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初中英语知识点归纳句子的祈使句和感叹句的用法一、祈使句的用法祈使句是用来表达请求、命令、劝告等意思的句子。
在英语中，祈使句的主语一般省略，而动词单独使用原形。
1. 表示请求- Please pass me the book.（请把书递给我。
）- Can you help me with my homework?（你能帮我做作业吗？）- Would you mind closing the window?（你介意关窗户吗？）2. 表示命令- Sit down, please.（请坐。
）- Clear your desk.（把桌子上的东西整理一下）3. 表示劝告- Keep the room clean.（保持房间干净。
）- Don't be late for class.（上课不要迟到。
）4. 表示警告- Don't touch the hot stove.（不要触摸热炉子。
）- Be careful when you cross the road.（过马路时要小心。
）二、感叹句的用法感叹句是用来表达惊喜、兴奋、疑问等强烈感情的句子。
在英语中，感叹句通常以"What"或"How"引导。
1. 表示惊奇或兴奋- What a beautiful flower!（多美的花啊！）- How amazing the fireworks are!（多么壮观的烟花啊！）2. 表示疑问- What time is it now?（现在几点了？）- How did you solve the math problem?（你是怎么解决这个数学题的？）3. 表示赞美- What a talented singer she is!（她真是个有才华的歌手！）- How wonderful the performance was!（演出太棒了！）4. 表示遗憾或抱怨- What a shame! I forgot to bring my wallet.（真糟糕！我忘记带钱包了。
1. 人各有所好。
Every man has his taste.2.物极必反。
Extremes meet.3.活到老学到老。
Live and learn.4. 事出必有因。
Nothing comes of nothing.5.隔墙有耳。
Walls have ears.6. 失败是成功之母。
Failure is the mother of success.7.江山易改，本性难移。
A leopard can not change his spots.8.好心有好报。
Good mind,good find.9. 得饶人处且饶人。
Forgive others whenever you can.10.爱乌及乌。
Love me ,love my dog.11.活到老，学到老. Never too old to learn.12.礼尚往来.Give and take.13.知足者常乐.Content is happiness.14.言出必行So said ,so done.15.光阴似箭.Time flies.16. 少说少错.Least said soonest mended.17.少壮不努力，老大图伤悲.The young idler, an old beggar.18.积少成多.Many a little makes a mickle.19.时间就是生命。
Time is life.20.个人力量，微不足道。
One man, no man.感叹句结构感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。
what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种: 掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序What +名词+ 陈述语序What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序What+形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序What+形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序How clever a boy he is!How lovely the baby is!What noise they are making!What a clever boy he is!What wonderful ideas (we have)!What cold weather it is!感叹句的省略形式为：What a clever boy (he is)!典型例题1)food you've cooked!A. How a niceB. What a niceC. How niceD. What nice答案D.由于How修饰形容词，副词;what修饰名词。
2021年中考英语语法---祈使句与感叹句知识点总结与整理祈使句祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等。
祈使句中通常不用主语，谓语动词一律用原形，句末用感叹号或者句号，用降调。
1.肯定的祈使句Be careful!（小心！）Let’s say goodbye here.（我们在此道别吧。
）句型：动词原形+……（省略主语）Stand up.（起立。
）Be quiet,please.（请安静。
）比较：陈述句和祈使句的比较You sit down.（你坐下来。
）（祈使句）Sit down.（坐下。
）（祈使句省略主语You）A.为了加强语气，有时可以在动词之前加do。
Do study hard.（一定要努力学习。
）Do sit down.（务必请坐。
）B.为了使语气显得客气，可以在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please。
please 在句尾时，之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。
Please come here.（请到这儿来。
）Go this way,please.（请这边走。
）C.祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开，放在句首或句尾。
Justin,come here.（贾斯廷，过来。
）Here you are,Robert.（给你，罗伯特。
）句型：Let+第一人称代词（me/us）+动词原形+……Let+第三人称代词（him/her/it/them）或名词+动词原形+……Let’s go to Maldives at once.（咱们马上动身去马尔代夫吧。
）Let me try again.（让我再试试。
）Let her tell everyone.（让她去告诉大家。
）Let Tom go there himself.（让汤姆自己去那儿。
）2.否定的祈使句Don’t make such a noise.（不要这么吵。
）Don’t let him do that again.（别让他再那么做了。
）句型：Don’t+动词原形+……Don’t swim in the river.（别在河里游泳。
初中英语知识点：感叹句和祈使句知识点总结一、感叹句感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的一种句式。
尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样,但主要的表现形式只有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。
what修饰名词,how修饰形容词、副词或动词。
1、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。
what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：1)What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语! 如：What a fine day it is!2) What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 如：What kind women they are! What nice music it is!2、由How引导的感叹句。
how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。
其结构是：How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语! 例如：How hard the workers are working!How clever the girl is!注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
How fast the runner runs!3、what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。
(具体见下)如：What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is!what a beautiful building it is!==How beautiful the building is!在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。
如：What a nice present!(省略it is) How disappointed!(省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)二、祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形，句尾用感叹号或句号。
1、肯定结构:1)动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分。
祈使句、感叹句、倒装句难点精讲1.感叹句（1）句型1：How+形容词+副词+主语+谓语How lovely the weather is!How hard they are working!（2）句型2：What+（a）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语What a clever boy he is!What hardworking students they are!What inspiring news it is!（3）句型3：How+形容词What+（a）+名词How wonderful (it is)!What an idea (it is)!What fine weather (it is)!2.祈使句肯定祈使句：（谓语）动词原形+其他成分否定祈使句：Don’t+动词原形+其他成分3.倒装句（1）“so+be（助动词）+主语”，表示前面的情况适用于另一人（物）。
Tom likes playing football, so do I．（2）“So+主语+be（助动词）”则表示赞同别人的看法，意为“确实如此”。
