甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高考英语最后冲刺模拟试题201906110317

绝密★启用前甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高三毕业班下学期5月月考英语试题本卷满分为120分，考试时间100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两小节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ADark Sky Parks around the WorldWarrumbungle National ParkSituated in the central west slopes of New South Wal es is Australia’s only dark sky park， Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural， educational， and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia’s largest optical telescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras，the Milky Way， and faint shooting stars.SarkSark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the World’s First D ark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40，000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island， there is an exceptional view of the dark skies.A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.Pic du Midi de BigorrePic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark sky park in December 2013 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3.112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCO’s World Heritage site， Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyrenees， which was built in 1870， is one of theworld’s highest museums at a height of 2，877 meters above sea level.Ramon Crater/Makhtesh RamonRamon Crater is a unique 1，100-square-kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017， the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the Middle East. Its location， rough climate， and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement， making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars， planets， and the Milky Way.1. Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?A. Sark.B. Pic du Midi de Bigorre.C. Warrumbungle National Park.D. Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.2. What do we know about Sark from the passage?A. Not a single car runs there.B. It was an island belongingto Normandy.C. The Milky Way can only be seen there.D. Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.3. What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?A. High altitude.B. The large area.C. Geographical conditions.D. Cultural features.BJon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carryinga plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano， Texas， detective， dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun， caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief， and they got intoa struggle.“The detective has a martial arts background， and he said he thought the suspect must have a martial arts background， too， because he was able to break away so easily，” a Plano police spokesperson said.The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching: Andre。

兰州一中2018—2019学年度高三年级5月月考试题英语本卷满分为120分，考试时间100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两小节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ADar Sy Pars around the WorldWarrumbungle National ParSituated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Australia’s only dar sy par, Warrumbungle. The par has served as a dar sy par since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night sies and high altitude mae it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia’s largest optical telescope within the par boundaries to view the auroras，the Mily Way, and faint shooting stars.SarSar is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the U. It was the World’s First Dar Sy Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an eceptional view of the dar sies. A rich Mily Way is visible in the dar night sies from the shores of the island.Pic du Midi de BigorrePic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dar sy par in December 2013 maing it the second largest dar sy par in the world. The par covers 3.112 square ilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Par and UNESCO’s World Heritage site, Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The par attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyrenees, which was built in 1870, is one of the world’s highest museums at a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.Ramon Crater/Mahtesh RamonRamon Crater is a unique 1,100-square-ilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dar sy par in the Middle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, maing it a great place to view the night sies. Stargaers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, planets, and the Mily Way.1. Which par serves as a heritage site for astronomy?A. Sar.B. Pic du Midi de Bigorre.C. Warrumbungle National Par.D. Ramon Crater/Mahtesh Ramon.2. What do we now about Sar from the passage?A. Not a single car runs there.B. It was an island belonging to Normandy.C. The Mily Way can only be seen there.D. Visitors lie to stay on the island in groups.3. What maes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?A. High altitude.B. The large area.C. Geographical conditions.D. Cultural features.BJon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash. The Plano, Teas, detective, dressed in plain clothes but wearing his badge (徽章) and gun, caught the man and pinned him to the hood of his car. But Hoffman had trouble containing the thief, and they got into a struggle.“The detective has a martial arts bacground, and he said he thought the suspect must hav e a martial arts bacground, too, because he was able to brea away so easily,” a Plano police spoesperson said.The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching Andre Harvey and irby Sample, two day laborers. Harvey did what has become common these days—he tooout his phone and hit record. “I hate to say it, but I thought that this policeman was doing something illegal,” Harvey said. “But when he ased for help, I thought, well, there won’t be a shooting if I get over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action—while hewas still recording the video—as did Sample.“Harvey caught hold of the suspect’s arms, while irby seied his legs, and they wereable to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs (手铐) on,” said the police spoesperson. The 27-year-old suspect was charged with resisting arrestand other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than $ 50.“I’ve been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life,” Harvey told WFAA.