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英语常见形近词61组1.infer推断, refer参考;查阅, prefer更喜欢, confer协商;商议2.deliver 交付;递送;发表/布, relieve减轻;安慰;解除, release释放;解除;发表3.distribute 分布/配, tribute贡物, contribute贡献,资助, attribute归因于4.assess(v.)评估/价, assert(v.)断言;坚持, asset(n.)优点;长处;资/财产, accent口音;重音5.expose使暴露,揭露, exploit开发;利用;剥削, explode爆炸, explore探索;勘探6.(v.)assume假定/设, presume推测;假定, resume重新开始,consume消耗, perfume香水7.route路(线/程), routine惯例,常规, course路线,道路;课程8.state, status地位;身份, statue雕塑/像, stature身材;身高,statute法规;章程9.application申请;应用, applicator涂抹器, applicant申请人, appliance(家用)电器 10.immerse沉浸,沉迷于, submerge浸/淹没, merge(使)合并/结合11.peek瞥,偷窥, peel去皮, peen锤打, peep窥视, peer细看,凝视 12.revise修订/改;复习, reverse倒转, (内外)反向, invert(上下) 倒转, inverse相反的(数学) 13.sign, resign辞职, design设计, assign分配 14.daily每日的, dairy牛奶场, diary日记 15.tend打算, intent/intention目的,意图/向tend, incline倾向于, tendency, trend趋势/向 16.hospital, hospitable好客的, hostile敌对的, hotel 17.exceed(v.)超出/过, excess(n.), exceeding(a.)超越的;非常的, excessive(a.)过度/多的 18.undertake承担, understand, undergo经历, underly在...之下, undermine暗中破坏,逐渐损害 19.bound跳跃, bond结合, blond金色的 20.press, suppress镇压;制止, oppress压迫/抑, repress抑制;镇压, compress压缩, express, impress, depress沮丧;萧条 21.persuade劝说, convince说服 22.respect, inspect检查/阅, prospect勘探,前途aspect, suspect怀疑,嫌疑人 23.chick, sick, pick, thick, stick, tick, kick, lick舔, brick 砖, nick关键时刻;凹痕/缺口, flick轻弹/拂, click咔哒声,conflict冲突, inflict 使负担;受折磨 24.shadow影子, shade树荫, shelter避难所,躲藏处 shield盾牌 25.transmit,传送/达/播transform变换, transfer传递;调职;迁移, transport运输, transaction事务/项, transition转变;过渡 26. persist坚持;固执, resist抵抗/制, insist, desist停止, consist, assist 27.slip滑倒;小错, slide滑动/行;幻灯片, glide滑翔, slither(象蛇一样)扭动前行 28.anger愤怒, angel 天使, angle角度, ankle脚踝 29.decline拒绝;衰败, incline倾向于;倾斜, recline斜靠;横卧 30.abuse滥用;虐待, amuse让…高兴, misuse错误地使用,accuse起诉, curse诅咒 31.justyfy证明…有理;为…辩护, testify证明/实, rectify纠正;整顿, verify证明;确定;鉴定, certify证明/实, specify, notify通知;公布, ratify批准;承认, fortify加强;坚固, intensify使强烈;增强, signify表示;有重要性, purify, clarify, simplify, amplify, magnify 32.efficient, effective, sufficient 33.tract一片水域/土地, contract收缩;订约, distract分散/心, extract提取;摘录;榨, abstract摘要;抽象的, retract收回;否认, subtract扣除;减少 34.altitude高度;海拔, attitude态度, aptitude天资;聪慧, latitude 纬度;自由自在, gratitude感激, multitude许多, longitude经度/线 35.deserve 值得, preserve保护/存/鲜, conserve保护存, reserve保留;预定36.instinct本能;直觉, distinct不同的;清楚的, extinct灭种的;熄灭的 37.introduce, reduce, deduce推理, induce归纳, conduce有助于;促进 38.bland平淡无味的, blond金色的, blend掺和, blind pliment称赞;恭维, complement补充/足(物), implement工具;履/实行 40. responsible, answerable, liable 41.legible易读/认的,明了的, legal 42.trillion, million, triangle, triple, trinity 43.magnet, magnetic, magnetism, magnetization 44.vigorous精力充沛的, rigorous严酷/厉/密的 45.stationary固定/不变的, stationery文具 46.adapt, adopt, adept 47.48.describe, prescribe, subscribe, ascribe (description, prescription) 49.live(a.), alive, lively, living 50.assemble, resemble51.vogue, vulgar 52.virtual, virtue prise构成;包括, compromise妥协, promise许诺, compose组合/成 54.sack袋子;解雇, sock短袜;猛击, suck吸;吮, sick 55.act, interaction相互作用, reaction反应/响, counteraction抵抗56.constitue构成；组成, substitute替代, institute学院/会 57. prefer宁愿；更喜欢, infer推断, refer参考;查阅, confer协商/议 58.trail, trial 59.gutter排水沟, butter黄油, mutter嘟囔, glitter发光/亮, litter 59.moral道德/义的, morale民心;士气, mortal致命的 60.claim主张;宣称;要求, disclaim弃权;不认领, reclaim纠正;收回, acclaim欢呼;称赞, declaim高谈阔论, exclaim呼喊;惊叫, proclaim宣布/告61．Junior，senior，inferior，superior，interior。
考研英语高频词汇release详解release v./ n.释放，发布[词组] on ~在公映，发行[真题连线]Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. (2013-Text 1)更快的周转意味着更少的库存浪费和更频繁的推新和更多的利润。
reluctant a.不情愿的，勉强的[同义词] unwilling a.不愿意的[真题连线]Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. (2013-Use of English)尽管存在种种因素，许多社会科学家似乎并不愿意处理此类问题。
remain vi.余留，仍然是[词组] ~ to be seen待见分晓[形近词] remains n.残余[真题连线]Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening. (2004-Text 3)消费者似乎只是适度地担忧，没有恐慌。
许多人说，即使当他们稍微节省开支的时候，他们对经济的远景还是保持乐观的。
remark v.评论n.注意，言辞[词组] make a ~发表评论[形近词] remarkable a.值得注意的，显著的，非凡的[真题连线]If you are part of the group, which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. (2002-Text 1)如果你是谈话对象群体中的一员，就能够了解你们所有人共有的经历和问题，你可以针对食堂难以下咽的食物或领导对领带差劲的品味做出即兴的评论。
在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。
而考研英语知识运用(俗称“完型填空”)着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。
尚考考研为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，供参考。
尚考考研辅导老师根据多年的考研辅导经验，结合英语考试大纲，以及历年真题命题特点，向广大考生推荐以下考研英语知识运用。
1、apparent，evident，manifest，obvious，distinct这一组形容词都有“明显的”之意。
apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤指容易观察或认识到的事物。
E.g. It has been apparent that in other areas standards have held up well.显然，这些标准在其他地区执行得很好。
evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。
E.g. The threat of inflation is already evident in bond prices.通货膨胀的危险在证券价格上已经表现得很明显。
manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。
E.g. Fear was manifest on her face. 她脸上显露出惧怕的神情。
obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。
E.g. It's obvious that you need more time to think. 显然你需要更多时间来思考。
distinct a.清楚的，明显的;不同的，独特的。
修饰性质明显不同的东西。
E.g. The lighthouse beam was quite distinct in the gathering dusk.灯塔的光束在渐浓的暮色中清晰可见。
