--+→2 32 lim 2 21x x x x x ( ) A.—3 B. —2 2.若函数()??? ? ???>=<+=?0 ,1 sin 0,00,sin 1 x x x x x a x x x 在0=x 处连续，则=a （ ） D.—1 3.函数()x f 在()+∞∞-,上有定义，则下列函数中为奇函数的是( ) A.() x f B.()x f C.()()x f x f -+ D.()()x f x f -- 4.设函数()x f 在闭区间[]b a , 上连续，在开区间()b a ,内可导，且()()b f a f =，则曲线()x f y =在()b a ,内平行于x 轴的切线（ ） A.不存在 B.只有一条 C.至少有一条 D.有两条以上 5.已知某产品的总成本函数C 与产量x 的函数关系为C (),2000102.02 ++=x x x C 则当产 量10=x ，其边际成本是（ ） A.—14 C.—20 6.设二元函数,xy y e x z +=则=??x z （ ） A. xy y e yx +-1 B.xy y ye yx +-1 C.xy y e x x +ln D.xy y ye x x +ln 7.微分方程y x e dx dy -=2的通解为（ ） A.C e e y x =-2 B.C e e y x =-212 C.C e e y x =-22 1 D.C e e y x =+2 8.下列级数中收敛发散的是（ ） A.∑∞ =1!1n n B.∑∞=123n n n C.∑∞ =+1 1n n n D.∑∞=13sin n n π
最新成人高考专升本大学语文试题及答案(一) 成考专升本大学语文试题及答案(一) 单项选择题 1.茅盾的第一篇长篇小说是( ) A.《幻灭》 B.《子夜》 C.《霜叶红似二月花》 D.《虹》 2.巴金创作的长篇小说三部曲最著名的是( ) A.《蚀》三部曲 B."爱情三部曲"
C."激流三部曲" D."抗战三部曲" 3."分崩离析""贻笑大方""形影相吊"三个成语依次出自( ) A.《季氏将伐颛臾》《庄子·秋水》《陈情表》 B.《寡人之于国也》《庄子·秋水》《陈情表》 C.《季氏将伐颛臾》《寡人之于国也》《庄子·秋水》 D.《陈情表》《庄子·秋水》《季氏将伐颛臾》 4.《灯下漫笔》中，鲁迅认为青年的使命是( ) A.崇奉国粹 B.热心复古 C.创造第三样时代
D.赞颂固有精神文明 5.下列加点字解释错误的是( ) A.淇水汤汤，渐车帷裳。渐：浸湿。 B.怎敌他，晚来风急。敌：抵挡。 C.齐放其大臣孟尝君于诸侯。放：释放。 D.中石没镞。镞：箭头。 6.从抒写的内容来看，苏轼的《水调歌头》(明月几时有)是一首( ) A.中秋词 B.端午词 C.重阳词
D.清明词 7.马致远的《天净沙·秋思》是一首( ) A.小令 B.大令 C.慢词 D.杂剧 8.《选择与安排》中，作者以"善将兵的人都知道兵在精不在多"为喻来说明( ) A.选择要恰到好处 B.安排要有条不紊 C.层次要清晰明了 D.轻重要分明得当
9.《谈时间》一文选自梁实秋的散文集( ) A.《雅舍谈吃》 B.《槐园梦忆》 C.《雅舍小品》 D.《实秋杂文》 10.中国现代小说的奠基人是( ) A.茅盾 B.巴金 C.鲁迅 D.曹禺 答案及解析
自学考试《现代语言学》模拟试题及答案2017 2017 年自学备考正在开展中，考生们要扎扎实实地复习，一步一步地前进，以下是搜索整理的一份《现代语言学》模拟试题及答案，供参考练习，希望对大家有所帮助!想 了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们! I .Multiple Choice Directions:Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.(2% x 10=20%) 1. The pair of words “lend”and “borrow”are ___.( ) A. gradable opposites B.relational opposites C.co-hyponyms D.synonyms 2. The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar .( ) A. Jacob Grimm B.Rasmus Rask C.Franz Bopp D.Sir William Jones 3. A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.( ) A.unusual B.something to be feared C.abnormal D.natural 4. __produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.( ) A.Broca's aphasic B.The linguistic deprivation C.The damage on the angular gyrus D.Wernicke's aphasic 5.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say “night ” as “light ”.This shows: .( ) A. They cannot pronounce/n/ B. Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mother tongue C. The teachers do not have a good teaching method D. They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds 6. A word with several meanings is called __word.( ) A.a polysemous B.a synonymous C.an abnormal D.a multiple 7. The function of the sentence “A nice day, isn't it? ” is __.( ) https://www.doczj.com/doc/9411203208.html,rmative B.phatic C.directive D.performative
2014年英语试题 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 points, 1 point each) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 7 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer. 1. A) To the bank. B) To a book store. C) To a shoe store. D) To the grocer’s. 2. A) Near the train station. B) In the countryside. C) In the city. D) Near the workplace 3. A) the choice of courses B) a day course C) an evening course D) their work 4. A) The pear. B) The weather. C) The sea food. D) The cold. 5. A) George’s wife.B) George’s father. C) George’s brother D) George’s wife’s father.