“It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive.”After the arrest, the three men got to now each other over steas and ribs at a localstea house—Hoffman’s treat, as a than-you. But the rescuers say Hoffman deserves credit too. “It could have turned real ugly.” Sample told the media “He handled himself liea real professional.”4. What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect?A. He was not on duty.B. He needed witnesses to support him.C. He wanted to push the thief into the car.D. He couldn’t control the suspect.5. Why did Harvey and irby record the scene at the beginning?A. To follow the fashion.B. To eep trac of the criminal.C. To record the detective’s violence.D. To avoid being involved in the incident.6. What can be inferred about Harvey?A. He was ready to violate the law.B. He might have had some illegal behaviour.C. He was out of wor at that time.D. He had a good martial arts bacground.7. What is Harvey and Sample’s attitude towards Hoffman?A. Appreciative.B. Prejudiced.C. Septical.D. Cautious.CThere are many programs for high school students today that help lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only a problem for teens but also an important and rarely acnowledged one in the elderly.In Britain, Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the problems caused by loneliness. This is the first time such a position has been created.In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found that 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt socially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population live alone, more than 50 percent are unmarried.Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease, overweight, and aniety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular (分子) level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoing 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health!In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the problem and fund a charity—an organiation for helping people in need, to devote their efforts towards aiding loneliness. There are charities that lin lonely seniors to high school students in order to give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely!The possibilities for the new Minister of Loneliness are endless. For eample, she can provide education services to household businesses so that they can identify lonely customers if they see one. Loneliness fits into the category of being a social problem that must be monitored by the entire community in order to help those in need. Therefore, government involvement in medical services and care for seniors and others is vital for happy seniors.8. How does the author develop Paragraph 3?A. By listing some statistics.B. By giving eamples of lonelypeople．C. By pointing out similarities and differences.D. By comparing different cultures in different countries．9. What does the underlined word “equivalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Relevant．B. Opposite．C. Similar．D. Superior．10. What will the Minister of Loneliness do?A. Do housewor for lonely people．B. Help fund charities to aid lonely people．C. Communicate with anious school students．D. Develop friendships with the elderly．11. What is the main idea of the tet?A. U becomes the capital of loneliness．B. Loneliness affects old people’s life worldwide.C. Many teenagers suffer from loneliness．D. U’s Minister of Loneliness settles loneliness.DIn this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrining but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taing hold in many other cities, lie Buffalo in New Yor, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. "The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looing at it as an eample of the transformation that might be possible,” said Guhan Venatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Ban of Cleveland.Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped eep Pittsburgh'seducated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrining cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and incomegrowth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh areaalso have doubled employment in the last 10 years.However, some eperts question whether growing income per capita can really mae up fora declining population. According to Patric Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-silled worers have fled because of a lac of opportunity. What's more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear ifthe population declines too greatly. So it'd be wise to find ways to increase the population.12. In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good eample?A. Transforming old energy into new energy.B. Prohibiting the manufacturing.C. Creating more well-paid jobs.D. Sponsoring higher education.13. How do some academic institutions help with the local economy ?A. By helping to attract more talents from home and abroad.B. By providing much technical support to local companies.C. By hosting tech centers to allow local educated graduates to stay.D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.14. Why is Patric Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To suggest increasing high-paying jobs.B. To raise doubts about growing income per capita.C. To tell a reason why lower-silled worers flee.D. To show the disadvantage of a declining population.15. What can be a suitable title for the tet?A. Why Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting WealthierB. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population GrowthC. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech EconomyD. Why Some Cities Are Suffering From a Shrining Population第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

绝密★启用前甘肃省兰州第一中学2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、阅读理解Philadelphia offers a ton of attractions that are suitable for people of every age and here are some family —friendly attractions. Spruce Street Harbor ParkSpruce Street Harbor Park, one of the best urban beaches in America, is an outdoor heaven on the Delaware River waterfront. Visitors can relax in a hammock, play on the playgrounds, and play games like table tennis and giant chess. Don't miss out on the park at night, when colorful LED lights hanging from treetops make the entire area bright. Blue Cross RiverRinkOffering ice skating in the winter and roller skating in the summer, Blue Cross RiverRink creates a fun, outdoor experience for the whole family. Visitors can play on the nine-hole mini-golf course during the summer, and enjoy eats and drinks from the on-site bar and restaurant all year round. Sesame PlaceBig Bird, Elmo and the other stars of Sesame Street come out and play at Sesame Place, the only theme park in the nation starring the popular TV show's most lovable characters. A water park, interactive activities, parades, fireworks and shows add to the fun. Once Upon a Nation Storytelling BenchesOn summer days, uniformed and professional storytellers at 13 storytelling benches throughout Philadelphia's Historic District entertain visitors with true, free, three-to-five minute tales about试卷第2页，总11页………○……线…在※※装※※订※………○……线……the colonial era as part of Once Upon a Nation. Children can pick up a Story Flag at any storytelling bench, and then collect a star from every storyteller on their journeys. Flags with all the stars can get free rides on the Parx Liberty Carousel at Franklin Square. 