必修1课文背诵便携版

人教版语文必修1《记念刘和珍君》课文解读推荐文章高一语文必修一必背课文集锦热度：高一语文必修一第三单元检测试题及答案热度：苏教版高一语文教参记念刘和珍君赏析热度：高一语文《记念刘和珍君》问题探究热度：人教版高中语文《我有一个梦想》课文解读热度：《记念刘和珍君》是鲁迅作品《华盖集续编》中的一片文章，是鲁迅先生在参加了刘和珍的追悼会之后写作，追忆这位始终微笑的和蔼的学生。

下面是店铺给大家带来的人教版语文必修1《记念刘和珍君》课文解读，希望对你有帮助。

《记念刘和珍君》课文解读一中华民国十五年①三月二十五日，就是国立北京女子师范大学为十八日在段祺瑞执政府②前遇害的刘和珍杨德群③两君开追悼会的那一天，我独在礼堂外徘徊，遇见程君④，前来问我道，“先生可曾为刘和珍写了一点什么没有?”我说“没有”。

她就正告我，“先生还是写一点罢;刘和珍生前就很爱看先生的文章。

”(①中华民国十五年：公元1926年。

②段琪瑞执政府：1924年第二次“直奉战争”，直系军阀失败，奉系军阀推段祺瑞为北洋政府“临时执政”。

段祺瑞，生于1864年，死于1936年，北洋军阀皖系首领，曾经几度把持北洋军阀的中央政权，1926年4月被冯玉祥驱逐下台。

③杨德群：湖南省湘阴县人，北京女子师范大学国文系预科学生，遇害时年仅24岁。

④程君：指程毅志，湖北省孝感市人，北京女子师范大学教育系学生。

)[这是叙述写作的缘起，抒发极度悲伤的心情。

文中起笔点明时间，巧妙地将“民国”，即人民民主之国和刘和珍遇害联系在一起，揭露段祺瑞执政府行民主是假，搞专政是实的反动本质。

“独在礼堂外徘徊”，这是因为对刘和珍的遇害，作者心情非常沉重，他无法承爱礼堂内那种悲哀的氛围，欲以此来排解心中的悲哀。

要真正理解这句话的含意，还得了解如下事实：3月24日早晨，作者得到刘、杨的遗体已经从医院运回学校的消息，便立即到礼堂去看烈士遗容。

从学校回来后，作者吃不下饭，睡不好觉，就病倒了。

3月25日，作者冒着被段政府通缉的危险，出席了追悼会。

必修一 Unit1 Anne’s Best FriendDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts ? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are g oing through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so near ly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place s ince July 1942.Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty,I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy ab out everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue s ky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s cha nged since I was here.…For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I di dn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy ev ening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a y ear and a half that I’d seen the night face to face……Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows . It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must b e experienced.Yours, Anne第一单元友谊Reading 安妮最好的朋友你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。

课文注释：光荣革命詹姆士二世上台后，在英国恢复天主教，实行封建专制统治，引起了英国国教会和新兴资产阶级的反对。

1688年6月，詹姆士二世得了一个儿子，这样，他那位信仰英国国教的女儿玛丽就失去了将来继承王位的希望，英国的资产阶级和新贵族本来曾经寄希望于玛丽继位后能改变现状，詹姆士得子使他们的希望破灭，为了防止天主教徒将来可能继承王位，他们决定发动政变，推翻詹姆士二世的统治。

英国议会中的辉格党和托利党的7位领袖人物出面邀请詹姆士二世的女婿、荷兰执政奥伦治亲王威廉（1650—1702）来英国，以保护英国的宗教、自由和财产。

威廉生于尼德兰，信奉新教。

22岁任尼德兰执政。

5年后娶詹姆士二世（当时为约克公爵）之女玛丽为妻。

接到邀请后，威廉在9月30日即发表声明，要求恢复他的妻子玛丽英国王位继承权。

1688年11月1日，威廉率领一支1．5万人的军队和600艘舰船在英国西南海港托尔贝登陆，向伦敦挺进。

消息传到伦敦，引起一片混乱，英国的资产阶级、新贵族，甚至国王的部分大臣和军队都表示支持威廉。

詹姆士二世众叛亲离，仓皇出逃，中途被截。

后经威廉同意，逃亡法国。

1688年12月18日威廉进入伦敦。

1689年1月，在伦敦召开的议会全体会议上，宣布詹姆士二世逊位，由威廉和玛丽共同管理英国，称威廉三世和玛丽二世。

这次政变也称“光荣革命”、“不流血的革命”。

同时，议会也向威廉提出了一个《权利宣言》，对詹姆士二世破坏法律的行为进行了谴责，指出国王未经议会同意不能停止任何法律效力，不经议会同意不能征税，天主教徒不能担任英国国王，国王也不能同天主教徒结婚等等。