江西专升本《大学语文》模拟试题及答案 1?阅读韩愈《张中丞传后叙》中的一段文字： 说着又谓远与巡分城而守，诚之陷，自远所分始，以此诟远。此又与儿童之见无异。人之将死，其脏腑必有先受其病者；引绳而绝之，其绝必有处。观者见其然，从而尤之，其亦不达于理矣。 请回答： (1) 这段文字所驳斥的谬论是什么(2分) (2) 这里用的是什么驳论方法和论证方法(2分) (3) 概括文中的论据，说明其属于什么论据。(3分) 2?阅读梁实秋的《谈时间》中的一段文字： 不可挽住的就让它去罢！问题在，我们所能掌握的尚未逝去的时间，如何去打发它。梁任公先生最恶闻“消遣”二字，只有活得不耐烦的人才忍心去“杀时间”。他认为一个人要做的事太多，时间根本不够用，哪里还有时间可供消遣不过打发时间的方法，亦人各个不同，士各有志。乾隆皇帝下江南，看见运河上舟楫往来，熙熙攘攘，顾问左右：“他们都在忙些什么”和珅侍卫在侧，脱口而出：“无非名利二字。”这答案相当正确，我们不可以人废言。不过三代以下唯恐其不好名，大概名利二字当中还是利的成分大些。“人为财死，鸟为食亡。”时间即金钱之说仍属不诬。 请回答： (1) 本片段从内容上可分为几个层次哪个层次是论点论点的实质是什么(2分) (2) 本片段中，作者在议论中运用了哪些论证方法(2分) (3) 本片段中，作者列举了两种人打发时间的方式，请说出他们之间的根本区别。由此能看出作者的意图吗(3分) 3?阅读沈从文《箱子岩》中的一段文字： 那一天正是五月十五，河中人过大端阳节。箱子岩洞窟中最美丽的三只龙船，早被乡下人拖出浮在水面上。船只狭而长，船舷描绘有朱红线条，全船坐满了青年浆手，头腰各缠红布。鼓声起处，船便如一支没羽箭，在平静无波的长潭中来去如飞。河身大约一里路宽，两岸皆有人看船，大声呐喊助兴。且有好事者，从后山爬到悬岩顶上去，把“铺地锦”百子鞭炮从高岩上抛下，尽鞭炮在半空中爆裂，形成一团团五彩碎纸云尘，彭彭彭彭的鞭炮声与水面船中锣鼓声相应和。引起人对于历史回溯发生一种幻想，一点感慨。
全国2006年10月高等教育自学考试 现代语言学试题 课程代码：0830 Ⅰ.Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets.(2%×10=20%) 1．Vibration of the vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called voicing, which is a feature of（） A．all consonants B．vowels only C．all consonants and some vowels D．all vowels and some consonants 2．The negative prefix“ in-”in English, when added to the adjective “possible”, is actually pronounced/im/,and spelt as “im”. This is the result of the ______________rule at work. （） A．deletion B．assimilation C．phonetic D．sequential 3．The word “ecology” is a two-morpheme cluster that contains_______________.（）A．two roots B．a root and a suffix C．a root and a free morpheme D．a prefix and a root 4．When we move the adverbial phrase “every day” in the sentence “Every day, we study English” to the end of the sentence, we are now ______________ the phrase to the right.（）A．rewriting B．preposing C．postposing D．maintaining 5．Antonyms are divided into several kinds .Which of the following is NOT a kind of antonyms? （） A．complementary B．relational C．superordinate D．gradable 6．In terms of predication analysis , the utterance“ Is it going to snow this afternoon?” is a______________（） A．one-place predication B．two-place predication C．three-place predication D．no-place predication 7．In Old English, word order was freer because the case endings were rich. So in Old English, word orders included SVO, VSO, SOV and OSV. However, Modern English has a much weaker case system, so its sentences have to follow a basic word order of________________.