1．Who would most probably go to Spruce Street Harbor Park? A ． People who are fond of colorful treetops. B ． People who want a relaxing day outdoors. C ． People who have a preference for skating. D ． People who are interested in water activities. 2．Which place would fans of Big Bird be interested in? A ． Sesame Place. B ． Blue Cross RiverRink.C ． Spruce Street Harbor Park.D ． The Parx Liberty Carousel. 3．What can we know about Philadelphia Storytelling Benches?A ． It can be visited all year round.B ． It is available at a small charge.C ． It has educational significance.D ． It is aimed at serving the public. 4．What is the text aimed at?A ． Telling what we can do in some places.B ． Encouraging people to visit Philadelphia.C ． Recommending some places for family fun.D ． Comparing some attractions in Philadelphia.A company has just launched what it calls “the world’s first free standardized English test” recently. Anyone can take the test for free. The new exam is called the EFSET, which is short for Education First Standardized English Test. The company, Education First, is known by the letters EF.It is estimated that there are two billion English language learners worldwide. Many of them are interested in attending an American college or university. To do so, foreign students need to take the Test of English as a Foreign Language —better known as TOEFL. However, many foreigners are not wealthy enough to take the TOEFL. In addition, test-takers often have to travel overnight to reach an official testing site. The World Bank says an average Cambodian worker earns only about $1,000 per year. Approximately the cost of taking the TOEFL is 17.5 percent of the average work er’s yearly wage.It is not just individuals who find the test pricey. Some governments also find it prohibitive.What’s more, not everyone needs official results from the TOEFL or IELTS—the International English Language Testing System. In the future, it’s likely that the government may use the EFSET to test millions of employees and students.Experts believe that the EFSET meets the highest value in language testing. It uses special computer software that makes the questions easier or harder, depending on one’s performance. The EFSET measures all the English learners’ levels while the IELTS and TOEFL only measure learners’ levels from intermediate to advanced. The EFSET is unique in the sense that it gives free online access to anyone interested in measuring their English level.There is a 50-minute and a two-hour version of the test, which its developers are calling the EFSET Plus. Both versions test only reading and listening skills. It’s hopeful that speaking and writing skills will be tested in the future. The IELTS and the TOEFL still use humans to rate the speaking and writing sections. It’s a huge deal for students who are in areas where they can’t get to the TOEFL or the IELTS. However, it is too early to know whether the EFSET results are acceptable for colleges and universities in America.5．Why do many foreign students take the TOEFL?A．To learn English well.B．To be admitted to key universities.C．To receive further education in America.D．To find good jobs and earn much money.6．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A．Only wealthy people can take the TOEFL.B．The cost of taking the TOEFL is very high.C．There are many official testing sites for the TOEFL around the world.D．Few of the students in Cambodia can afford to take the TOEFL.7．What can we learn about the EFSET?A．It is similar to the TOEFL and the IELTS.B．Everybody with different English levels can take it for free.C．It tests the skills of reading, listening, writing and speaking.D．American universities accept the EFSET results for admission.Researchers have created a backpack that has a computer and medicines in it that can help evenuntrained soldiers save the lives of wounded troops. Wounded soldiers have a better chance of试卷第4页，总11页survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic. But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured friends. Doctors and engineers have developed what they call an “intelligent backpack”. It has a computer and electronic measuring devices. The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to give to injured troops.About 16 doctors and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University and several other places are working on the project. The U. S. Department of Defense has given money to the project.Ron Poropatich leads the project. He is a retired army surgeon. He says the backpack will help soldiers care for those who are injured. The devices included in the backpack can monitor a person’s heart rate and blood pressure. The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.The intelligent backpack’s computer can compare information gathered about the injured soldier with thousands of similar cases, and quickly tell the best methods to use to save the soldier’s life.Sometimes, it is not always possible to quickly remove the injured soldier from the battlefield. So, Dr. Poropatich says, the researchers hope to create a backpack that will have devices that can keep a soldier alive for a long time. Dr. Poropatich hopes the backpack and its instruments will be ready for testing animals in about three years. 8．We can learn from Paragraph 1 _________.A ． most of the soldiers can’t use the backpack correctlyB ． soldiers should have taken medical trainingC ． war or battle has brought harm to the worldD ． the backpack can play a big part in the battlefield 9．How many kinds of items are mentioned in the backpack? A ． 3 B ． 4 C ． 2 D ． 510．According to Ron Poropatich, we know that ________. A ． the injurer's heart disease can be cured B ． the devices can adjust soldiers’ blood pressure C ． the robotic instruments can monitor lungs D ． the project got support from the whole world11．Which is the best title for the passage? A ． Emergency Medical Care in a Backpack. B ． Robotic Devices Used in the Battlefield. C ． Medical Care Tested on the Wounded Soldiers. D ． Researchers and Their Wonderful Discovery. 