威廉接受了这个宣言，当年10月，该宣言经议会批准定为法律，这就是《权利法案》。

威廉在位期间，保障议会权利；采取保护关税政策，鼓励国内工农业发展；将爱尔兰变为英国的殖民地；长期与法国进行竞争。

光荣革命以后，因为国王威廉来自英国以外，又不懂英语，很多事情需要议会的帮助，加上《权利法案》的限制，王权受到制约，君主立宪制开始确立起来。

新课标必修一至选修八课文佳句背诵与仿写1. 【原句】I wonder if it 's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I 've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。

[模仿要点]句子结构：wonder + if表语从句 + so…that从句【模仿1】我不知道是否因为我的卤莽使得史密夫先生对我这么生气。

答案：I wondered if it was because I was so rude that Mr Smith was so angry with me.【模仿2】他在想是否因为她的朋友对她很关心所以她的心情才平复下来。

答案：He wonders whether it is because her friends are so concerned about her that she has calmed herself down.2. 【原句】I can well remember that there was a time whe n a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moon light and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. ( 定语从句) 我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。

自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。

[模仿要点] 句子结构：It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when …This/That is/was a time when …【模仿 1 】我还记得这对他来说是一个艰难的时期，他遭受到了身心的打击。

课文注释：华沙条约组织
1954年10月，联邦德国被批准加入北约组织，对苏联和东欧国家安全造成了巨大威胁。

1955年5月，苏联、波兰、捷克、匈牙利、罗马尼亚、保加利亚、阿尔巴尼亚、民主德国8国在华沙召开欧洲和平与安全第二次会议，签署了《友好合作互助条约》，即《华沙条约》。

同年６月条约生效时正式成立了军事政治同盟──华沙条约组织，简称华约。

总部设在莫斯科。

华沙条约组织的建立使苏联加强了与北约抗衡的实力，也加强了苏联对东欧国家的控制。

1968年，阿尔巴尼亚宣布退出华约，1990年，民主德国正式退出华约。

1991年2月，华约６个成员国（保加利亚、波兰、捷克和斯洛伐克、罗马尼亚、匈牙利、苏联）的外长和国防部长分别代表本国在一项议定书上签字，宣布华沙条约组织所有的军事机构从1991年4月1日起全部解散，同时停止一切军事行动。

1991年7月1日，华沙条约缔约国政治磋商委员会在布拉格举行的会议上，与会各国领导人签署了关于华沙条约停止生效的议定书和会议公报，至此华约正式解体。

THE FRESHMAN CHALLENGEHi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little confusing.First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I graduate. My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.I had to choose extra-curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. Obviously, I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.新生的挑战嗨！我叫亚当，是高中一年级的新生。

必修1 第一单元Reading 阅读ANNE’S BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.安妮最好的朋友你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友？或者你会不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮?弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记视为自己最好的朋友。

Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most pe ople do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。

人教版语文高一必修1大堰河我的保姆课文解读《大堰河——我的保姆》是诗人艾青于1933年1月14日写的一首诗歌。

下面是店铺给大家带来的人教版语文高一必修1大堰河我的保姆课文解读，希望对你有帮助。

语文高一《大堰河──我的保姆》课文解读大堰河，是我的保姆。

她的名字就是生她的村庄的名字，她是童养媳，大堰河，是我的保姆。

第1节，说明大堰河是卑微得连自己的姓名都没有的穷苦的劳动妇女。

诗从三个方面介绍大堰河的悲苦低微的身世：没有姓名;童养媳;靠出卖乳汁和汗水谋生。

“大堰河，是我的保姆”首尾反复吟咏，突出了诗人与大堰河的特殊关系。

我是地主的儿子;也是吃了大堰河的奶而长大了的大堰河的儿子。

大堰河以养育我而养育她的家，而我，是吃了你的奶而被养育了的，大堰河啊，我的保姆。

第2节两句，首句点明自己的特殊身分，既是大堰河的儿子，又是地主的儿子，第2句突出了大堰河和“我”的养育与被养育的关系。

这里，诗人运用回环往复的手法，让“大堰河”反复四次，诗节末尾改用第二人称和呼告的形式，强调“我”“是吃了大堰河的奶而长大了的大堰河的儿子”，拉近了与“大堰河” 的距离，倾注了对大堰河的特有深情。

