倒装句(Inversion)英语中主语和谓语的语序排列有两种：1、主语在前，谓语在后，称正常语序。
2、为语法要求（如疑问句，there存在句，祝愿句等）或修辞要求（强调，生动，衔接上下文，平衡句子等）而将谓语（或部分谓语）提到主语前，称倒装句。
倒装句又可分为下面两种：1）全部倒装句：即谓语全部放在主语前面。
如Out rushed the man and his wife. 那人和妻子冲了出去。
Through the open window came the sounds of a plane.通过敞开的窗户传来飞机的声响。
2）部分倒装句：即部份谓语（助动词、情态动词、系动词表语）放在主语前Never once has she been seen to cry. 从来没有看见她哭过一次。
Can’t you give us any hope of success? 你不能给我们一线成功的希望吗？一、常见的语法倒装：1、在疑问句中Have you finished your homework?What are you doing?2、在感叹句中What an interesting talk they have!How interesting their talk was!3、在there be[exist/stand/live/lie/remain/be said to be /appear(to be)/seem(to be)/used tobe/come….] 句型中，主谓全部倒装。
There are some books on the desk.There have been many such documents in the office.There lived a king once upon a time.There remains only twenty pounds.There came a knock at the door.There was said to be a fight between Tom and Jim.There used to be a cinema here before the war.There appeared (to be) a quarrel between the two girls.4、the more……., the more……句型中The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.(=If you work harder, you will make greater progress.)5、as引导让步状语从句时，必须用倒装语序，though引导让步状语从句时，可以用倒装语序。
倒装(Inversion)自然语序：主语＋谓语The boy came in.语序倒装语序：谓语的全部/部分＋主语⑴In came the boy. ⑵Never shall we forget them.倒装的原因：1.语法结构的需要 2.为了强调 3.为了保持句子平衡或上下文紧密衔接全部倒装(full inversion)→非疑问句语序倒装部分倒装(partial inversion) →疑问句语序⑴On the wall hang two pictures. ⑵Only in this way can we solve the problem.一、全部倒装1.There be /不及物动词(come, seem, stand, live, exist, remain, appear等)⑴There are two books on the desk. ⑵There lived a rich man near the river.⑶There came shouts for help from the river.2.表方位的副词here, there, out, in, down, up, away, back, off, over放在句首.语序：方位副词＋不及物动词＋主语(名词)⑴Out rushed the children. ⑵Away went the teacher.⑶The door opened and in came Mr. Smith, our headmaster.⑷Down drops the meat into the fox’s mouth.如果主语是代词就不要倒装⑴Here it is! ⑵Here he comes. ⑶Away they went. ⑷Out he ran.另外，这种倒装语序不用实行时态.译：看！公共汽车来了.Look! The bus is coming. Look! Here comes the bus. Look! Here is coming the bus. (×)3. such adj.“这样的，那样的”放在句首.⑴Such was Albert Einstein. ⑵Such are the facts; no one can deny them.⑶ A is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. (2009, 辽宁卷)A. SuchB. ThisC. ThatD. So4.表示地点的介词短语作状语放在句首.⑴At the gate stood a policeman. ⑵South of the city lies a steel factory.⑶In the front of the stage stood a singer. ⑷On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.5.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首.⑴“Help!”Shouted the boy. “Help!” He shouted. ⑵“I’ve had enough” said John“I will go.”6.为了使上下文紧密衔接.⑴They reached a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.7.强调作表语的形容词，分词或介词短语放在句首.⑴present at the meeting are ten famous writers. ⑵Among the children was an old man.8.在以now, then, thus等表示时间的副词开头的句子，谓语动词为不及物动词如come, turn, follow, speak, end, be等. 结构：时间副词＋谓语＋主语⑴Then followed a shot of gun. ⑵Now comes your turn! ⑶Thus ended the meeting.二、部分倒装语序：助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语＋v.(原)1.构成一般疑问句，特殊疑问句.⑴Are you Mr. Smith? ⑵Have you seen John? ⑶Where did you go?例外：⑴What happened to Mary? ⑵What makes you so angry?⑶How many people are listening to the lecture?2.副词so, as, neither, nor放在句首.⑴—You are a doctor. —So/ As is he. ⑵—I can’t speak French. —Nor can she.注意：so表示“确实如此时”，主谓不倒装.⑴—She is very smart. —So she is..3.含义为否定意义的副词或短语放在句首：hardly, never, seldom, scarcely, barely, rarely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, in no way/ case, at no time, neither…nor …, not only…but also…, not until, no sooner …than…, hardly/ scarcely …when…等.⑴He cared little for money. →Little did he care for money. Never before have I met him.