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专题十动词的时态重难点分析高考中通常把时态和语境结合起来考查（常在语法填空和短文改错两个题型中考查）。
题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。
英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种（也是本专题需要讲解的10种）。
一、动词的基本形式一览表形式变化规则构成方法例词原形see, finish, teach, touch现在时第三人称单数形式一般情况加-s look—looks, write—writes以ch, sh, s, x结尾加-es teach—teaches, finish—finishes, guess—guesses,mix—mixes以o结尾加-es do—does, go—goes以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，加-es try—tries, cry—cries过去式、过去分词规则变化一般情况加-ed stay—stayed, look—looked以不发音e结尾直接加-d decide—decided, hope—hoped 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这个辅音字母再加-edstop—stopped, admit—admitted 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i，加-ed carry—carried, try—tried现在分词一般情况加-ing go—going, read—reading以不发音e结尾去e，再加-ing have—having, write—writing 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这个辅音字母再加-ingcut—cutting, run—running二、常用的10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表时态构成常用时间状语一般现在时动词原形(第三人称单数) always, usually, often, sometimes, every等一般过去时动词过去式yesterday, the day before yesterday, the other day,last…, …ago等will(shall)+动词原形等一般将来时be going to+动词原形tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next…, in…day be about to+动词原形过去将来时would+动词原形多用于间接引语的宾语从句中现在进行时am(is, are)+现在分词now, during these days等过去进行时was(were)+现在分词at eight yesterday, at this time yesterday等将来进行时will(shall)+be+现在分词at eight tomorrow, at this time tomorrow等现在完成时have(has)+过去分词already, just, yet, since, for等过去完成时had+过去分词by…, before等等现在完成进行时have(has)+been+现在分词for…, since…三、注意以下几种时态的区别1. 一般过去时和现在完成时(1) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不谈现在。
2023年高考英语考前必练谓语动词的时态语态（含近三年真题及解析）一、动词的时态特殊用法1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
如：We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。
I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。
2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。
这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。
如：The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。
The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。
3.现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。
如：The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。
4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for, since等引导的时间状语连用。
如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。
常见的变化有：特殊用法1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。
如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
动词的时态与语态动词的分类：实义动词（及物动词、不及物动词）、连系动词、情态动词、助动词。
动词的时态、语态的重难点及高考考点：有八种时态在高考中经常考到1、一般现在时；2、一般过去时；3、一般将来时；4、现在进行时；5、过去进行时；6、现在完成时；7、过去完成时；8、过去将来时。
而其中最易混淆的三组时态是1、一般过去时和现在完成时；2、一般过去时和过去完成时；3、现在完成时和过去完成时动词语态：动词语态包括主动语态和被动语态，而被动语态是学习和备考的难点。
动词的时态：英语中的谓语动词要根据使用的时间不同而发生变化。
一般一个动词具有四种变化形式：一般现在时的单数三人称形式（用于一般现在时且主语是单数三人称时），动词的过去式（用于一般过去时），动词的现在分词（用于进行时），动词的过去分词（用于完成式和被动语态），各种词形变化都有相应规则，需熟记。
一般现在时：一、概念：经常发生的动作或习惯性的行为。
二、常连用的时间副词：always,every time, now and then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes, usually, frequently, once in a while.三、句型结构：（以动词work为例）主动结构：S+work/works+O; S+can/must+work+O; S+am/is/are+P.被动结构：S+am/is/are+worked(+by+O).四、常考的考点：(一)、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替将来时态。
Eg:1.The water (pollute )unless some measures (take).2.Even if she (not come )this weekend, I (go) fishing by myself.3.He (visit) his aunt the day he (come) to Beijing.（二）、表示现在时刻存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
(考前冲刺10)高考英语-动词时态专项练习一+语法填空专项练习课本重点句型+单词+短语-复习巩固语法填空-动词时态(walk )through 34countries in six continents .2.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas thatunprotected .3....The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Societyceremony .4.In the last five years ,Caohe reached the top of Kilimanjaro ,Africa ’s highest mountain .5.Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic ,I ’d send an email .One of the biggest companies(be )Alaska Airlines Paris .6.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci ,for example ,roughly 200academics —many of the(promise )to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years1.In the last five years ,Cao(be )previously.(address )the opening(walk )through 34countries in six continents ,and in 2016,I wrote to climate scientistsago .7•But Cobb and others(be )now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide(change )their personal behavior to do theirmore chances to participate remotely ,andpart in dealing with the climate change crisis .8.Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food .He says food(play )a big role in hislife .(live )alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of9.The Neanderthals .years ,before dying out about 40,000years ago .10.Does the name of the college you attend really matter ?Research on the question(suggest )that ,for most students ,it doesn ’t .11.On the first day of my first grade ,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach .I(voice )my biggest concern to my mother .12.Since 2011,the country 13.They read this letter to him on the air :“Hello ,my name is Brenda Schmitz ,when you receive(lose )my battle to cancer .’