2、applaud，clap，commend，praiseapplaud v.鼓掌，赞扬，指因精湛表演或某种行为得到别人的赞许，大声叫好或热烈鼓掌。
形近单词Imaginative( 有想象力的) boy; imaginable(可想到的) difficulty; imaginary (想象的;编造的)storyrespectful (充满敬意的)listener ; respective (各自的)method; problem ; respectable (令人尊敬的)teacherfavorable ( 赞同的)attitude; favorite ( 最喜欢的)foodsuccessful ( 成功的); successive (连续的; 系列的)events; a succession(系列) of incidents artificial (人造的)flower/intelligence; artistic(艺术的) antiqueeconomic (经济的)growth/crisis; sth is economical(经济节约的)considerable (相当多的)effort/energy; considerate(体贴的,细心的) teacheradapt to (适应)the environment; adopt (采纳;收养)a boy/method/policy; adjust to (适应)a environmentelectric (电流的,电的)bulb/current; electrical ( 电学的,和电有关的)appliance/engineering; electronic ( 电子的)mail/dictionaryextensive ( 广泛的)reading; exclusive ( 独家的)program; expansive ( 广阔的;胸襟开阔的)area/speaker; intensive ( 深入的;尽心的;集中的)care/research/study/laborsustain ( 维持)one’s life; retain ( 保留)a good memory; contain(包括); maintain( 保持;保养;认为) the speed/ the car/ the road/ the skin; remain unchanged/silent; attain (成就)a prizerefine (提炼;雕琢)an essay/ words/oil; confine ( 限制)sb/sth to; be defined( 定义) as; definite(明确的) answer/solutionacquire ( 获得;获取; 收购)skill/knowledge/ a company; inquire( 查询;问讯) the train schedule/flight/the score; request ( 请求); require(要求)reserve ( 储存)the energy; preserve (保护)the nature/animals; conserve (保持;留住)the power/water and soil; preservative (保鲜剂)clash (冲突)of two countries/ the time; crush (压碎)sth into pieces; crash (撞上)into/ air carsh; smash ( 打成碎片)sth into pieces; crack(裂缝;破裂); split ( 分开; 平分)the billattempt to( 尝试;企图) do ; contempt(蔑视)=look down upon; tempt (怂恿)sb to do sth; temptation(诱惑)arise(出现)=appear; rise (上升了/到)by/to; raise( 使..升高;饲养;酬款) a hand/ the flag; arouse (激,唤起… 情感)one’s anger /sympathy /passion/curiositysufficient( 足够的)=enough=adequate; proficient( 熟练的;精通的) =skilful in; efficient (有效率的)worker/power; effective (有效果的, 作用的)method/solution; deficient( 不足的,不熟练的)=inadequateexposure(暴露;面队) to the sun/danger/medium; extension (延长)of the visit/school/talk; exhibition(展览); expansion (发展;膨胀;壮大)of the company/business/ a countrytransform(改变)=change; transport(运输); be transferred (调动;位置的转移)to a position/school/ a club airport/transfer money; transmit (传播)the news/signal /disease; transplant (移植)the organ acceptable (可接受的; 认可的)offer/ suggestion; available (有货的,人..有空的)position/resource; advisable (合理的;明智的)idea/approach/method; applicable(可应用的;适用的) method/plan attention(注意力); tourist attraction; appointment(预约); arrangement(安排)estimate(估计); evaluate(评价)=assess; exaggerate(夸张)retreat (重复); retire (退休); replace(取代) A with B; recover (康复; 复苏)from; revive(重获新生)rejection(拒绝;排斥); recession(退潮;萧条); restriction(限制) onA bright prospect (前景); progress(进步;进展); process (处理;动词;过程;流程(名词))the food/ words/file; procedure(步骤;环节) of registration/application; product(产品)reveal (泄露;表露)the truth/secret; reverse(倒转;反转) the car/tape/the promise/order; resume (重新启动;开始)a machine/a program; repeat(重复) repeat a class; a yearsound/visual /positive/negative/effect (效果名词); affect(影响动词); reflect (表现)a fact/the light; perfect (完美的)Aspect(方面); angle(角度); abstract(抽象的;摘要,名词) theory; assumption(假设;预测)Ensure(确保) one’s safety; assure( 使..确信) sb sth; insure (保险)sth against ; be sure(确定) consistent (一贯的;一致的)policy; constant (忠诚的)person; continuous (一直的,不停的)rain; continual(一直的,有停顿的) quarrels/wars; persistent in(坚持); persistence(持续;毅力名词); insistence on( 坚持认为要求)motive (动机)to ; motivation(动力;积极性); mobile (移动的;流动的)phone/population/ school/hospital; motion(运动;移动) picture; sit motionless(不动的)later (后面的); late(迟到的); latter(最后部分的); last(最后的)。
英语专业必备形近词辨析50例（绝对实用）[hide][/hide]1.adherence和adhesion这两个词都是“粘附的”意思。
adherence用于比喻的意思。
例如：His adherence to the strict letter of the law. adhesion是指物质上的。
2. adjacent，adjoining和contiguous这些词都有next to“紧挨”的意思。
adjacent“毗邻的，邻近的”，但它们可能并不相互直接接触。
adjoining和contiguous指相互接触，通常之间有一个edge或boundary。
3.admission和admittance它们都有“the act of entering”的意思。
但admission用于公共场合。
The price of admission to the gallery is ￡5. admittance不指公共场合，一般指私人的住所。
4. adopted和adoptiveadopted“收养的，过继的” an adopted son (daughter)养子(女)；my adopted country 我所入籍的国家; adopted words外来语。
adoptive“收养的”，我们说adoptive parents,但很少说adoptive child;“采用的”，“假冒的”an adoptive courage 假充勇敢。
5.adverse和averseadverse“不利的，反对的”，用于事，不用于人。
adverse weather conditions; an adverse reaction.averse“嫌恶的，反对的，不乐意的”，常和“to”一起使用，而且用否定形式。
6.advise和adviceadvise“劝告”(动词)；advice“劝告”(名词)。
7.affect和effectaffect v.“影响”，它的第二个意思是“假装”Though she affectes indifference, I knew she was really very upset.effect n.“结果”，“效力”。