大堰河，今天我看到雪使我想起了你：你的被雪压着的草盖的坟墓，你的关闭了的故居檐头的枯死的瓦菲(1)，你的被典押了的一丈平方的园地，你的门前的长了青苔的石椅，大堰河，今天我看到雪使我想起了你。

[注] (1)瓦菲：房里瓦缝里长的草。

第3节，介绍了大堰河悲惨贫苦破败的家世。

诗通过一连串的排比，在对悲惨凄凉气氛的浓重渲染中，深切地抒发了诗人对保姆大堰河的无限思念，对她悲凉身世的无比同情。

诗人描写时善于通过想象和联想，捕捉一些富有特征的意象：坟墓是“草盖的”，出奇的荒凉;故居“关闭”了，檐头的瓦菲已经“枯死”;园田仅仅“一丈平方”，也被“典押”;门前的石椅“长了青苔”，这里早已荒无人烟，一幅幅惨不忍睹的破败景象呈现于读者的眼前。

诗人看到雪，想起了保姆大堰河，这是写实，诗人确实是在被投入监狱以后的一个寒冷的雪夜，想起了许多人和事，其中包括自己的保姆大堰河。

必修1 Unit 1ANNE’S BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.Thursday 15, June, 1944Dear kitty,I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here.…For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face……Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging b efore very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours,AnneUsing Language 语言运用Reading and listening 读与听1 Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss Wang will say. After listening, check and discuss her advice.Dear Miss Wang,I am havi ng some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping. What should I do?Yours,LisaReading and writing 读与写Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong. He is also asking for some advice. Read the letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it.Dear Miss Wang,I’m a student from Huzhou Senior High School. I have a problem. I’m not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them. So I feel quite lonely sometimes. I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. Yours,Xiaodong2 Decide which are the best ideas and put them into an order. Then write down your advice and explain how it will help. Each idea can make one paragraph. The following sample and the expressions may help youDear Xiaodong,I’m sorry you are having trouble in makin g friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you follow my advice. Here are some tips to help you.First, why not…?If you do this,…Secondly, you could / can …Then / That way, …Thirdly, it would be a good idea if …By doing this, …I hope you will find these ideas useful.YoursMiss Wang第二单元THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHAt the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?American Amy: Yes, I’d like to come up to your apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoken first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time Englishbecame the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTSWhat is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.When people use words and expressions different form “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved form one place to another, they took their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.第三单元Travel journalJOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONGPART 1 THE DREAM AND THE PLANMy name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei andYu Hang at their college in Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. After graduating from college.we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I asked my sister, "Where are we going?" It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming. She can be really stubborn. Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. Now, I know that the proper way is always her way. I kept asking her, "When are we leaving and when are we coming back?" I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet. Of course, she hadn't; my sister doesn't care about details. So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, she seemed to be excited about it. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. I know my sister well. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.Several months before our trip,Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography. From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. At first the river is small and the water is clear and cold. Then it begins to move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a waterfall and enters wide valleys. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and the high altitude,the Mekong becomes wide，brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONGPART 2 A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINSAlthough it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet.Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice. Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? That's what we looked like! Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us. In the late afternoon we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze.However,the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual.She is very reliable and I knew I did't need to encourage her.To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us,we were surprised by the view.We seemed to be able to see for miles.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.Then we began going down the hills.It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer.In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass.At this point we had to change our caps,coats,gloves and trousers for T-shirts and shorts.In the early evening we always stop to make camp.We put up our tent and then we eat.After supper Wang Wei put her head down on her pillow and went to sleep but I stayed awake.At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter. It was so quiet.There was almost no wind-only the flames of our fire for company.As I lay beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.We will reach Dali in Yunnan Province soon,where our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will join us.We can hardly wait to see them!Unit 4 EarthquakesA NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEPStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeastHebei.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervois to eat.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about 3:00 am on july 28,1976,some people saw bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.but the one million people of the city,who thiught little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.At 3:42 am everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometres away.One-third of the nation felt it.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dir.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.The suffering of the people was extreme.Two-thirds of them died or were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural?Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.All of the city's hospitals,75%of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.No wind,however,could blow them away.Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.Half a million oigs and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were shocked.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.More buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.people begab to wonder how long the disaster would last.All hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.To the north of the city,most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Fresh water was taken to the city bu train,truck and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Office of the City GovernmentTangshan,HebeiChinaJuly5,2007Dear____,Congratulations!We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. The park will also honour those who helped the survivors. Our office would like to have you speak to the park vistors on July 28 at 11:00 am. As you know,this is the day the quake happened thirty-____years ago.We invite you to bring your family and friends on that special day.Sincerely,Zhang ShaUnit 5ELIAS’ STORYMy name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it becauseI was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told my how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said:“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said:“…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violen ce with violence.As a matter of fact, I do not like violence…but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.THE REST OF ELIAS' STORYYou cannot imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid. It was a prison from which no one escaped. There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I got there Nelsom Mandela was also there and he helped me. Mr Mandela began a school for those of us who had little learning. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep. We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find to make candles to see the words. I became a good student. I wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to do that. Later, Mr Mandela allowed the prison guards to join us. He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees. They were not cleverer than me , but they did pass their exams. So I knwe I could get a degree too. That made me feel good about myself.When I finished the four years in prison, I went to find a job. Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office. However, the police found out and told my boss that I had been in prinson for blowing up government buildings. So I lost my job. I did not work again for twenty years until M r Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. All that time my wife and children had to beg for good and help from relatives or friends. Luckily Mr Mandela remembered me and gave me a job taking tourists around my old prison on Robben Islannd. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me. I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of the guards and my friends who had died.I felt I would not be able to do it, but my family encouraged me. They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. So now at 51 I am proud to show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in their own land.（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。