，..(grow )more com than rice .this letter ,I14.This is the first time that China .(host )the Winter Olympic Games .(be )all round you andnone of the cars are moving .—(win )the championship .15.Oh ,no !Cars in every direction 16.It was the ninth time that the team .(shift )their attention from popculture imported from Japan ,Korea and the West and started to develop interest in traditionalChinese art and literature ,practicing Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument ,such asGuzheng .17.Under such influence ,young people gradually18.61percent of the population of this city 19.In 2017,Hassan met a Hangzhou native ,whom he20.Dramatic changes21.Early to bed and early to rise22.Listening to loud music at rock concerts 23.Between the two rows of trees (be )from ethnic minority groups .(marry )two years later ,(take )place during the past few years in China .(make )a man healthy ,happy and wise .(cause )hearing loss in some teenagers .(stand )the newly built teaching building .24.Not only I but also David and Iris (be )fond of playing basketball .25.The following26.What we used to think (be )some other examples for you to refer to .(be )impossible now does seem possible ._(be )your teacher ,will try my best to help you out .(taste )nice .27.It is I ,who28.The fish29.If it were not for the fact that you30.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform ,nobodyfashion .31.Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil and(choose )to manage a team in Sweden .32.Happiness does not appear to be associated with age ,gender ,race ,or geographical location ,(relate )to the feeling you have when you are self -satisfied .33.The first time people used artificial snow to host a competition 34.The China -Laos Railway ,a landmark project connecting Kunming in southwest China ’s(start )operation on Dec 3.2021.(be )Alaska Airlines Paris .(be )ill ,I would ask you to do this right now .(have )to worry aboutInstead ,it(be )back in 1980.Yunnan Province with the Laotian capital ,Vientiane ,35.One of the biggest companies I wrote to36.For example ,roughly 200academics —many of them climate scientistsfly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago .37.But I ’ve come to think that whether you buy something new or used _you commit to keeping clothes in use for decades .38.My friend Tony ,who .suggested that I visit an acupuncturist .39.The popularity of plastic ,which_control —18.2trillion pounds of plastic has been produced .And there is no sign of slowing down .(be )the society on making people ’s life more convenient in the shortterm ,but in the long run ,those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health .(promise )to(matter )less if(study )acupuncture at a college near London at the time ,(begin )rising in the 1950s ,is growing out of40.So focused参考答案:1•has walked【解析】考査动词时态。
（一）动词的时态时态动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
下面分别介绍。
1、一般现在时的用法（do/does）1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。
句中常用often, usually, every day, sometimes, every week/year, twice aweek 等时间状语。
例如：a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy.c.The earth moves around the sun.2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
例如：a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定, 按时间表要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。
例如：a.the meeting begins at seven.b.the rain starts at nine in the morning.4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。
a.i like english very much.b.the story sound very interesting.5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。
2.一般过去时的用法(did)1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。
语法系列复习专题七动词时态，被动语态一、一般现在时1 . 一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等。
2. 主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
如：I ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won t go there.3. 在以here,there 开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。
例如：There goes the bell. 铃响了。
There comes the bus. 汽车来了。
Here she comes. 她来了。
二、现在进行时1. 表示正在进行的动作。
2. 表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
例如：She is leaving for Beijing. 她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow. 从明天起他要做老师。
My father is coming to see me this Saturday. 这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
3. 代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。
例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east. 江水滚滚向东流。
The sun is rising in the east. 太阳从东方冉冉升起。
4. 大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。
常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope 等。