二、完形填空To be honest, I do not know Sybrina Fulton. Nor can I claim to understand the depth of her pain. Yet, we share a deep connection. A common feature experienced by those women who face the challenge of raising a Black male child in a nation that far too often views Black male bodies through fear. You see, Ms. Fulton is living my nightmare (噩梦). A constant worry that has stayed in the back of my mind since the birth of my eldest son, some sixteen years ago. Through the years, I have witnessed the world’s reaction to my son evolve as he has grown from a small boy to a young man. In his early years, his easy smile and lovable character were nothing less than magnetic (有磁性的). Complete strangers would approach him in the street, draw him into conversation, and find themselves easily struck by his lively spirit. Even at that time I worried, how would my son react when in the years to come some of those who found themselves so impressed by this cute, intelligent boy, might grasp their purse tighter as he walked by.Over the years I have sought to protect his spirit from the hurt that comes from undeserved hatred. I have also sought to arm him with the knowledge that could one day save his life. He knows, for example, that if he is ever pulled over by the police, that he is to keep both hands on the wheel at all times and only reach for his license when the officer is specifically observing his actions. He knows, even in less threatening situations, that rough play and loud interactions with his buddies of any color will be viewed very differently when he does it, than when his white friends display the very same behavior. Still, the truth of the matter is, no amount of advice or voiceless behavior overcomes the physical, immovable fact of the color of his skin. His intelligence, easy smile, and lovable character won't protect him from unfounded assumptions of criminality.What makes the Trayvon Martin travesty (歪曲) of justice so painful to me, personally, is the knowledge that Trayvon’s mother loved her baby no less than I love mine. The various pictures试卷第6页，总11页………外………内of moments throughout a happy childhood that have now found a home on nationwide newscasts provides clear evidence of that. Yet no amount of love and care, and no words of advice could have saved her son from the cruel killing he faced at the hands of a self-appointed neighborhood watch-dog. And perhaps even worse, nothing could have prepared her for the inhuman way her son has been treated by officials even in death. To think for three long days, his parents searched for him while officials failed to inform them of his fate and instead, performed drug and alcohol tests on his lifeless body, while failing to do the same for his attacker —the only one of the two who indeed had a criminal past is frankly, unforgivable. To know that the words of her son's killer were given more weight than eye-witnesses and taped evidence of her child’s screams and eventual death must be heartbreaking. But to also have to live with the fact that his attacker still breathes free while her son lays buried underground is certainly more than any sorrowful parent should have to endure (忍受).It is this type of pain that is not unfamiliar to the Black experience in America, for this is the Black mothers’ burden. A burden we have endured for centuries. Yet, there is still the rightful expectation, that in modern-day America, the wheels of justice would not be stopped. So today, it is my hope that Trayvon’s mother, father, family and friends can take some comfort in the fact that millions of Americans of every color stand with them in their fight for justice. This is a burden no family should have to endure alone.We will not give up. We will not forget. We will continue the fight until justice is done. 12．What do you know about Sybrina Fulton?A ． She was anxious about her son.B ． She was painful to lose her son.C ． She had trouble in raising her son.D ． She had the same dream as the writer. 13．By “keep both hands on the wheel at all times” in Paragraph 3, the writer means her son should __________.A ． get ready to resistB ． remain where he isC ． pretend to be scaredD ． show his innocence14．From the story of Trayvon Martin, we can infer that __________. A ． he was killed simply because of his color of skin B ． he was accused of taking drug even after his death C ． he kept silent even when he was being attacked D ． the police failed to find strong evidence against the attacker 15．The article is mainly intended to ______.…………A ． draw attention to the facts about killings B ． give comfort to the victims' families C ． appeal for the end to the terrible situation D ． display hatred for terrible phenomenaAs is known to all, most stories of kindness do not begin with formerly drug-addicted celebrity (名人) bad boys. ______ does.When this ______ took place, I was accompanying my grandmother at a huge garden party. ________, Robert Downey Jr., in a nice cream-colored suit, came in. I pointed out this big movie star to grandma ______, but she was far more interested in piling her paper plate with cheese.As my 80-year-old grandmother rose for the ____ after the party, she fell into a wheelchair ramp (踏板) nearby. The sharp ramp ______ her leg open and it was bleeding.I should have quickly taken control of the ______ —but due to my blood faint, I didn't. Luckily, Robert Downey Jr. _______He called an ambulance immediately, and asked someone to ______ a blanket. He took off his suit and ______ his suit around her leg. The cream color turned dark red. Robert surely knew how to speak to her, ______ , distract her. He stayed with my grandmother until the ambulance came, ______ her hand and telling her she was breaking his ______ by leaving so early. I hurried into the ambulance without a word, feeling too shy to thank him.Some 15 years after that garden party, and five years since he'd been set free from prison for possession of drugs in his car, I came across Robert in a fancy restaurant. I was ______ to respect people's privacy and never ______ someone having a meal. But on this clay, I decided to ______ the code.“I don't have any ______ if you remember this. . . "and I told him the story. “I just wanted to tell you that it was simply the kindest act I've ever ______ .”It's never too ______ to express our appreciation for kindness which lies in everyone, even a celebrity bad boy. ______, appreciation itself is a sort of kindness. 16．A ． Mine B ． His C ． Hers D ． Yours 17．A ． party B ． kindness C ． accident D ． story18．A ． Slowly B ． Expectedly C ． Suddenly D ． Interestingly 19．A ． excitedly B ． surprisingly C ． fortunately D ． successfully试卷第8页，总11页20．A ． garden B ． wheelchair C ． star D ． exit 21．