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被动语态的构成与用法被动语态是英语中一种常见的语态形式，用以表示动作的承受者而不是执行者，对于了解英语的语法和表达方式非常重要。
本文将探讨被动语态的构成原则和用法，并结合实例进行说明。
一、被动语态的构成原则被动语态的构成通常由以下几个要素组成：谓语动词的过去分词形式、be 动词的不同形式、主语和介词（可选）。
1. 谓语动词的过去分词形式被动语态的核心是谓语动词的过去分词形式，根据谓语动词的词性不同，过去分词的形式也会有所不同。
一般而言，动词的过去分词形式是在动词原形的基础上加上-ed或-d结尾。
例如：- 动词 "write" 的过去分词形式是 "written"- 动词 "open" 的过去分词形式是 "opened"- 动词 "eat" 的过去分词形式是 "eaten"有些特殊动词存在不规则变化，需要特别注意。
例如：- 动词 "go" 的过去分词形式是 "gone"- 动词 "do" 的过去分词形式是 "done"- 动词 "see" 的过去分词形式是 "seen"2. be 动词的不同形式be 动词在被动语态中起到一个辅助动词的作用，根据不同的人称、时态、语态，be 动词有不同的形式。
常见的be 动词包括is、am、are、was、were、been、being 等。
根据句子的主谓一致和时态的变化，选择合适的 be 动词形式。
3. 主语和介词（可选）在被动语态句子中，动作的承受者通常成为主语，而动作的执行者则常常变成介词短语中的内容。
但并不是每个被动语态的句子都需要介词短语，这取决于句子结构和表达的需要。
二、被动语态的用法1. 强调行为的承受者被动语态常用来强调行为的承受者，将其放在句子的前面以增加语气的重点。
八种被动语态谓语结构在英语语法里，谈到被动语态，很多人就开始皱眉头了。
你看，主动语态大家都懂嘛，就是“我吃了苹果”，主语“我”是做动作的那个人。
而被动语态呢？简单来说，就是“苹果被我吃了”，好像苹果也有点委屈的样子，成了动作的接受者。
你看，这种语法结构看似简单，但要做到流利又自然，还是有点小挑战的。
不过，没关系，我来给你捋一捋八种被动语态的结构，咱们一边轻松聊，一边搞定它。
最基础的就是“be + 过去分词”了。
大家常常会看到类似“was eaten”，“is done”之类的句子。
比如说，“The cake was eaten by me” （蛋糕被我吃掉了），这里“was eaten”就是被动语态的经典搭配。
简单直接吧？不过你要注意，主语不是动作的执行者，而是接受动作的对象。
像“这本书被读完了”可以说成“The book was read.”这时候谁读的不重要，关键是这本书已经被读掉了。
有的时候，被动语态里还会加上情态动词，比如“can”或者“must”。
举个例子，“The car can be repaired”就是“这辆车能被修好”。
这里的“can”就给了动作一点额外的含义，表示能力或者可能性。
再比如，“The problem must be solved”就是“问题必须被解决”。
这句话不仅仅是告诉你问题已经被解决了，还强调了这是个“必须”的事。
有一种情况下，我们会用“get + 过去分词”，这也是一种常见的被动语态。
和“be”结构不太一样，“get”显得更加口语化一点，听起来有点活泼。
比如，“He got injured during the match”就是“他在比赛中受伤了”。
这句话的重点是，他受伤了，是发生了什么事，但语气上就比“was injured”更随意一些。
你也可以听到别人说，“I got caught in traffic”——就是“我被困在了交通中”。
这种用法在日常对话中超级常见，特别是在口语里。
被动语态的谓语构成重/难点重点：了解主动语态和被动语态的概念；了解并掌握被动语态各种时态以及含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语构成。
难点：掌握被动语态的五种时态以及含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语构成。
重/难点分析重点分析：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的谓语构成是：be+及物动词的过去分词。
在被动语态中，及物动词永远用过去分词，助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
含有情态动词的被动语态谓语构成是：情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词。
难点分析：由于被动语态的谓语有多种时态，有不同的人称和数的变化，条目较多，在使用的过程中容易混淆，不容易记忆和掌握。
含有情态动词的被动语态，在学习过程中，学生容易出错，感觉较难把握。
因此掌握被动语态的各种时态以及含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语构成，既是学习的重点，又是学习的难点。
突破策略1. 引出主动语态和被动语态的概念在接触被动语态之前，学生们一直所熟悉的是主动语态的情境，这就要求学生的思维需要发生一定的转换和发散才能理解被动语态。
从这一点上来说如何引入被动语态，能够被学生们容易接受就显得尤为重要了。
比如，在导入部分，教师展示一张男孩骑自行车的图片，然后提问学生：What can you see?从男孩的角度：A boy is riding a bike.从自行车的角度：A bike is being ridden by a boy.这样可以引出主动语态和被动语态这两种语态的概念：主动语态——表示主语是动作的执行者。
（主动、主动、主去动）被动语态——表示主语是动作的承受者。
（被动、被动、主被动）2. 总结各种时态的被动语态通过情境设计引出五种时态及含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语构成，再通过和主动语态的对比，总结出被动语态各种时态的谓语构成。
比如，教师可以设置以下的情境：我带大家去参观一下我的新家吧（展示一张家的图片）。
这么整洁的一个家，肯定每天都会花很多时间打扫卫生。
英语被动语态的结构英语被动语态的结构汇总被动语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
被动语态是英语常考常用句型结构,这一个知识点也是我们必须要掌握的,下面就是店铺向大家介绍被动语态的结构，希望对大家有用! 英语被动语态的结构被动语态的句子是以《be动词+过去分词》的形式来表达，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接by，译为“被(由)……”。
1 被动语态的句型肯定句：主语+be +过去分词+(by～).否定句：主语+be not +过去分词+(by～).一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+(by～)?特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+(by～)?被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
2 被动语态的十种时态以动词give为例，其被动语态的各种时态构成如下：1.一般现在时History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。
2.一般过去时These new cars were made in Tianjing in 1994.这些新车是1994年在天津生产的。
3.一般将来时Li Ming will be asked to attend the lecture.李明将被邀请参加讲座。
4.现在进行时A new railway is being built.一条新铁路正在修建。
5.过去进行时The roads were being widened.路那时正在加宽。
6.现在完成时He has been sent to work in Shanghai.他已经被派往去上海工作了。
7.过去完成时A new hotel had been built when I got there.我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。
8.过去将来时He said a new hotel would be built in two months.他说两个月后新旅馆就会建好了的。