高等数学试题及答案 一、单项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1．设f(x)=lnx ，且函数?(x)的反函数1?-2(x+1) (x)=x-1 ，则 []?=f (x)（ ） ....A B C D x-2x+22-x x+2 ln ln ln ln x+2x-2x+22-x 2．()0 2lim 1cos t t x x e e dt x -→+-=-?（ ） A ．0 B ．1 C ．-1 D ．∞ 3．设00()()y f x x f x ?=+?-且函数()f x 在0x x =处可导，则必有（ ） .lim 0.0.0.x A y B y C dy D y dy ?→?=?==?= 4．设函数,1 31,1 x x x ?≤?->?22x f(x)=，则f(x)在点x=1处（ ） A.不连续 B.连续但左、右导数不存在 C.连续但 不可导 D. 可导 5．设C +?2 -x xf(x)dx=e ，则f(x)=（ ） 2 2 2 2 -x -x -x -x A.xe B.-xe C.2e D.-2e 二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每空3分，共30分） 请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。错填、不填均无分。 6.设函数f(x)在区间[0，1]上有定义，则函数f(x+14)+f(x-1 4 )的定义域是__________. 7．()()2lim 1_________n n a aq aq aq q →∞ +++ +<= 8．arctan lim _________x x x →∞ = 9.已知某产品产量为g 时，总成本是2 g C(g)=9+800 ，则生产100 件产品时的边际成本100__g ==MC 10.函数3()2f x x x =+在区间[0，1]上满足拉格朗日中值定理的点ξ是_________.
山东大学网络学院专升本大学语文复习题A 及参考答案 一选择题。每小题 3 分，共30 分。在每小题给出的四个选项中选出一项，把项前的字母填在题后的括号里。 1. “既来之，则安之”这句古语出自（C ） A 庄子 B 孟子 C 论语 D 史记 2. 茅盾是哪个组织的发起者和组织者?（C ） A 新月社 B 创造社 C 文学研究会 D 语丝社 3．下列句子中“于”表被动的是（A ） A 吾长见笑于大方之家 B 移其民于河东 C 西取由余于戎 D 夫物不产于秦，可宝者多 4．北宋诗文革新运动的领袖是（A ） A 欧阳修 B 王安石 C 苏轼 D 梅尧臣 5．下列作品中属于历史散文的是（B ） A《五代史伶官传序》B《郑伯克段于鄢》 C《寡人之于国也》D《宝玉挨打》 6.《张中丞传后叙》歌颂的三个人物是（A ） A 张巡、许远、南霁云 B 张巡、许远、于嵩 C 张巡、许远、雷万春 D 张巡、于嵩、雷万春 7．《红楼梦》的体裁是（A ） A 长篇章回白话小说 B 长篇文言小说 C 诗体韵文小说 D 小说集8?欧?亨利写的唯一一部长篇小说是（D ）
A麦琪的礼物B公务员致死C老人与海D白菜与皇帝 9 ?陶渊明《饮酒》诗“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”两句的抒情方式是（ B ） A借典故抒情B借景抒情C借前人成句抒情D直抒胸臆 10 ?王维山水诗的艺术特点是（D ） A旷达飘逸B慷慨雄壮C沉郁顿挫D诗中有画 二填空题。每空1分，共16分。把答案填在小题中的括号里。 1 ?李斯是（秦）代文学家，是（《谏逐客书》）的作者。 2 ?《左传》是一部（编年体）体历史著作，相传其作者是（左丘明）。 3. 《氓》从文体上看是一首（叙事）诗，从内容上看是一首（弃妇）诗。 4 ?“唐宋八大家”指韩愈、柳宗元、（欧阳修）、（苏洵）、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩。 5?“乐府”是（西汉）王朝设立的（音乐）官署。 6.（王维）是盛唐山水田园诗派的代表诗人，他不仅擅长写诗，还擅长绘画，精通（音乐）） 7 ?“把吴钩看了，（栏干拍遍），无人会，（登临意）。” 8 ?丘也闻有过有家者，（不患寡而患不均），（不患贫而患不安）。 解释词语题。每小题4分，共20分。解释下面句中下面划线的词语的含义 1 ?没有辫子，该当何罪？ 2 ?此非所以跨海内、制诸侯之术也。 3 ?金樽清酒斗十千，玉盘珍羞直万钱。 4 ?虎兕出于柙，龟玉毁于犊中，是谁之过与? 四翻译题。共24分。把下列句子译成现代汉语。当：担当，承担所以：用……的方法直：通“值”，价值是：这
全国2010年10月自学考试现代语言学试题 I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20% ) 1. The purpose of Chomsky’s definition is to focus attention on the purely ______ properties of language, and these properties can be studied from a mathematically precise point of view. A. lexical B. grammatical C. semantic D. structural 2. We refer to the limited range of sounds as the phonic medium of language and individual sounds within that range as ______. A. vowels B. consonants C. sounds D. speech sounds 3. A(n) ______ refers to the existing form to which a derivational affix can be added. A. root B. stem C. affix D. morpheme 4. All sentences in all languages