A ． tore B ． broke C ． cut D ． pushed 22．A ． situation B ． blood C ． crowd D ． injury23．A ． got across B ． turned up C ． got ready D ． calmed down 24．A ． buy B ． rent C ． lend D ． fetch 25．A ． tied B ． covered C ． placed D ． pulled26．A ． instead B ． for example C ． otherwise D ． or rather 27．A ． shaking B ． waving C ． holding D ． pressing 28．A ． schedule B ． heart C ． promise D ． mind 29．A ． persuaded B ． born C ． raised D ． forced 30．A ． bother B ． talk to C ． stare at D ． upset 31．A ． abandon B ． set C ． follow D ． improve 32．A ． idea B ． trouble C ． doubt D ． interest33．A ． called for B ． witnessed C ． heard of D ． performed 34．A ． embarrassing B ． careful C ． late D ． strange35．A ． However B ． After all C ． Therefore D ． On the contrary 三、七选五Do you know that there's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. 36． Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. 37． —it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re-create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same," freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table. SustainabilityAccording to a new study, the global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintaincurrent levels. 38．3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements. Nutrition39．Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand."40．Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many difficulties to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.A．ChallengesB．OpportunitiesC．And the industry isn’t stopping there.D．Sustainability is becoming a necessity.E.Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.F.Here are some new ways to produce 3D printing.G.Not everybody can do that.试卷第10页，总11页第II 卷（非选择题）请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明 四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

甘肃省兰州第一中学2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Researchers have created a backpack that has a computer and medicines in it that can help even untrained soldiers save the lives of wounded troops. Wounded soldiers have a better chance of survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic. But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured friends.Doctors and engineers have develop ed what they call an “intelligent backpack”. It has a computer and electronic measuring devices. The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to give to injured troops.About 16 doctors and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University and several other places are working on the project. The U. S. Department of Defense has given money to the project.Ron Poropatich leads the project. He is a retired army surgeon. He says the backpack will help soldiers care for those who are injured. The devices included in the backpack can monitor a person’s heart rate and blood pressure. The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.The intelligent backpack’s computer can compare information gathe red about the injured soldier with thousands of similar cases, and quickly tell the best methods to use to save the soldier’s life.Sometimes, it is not always possible to quickly remove the injured soldier from the battlefield. So, Dr. Poropatich says, the researchers hope to create a backpack that will have devices that can keep a soldier alive for a long time. Dr. Poropatich hopes the backpack and its instruments will be ready for testing animals in about three years.1．We can learn from Paragraph 1 _________.A．most of the soldiers can’t use the backpack correctlyB．soldiers should have taken medical trainingC．war or battle has brought harm to the worldD．the backpack can play a big part in the battlefield2．How many kinds of items are mentioned in the backpack?A．3. B．4.C．2. D．5.3．According to Ron Poropatich, we know that ________.A．the injurer's heart disease can be curedB．the devices can adjust soldiers’ blood pressureC．the robotic instruments can monitor lungsD．the project got support from the whole world4．Which is the best title for the passage?A．Emergency Medical Care in a Backpack.B．Robotic Devices Used in the Battlefield.C．Medical Care Tested on the Wounded Soldiers.D．Researchers and Their Wonderful Discovery.二、完形填空To be honest, I do not know Sybrina Fulton. Nor can I claim to understand the depth of her pain. Yet, we share a deep connection. A common feature experienced by those women who face the challenge of raising a Black male child in a nation that far too often views Black male bodies through fear. You see, Ms. Fulton is living my nightmare (噩梦). A constant worry that has stayed in the back of my mind since the birth of my eldest son, some sixteen years ago.Through the years, I have witnessed the world’s reaction to my son evolve as he has grown from a small boy to a young man. In his early years, his easy smile and lovable character were nothing less than magnetic (有磁性的). Complete strangers would approach him in the street, draw him into conversation, and find themselves easily struck by his lively spirit. Even at that time I worried, how would my son react when in the years to come some of those who found themselves so impressed by this cute, intelligent boy, might grasp their purse tighter as he walked by.Over the years I have sought to protect his spirit from the hurt that comes from undeserved hatred. I have also sought to arm him with the knowledge that could one day save his life. He knows, for example, that if he is ever pulled over by the police, that he is to keep both hands on the wheel at all times and only reach for his license when the officer is specifically observing his actions. He knows, even in less threatening situations, that rough play and loud interactions with his buddies of any color will be viewed very differently when he does it, than when hiswhite friends display the very same behavior. Still, the truth of the matter is, no amount of advice or voiceless behavior overcomes the physical, immovable fact of the color of his skin. His intelligence, easy smile, and lovable character won't protect him from unfounded assumptions of criminality.What makes the Trayvon Martin travesty (歪曲) of justice so painful to me, personally, is the knowledge that Trayvon’s mother loved her baby no less than I love mine. The various pictures of moments throughout a happy childhood that have now found a home on nationwide newscasts provides clear evidence of that. Yet no amount of love and care, and no words of advice could have saved her son from the cruel killing he faced at the hands of a self-appointed neighborhood watch-dog. And perhaps even worse, nothing could have prepared her for the inhuman way her son has been treated by officials