⑵He not only knows English, but also French. →Not only does he know English, but also French.⑶We will not come home until it is dark. →Not until it is dark will we come home.⑷Not until yesterday afternoon did it stop raining. ⑸Neither did I know this nor did I want to.⑹Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the loss was.⑺Nor sooner had Tom got home than the phone rang. ⑻In no time did they catch the bus.⑼By no means should you buy that kind of car .(10)Hardly had the train arrived when I ran to meet my friend. (11) Neither is he foolish, nor is he lazy.注意：Not only you but also she has been to Beijing. (不倒装)4.only +adv. / 介词短语/从句作状语放在句首时.⑴You can succeed only in this way. →Only in this way can you succeed.⑵I realized that I was wrong only then. →Only then did I realize that I was wrong.⑶You can join the army only you are 18. →Only when you are 18 can you join the army.⑷Only when the war ended was he able to return home.only修饰主语时，主语不倒装.⑴Only Tom can do it. ⑵Only John knows the answer.5.含有were, should, had的if虚拟条件句，能够省略if,把were, should, had放在句首.⑴Were he here now, I could ask him. ⑵Should I be free tomorrow, I would come.⑶Had you not helped me, I would have failed.6.as引导让步状语从句，though两者均可，although只能用自然语序.结构：adj. / adv. / n. / v. +as (though) +主+谓语⑴Young / Child as (though) she is, she knows a lot. Though she is young, she knows a lot.⑵Alone as he is, he doesn’t feel lonely. ⑶Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.⑷Hard as he studied, he failed in the exam. ⑸Come as he might, he wouldn’t support you.⑹Try as she might, she failed. (后有may, might, will, would)7.在含有so/ such…that…结果状语从句，若将so及其所修饰的成分放在句首，主句须用部分倒装语序.结构：so+ adj. / adv. +be /助动词+主语+that clause. 或such..提前到句首时⑴He was so tired that he couldn’t stand up. →So tired was he that he couldn’t stand up.⑵He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him. →So fast did he run that I couldn’t catch up with him.⑶Such a noise was there that I couldn’t work ⑷such in a hurry did he leave that he forgot to lock the door.8.以方式副词well或频率副词often, usually, always, many a time, now and then开头的句子.⑴She remembers the day well. →Well does she remember the day.⑵We usually go to play football on Sunday. →Usually do we go to play football on Sunday.9.may表示祈求或愿望“但愿，祝愿”.⑴May you be happy! ⑵May you live long! ⑶Long live world peace. ⑷Long live the people.。
Module 8 Unit 3 Grammar & UsageInversation(倒装句)I.Warm-up1.What is inversion?Inversion is the changing of the order of the words in the sentence. When we use inversion, we put the predicate or part of it before the subject.2.Why do we use inversion? To put emphasis on the predicate instead of on the subject.3.In what cases can we use inversion?Some examples?在疑问句中用倒装Did you go to visit the Louvre? What do you know about van Gogh Conclusion: When we use inversion,we put the predicate or part of it before the subject.II.倒装句分为两种，部分倒装和全部倒装部分倒装将谓语的一部分提到主语之前全部倒装将谓语的全部提到主语之前A.部分倒装:1. 句首状语为否定副词或半否定副词的句子这类词或短语主要有:not, no, never, neither, nor, few, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, 等He did not like the painting. Neither did I.Neither am I impressed by the paintings nor do I like them.Never in my life have I seen such wonderful pictures.Not a word did he say about his visit to the art museum.At no time during the tour was I bored. Seldom does he paint now.Hardly had I got to Amsterdam when it began to snow.如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分，不用倒装：It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.若hardly, scarcely后接any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never（几乎不、从不），则无须倒装。