形近词形近词1.grasp, grip, grasping, gripping2.aspire, respire, perspire, expire3.deceive, receive, perceive, conceive4.motivate, motive5.connote, denote, denounce, announce, pronounce6.evoke, provoke, revoke, invokeevoke: to cause (sth) to be expressed or rememberedrevoke: to say officially that (an agreement, permission, law etc) is no longer in effectinvoke: to request or ( a power) to help when you want to improve a situationprovoke: to make or try to make a person or an animal angry or annoyed7.inhibit, inhabit, exhibit, prohibit, inherit8.collusion, delusion, illusion, disillusion9.proficient, efficient, deficient, sufficient10.reduce, produce, deduce, induce, conduce11.other than, rather than, no more than, not more than, no more…than, not more……than, noother than, less than no time, more often than not, as often as not, as likely as not, no sooner…than, barely/hardly…when (see grammar book 294)12.worth, worthy, worthwhile (see vocabulary book 587)13.likely, probable, possible (see vocabulary book 386)14.conspicuous, ambiguous15.afflict, inflict, conflict,afflict v. to make someone suffer or experience serious problems →affliction (n.)*be afflicted by/with…Italy has been afflicted by political corruption for decades.inflict v. to make someone suffer sth. unpleasant →infliction (n.)*inflict sth. on/upon sb.He inflicted a great deal of suffering on his wife and children.*inflict yourself on: (humorous) to visit or be with someone when they do not want youFrank’s in-laws are inflicting themselves on us for the weekend.conflict v. n. not in harmony*in conflict withThe principles of democracy are sometimes in conflict with political reality.*conflict of interest/interestsThere is a growing conflict of interest between her position as a politician and her business activities.*conflict withThis conflicts with the police evidence.*conflicting opinions/demands/interests etc.16.forestall, foretell, forecast, foresee17.abandon, desert, forsake18.press, repress, depress, suppress, compress19.in the air, on the air, put on airs, off the airWe used to watch that show, but it’s off the air now. （停播）Viewers of ABC news have been seeing Mr. Harris regularly on the air. （在⼴播中/电视中）My father went straight up in the air when he heard I damaged the car. （⼗分恼⽕）I hate to see people put on airs. (摆架⼦)Our plan is still in the air. (未定；悬⽽未决)There is a rumor in the air that there will be an earthquake in this region. (在流传中)People should be encouraged and rewarded rather than punished for airing their views. (充分发表观点)20.impose, dispose, expose, propose, compose, reposeimpose: ~on: force sth. on sbDon’t impose your company on people who don’t want you.dispose~of: finish; get rid of; deal with The dictator soon disposed of his opponents.21.assure, ensure, assert, reassure, secureassure v. ~of to try to cause (someone) to believe or trust in sth; to promise; to try to persuade I assure you that this medicine cannot harm you.He assured us of hi ability to work.reassure: ~ about/of to comfort and make (someone who is anxious or uncertain) free from fear or uncertainty 使放⼼；使安⼼Let me reassure you that that all is going well.ensure: to make sure or certainHis help ensured our success/ensured that we were successful.assert: to state or declare forcefully →assertive (adj.)→assertion (n.)She asserted her ideas loudly and clearly. He asserted that he was not guilty. 22．capacity, capability, proficiency capacity主要指容纳和吸收的“能⼒”，既可⽤于⼈，也可⽤于物，后接介词for或ofThis theatre has a seating capacity of seven hundred.capability: ability; practical power “才能”；“能⼒”She thinks nothing is beyond her capabilities.proficiency (often fml & tech)the state or the quality of being proficient, very able 熟练；精通Proficiency in several foreign languages is needed for work as a traveller’s guide.He shows great proficiency at that work.23. faint, obscure, vague, misty, opaquefaint: not having brightness, clearness; strength, etcThe handwriting on the page was very faint. She gave a faint cry.obscure: ①not easy to see, understand 模糊不清的；晦涩的；难懂的②not famous The shapes of the buildings were obscure because of the mist.vague: not certain or definite, esp. in talking, writing, etc.She was very vague about her plans.He was the son of an obscure writer.misty: not clear or bright; of or like mistWithout glasses every thing is just a misty blur.opaque: ①not allowing light to pass through 不透明的；不透光的The glass in the door was opaque.②hard to understand very opaque style of writing →transparent(oppo.)24. trample/tram/tranquil25. manifest/confess/26. literal/literate/literary27. likeness/likelihood/liking28. hypothesis29. exclusive/inclusive/conclusive/excessive30. excursion/incursion31. eligible/illegible32. eloquent/subsequent/consequent33. detain/retain/contain34. impulse, repulse, compulsory35. concede/recede/proceed/accede36. inverse/converse/reverse37. disperse, dispatch, dispel, discard, dispose, dispense, discharge38. compose, dispose, repose, impose39. describe, ascribe, inscribe, prescribe40, ascend, ascent, descent, descend, descendant41. restrain, constrain42. tempt, attempt, contempt43, destitute, constitute, institute44. compel, impel, repel, compilecompile: to collect information and arrange it in a book, list report, etc45. as a whole, on the wholeas a whole: as one thing or piece and not as separate parts; in generale.g. The population as a whole is in favor of the reform.On the whole: considering everything46. in all, all in allin all: as a totalall in all: when everything is considered47. oppose, object tooppose sth/ be opposed to sth/doing sthobject to (doing) sth.48. rather than, other than, more than, nothing other than, no other than, none other