even in death. To think for three long days, his parents searched for him while officials failed to inform them of his fate and instead, performed drug and alcohol tests on his lifeless body, while failing to do the same for his attacker—the only one of the two who indeed had a criminal past is frankly, unforgivable. To know that the words of her son's killer were given more weight than eye-witnesses and taped evidence of her child’s screams and eventual death must be heartbreaking. But to also have to live with the fact that his attacker still breathes free while her son lays buried underground is certainly more than any sorrowful parent should have to endure (忍受).It is this type of pain that is not unfamiliar to the Black experience in America, for this is the Black mothers’ burden. A burden we have endured for centuries. Yet, there is s till the rightful expectation, that in modern-day America, the wheels of justice would not be stopped.So today, it is my hope that Trayvon’s mother, father, family and friends can take some comfort in the fact that millions of Americans of every color stand with them in their fight for justice. This is a burden no family should have to endure alone.We will not give up. We will not forget. We will continue the fight until justice is done. 5．What do you know about Sybrina Fulton?A．She was anxious about her son. B．She was painful to lose her son. C．She had trouble in raising her son. D．She had the same dream as the writer. 6．By “keep both hands on the wheel at all times” in Paragraph 3, the writer means her son should __________.A．get ready to resist B．remain where he isC．pretend to be scared D．show his innocence7．From the story of Trayvon Martin, we can infer that __________.A．he was killed simply because of his color of skinB．he was accused of taking drug even after his deathC．he kept silent even when he was being attackedD．the police failed to find strong evidence against the attacker8．The article is mainly intended to ______.A．draw attention to the facts about killingsB．give comfort to the victims' familiesC．appeal for the end to the terrible situationD．display hatred for terrible phenomenaAs is known to all, most stories of kindness do not begin with formerly drug-addicted celebrity (名人) bad boys. 9 does.When this 10 took place, I was accompanying my grandmother at a huge garden party. 11 , Robert Downey Jr., in a nice cream-colored suit, came in. I pointed out this big movie star to grandma 12 , but she was far more interested in piling her paper plate with cheese.As my 80-year-old grandmother rose for the 13 after the party, she fell into a wheelchair ramp (踏板) nearby. The sharp ramp 14 her leg open and it was bleeding.I should have quickly taken control of the 15 —but due to my blood faint, I didn't. Luckily, Robert Downey Jr. 16He called an ambulance immediately, and asked someone to 17 a blanket. He took off his suit and 18 his suit around her leg. The cream color turned dark red. Robert surely knew how to speak to her, 19 , distract her. He stayed with my grandmother until the ambulance came, 20 her hand and telling her she was breaking his 21 by leaving so early. I hurried into the ambulance without a word, feeling too shy to thank him.Some 15 years after that garden party, and five years since he'd been set free from prison for possession of drugs in his car, I came across Robert in a fancy restaurant. I was 22to respect people's privacy and never 23 someone having a meal. But on this clay, I decided to 24 the code.“I don't have any 25 if you remember this. . . "and I told him the story. “I just wanted to tell you that it was simply the kindest act I've ever 26 .”It's never too 27 to express our appreciation for kindness which lies in everyone, even a celebrity bad boy. 28 , appreciation itself is a sort of kindness.9．A．Mine B．His C．Hers D．Yours 10．A．party B．kindness C．accident D．story 11．A．Slowly B．Expectedly C．Suddenly D．Interestingly 12．A．excitedly B．surprisingly C．fortunately D．successfully 13．A．garden B．wheelchair C．star D．exit 14．A．tore B．broke C．cut D．pushed 15．A．situation B．blood C．crowd D．injury 16．A．got across B．turned up C．got ready D．calmed down 17．A．buy B．rent C．lend D．fetch 18．A．tied B．covered C．placed D．pulled 19．A．instead B．for example C．otherwise D．or rather 20．A．shaking B．waving C．holding D．pressing 21．A．schedule B．heart C．promise D．mind 22．A．persuaded B．born C．raised D．forced 23．A．bother B．talk to C．stare at D．upset 24．A．abandon B．set C．follow D．improve 25．A．idea B．trouble C．doubt D．interest 26．A．called for B．witnessed C．heard of D．performed 27．A．embarrassing B．careful C．late D．strange 28．A．However B．After all C．Therefore D．On the contrary三、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2019届甘肃省兰州市第一中学高三6月高考冲刺模拟数学（文）试题一、单选题1．已知集合A={|36},{|27}x x B x x -<<=<<，则()R A B =( )A ．（2，6）B ．（2，7）C ．（-3，2]D ．（-3，2）【答案】C【解析】由题得C B ⋃={x|x≤2或x≥7}，再求()A C B ⋃⋂得解. 【详解】由题得C B ⋃={x|x≤2或x≥7}，所以()A C B ⋃⋂= (]3,2-.故选：C 【点睛】本题主要考查集合的运算，意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平和分析推理能力. 2．已知复数11z i =-+，复数2z 满足122z z =-，则2z = ( )A ．2 BCD ．10【答案】B【解析】先根据已知求出复数2z ，再求2z . 【详解】 由题得222(1)2(1)11(1)(1)2i i z i i i i -------====+-+-+--，所以2z 故选：B 【点睛】本题主要考查复数的除法运算和复数的模的计算，意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平和分析推理能力.3．已知正项等比数列{}n a 满足31a =，5a 与432a 的等差中项为12，则1a 的值为( )A ．4B ．2C ．3D ．4【解析】设等比数列的公比为q ，0q >，运用等差数列中项性质和等比数列的通项公式，计算即可得到所求首项． 【详解】正项等比数列{}n a 公比设为(0)q q >，满足31a =，5a 与432a 的等差中项为12，可得211a q =，54312a a +=，即4311312a q a q +=，可得22320q q +-=， 解得2q =-（舍去），12q =， 则14a =， 故选：A ． 【点睛】本题考查等比数列的通项公式和等差数列中项的性质，考查方程思想和运算能力，属于基础题．4．已知命题:,2x p x R x e ∃∈->，命题:q a R +∀∈，且21,log (1)0a a a ≠+>,则( )A ．命题p q ∧⌝是真命题B ．命题p q ∨⌝是假命题C ．命题p q ∨是假命题D ．命题p q ∧是真命题【答案】A【解析】先分别判断命题p 与命题q 的真假，进而可得出结果. 【详解】令()xf x e x =+，则易知()xf x e x =+在R 上单调递增， 所以当0x <时，()12xf x e x =+<<，即2x e x <-；因此命题:,2xp x R x e ∃∈->为真命题；由0a >得211a +>；所以，当1a >时，2log (1)0a a +>；当01a <<时，2log (1)0a a +<； 因此，命题:q a R +∀∈，且21,log (1)0a a a ≠+>为假命题；所以命题p q ∧⌝是真命题. 故选A本题主要考查简单的逻辑连接词，复合命题真假的判定，熟记判定方法即可，属于常考题型.5．（理）设数列{}n a 满足1223a a +=，且对任意的n N *∈，点(,)n n P n a 都有1(1,2)n n P P +=，则{}n a 的前n 项和n S 为( )A B C D 【答案】A【解析】对任意的n N *∈，点(,)n n P n a 都有1(1,2)n n P P +=知),1(11+++n n a n P ，所以2),2,1(),1(111=-=-=+++n n n n n n a a a a P P ，所以{}n a 为公差为2的等差数列，又因为1223a a +=，所以首相311-=a ，所以前n 项和n S =6．已知函数()f x 是R 上的偶函数，且对任意的x R ∈有(3)()f x f x +=-，当(3,0)x ∈- 时，()25f x x =-，则(8)f =（ ） A ．11 B ．5 C ．-9 D ．-1【答案】C【解析】根据(3)()f x f x +=-即可得出(6)()f x f x +=，即得出()f x 的周期为6，再根据()f x 是偶函数，以及(3,0)x ∈-时，()25f x x =-，从而可求出f （8）f =（2）(2)9f =-=-．【详解】(3)()f x f x +=-；(6)(3)()f x f x f x ∴+=-+=；()f x ∴的周期为6；又()f x 是偶函数，且(3,0)x ∈-时，()25f x x =-；f ∴（8）(26)f f =+=（2）(2)459f =-=--=-．故选：C ． 