can be represented by constituent structure trees, and all have syntactic rules that determine the linear order of words and their ______ structure. A. linear B. hierarchical C. constituent D. syntactic 5. In semantic analysis of a sentence, a(n) ______ is a logical participant in a predication, largely identical with the nominal element in a sentence. （） A. argument B. subject C. object D. predicate 6. Speaker A: Can you answer the telephone? Speaker B: I’m in the bath. Speaker B is violating the maxim of ______.（） A. quantity B. quality C. relation D. manner 7. New words may be formed from existing words by the removal of a suffix thought to be part of the old word. Such a process is called ______, e.g., caretake from caretaker. A. back-formation B. clipping C. blending D. abbreviating 8. It is insulting to a woman to be called a spinster, but it is not insulting to a man to be called a bachelor. There is nothing inherently ______ about the word spinster. The connotations reflect the sexist views society has about an unmarried woman as opposed to an unmarried man. A. important B. unusual C. pejorative D. commendatory 9. Human linguistic ability depends primarily on human ______. （） A. brain B. vocal cords C. tongue D. articulatory organs 10. In the ______ stage, children begin to produce longer utterances with more complex grammatical structures. （） A. prelinguistic B. one-word C. two-word D. multi-word Ⅱ. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. ( 1%×10=10% ) 11. D linguistics is the systematic description and elucidation of all linguistic changes through time. It studies the historical development of language over a period of time. For example, a study of the changes English has undergone since the time of Shakespeare would be a diachronic study. 12. The phonemes of a language cannot be strung together in any random order to form words. The phonological system determines which phonemes can begin a word, end a word, and follow each other, in other words, there are s rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language. 13. Morphology can be divided into two sub-branches: inflectional morphology and d morphology. 14. Syntax consists of a set of abstract rules that allow words to be combined with other words to form grammatical sentences. It is universally found that syntactic rules comprise a speaker’s system of i linguistic knowledge known as linguistic competence. 15. Pairs of words which exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the lexical items are called r opposites. 16. Pragmatics and semantics are both linguistic studies of m , but what distinguishes them is whether the context of use is considered.