三、现在完成时1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作。
第五节动词的时态和语态考点一时态1．一般现在时(1)表示现在的状态以及经常性或习惯性的动作。
He often gets up at six in the morning.他经常早上6点起床。
(2)表示不受时间限制的客观事实或普遍真理。
As we know，light travels faster than sound.众所周知，光比声音传播得快。
(3)在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。
As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow，we'll have a trip on schedule.只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。
[名师点津]常用来表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，只限于表示起止的动词如go，come，arrive，leave，start，fly，return等。
The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.足球实况转播今晚9点钟开始。
2．一般过去时(1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
Long long ago，there was a war between birds and beasts.很久很久以前，鸟类和兽类发生过一场战争。
(2)表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。
I didn't know you were here.How long have you been here？我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？3．一般将来时(1)表示将来的动作或状态常用will/shall＋动词原形；表示临时做出的决定用will＋动词原形。
—The light is still on.——灯还亮着。
—Sorry，I'll go and turn it off.——很抱歉，我这就去关掉。
(2)be going to表示按计划、打算要做某事，此外，还可以表示根据现在的迹象对未来做出判断。
高考英语动词的时态和语态专题练习高考英语动词的时态介词和语态专题练习高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
英语动词有16种时态，但是引人注目的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
(一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是共同进步互相关心互相帮助。
He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。
Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。
* 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, onSundays/weekends等等。
I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。
He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。
（二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去路程某一特定时间所频发的、可完成的动作或状态，也常与表示确切过去时间延迟时间的词、短语或从句连用。
例如：We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。
例如：He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待的动作或状态。
高考英语《动词时态》专项练习（含答案）一、一般现在时基本用法：1．表示包括现在时刻在内整个阶段经常性和习惯性动作The bank opens at 8:00 a.m. on weekdays.However busy I am, I write to my mother regularly.2．表示人或物基本特征，特性及目前的状态Now I am busy; I can’t spare time for a holiday.That street is in bad condition, and smells terrible.3．表示客观真理，科学事实，格言及没有时限的客观存在Knowledge is strength.Light travels faster than sound.Japan lies to the east of China.选择：1．I ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A．will play B．have played C．played D．play2．—— Can I help you, sir ?—— Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it .A．didn’t work B．won’t work C．can’t work D．doesn’t work1. 答案为D。
乒乓球打得出色是一个的基本能力和特征，因此要用一般现在时。
2. 答案为D。
收音机不响，反应的是收音机目前的工作状况，故用一般现在时。
改错： 1．Make sure that you will pick me up after work.2．I’ll see to it that I will return the reference book on time.答案：1）will pick → pick 2）will return → return在see to it that…和make sure that…句型中，从句动词用一般时，表示将来时。
高考英语专题训练：动词时态与语态1、The twins,Who their homework,were allowed to play b ad mi n t on on the playground.A.will finishB.finishC.have finishedD.had finished【考点】考察时态【答案】D【解析】句义：已经完成了他们的家庭作业，这对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。
根据句义可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。
而他们被允许打羽毛球已经使用了一般过去时，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。
故D正确。
【举一反三】---Peter,do you know who____my dictionary?---Sorry,I don’t know.I didn’t do it.A.has tak en awayB.was taking awayC.had tak en awayD.is taking away【答案】A试题分析：句意：--皮特，你知道谁把我的字典拿走了吗？--对不起，我不知道，我没有拿。
这里拿走发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，不知在什么地方，故用现在完成时。
2、---Hi,let’s go skating.---Sorry,I’m busy right now.I_______in an application form for a new job.A.fillB.have filledC.am fillingD.will fill【考点】考察时态【答案】C【解析】句意：—喂，我们五滑冰吧！—对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。
根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所以使用现在进行时。
故C正确。
【试题延伸】时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。
要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态，在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。
专题十动词的时态重难点分析高考中通常把时态和语境结合起来考查（常在语法填空和短文改错两个题型中考查）。
题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。
英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种（也是本专题需要讲解的10种）。
一、动词的基本形式一览表二、常用的10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表三、注意以下几种时态的区别1. 一般过去时和现在完成时(1) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不谈现在。
如：I wrote a letter this morning. 今天早上我写了一封信。
(只说明写过一封信的事实，现在不是早上了)(2) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态，但和现在有联系，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。
不能和表过去的时间状语连用，译成汉语时可加“已经”。
如：I have written a letter this morning. 今天早上我已经写了一封信。
(已经写了一封信，有继续写第二封的可能，现在还是早上)2. 一般过去时和过去进行时(1) 一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。
如：It rained heavily last night. 昨晚下的雨很大。
(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)(2) 过去进行时侧重于强调在过去某个特定时间某动作的持续过程或表示动作正在进行。
如：It was raining cats and dogs last night. 昨晚一直在下倾盆大雨。
(强调没停，一直持续)3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时(1) 现在完成时在含义上着重表示动作的结果。