than, sooner than49. more than that, moreover, in addition50. preserve, conserve, reserve51. annoy, bother, irritate, disturb52. deceive, trick, cheat, swindledeceive sb/oneself into doing sth: to make sb believe sth that is not true, esp. so as to persuade them to do sth.e.g. His friendly manner didn’t deceive us for long.You can’t pass exams without working, so don’t deceive yourself into thinking you can.deceit n./deceitful adj. Dishonestdeception/deceptivecheat: to trick or deceive sb/sth∽at sth: to act dishonestly in order to win an advantage, esp in a game or examinationcheat n.trick: ∽sb into sth/doing sth ∽sb out of sthtrickery n.swindle: (infml) --sb/sth (out of sth): to cheat sb/sth, esp in a business deale.g. –an insurance companyInvestors were swindled out of millions of pounds.53. considerate, considerable, considered, considering54. respective, respectable, respectful55. honorable, honorary, honorific, honored56. precede, proceed, precludeprecede: to come or go before sb/sth in time, order, position etc; to happen before sthprecede sth with sth: to do or say sth to introduce sth elsee.g. At the inauguration ceremony, the newly elected president preceded his speech wit a few words of thanks to his supporters.preceed with sth:继续进⾏（停顿后继续做同⼀件事情）；proceed to sth:接下去做另外⼀件事preclude: -sth/sb from doing sth(fml): to prevent sth from happening to make something impossible 57. consistent, insistent, constant, persistent, resistant59. affect, effect, influence60. inquiring, inquisitive61. restrict, constrict62. unwanted, unwonted, unwitting, unwarranted63. credit, credulity, credence64. credible, credulous65. contain, maintain, retain, sustain66. sustenance, maintenance, confinement, retainability67. staggering, staggered, stagnant68. pressing, obligatory, compelling, exacting69. fake, fault, falsehood, flaw70. highlight, enlighten71. brittle, brutal, bizarre, barren, sterile,72. obscene, obscure73. inspiration, perspiration, sensation74. eject, reject, dejected, inject75. grant, endow, assign, confer, bestow76. radical, rational77. remedy, recipe, prescription, receipt78. endurance, tolerance, insistence, existence79. contemplate, contaminate80. respective, respectable, respectful, respecting81. considerate, considerable, considering, considered82. honorific, honored, honorable, honorary83. adopted sons, adoptive parents84. continuously, continually85. at that, upon that, with that, in that, and that, and those86. out of question (undoubtedly), out of the question (quite impossible)87. at present (now), for the present⽬前，现在、如今88. impetus, stimulus,89. impulse, repulse, compulsory。
形近易混词形近易混杂词A1.adept adopt adaptadeptadj.（与 at, in 连用）娴熟的；精晓的She was adept at the fine art of irritating people.n.行家；老手adoptvt. 收养采纳；采用They adopted our methods.正式经过；采用The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favour to 10 against it.adaptvt. 使适应；使适合He adapted himself to the cold weather.When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well.2.adopted adoptiveadoptedadj.被收养的，被采用的an adopted childan adopted adviceadoptiveadj.收养（孩子）的an adoptive mother3.averse adverseaversea dj.（常与to连用）嫌恶的I am not averse to a dance party and a good mean after a week's hard work.The minister is averse to/from flattery.adverseadj. 不利的；相反的an adverse decisionAdverse circumstances compelled him to close his business.4 affection affectationaffectionn.友善 , 爱情 , 影响 , 疾病 , 偏向affectationn.假装 , 虚饰 , 造作5.altitude latitude longitude multitude attitude aptitudealtituden.（海拔）高度At high altitudes of Tibet it is difficult to breathe.高处The plane flew at an altitude of 20000 metres.latituden.纬度 , 范围 , ( 用复数 ) 地域 , 行动或言论的自由(范围 )longituden.经度 , 经线multituden.多半 , 民众attituden.姿势态度People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely. 见解；建议What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river?What's the authorities' attitude towards this discord? aptituden.能力；才能；天资6.angle angelanglen.角；角度a right angle角落；墙角；棱角看法；见解；看问题的角度to consider all angles of the questionThe professor angled his report to suit the audience he was speaking to.vt.转动一个角度to angle a camera带成看法描绘（某事）He angles his reports to please his editor in chief.用钩和钓垂钓He is keen on angling.（与 for 连用）运用手段获取，攫取angeln.天使守卫神仁爱、美丽的女人7.announce denounce r enounce pronounceannouncevt. 通知；发布 ,宣布，宣布The captain announced that the plane was going to land.The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.denouncevt.揭发；揭发；训斥renouncevt. 正式放弃He renounced his claim to the property.宣布隔离关系He renounced his religion.pronouncevt., vi. 发音；发出音How do you pronounce c-l-e-r-k?宣称；宣布；断言The expert pronounced the picture to be a forgery. The priest pronounced them man and wife. Everyone pronounced the party to be very good. （常与 on, for, against, in favor of 连用）〈法〉宣判The judge pronounced sentence on the prisoner.8. annual annulannualadj.每年的；一年一次的an annual eventannulvt. 撤消，取销（婚姻、契约等）9.apposite oppositeappositeadj.适合的oppositeadj.相对的 , 对面的 , 对峙的 , 相反的 , 平等的 , 对应的n.相反的事物10 appraise apprise praiseappraisevt.评估，议论，判定apprisevt.通知；见告She was apprised of our arrival.The secretary came to apprise us that the erection of completed.praisevt.