[复习重点] 1.积累并记牢120个实词中的“就”“假”“绝”三字及次常用字“强”。

2.背诵全文，翻译重点句子。

基础积累奠基高考一、基础夯实(第1段)君子曰：学不可以已．。

1．解释加点的词语已()答案停止(第2段)青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝；冰，水为之，而寒于水。

木直中．绳，以为轮，其曲．．．．，不复挺．者，使之然也。

故木受绳则直，金就砺．则利，君子博学而日参．中规。

虽有槁暴省乎己，则知明而行无过矣。

2．解释加点的词语①中()②()③曲()④虽()⑤有()⑥槁暴()⑦挺()⑧砺()答案①合乎②同“煣”，用火烘烤木材使之弯曲③弯曲的弧度④即使⑤同“又”⑥晒干⑦直⑧磨刀石3．理解性默写①文中借助挺直的木头被弯曲后，即使又晒干也不能复原，说明事物经过人工改造，可以改变原来的状态的句子是“________________，______________，____________”。

②文中“____________，__________”两句运用比喻论证的方法，通过“木”和“金”的变化来进一步说明客观事物经过人工改造，可以改变原来的状态。

答案①虽有槁暴不复挺者使之然也②故木受绳则直金就砺则利4．翻译画线的句子译文：________________________________________________________________________答案君子广泛地学习而且每天对自己检查、省察，那么，他就会智慧明达而且行为没有过失了。

(得分点：博学、参、省、知)(第3段)吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也；吾尝跂．而望矣，不如登高之博见也。

登高而招，臂非加长也，而见者远；顺风而呼，声非加疾．也，而闻者彰．。

假舆马者，非利足．．也，而致．千里；假舟楫者，非能水．也，而绝．江河。

君子生非异也，善假于物也。

5．解释加点的词语①跂()②疾()③彰()④利足()⑤致()⑥水()⑦绝()答案①踮起脚后跟②劲疾③清楚④善于奔走⑤到达⑥用作动词，游泳⑦横渡6．理解性默写①荀子擅长用多样化的比喻阐明深刻的道理。