动词语态1.被动语态的基本结构：be+2.情态动词的被语态: 情态动词+be+3.：4.使役动词(make,let, have)和感官动词(hear,see等)在被动句中动词原形前要加to.5.将直接宾语(物)变为被动句中的主语时，要在间接宾语（人）前加to/for (sb.)。
6.happen, take place等及系动词没有被动语态。
6．主动句变被动句步骤：1）划分主动句主谓宾；2）主动句宾语变被动句主语；3）主动句谓语变被动句谓语；4）主动句主语变为by+宾语。
动词的语态练习题一、选择填空( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was foundedC. is foundedD. was found( ) 2 The sports meeting ___ be held until next week.A.didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't（( ) 3 This English song___ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung( ) 4 His new book___ next month.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used( ) 6 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need( ) 7 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building<( ) 8 Our room must ___ . keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 9 This kind of car ___ in , makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 10 English ____ in . speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken二、句型转换1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.2. They produce silk in ____ ______ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.4. You needn't do it ____ _____ _____ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a card last card ____ ____ ____ me by Lucy last week.6. People use metal for making machines. Metal ____ ____ for making machines.]7. He made me do that for ____ ____ ____ do that for him.have given this book to the library. This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.they build a bridge here a year ago ____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago must water the flowers every day. The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.三、用动词的正确语态填空。
被动语态的构成被动语态是英语语法中常用的一种句式结构。
它用来表达主语是动作的接受者，而非执行者的情况。
被动语态由"be"动词的不同形式配合主动语态的过去分词构成。
本文将介绍被动语态的构成及其用法。
1. 被动语态的构成方式被动语态的构成由以下几个要素组成：1.1 "be"动词的形式：根据谓语动词的时态和语态，选择适当的"be"动词形式。
例如，一般现在时使用"is/am/are"，一般过去时使用"was/were"，现在完成时使用"has/have been"等。
1.2 谓语动词的过去分词：使用动词的过去分词形式作为被动语态的核心。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
大多数动词的过去分词形式是在动词原形后面加上"-ed"，例如："worked"，"played"。
不规律变化的过去分词形式需单独记忆，例如："written"，"taken"。
1.3 主动语态中的宾语：在主动语态中作为宾语的人或事物成为被动语态中的主语，放在被动语态句子的前面。
2. 被动语态的用法被动语态在实际表达中有多种用法，下面列举了几个常见的用法：2.1 强调动作的承受者：通过使用被动语态，可以将动作的承受者放在句子的前面，以达到强调的效果。
例如："The new product was developed by our team."（新产品是我们团队开发的。
）2.2 描述客观事实：当我们不关心或不知道动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态来描述客观事实。
例如："The book was translated into multiple languages."（这本书已经被翻译成多种语言。
被动句怎么看主谓宾
被动句是一种表示主语承受动作的句子结构，它由助动词be和过去分词构成。
被动句的主谓宾定状补的划分方法如下：
1. 主语：被动句的主语是原来主动句的宾语，也就是动作的承受者。
例如：The window was broken by Tom.（窗户被汤姆打破了。
）这里，The window就是被动句的主语，也是原来主动句Tom broke the window的宾语。
2. 谓语：被动句的谓语由助动词be和过去分词组成，其中助动词be要根据时态、人称和数进行变化，过去分词则保持不变。
例如：The house has been built.（房子已经建好了。
）这里，has been built就是被动句的谓语，其中has been是助动词be的现在完成时态第三人称单数形式，built是过去分词。
3. 宾语：被动句通常没有宾语，因为宾语已经变成了主语。
但有些情况下，被动句可以带有复合宾语或间接宾语。
例如：He was given a book by his teacher.（他被老师给了一本书。
）这里，a book就是复合宾语中的直接宾语，也可以看作是原来主动句His teacher gave him a book中间接宾语him后面跟着的直接宾语。
4. 定语：被动句中可以有定于修饰主语或者宾语。
定于可以是形容词、名词、代词、介词短语、从句等。
例如：A new bridge is being built over the river.（一座新桥正在河上建造。
）。
被动语态谓语构成[各种时态的被动形式](1) 一般现在时：am, is, are + done(2) 一般过去时was, were + done(3) 情态动词：can/could/may/must/should be+done *(4) 一般将来时：will be/be going to be + done*(5) 进行时：am, is, are, was, were being +done*(6) 完成时：have/has b een+ done被动语态专项分类练习题一、一般现在时1. Kate often sings this song.2. We use knives to cut things.3. The trees cover the whole mountain.4. He often looks after his sister.5. Lily often thinks of her grandfather.6.The teachers take care of the children.7. People speak English in many countries.二、一般过去时1. They held football games on last Friday afternoon.2. We built this bridge in 1998.3. Tom closed the windows just now.4. My car hit a tree yesterday.5. The workers made many planes in China last year.6. The tigers in the zoo frightened the little girl.7. They talked about the interesting book this morning.