赞叹；赞誉；颂扬；颂扬She praised her daughter's hard work.11.apprehensive comprehensiveapprehensiveadj.忧愁的；担忧的apprehensive for sb.'s safetycomprehensiveadj.全面的；宽泛的；包括内容多的；详细的The state government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.12 argument augmentargumentn.争辩,争辩,论据,论点,～(for,against),建议augmentvt., vi. 增大；增添13.ascribe describe prescribe subscribeinscribe proscribeascribe vt.归因于,归罪于describevt. 描绘 , 记述 , 形容 , 形容v.描绘prescribevt., vi. 开药方；处方,命令；规定The law prescribes what should be done.What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption?The doctor prescribed total abstinence.subscribevt., vi. （常与 to, for 连用）捐钱；捐助订购（报纸、杂志等）（常与 to 连用）赞成，赞成inscribevt.（常与 in, on, with 连用）题写；铭记 Sheinscribed her own name on the textbook.（常与 to 连用）题名This book I inscribe to my old comrades-in-arms. proscribevt.严禁14.assent ascentvi.（常与to连用）赞成ascentn.上升 , (地位 , 名誉等的 ) 提高 , 登攀 , 上坡路15 dissent descent decentdissentvi.（常 from 连用）持异议；不一样意；建议不一致He and I dissented from each other in choosing a suitable candidate.descentn.降落；下滑；降下；下来.血统；遗传He traces his descent from an old Norman family. decent vacation n.假期I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college vacation.18authentic authoritativeauthentic真切的：与事实符合而且值得相信、信任的：an authentic account by an eyewitness.真切的：有着经证明的本源或创作者的；非假造的或非复制的：an authentic medieval sword.一把真切的中世纪剑authoritativeadj 风光的适合的adj.（形容词）官方的：有着或由政府倡始的；官方的：16. assume resume consume presume assumevt. 假定；假定I assume you always get up at the same time.采用；肩负to assume new dutiesresumen.纲要 , 大要 , <美 > 简历vt. 再持续 , 从头开始 , 从头占用 , 再用 , 恢复consumevt., vi. 吃，喝 ,耗费；花费；花销His old car consumed much gasoline.毁坏；烧毁The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildingsin the neighbourhood.presumevt., vi. （常与 that 连用）假定；假定；以为I presume from your speech that you are a foreigner. You must presume no such thing.看作；暂时以为If a person is missing for 7 years, he is presumed dead.（常与 to + inf 连用）猖狂；擅作主张A servant ought not to presume.（与 on, upon 连用）期望；寄希望于We must not presume too mush on the reliability of such sources.17avocation vocation vacation avocation n. (个人)副业,业余喜好an authoritative decree; authoritative sources.威望性的：拥有公认的精准性或优异性的；极可信任的：an authoritative account of the revolution.独断的：履行权益的；命令的：the captain's authoritative manner.19adjoin adjacent adjournadjoin v t.毗邻；邻近；切近Our house adjoins theirs.adjacent adj.(与to连用）相邻的，周边的adjourn vt., vi.缓期；休会，会议暂停The meeting will be adjourned till next Wednesday.20admire admiraladmire v.赞叹,敬佩,敬羡admiral n.海军大将,舰队司令,旗舰21 adore adornadore vt.崇敬尊敬；恭敬特别喜爱He adores the cinema.She adores going to the volleyball match.adorn vt.装修She likes to adorn herself with jewels.增添的重要性或吸引力He tried to adorn his story with a lot of lies22. appliance applicant application appliancen.器具, 器具applicantn.申请者 , 恳求者applicationn.恳求 , 申请 , 申请表 , 应用 , 运用23alley allyalleyn.小道 , 巷 , (花园里两边有树篱的)小径allyv.缔盟 , 与 ...(在血统 , 性质等上 )相关系 , 联盟n.联盟国 , 支持者24 accession accessaccessionn.任职 , 到任 , 增添 , 增添accessn.通路 , 接见 , 入门vt. 存取 , 靠近B1. bull bullybulln. 公牛 , 粗壮如牛的人 ,乐观进步的人胡诌；空话bullyvt. 恐吓；侮辱；以强凌弱He's always bullying smaller boys.2.bandage bondagebandage n绷带bondage n奴役，约束3.bread beadbread n面包4.bump dump jump hump lump plump pumpbumpn.撞击 , 肿块v.碰 (伤 ), 撞 (破 ), 颠簸dumpvt. 倾倒 (垃圾 ), 倾卸n.堆存处jump n.跳跃 , 上升 , 惊跳vt.跳跃 , 跃过 , 突升 , 使跳跃vi.跳跃, 狂涨humpn.驼峰 , 驼背 , 小园丘 , 峰丘v.(使 )隆起 , 弓起lumpn.块（尤指小块） , 肿块 , 笨人vt.使成块状 , 混在一同 .plumpadj.圆胖的 , 丰满的 , 鼓起的vt.忽然放下 , 使丰满 , 使鼓起vi.变丰满 , 鼓起pumpn.泵 , 抽水机vt.( 用泵 )抽 (水 ), 抽吸5.beach breach bleachbeachn.海滨；湖滨；河滩The little beach hotel has a pleasant ambien breachn.（常与 of 连用）违反；不执行；破坏in breach of contractYour company is in breach of the contract. bleachvt., vi. 使变白Did you bleach this tablecloth?bead n珠子,水珠vt祷告6.bride bribebride n新娘bribe n vt行贿7.boom broomboom n.v 繁华兴盛broom n 扫帚8.buffet bufferbuffetn.餐具柜 , 小卖部 , 殴打 , 打击 vt①连续地打击②格斗buffervt 缓冲、和缓形近易混词台C1. censor censure 4. classic classicalcensorn.检查员classicvt. 检查 , 审察n.杰作 , 名著censure adj.第一流的v.责问classicaln.责问adj.古典的 , 正统派的 , 古典文学的2. cession session 5. clench clinchcessionn.割让 , 转让 , [律 ]让与 (他人 ) 债权sessionn.（官方机构的）会议，会期，开会期The general session approved the report of the investigation committee.学期；大学的学期3. clash crush crash clenchvt., vi. 紧合；咬紧（牙关）；捏紧（拳头）She clenched her teeth when she was operated on. 紧握；抓牢The girl clenched her money in her hand.clinchvt., vi. 敲弯钉头钉牢；钉住把（木头）钉牢在一同确定；决定（贸易等）；完成买卖或合同clashn.矛盾 , 撞击声 , 反抗the clash of weaponsclash of interestsa clash with the policeI failed to go to her wedding because it clashed with my examination.战斗It is broadcast that the two armies clashed near the borderline again before dawn.vi., vt.矛盾The enemy armies clashed.（事情）在时间上相矛盾It's a pity the two concerts clash.（常与 with 连用）（色彩）不协调This shirt clashes with your trousers.crushvt., vi. 压碎；压坏；碾碎挤压；塞to crush one's way through the crowd破坏；镇压；压服to crush all oppositioncrashn.碰撞 , 坠落 , 坠毁 , 撞击声 , 爆裂声v.碰撞 , 坠落 , 坠毁 , ( 指商业企业 , 政府等 )破产 , 垮The two companies clinched the deal quickly.The offer of more money clinched it for her. She agree to undertake the job as the assistant to the managing director.6.coarse hoarse roarcoarseadj.粗的；粗拙的；未精华的（表面）不圆滑的；粗织的coarse cloth鲁莽的；莽撞的；不礼貌的coarse talkhoarseadj.