---It’s so hot today.---So it is.一讲一练1.“Tom, _____ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy.” said Mum.A not beB not to beC be notD don’t be2._____ film it is!A.How movingB.What movingC.How a movingD.What a moving3.A: Look! Here is coming the train.( )B: Look! The train is coming.(√)C: Look! Here comes the train.(√)4.Not only _____ know English, but also French.A heB does heC he doesD they5.Let’s go to school, _____ ?B will youC won’t youD do youA组：选择1.“ _____ fine weather!” she said.A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a2.Go and _____ the TV quickly. The volleyball match will begin right away.A turn offB turn downC turn upD turn on3.Mother said to him, “Don’t _____ on football.”A spend too much timeB to spend too much timeC spend too many timeD to spend too many time4.My sister doesn’t like skating, _____ .A so do IB so I don’tC neither I don’tD neither do I5.A: I want to do some shopping this afternoon.B: _____ .A.So I doB.I do soC.I don’t soD.So do I6._____ to meet me at the station. I’ll be waiting there.A.Not to forgetB.Not forgetC.Forget notD.Don’t forget7._____ a lovely day!A.WhatB.HowC.WhichD.When8._____ interesting!A.WhatB.HowD.When9.“ _____ late for class again,” said the teacher.A.Not to beB.Not beC.Don’t beD.Won’t be10._____ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.A.How aB.HowC.What aD.What。
初中祈使句,感叹句初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。
其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。
（2）Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心/ 当心！（3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。
2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。
Don't be careless. 别粗心。
Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。
例如：Do shut up! 快住口！4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。
在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1) 形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致) 2) 意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。
初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。
其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。
（2）Be + n./adj.Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心/ 当心！（3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。
2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形Don't stand up. 别站起来。
Don't be careless. 别粗心。
Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。
（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。
例如：Do shut up! 快住口！4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。
在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1) 形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致) 2) 意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。
在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。
如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。
外面雨下得很大。
---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。
5. 祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。
Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。
Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。
Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？<特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.2. ________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.3. ________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.5. _______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. ________________ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. ________________ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.10. Let’s _______________ (not, say) anything about it.二、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please________.A. turn it downB. to turn it downC. turn down itD. to turn down it2. _______ late again, Bill!A. Don't to beB. Don't beC. Not beD. Be not3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.A. NotB. Won'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't4. Please help me carry it, ______?A. will IB. will youC. shall ID. shall we5. Don't make so much noise, ______?A. will youB. won't youC. shall weD. do you6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?A. standB. to standC. standingD. stood7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.A. bringB. bringsC. to bringD. bringing8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.A. TellingB. To tellC. ToldD. Tell10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health?A. swimB. swimmingC. swamD. swims11 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard”A StopB Don’tC Can’tD No12. Sindy, ________ to be here at 8 o’clockA is sureB is sure thatC will be sureD be sure13.________ when you cross the road.A Do careB CareC Do be carefulD To be careful14. ________him the secret, will you?A Don’t tellB Not to tellC Not tellingD No telling15. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.A Not to readB Don’t readC Don’t to readD Not read16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him.A Not to worry aboutB Don’t worry aboutC Not worry forD Don’t worry with17.They are very tired. Why ________ have a rest?A not theyB do not theyC don’t theyD not to18 --You look rather tired. ________ stopping to have a rest? -- All right.A Why notB How aboutC Why not toD why don’t19 ______ tell a lie.A HardlyB NotC NoD Never20.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard.A notB don’tC aren’tD can’t三、句型转换1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）_______ ________ again more slowly, please.2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句）________ ________me, or I’ll go.3. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）Let's watch the sports games, _______ _____?4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_______ _______careless, please.5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_______ _______ next to Nancy.6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don't forget to turn off the lights, _______ _______?7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）_______ ______, or you'll die.8. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _______ _______?四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。