三、一般/ 过去将来时1. People will laugh at you if you wear that dress.2. We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow’s meeting.3. People will never forget the accident.4. They won’t hold the meeting until next Friday.5. The doctor will ask the patient some questions before he gives her medicine.6. Someone will tell you how to prepare for the examination.7. We should listen to the teacher carefully in class.8. You should put forward the questions at the meeting.四、现在/ 过去进行时1. Tom is writing a letter.2. He was reading a book at this time yesterday.3. They are repairing the car in the garage.4. They are making this type of radios in shanghai.5. Someone is showing them how to operate the computers.6. People are talking about the incident all over the town.五、现在/ 过去完成时1. They have planted 2000 trees in the last 3 years.2. They have found ways to make waste water clean.3. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.4. Someone has taken the stranger to another hospital.5. I have told h im that he didn’t satisfy his examiner.6. Has anybody fed the birds?六、情态动词1. They must finish the work today.2. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.3. You may write this letter in pencil.4. Someone must take care of the children when we go out.5. We must finish the work by sixo’clock this afternoon.6. We must pay attention to such problems.7. Someone must have turned on the light without your notice.二、单项选择。
( )1. Our TV set _____ yesterday.A. is repairedB. was repairedC. has been repairedD. repaired( )2. A wonderful English talk_____ by Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has been givenB. is givenC. is being givenD. will be given ( )3. Mr Li , you _____ on thephone.A. are wantedB. were wantedC. are being wantedD. will be wanted( )4. This maths problem _____ outby little Tom.A. can be easily workB. can easily be workedC. can is easily workedD. can easily worked( )5. The monkeys ______ to the zoo tomorrow morning.A. may be sendB. may will sentC. may be sentD. is going to send ( )6. The baby ____ when Mother was out.A. looked after wellB. was looked wellC. is well looked afterD. was well looked after( )7. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _____ in our city.A. are put upB. have put upC. have been putD. have been put up ( )8. People have come to know that their health must ______.A. pay more attentionB. pay more attention toC. be paid more attentionD. be paid more attention to( )9. The children ____ a beautiful picture by the teacher in the classroom.A. were shownB. were shown toC. was shownD. was shown to( )10. A beautiful picture ____ the children in the classroom.A. were shownB. were shown toC. was shownD. was shown to( )11. Mr Brown ____ take the medicine twice a day.A. told toB. was told toC. toldD. was told( )12. The boys ____ copy the new words ten times before they went home.A. were madeB. were made toC. was madeD. was made to( )13. Mary ____ do morning exercises on the playground.A. saw toB. was saw toC. was seen toD. was seen( )14. A man ____ cry for help last night.A. was heard toB. was heardC. was hear toD. heard to( )15. Tom ____ watch TV after he finishes his homeworkA. will let toB. will be allowedC. will be letD. will be allowed to. ( )16. Great changes ____ in the village since then.A . have been taken placeB. took placeC. have taken placeD. were taken place( )17. In the last few years Beijing ____ greatly.A. has changedB. has been changedC. changedD. was changed( )18. He ____ much better today.A. is feltB. feltC. is being feltD. feels( )19. Vegetables, eggs and meat ____ in this shop.A. sellsB. soldC. is soldD. are sold( )20. What kind of books ____ well?A. sellsB. soldC. is soldD. are sold。