沙哑的His voice was hoarse after talking for an hour.roarn.吼声；吼怒声the roar of an angry lionThe lion gave a loud roar.7. canvass canvascanvasn.粗帆布一块油画布The young artist showed me his recent canvases.canvassn.细查 , 议论 , 劝诱vt. 完全检查 , 细究 , 向 ...拉票或拉买卖, 议论vi.游说 , 拉选票8. cannon canoncannonn.加农炮；大炮canonn.教规，宗教法例9. credible credulouscredibleadj.可信的；靠谱的credulousadj.轻信他人的10 continual continuouscontinualadj.over and over again; regular but interrupted;连续的Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for trifles.continuousadj.不停的continuing without stopping ;ceaselesscontinuous rain all day7.collide colludecollidevi.互撞；碰撞；（车、船等）猛撞The two trains collided.矛盾；反对；激烈反抗(with)colludevi.同谋；勾通；串联 (with)8. comment commendcommentn.说明 , 议论 , 建议vi. 说明 , 议论 (on ) vt.夸赞 , 夸奖 , 介绍 , 拜托 , 吸引9. compel expel propel repelcompelvt.逼迫 , 迫使expelvt 赶走：驱赶或把赶出去：expel an invader.排出：冷静器里或象冷静器里开释：被迫走开；把除名：expelled the student from college for cheating.See Synonyms at ejectpropelvt.推动，推动驱使repelvt.击退；逐退to repel an attack使憎恶；使讨厌His accent repels me.10 contemporary temporarycontemporaryn.同时代的人adj.今世的 , 同时代的temporaryadj.暂时的 , 暂时的 , 暂时性11. contemptuous contemptible contemptuousadj.（常与 of 连用）表示轻视的；骄横的 a contemptuous lookcontemptibleadj.拙劣的It was contemptible of him to speak like that abouta respectable teacher!It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on anold friend!12 confer infer refer prefer defer confervt.授与 (称呼、学位等 )on, 赠与 , 把 ...赠与 , 协议v.磋商 , 互换建议 (on)The engineers and technicians are still conferring on the unexpected accident.infervt.推测；推知；推论to infer an unknown fact from a known factI infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet.refervt., vi. （常与 to 连用）波及；提到针对；相关The new law does not refer to farm land.提交；交托The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers. prefervt. （常与 to 连用）更喜爱；情愿to prefer coffee to tWhich of these two dresses do you prefer?defervt. 推延；缓期vt. （与 to 连用）听从；服从Do you always defer to your parents wishes?13. consequent subsequentconsequentadj.作为结果的subsequentadj.随后的，以后的；继起的14 conventional convenientconventionaladj.老例的 , 惯例的 , 风俗的 , 传统的convenientadj.便利的 , 方便的15.confidant confidante confident confidential confidantn.知音男友confidanten.知音的女友confidentadj.确信的；有信心的；自信的Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director.confidentialadj.机密的；奥密的a confidential order参加机密的；视为亲信的a confidential secretary16.convert divert invert revert reverse convertvt.（常与 into 连用）转变；变换 toconvert an old house into a new oThat building has been converted into a school.兑换I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.改变崇奉、党派或建议等She managed to convert him to her opinion.divertvt.转向；转移A ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields. Traffic was ordered to divert to another road becauseof the repair of the main road.The government is planning to divert the river to supply water to the town.A loud noise from the street diverted my attention. invertvt.置于相反地点；上下倒置The little boy caught the insect by inverting the cup over it.revertvi.（与 to 连用）恢还原状；答复；回到（本来话题）（财富等）归复，送还reversevt.倒退；倒转He reversed the car.翻转She reversed the paper.改变；使成相反的东西He reversed the judgment and set the prisoner free after all.17 counsel consul councilcounseln.议论 , 商讨 , 辩白律师vt.劝说 , 忠告consuln.领事counciln.政务会 , 理事会 , 委员会 , 参议会 , 议论会议 , 顾问班子 , 立法班子18conscious conscientiousconsciousadj.存心识的；神志清醒的He is hurt but still conscious.认识的；觉察的She was not conscious of his presence in the room. 故意的：成心设计或做的；故意的：a conscious insult; made a conscious effort to speak more clearly 。
考研英语高频词汇reward详解reward n./v.报酬，奖励[形近词] rewarding a.报答的，有益的；award n.奖品，授予[真题连线]Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. (2005-Text 1)拒绝一份较少的报酬可以完全将这些情绪十分明确地传达给组内其他成员。
rise n./v.上升，增加[词组] on the ~在增加；在上涨[真题连线]“With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,”Ericsson recalls. (2007-Text 1)埃里克森回忆说：“经过大约20小时的训练后，第一位实验对象所记住的数字从7个增至20个。
”risk v./n.冒险，危险，风险[词组] at the ~ of 冒着...危险[形近词] risky a.危险的，冒险的[真题连线]During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realities. (2007-Text 3)在上一代人中，美国中产阶级家庭原本依靠努力工作和公平竞争就能保持稳定的经济状况，如今因经济风险和新的现实状况而发生了变化。
rival n.竞争对手v.竞争a.竞争的[真题连线]Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. (2010-Text 2)后来越来越多老牌公司也竞相将此类专利归入自己的案卷中，哪怕仅仅作为防止竞争对手抢占先机的预防性措施。
Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beauty of the ditch dug a shallow groove ; Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep.-- Shakespeare考研近义词、形近词辨析宝典（共90组）abnormal, uncommonabnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。
His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。
uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。
Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。
That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great! 那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！abide, adhere, conform, complyabide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。
I will abide by the director' decision.我将遵从主任的决定。
adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。
(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持；粘附”也经常被考到。
)Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。
conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。