【点睛】本题主要考查偶函数和周期函数的定义，以及已知函数求值的方法． 7．某程序框图如图所示，若该程序运行后输出的值是9，则a 的值是（ ）A ．7B ．6C ．5D ．4【答案】D【解析】模拟执行程序框图，依次写出每次循环得到的S ，k 的值，当95S =时，根据题意，此时应该满足条件k a >，退出循环，输出S 的值为95，从而得解． 【详解】模拟执行程序框图，可得1S =，1k =不满足条件k a >，13122S =+=，2k =不满足条件k a >，11512233S =++=⨯，3k = 不满足条件k a >，111111712223343344S =+++=-+-=⨯⨯，4k = 不满足条件k a >，1111111119122233445334455S =++++=-+-+-=⨯⨯⨯，5k = 根据题意，此时应该满足条件k a >，退出循环，输出S 的值为95． 故选：D ． 【点睛】本题主要考查了循环结构，根据S 的值正确判断退出循环的条件是解题的关键，属于基础题．8．《九章算术》中，将底面是直角三角形的直三棱柱称之为“堑堵”，已知某“堑堵”的三A ．4B ．C ．D ．2【答案】B【解析】分析：仔细观察三视图，发挥空间想象力，可知该几何体是底面为斜边边长为2的等腰直角三角形、高为2的直三棱柱，进而可得结果.详解：由三视图知，该几何体是底面为斜边边长为2的等腰直角三角形、高为2的直三棱柱，所以该几何体的表面积为，故选B.点睛：本题利用空间几何体的三视图重点考查学生的空间想象能力和抽象思维能力，属于中档题.三视图问题是考查学生空间想象能力最常见题型，也是高考热点.观察三视图并将其“翻译”成直观图是解题的关键，不但要注意三视图的三要素“高平齐，长对正，宽相等”，还要特别注意实线与虚线以及相同图形的不同位置对几何体直观图的影响，对简单组合体三视图问题，先看俯视图确定底面的形状，根据正视图和侧视图，确定组合体的形状.9．将函数()πsin 23f x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭的图象向右平移π2个单位长度得到()g x 图像，则下列判断错误的是（ ）A ．函数()g x 的最小正周期是πB ．()g x 图像关于直线7π12x =对称 C ．函数()g x 在区间ππ,63⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减 D ．()g x 图像关于点π,03⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭对称【答案】C【解析】根据三角函数的图象平移关系求出()g x 的解析式，结合函数的单调性，对称性分别进行判断即可． 【详解】由题意，将函数()f x 的图象向右平移2π个单位长度， 可得2()sin[2()]sin(2)233g x x x πππ=-+=-，对于A ,函数的最小正周期为2=2ππ，所以该选项是正确的； 对于B ，令712x π=，则772()sin(2)sin 1121232g ππππ=⨯-==为最大值， ∴函数()g x 图象关于直线712x π=，对称是正确的；对于C 中，[,]63x ππ∈-，则22[3x ππ-∈-，0]， 则函数()g x 在区间[,]63ππ-上先减后增，∴不正确；对于D 中，令3x π=，则2()sin(2)sin 00333g πππ=⨯-==，()g x ∴图象关于点(,0)3π对称是正确的，故选：C ． 【点睛】本题主要考查命题的真假判断，涉及三角函数的单调性，对称性，求出解析式是解决本题的关键．10．已知非零向量a ,b 的夹角为60,且满足22a b -=,则a b ⋅的最大值为( ) A ．12B ．1C ．2D ．3【答案】B【解析】根据22a b -=得到22424a b a b +-=，再由基本不等式得到222424a b a b a b ≤+-=，结合数量积的定义，即可求出结果.【详解】因为非零向量a ,b 的夹角为60,且满足22a b -=, 所以2222444a ba b a b -=+-⋅=，即2244cos 604a b a b +-=，即22424a b a b +-=， 又因为2244a ba b +≥，当且仅当2a b =时，取等号；所以222424a b a b a b ≤+-=，即2a b ≤； 因此，1cos601a b a b a b ⋅==≤.即a b ⋅的最大值为1. 故选B 【点睛】本题主要考查向量的数量积与基本不等式，熟记向量数量积的运算与基本不等式即可，属于常考题型.11．已知12,F F 是双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点，若点2F 关于渐近线的对称点M 也在双曲线上，则该双曲线的离心率为( ) A．BC ．2 D【答案】D【解析】根据双曲线的方程，先写出点2F 的坐标，以及其中一条渐近线方程，再求出点M 坐标，代入双曲线方程，即可得出结果. 【详解】因为双曲线方程为22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>，所以其中一条渐近线方程为b y x a =，又2F 是双曲线右焦点，记2(,0)F c ； 设点2F 关于渐近线by x a=的对称点为(,)M x y ， 则有22ya x cb y b xc a ⎧=-⎪⎪-⎨+⎪=⋅⎪⎩，解得2b x cab y c ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩即2222(,)a c ab M c c -，又点M 在双曲线上，所以222222221a c ab c c a b ⎛⎫-⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭-=，整理得225c a =，所以离心率为ce a==故选D 【点睛】本题主要考查求双曲线的离心率，熟记双曲线的简单性质即可，属于常考题型.12．定义在∞（0，+）上的函数f x （）满足21()0f x x '+>，522f =（），则关于x 的不等式12ln f lnx x>+（） 的解集为( ) A ．2(1,)e B ．2(0,)eC ．2(,)e eD ．2(,)e +∞【答案】D【解析】根据题意，构造函数1()()g x f x x=-，(0)x >，对其求导分析可得()0g x '>，即可得()g x 在(0,)+∞为增函数，由f （2）的值计算可得g （2）2=；分析可以将12ln f lnx x>+（）转化为()g lnx g >（2），结合函数的单调性分析可得2lnx >，解可得x 的范围，即可得答案． 【详解】根据题意，令1()()g x f x x=-，(0)x >，则其导数21()()0g x f x x '='+>，函数()g x 在(0,)+∞为增函数， 又由f （2）52=，则g （2）51222=-=，11()2()2()(2)f lnx f lnx g lnx g lnx lnx>+⇒->⇒>， 则有2lnx >， 解可得2x e >； 即不等式1()2f lnx lnx>+的解集为2(+)e ∞，. 故选：D ． 【点睛】本题考查利用函数的导数判断函数的单调性，注意先分析题意，构造函数1()()g x f x x=-．二、填空题13．若,x y 满足约束条件40,20,20,x y x x y -+≤⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪+-≥⎩则2z x y =+的最小值为__________．【解析】先由约束条件作出可行域，再由目标函数2z x y =+可化为122z y x =-+，因此当直线122zy x =-+在y 轴上截距最小时，2z x y =+取最小，结合图像即可求出结果. 【详解】由约束条件40,20,20,x y x x y -+≤⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪+-≥⎩作出可行域如下：因为目标函数2z x y =+可化为122z y x =-+， 因此当直线122zy x =-+在y 轴上截距最小时，2z x y =+取最小. 由图像易得，当直线122zy x =-+过点(2,0)A 时，在y 轴上截距最小，即min 2z =. 故答案为2 【点睛】本题主要考查简单的线性规划，只需由约束条件作出可行域，分析目标函数的几何意义，结合图像即可求解，属于常考题型. 14．已知，，三点在球的表面上，，且球心到平面的距离等于球半径的，则球的表面积为____.【答案】【解析】设出球的半径，小圆半径，通过已知条件求出两个半径，再求球的表面积．解：设球的半径为r，O′是△ABC的外心，外接圆半径为R，∵球心O到平面ABC的距离等于球半径的，∴得r2r2＝，得r2．球的表面积S＝4πr2＝4ππ．故答案为：．【点睛】本题考查球O的表面积，考查学生分析问题解决问题能力，空间想象能力，是中档题．15．为了考查考生对于“数学知识形成过程”的掌握情况，某高校自主招生考试面试中的一个问题是：写出对数的换底公式，并加以证明．甲、乙、丙三名考生分别写出了不同的答案．公布他们的答案后，三考生之间有如下对话，甲说：“我答错了”；乙说：“我答对了”；丙说：“乙答错了”．评委看了他们的答案，听了他们之间的对话后说：你们三人的答案中只有一人是正确的，你们三人的对话中只有一人说对了．根据以上信息，面试问题答案正确的考生为_______．【答案】甲【解析】分析：利用反证法对每个人的说法进行分析、排除可得结论．详解：①当甲的答案正确时，则甲的说法错误，乙、丙的说法有一个正确，符合题意．故甲的答案正确．②当乙的答案正确时，则乙的说法正确，甲、丙的说法不正确，与符合题意矛盾．故乙的答案不正确．③当丙的答案正确时，则丙的说法正确，甲、乙的说法不正确，与符合题意矛盾．故丙的答案不正确．综上可得甲的答案正确．点睛：本题考查演绎推理的应用，解答类似问题的常用方法是反证法，即假设每个说法都正确，通过推理看是否能得到矛盾，经过逐步排除可得结果．标原点），若抛物线上存在一点，其中，使过点的切线，则切线在轴的截距为_____．【答案】-1【解析】根据与切线垂直列方程求出点坐标，从而得出切线的方程，得出截距．【详解】由题意可得：，由可得，∴直线的斜率为，直线的斜率为．∵切线，∴．结合．解得，不妨设，则直线的方程为，即．∴直线在轴的截距为﹣1．故答案为：﹣1．【点睛】本题考查了抛物线的性质，切线的求解，直线位置关系的判断，属于中档题．三、解答题17．在中，角，，的对边分别是，，.已知.（Ⅰ）求角的值；（Ⅱ）若，，求的面积.【答案】（I）；（II）【解析】（Ⅰ）由，利用正弦定理以及两角和与差的正弦公式可得，结合角的范围可得结果；（Ⅱ）由余弦定理可得，求出的值，利用三角形面积公式可得结果. 【详解】 （Ⅰ）∵，∴由正弦定理可得，， 因为，∴，∴.∵，∴.（Ⅱ）∵，∴，∵，∴，∴.【点睛】本题主要考查正弦定理、余弦定理及两角和与差的正弦公式，属于中档题.对余弦定理一定要熟记两种形式：（1）；（2），同时还要熟练掌握运用两种形式的条件.另外，在解与三角形、三角函数有关的问题时，还需要记住等特殊角的三角函数值，以便在解题中直接应用.18．某商场营销人员进行某商品的市场营销调查时发现，每回馈消费者一定的点数，该商品每天的销量就会发生一定的变化，经过试点统计得到以下表： 反馈点数t 1 2 3 4 5 销量（百件）/天 0.50.611.41.7（Ⅰ）经分析发现，可用线性回归模型ˆˆ0.08ybt =+拟合当地该商品销量y （千件）与返还点数t 之间的相关关系.试预测若返回6个点时该商品每天的销量；（Ⅱ）若节日期间营销部对商品进行新一轮调整.已知某地拟购买该商品的消费群体十分庞大，经营销调研机构对其中的200名消费者的返点数额的心理预期值进行了一个抽样调查，得到如下一份频数表：将对返点点数的心理预期值在[1,3)和[11,13]的消费者分别定义为“欲望紧缩型”消费者和“欲望膨胀型”消费者，现采用分层抽样的方法从位于这两个区间的30名消费者中随机抽取6名，再从这6人中随机抽取3名进行跟踪调查，求抽出的3人中至少有1名“欲望膨胀型”消费者的概率. 【答案】(Ⅰ) 2千件(Ⅱ)0.8【解析】（Ⅰ）求出样本中心点，再代入回归方程得解，把t=6代入回归方程预测若返回6个点时该商品每天的销量；（Ⅱ）利用古典概型的概率公式求抽出的3人中至少有1名“欲望膨胀型”消费者的概率. 【详解】 （Ⅰ）易知123450.50.61 1.4 1.73, 1.0455t y ++++++++====，所以1.04=3b +0.08， 所以0.32b =.则y 关于t 的线性回归方程为0.320.08y t =+，当6t =时， 2.00y =，即返回6个点时该商品每天销量约为2千件.（Ⅱ）设从“欲望膨胀型”消费者中抽取x 人，从“欲望紧缩型”消费者中抽取y 人， 由分层抽样的定义可知6301020x y==，解得2,4x y == 在抽取的6人中，2名“欲望膨胀型”消费者分别记为12,A A ，4名“欲望紧缩型”消费者分别记为1234,,,B B B B ，则所有的抽样情况共20种，其中至少有1名“欲望膨胀型”消费者的情况有16种。

2019届甘肃省兰州第一中学高三9月月考英语试题（解析版）说明：试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。

第I卷（选择题）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWe’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers (票贩子), or purchasing line-cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service).Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served, have an egalitarian (平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it’s the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank: “Your call will be answered in the orderin which it was received.” This is essential for the morals of the queue. It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.But don’t take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people’s calls are answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to “score” incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non-marketways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors’ offices, and national parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.1. According to the author, which of the following seems governed by th e principle “First come, first served”?A. Taking buses.B. Buying houses.C. Flying with an airline.D. Visiting amusement parks.2. The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates ______.A. the necessity of patience in queuingB. the advantage of modern technologyC. the uncertainty of allocation principleD. the fairness of telephonic services3. The passage is meant to ______.A. justify paying for faster servicesB. discuss the morals of allocating thingsC. analyze the reason for standing in lineD. criticize the behavior of queue jumping【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是一篇议论文，题材是生活中购物、买票等时的插队问题，作者通过举例、道理分析来解读道德和市场的平衡问题。