如：I have read the book. 我已经读了那本书。
(已读完)(2) 现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。
如：I have been reading that book all the morning. 今天早上我一直在读那本书。
(还没读完)考点练透一、单句填空用所给动词或根据汉语提示填入动词的正确形式。
1. (1) — Remember the first time we __________ (meet)?— Of course. You __________ (study) in Beijing University then.(2) Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she __________ (study) English for a year.2. (1) The government __________ two factories in this region since the end of last year.(2) The government __________ two factories in this region by the end of this year. (build)3. (1) It __________ ten years since we left school.(2) It __________ two years before we leave school. (be)4. They __________ (work) on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we __________ (still work) on it as no good results have come out so far.5. The pen I __________ (think) I __________ (lose) is on my desk, right under my nose.6. If their marketing plans succeed, they __________ (increase) their sales by 20 percent.7. She said that it __________ (be) the second time she __________ (see) the film.8. I don’t really work here. I __________ (just help) out until the new secretary arrives.9. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 2039 __________ (take) off at 18:40.10. — How are you today?— Oh, I __________ (not feel) as ill as I do now for a very long time.11. (1) My good friend __________ from Guangdong.(2) My good friend __________ from Guangdong last week. (come)12. (1) Where __________ (be) you? (你在哪儿？)(2) Where __________ you __________? (be) (你去了哪？)(3) Where __________ he __________? (go) (他去哪了？)13. (1) Mr. John __________ (teach) English in China for two years. (不在中国了)(2) Mr. John __________ (teach) English in China for two years. (也许仍在中国)14. (1) I __________ (read) that novel. (读过那本小说了)(2) I __________ (read) that novel all the morning. (一直在读那本小说)15. (1) When I got there, he __________ the work. (做完那工作了)(2) When I got there, he __________ the work carefully. (正在认真地做工作)(3) When I got there, he __________ the work. (刚要做工作)二、语篇填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once watched his mother turning the wheel of her sewing machine with her hand.“Wouldn’t it work quickly if a machine 1 (turn) the wheel for you?” he asked.“I suppose I would,” said his mother, without paying any attention to him.Christopher 2 (know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted to help. In his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father 3 (buy) him as a gift. “I 4 (make) better use of it,”little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother 5 (not use) her sewing machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. When the job 6 (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother 7 (like) it.“Very clever,” his mother said, when she saw it. Then she sad down and went on turning the wheel by hand. “I8 (work) like this for too many years,” she explained.This taught Christopher the lesson that anyone who 9 (try) to improve anything 10 (have) to learn: Many people don’t like new ideas.三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every student will be faced with the same question when he passes the College Entrance Examination: should he choose a good major 1 a good university? Different people will come up 2 different answers.Some students 3 (choose) a good major. What they really care is what they like most. To their mind, 4 or not the university is famous doesn’t matter — as long as he works hard, he can learn well in any university, and 5 bright future is awaiting him.Other students pay more attention to the fame and quality of the universities. They pay great attention to the university 6 a good university is a symbol of good job prospects. How can you have a broad horizon if you receive your 7 (high) education at a small college or in a little town?In my personal opinion, the best 8 (choose) is a good major at a good university. 9 is known to all, only if we try our best to study can we get the chance. If we cannot obtain 10 , I think the first thing to consider is a good major itself.助读词汇await vt.等待fame n. 名声obtain vt. 获得to one’s mind 依某人来看pay more attention to 更加注意job prospect 工作前景broad horizon 广阔的视野College Entrance Examination 高考参考答案考点练透一、单句填空1. met, were studying; has been studying2. has built; will have built3. has been; will be4. had been working; are still working5. thought; had lost6. will increase7. was; had seen8. am just helping9. takes 10. haven’t felt 11. comes; came 12. are; have, been; has, gone 13. taught; has taught 14. have read; have been reading 15. had done; was doing; was about to do二、语篇填空1. turned2. knew3. had bought4. will/shall make5. was not using6. was finished7. would like8. have been working 9. tries 10. has三、语法填空高考后所有学生都面临一个问题——到底是选专业还是选学校？对此，不同的人有不同的看法。