All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。
考研英语形近词考研英语形近词一只17年考研狗精心整理的形近词，高频实用，希望能帮到考研的兄弟姐妹们。
——@杀手_怪1.adapt，adept，adjust，adopt，abuseadapt vi.适应于，适应不同情况（或环境）(to)vt.改编，改写;改变…以适合(for)adept adj.精于…的，擅长于…的;巧妙的n.专家，能手adjust vt.&vi.（改变…以）适应，调整，校正;调准（望远镜等），对准，校正，校准（机械等）;核算（盈亏）;[保]评定（赔偿要求）adopt vt.收养;采用，采取，采纳;正式接受，接受;批准abuse n.滥用;恶习;侮辱;恶言vt.滥用;虐待;辱骂2.euthanasia,enthusiasticeuthanasia n.安乐死;安然去世，无苦痛的死亡enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的;热烈的;狂热的3.patent,parent,patient,patternpatent n.专利;专利权;专利品;专利证adj.专利的;显然，显露;明摆着的vt.获得…专利，给予…专利权;取得专利权parent n.父亲（或母亲）;先辈;根源，起源;保护者patient adj.有耐性的;能容忍的n.病人;患者;病号pattern n.模式;图案;花样，样品;榜样，典范vt.模仿;以图案装饰vi.形成图案4.applause,applaud,plausible,acclaimapplause n.掌声;喝彩;热烈鼓掌applaud vt.鼓掌欢迎，欢呼;称赞，赞许;赞成，同意vi.夸赞，鼓掌plausible adj.貌似真实的;貌似有理的;花言巧语的;有眉有眼acclaim v.称赞;赞扬;向…欢呼;向…喝彩n.公开赞扬;称誉5.nature,nurture,maturenature n.自然;天性;天理;类型nurture vt.培育;养育;滋养;培植n.教养，培育;营养物，食物;环境因素mature adj.（人、树木、鸟或动物）成熟的;仔细考虑过的;到期（应该支付）的;成年人的vi.成熟，长成;（票据等）到期vt.使…成熟;使…长成;慎重拟定（计划等）6.overlook,overrate,emphasize,highlightoverlook vt.远眺;忽视，忽略;瞭望;检查n.从高处眺望到的景色;忽视，忽略;可眺望四周的高地overrate vt.对（质量、能力等）估价过高emphasize vt.强调，着重;加强语气;使突出highlight n.（图画或照片的）强光部份;最重要的事情;最精彩的部分vt.强调，突出;把…照亮;标示记号;为…中最突出的事物7.dessert,desert,discard,disgustdessert n.甜点;餐后甜食desert n.沙漠;荒地;应得的赏罚;功劳，美德adj.沙漠的;荒芜的，不毛的;无人的v.丢开，抛弃;擅离职守;逃亡，逃走;开小差discard vt.丢弃，抛弃;解雇;出牌n.被抛弃的人[物];丢弃，抛弃;打出的牌;打出的牌vi.出无用的牌;垫牌disgust n.反感，厌恶，嫌恶vt.使反感，厌恶8.context,content,contented,catalogue,contest,test,detest,pr otest,protectcontext n.语境;上下文;背景;环境content n.内容;满足;（书等的）目录;容量adj.满足的，满意的;愿意的;心甘情愿的vt.使满足，使满意contented adj.满意的，满足的v.使满足(content的过去式和过去分词)catalogue n.目录，一览表;（美）大学情况便览;展览目录;产品样本vt.为…编目录;登记分类;记载，列入目录;登记（某人、某事的）详情contest vt.竞争，为…而奋争;辩驳vi.竞争;争夺;争斗n.比赛;竞赛;搏斗test n.试验;测验;考验;化验vt.测验;考验;考查;勘探vi.受试验;受测验;受考验;测得结果detest vt.憎恶，嫌恶，痛恨protest n.抗议;反对;申明vi.抗议;断言vt.抗议;声明反对;断言protect vt.保护，保卫;贸易保护;备款以支付9.testify,verify,verification,certify,certificatetestify vi.作证;证明;证实;声明vt.作证;证明，为…提供证明;公开宣称，宣布verify vt.核实;证明;判定verification n.核实;证明;证实;<哲>（指通过经验）证明（某命题正确）certify vt.（尤指书面）证明;发证书给…;证明（某人）患有精神病;颁发（或授予）专业合格证书certificate n.证明书;文凭，结业证书vt.发给证明书;用证书证明（或认可）10.stare,glance,glarestare vi.盯着看;显眼;倒立，直竖起vt.凝视;盯着他的眼睛n.凝视，瞪视glance vi.一瞥;闪微光;掠过，擦过;随便提到，简略地触及n.浏览;闪光;歪斜，一掠glare vt.&vi.怒目而视vi.发强光n.强光;怒视;瞪眼;炫耀11.accelerate,contract,distract,extract,abstract,tractoraccelerate vt.促进;（使）加快，（使）增速;加速，催促;速度增加vi.加快，加速contract n.合同;契约;协议v.签合同;缩小;感染distract vt.使分心;使混乱extract vt.提取;（费力地）拔出;选取;获得n.汁;摘录;提炼物;浓缩物abstract adj.抽象的，理论上的;难解的;抽象派的;茫然的n.摘要;抽象概念;抽象派艺术作品;[化]萃取物vt.提取，分离;转移（注意等）;概括，摘录;<婉辞>剽窃tractor n.拖拉机;牵引器12.sign,signal,sigh,signaturesign n.迹象;符号;手势;指示牌vt.&vi.签名;打手势signal n.信号，暗号;预兆，征象;动机;导火线vt.向…发信号;用动作（手势）示意;以信号告知vi.发信号adj.显著的，优越的;暗号的，作信号用的sigh vi.叹气;悲叹，悲鸣vt.叹气地说n.叹气，叹气声signature n.签名;署名;识别标志，鲜明特征;[医]药的用法说明13.fanatic,craze,crazy,fascination,fantastic,fantasy,financefanatic n.狂热者，入迷者adj.狂热入迷的craze n.短暂的时尚;（陶器的）裂纹vt.使精神错乱，使发狂;使出现裂纹vi.发狂;变得表面有裂缝crazy adj.疯狂的;不理智的;离奇的;生气的n.[俚语]疯子，怪人，政治狂人（尤指政治上持激进或极端主义态度、行为异常、不可思议的人）fascination n.魅力;迷恋(hold a fascination for...对...有吸引力) fantasy n.幻想;空想的产物;幻想作品;非正式的货币vt.&vi.幻想;想像;奏幻想曲finance n.金融;财政;资金;财源vt.为…供给资金，从事金融活动;赊货给…;掌握财政14.economic,economical,economist,economyeconomic adj.经济的;经济学的;合算的;有经济效益的economical adj.经济的;节约的;合算的economist n.经济学家，经济专家economy n.经济;节约;理财;秩序15.sustain，sustainable,maintainsustain vt.维持;供养;支撑，支持;遭受，忍受sustainable adj.可持续的;可以忍受的;可支撑的(sustainable development可持续发展)maintain vt.保持;保养;坚持;固执己见16.explicit,implicit,imply,implicationexplicit adj.明确的，清楚的;直言的;详述的;不隐瞒的implicit adj.不言明[含蓄]的;无疑问的，绝对的;成为一部份的;内含的imply vt.&vi.暗示;意味;隐含;说明，表明implication n.含义;含蓄，含意，言外之意;卷入，牵连，牵涉，纠缠;[逻辑学]蕴涵，蕴含17.inhabit,inhibit,forbid,prohibit,habitinhabit vt.居住;在…出现;填满vi.居住inhibit v.抑制;禁止forbid vt.禁止;阻止;阻碍;妨碍prohibit vt.禁止，阻止，防止;不准许habit n.习惯，习性;气质;宗教服装vt.给…穿衣服;打扮18.altitude,attitude,aptitude,attribute,gratitude,gratefulaltitude n.高度，海拔高度;高位，高等;[天]地平纬度;[数]顶垂线attitude n.态度;看法;姿势;个人风格aptitude n.倾向;（学习方面的）才能，资质，天资;适合性attribute vt.认为…是;把…归于;把…品质归于某人;认为某事[物]属于某人[物] n.属性;（人或物的）特征;价值;[语法学]定语gratitude n.谢意;感激，感谢;感激的样子;恩义grateful adj.感激的，感谢的;令人愉快的;宜人的19.abroad,aboard,board,broad,broaden,bride,broom,boardi ng,accommodationabroad adv.到国外，在海外;广为流传地adj.往国外的n.海外，异国aboard prep.上车;在（船、飞机、车）上，上（船、飞机、车）adv.在船（或飞机、车）上，上船（或飞机、车）;靠船边;在船上;在火车上board n.板;董事会;甲板;膳食vt.上（船、车或飞机）;收费供…膳宿;使搭伙，使寄宿;强行登（船）vi.（火车、轮船、飞机等）接受乘客;搭伙，寄宿broad adj.广泛的;宽阔的;概括的;明显的n.婆娘broaden vt.&vi.扩大;放宽;加宽;使。
变宽，扩展bride n.新娘，即将（或刚刚）结婚的女子;姑娘broom n.扫帚;金雀花;[无线]自动搜索干扰振荡器vt.扫除;用扫帚扫vi.桩顶开花或开裂groom/bridegroom n.新郎boarding n.木板（建造之物）;寄膳（宿）;用木板制成的物体;上船（或火车、飞机等）v.上（船、车或飞机）(board的现在分词);收费供…膳宿;强行登（船）;使搭伙accommodation n.住处;适应;和解;便利20.effect,affect,affective,affection,infect,inject,effective,effici ent,efficie ncyeffect n.效果;影响;印象;所有物vt.使发生;引起;产生（效果）affect vt.影响;假装;感动;（疾病）侵袭n.感情，情感，心情;[精神病学]（表露或觉察到的）情绪反应affective adj.情感的，表达感情的affection n.喜爱=love，慈爱;情感或感情;意向;疾病，病情infect vt.使受影响，感染;传染，散布病毒，侵染;（电脑病毒）使（电脑的）存储器[数据]受到感染inject vt.（给…）注射（药物等）;（给…）注射（液体）;（给…）添加;（给…）投入（资金）effective adj.有效的;起作用的;实际的，实在的;给人深刻印象n.[军]现役兵额，有生力量，精兵efficient adj.有效率的;（直接）生效的;能干的;（因省钱、省时或省力等而）收效大的efficiency n.功效;效率，效能;实力，能力;[物]性能21.appraise,evaluate,praise,appraisal,assetappraise vt.估价;估计;估量;评价，鉴定evaluate vt.评价;求…的值（或数）;对…评价;[数学、逻辑学]求…的数值vi.评价，估价praise n.赞扬，称赞;崇拜;赞词v.歌颂;赞扬，赞美;崇拜appraisal n.评价，估量;鉴定，估价（尤指估价财产，以便征税）asset n.资产，财产;有价值的人或物;有用的东西;优点22.appreciate,appreciativeappreciate vt.欣赏;感激;领会;鉴别vi.（使）增值，涨价appreciative adj.感激的;有欣赏力的;表示赞赏的23.gender,generation,generate,generous,generositygender n.性别;<语>性某些语言的（阳性、阴性和中性，不同的性有不同的词尾等）;某些语言的（名词、代词和形容词）性的区分generation n.产生;一代人;代（约30年），时代;生殖generate vt.形成，造成;产生物理反应;产生（后代）;引起generous adj.慷慨的，大方的;丰盛的;肥沃的;浓厚的generosity n.慷慨，大方;宽容或慷慨的行为;丰富24.popular,population,populous,popularity,densely-populatedpopular adj.流行的，大众化的;民众的，大众的，公众的;通俗的，普通的，平易的;〈美俚〉自以为了不得的，骄傲的population n.人口;全体居民;特定[生物]种群;[物]布居populous adj.人口稠密的;人口众多的popularity n.普及;流行;名气，名望，通俗性，大众性;人望densely-populated人口稠密的25.portrait,portrayportrait n.肖像portray v.描写，描述（画、人物、景象等）26.harbor,border,barberharbor n.海港，港口v.庇护,隐匿border n.界限，边境vt.加边，毗连vi.(+to)接近27.saturate,immersesaturate vt.使浸透，浸透，充满，饱和immerse vt.沉浸，使陷入28.response,respond,responsive,responsible,responsibilityresponse n.反应;回答，答复;[宗]回应经文，应唱圣歌respond vt.&vi.回答，响应vi.作出反应，响应;回报或回复n.[建]（柱，拱基等的）对称，壁联responsive adj.应答的，响应的;反应灵敏的;共鸣的;易反应的responsible adj.负有责任的;尽责的;承担责任;懂道理的as responsible for/account for导致responsibility n.责任;职责;负责任;责任感，责任心29.obligation,be obliged toobligation义务be obliged to感恩，感激30.require,request,inquire,inquiry,acquire,acquisitive,merge, greedyrequire vt.需要;要求;想要;命令vi.要求，规定request n.要求;需要;所请求的事物;申请书vt.（下级对上级的）请求;请求得到;索取;邀请[常接不定式或从句] inquire vt.&vi.打听，询问;查究inquiry n.探究;调查，审查;询问，质问，质询，追究;打听acquire vt.学到;获得，取得acquisitive adj.（对钱财等）渴望得到的，贪得无厌的;能够获得并保存的merge vt.&vi.融入;（使）混合;相融;渐渐消失在某物中greedy adj.贪婪的;贪心的;贪吃的;渴望的31.preserve,reserve,versatile,various,conserve,converse,reve rse,universal,univ ersepreserve vt.保护;保持，保存;腌制食物;防腐处理vi.保鲜;保持原状;做蜜饯;禁猎n.蜜饯;防护用品;禁猎地;独占的事物（或范围）reserve n.储备;保留;保护区;替补队员vt.储备;保留;预约vi.预订adj.保留的;预备的versatile adj.多才多艺的;多功能的;（指工具、机器等）多用途的;有多种学问、技能或职业的various adj.各种各样的;多方面的;许多的;各个的，个别的conserve vt.保护，保藏，保存;[化，物]使守恒;将…做成蜜饯n.果酱，蜜饯converse vi.交谈，谈话;[计]对话，会话adj.相反的，逆的，颠倒的n.逆向;谈话，会谈;相反的事物;[逻辑]逆命题reverse vt.&vi.（使）反转;（使）颠倒;掉换，交换;[法]撤消，推翻vi.倒退;[桥牌]逆叫adj.反面的;颠倒的;倒开的;[生]倒卷的n.倒转，反向;[机]回动;倒退;失败universal adj.普遍的，一般的;通用的，万能的;全世界的;宇宙的n.[逻辑学]全称命题;[哲学]一般概念;一般性universe n.宇宙;天地万物;经验领域32.recreate,recreation,entertainment,amusementrecreate v.重现;重建;再创造recreation n.消遣（方式）;娱乐（方式）;重建，重现entertainment n.娱乐节目;娱乐，消遣;招待，款待amusement n.娱乐;游戏;文娱活动33.create,creative,creation,creature,creativitycreate vt.产生;创造，创作;封爵，把…封为（贵族）vi.[英][俚]大发脾气，大发牢骚creative adj.创造性的，有创造力的;有创意的，创新的，创造的n.（非正式）创意人士creation n.制造，创造;创造物，产物;（尤指<圣经>所述由上帝）创造天地，宇宙;（爵位等的）封授creature n.人;生物，动物;创造物;（他人的）工具creativity n.创造性，创造力，创作能力34.define,refine,confine,definite,definitiondefine vt.规定;使明确;精确地解释;画出…的线条vi.（给词、短语等）下定义，构成释义(sth.define sb.sth.对sb.非常合适)refine vt.提炼;改善;使高雅confine vt.限制;局限于;禁闭;管制n.界限，范围;国界definite adj.明确的;一定的;肯定;有把握definition n.定义;规定，明确;[物]清晰度;解释35.consider,considerate,considerableconsider vt.&vi.考虑;把（某人，某事）看作…，认为（某人，某事）如何;考虑，细想vt.考虑;认为;以为;看重vi.仔细考虑;深思considerate adj.体贴的，体谅的;深思熟虑;到;慎重considerable adj.相当大（或多）的;该注意的，应考虑的36.elaborate,decorate,delicate,indicateelaborate vi.详尽说明;变得复杂vt.详细制定;详尽阐述;[生理学]加工;尽心竭力地做adj.精心制作的;精巧的;复杂的;（结构）复杂的decorate vt.装饰;点缀;粉刷;授予（某人）勋章vi.装饰;布置delicate adj.微妙的;熟练的;纤弱的;易损的indicate vt.表明，标示，指示;象征，暗示，预示;[医]显示需要做…的治疗37.simulate,stimulatesimulate vt.模拟;模仿;假装，冒充;[生]拟态adj.模仿的;假装的stimulate vt.刺激;激励，鼓舞;使兴奋vi.起兴奋作用;起促进作用;起刺激作用38.thrive,thriftthrive vi.茁壮成长;兴盛，兴隆;长得健壮thrift n.节俭，节约;茁壮成长;〈英〉繁荣的手段，工作，劳动;[植]海石竹39.fragment,fragrant,fragile,fraction,fracturefragment n.碎片;片段，未完成的部分;（将文件内容）分段vt.（使）碎裂，破裂，分裂vi.破碎，碎裂fragrant adj.芳香的，香的;愉快的;喷香;芳菲fragile adj.易碎的，脆的;虚弱的fraction n.[数]分数;一小部分，些微;不相连的一块，片段;[化]分馏fracture vt.&vi.（使）折断，破碎n.骨折;破裂，断裂40.cover,recover,revival,coverage,carriage,encourage,discour agecover v.遮盖;掩蔽;涉及;洒上n.封面;掩护;覆盖物;避难所recover vt.恢复;找回;重新获得;<正>恢复（适当的状态或位置）vi.恢复健康（体力、能力等）n.恢复开始时姿势revival n.复兴;复活;再生，再流行，再生效;（老戏多年后）重新上演coverage n.范围，规模;保险项目;（新闻）报导;[植]优势度carriage n.运费;运输，输送;（旧时载客的）四轮马车;〈英〉火车客车车厢encourage vt.促进;支持;鼓励，鼓舞;鼓动discourage vt.劝阻;阻碍;使气馁;使沮丧41.ride a bus,ticket for standing room,pick upride a bus乘车;乘公共汽车ticket for standing room站票pick up v.捡起;接载;学会;逮捕42.peer,rear,peep,beeppeer vi.凝视;盯着看;隐退，若隐若现;同等，比得上n.贵族;同辈，同等的人;同伴，伙伴adj.贵族的;（年龄、地位等）同等的;相匹敌的rear vt.饲养;养育;抚养;养育vt.&vi.抬起n.后部，背面，背后;臀部;（舰队或军队的）后方，后尾，殿后部队;vi.直立;高耸adj.后面的，后部的peep v.窥视，偷看;（小鸟等）唧唧地叫;（从隐蔽处）出现n.窥视;唧唧声;隐现;慢慢露出beep n.哔哔声v.嘟嘟响43.extinct,extinguish,distinct,distinguish,eliminateextinct adj.灭绝的;绝种的;消逝的;破灭的extinguish vt.熄灭（火）;使（希望、爱情等）不复存在;偿清distinct adj.明显的，清楚的;卓越的，不寻常的;有区别的;确切的distinguish vi.区分，辨别，分清;辨别是非vt.区分，辨别，分清;辨别出，识别;引人注目，有别于;使杰出，使著名eliminate vt.淘汰;排除，消除;除掉;<口>干掉44.constituent,constitute,constitution,institution,institute,tui tion,substitut e,superstitionconstituent n.选民；成分，组分a.组成的，构成的constitute vt.组成，构成，形成；设立，建立，任命constitution n.宪法，章程；体质，素质；组成，设立institution n.（大学、银行等规模大的）机构;惯例，制度，规定，建立;社会事业机构;<口>名人，名物institute vt.建立;制定;开始;着手n.学院;协会;学会;（教育、专业等）机构tuition n.学费;教学，讲授substitute n.代用品，代替者v.代替；（for）代替superstition n.迷信，迷信的观念习俗45.tutor,turtletutor n.导师;家庭教师;（大专院校的）助教;课本vt.&vi.当家庭教师;任大学导师;任课turtle n.[动]龟;[动]海龟vi.捕海龟，捕鳖;（船等）翻没，倾覆46.correspond,correspondent,correspondingcorrespond vi.相应;通信;符合，一致correspondent n.通讯员，记者;通信者corresponding adj.相当的，对应的;通信的;符合的，符合。