兰州一中2018-2019-1学期高三年级期中考试试题英语说明：本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。

满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。

第I卷选择题（共两节，满分70分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

APhiladelphia offers a ton of attractions that are suitable for people of every age and here are some family—friendly attractions.Spruce Street Harbor ParkSpruce Street Harbor Park, one of the best urban beaches in America, is an outdoor heaven on the Delaware River waterfront. Visitors can relax in a hammock, play on the playgrounds, and play games like table tennis and giant chess. Don't miss out on the park at night, when colorful LED lights hanging from treetops make the entire area bright.Blue Cross RiverRinkOffering ice skating in the winter and roller skating in the summer, Blue Cross RiverRink creates a fun, outdoor experience for the whole family. Visitors can play on the nine-hole mini-golf course during the summer, and enjoy eats and drinks from the on-site bar and restaurant all year round.Sesame PlaceBig Bird, Elmo and the other stars of Sesame Street come out and play at Sesame Place, the only theme park in the nation starring the popular TV show's most lovable characters. A water park, interactive activities, parades, fireworks and shows add to the fun.Once Upon a Nation Storytelling BenchesOn summer days, uniformed and professional storytellers at 13 storytelling benches throughout Philadelphia's Historic District entertain visitors with true, free, three-to-five minute tales about the colonial era as part of Once Upon a Nation. Children can pick up a Story Flag at any storytelling bench, and then collect a star from every storyteller on their journeys. Flags with all the stars can get free rides on the Parx Liberty Carousel at Franklin Square.1.Who would most probably go to Spruce Street Harbor Park?A.People who are fond of colorful treetops.B.People who want a relaxing day outdoors.C.People who have a preference for skating.D.People who are interested in water activities.2.Which place would fans of Big Bird be interested in?A.Sesame Place.B. Blue Cross RiverRink.C. Spruce Street Harbor Park.D. The Parx Liberty Carousel.3. What can we know about Philadelphia Storytelling Benches?A. It can be visited all year round.B. It is available at a small charge.C. It has educational significance.D. It is aimed at serving the public.4. What is the text aimed at?A. Telling what we can do in some places.B. Encouraging people to visit Philadelphia.C. Recommending some places for family fun.D. Comparing some attractions in Philadelphia.BA company has just launched what it calls “the world’s first free standardized English test”recently. Anyone can take the test for free. The new exam is called the EFSET, which is short for Education First Standardized English Test. The company, Education First, is known by the letters EF.It is estimated that there are two billion English language learners worldwide. Many of them are interested in attending an American college or university. To do so, foreign students need to take the Test of English as a Foreign Language—better known as TOEFL. However, many foreigners are not wealthy enough to take the TOEFL. In addition, test-takers often have to travel overnight to reach an official testing site. The World Bank says an average Cambodian worker earns only about $1,000 per year. Approximately the cost of taking the TOEFL is 17.5 percent of the average worker’s yearly wage.It is not just individuals who find the test pricey. Some governments also find it prohibitive. What’s more, not everyone needs official results from the TOEFL or IELTS—the International English Language Testing System. In the future, it’s likely that the government may use the EFSET to test millions of employees and students.Experts believe that the EFSET meets the highest value in language testing. It uses special computer software that makes the questions easier or harder, depending on one’s performance. The EFSET measures all the English learners’ levels while the IELTS and TOEFL only measure learners’ levels from intermediate to advanced. The EFSET is unique in the sense that it gives free online access to anyone interested in measuring their English level.There is a 50-minute and a two-hour version of the test, which its developers are calling the EFSET Plus. Both versions test only reading and listening skills. It’s hopeful that speaking and writing skills will be tested in the future. The IELTS and the TOEFL still use humans to rate the speaking and writing sections. It’s a huge deal for students who are in areas where they can’t get to the TOEFL or the IELTS. However, it is too early to know whether the EFSET results are acceptable for colleges and universities in America.5.Why do many foreign students take the TOEFL?A. To learn English well.B. To be admitted to key universities.C. To receive further education in America.D. To find good jobs and earn much money.6. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Only wealthy people can take the TOEFL.B. The cost of taking the TOEFL is very high.C. There are many official testing sites for the TOEFL around the world.D. Few of the students in Cambodia can afford to take the TOEFL.7. What can we learn about the EFSET?A. It is similar to the TOEFL and the IELTS.B. Everybody with different English levels can take it for free.C. It tests the skills of reading, listening, writing and speaking.D. American universities accept the EFSET results for admission.CResearchers have created a backpack that has a computer and medicines in it that can help even untrained soldiers save the lives of wounded troops. Wounded soldiers have a better chance of survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic. But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured friends.Doctors and engineers have developed what they call an “intelligent backpack”. It has a computer and electronic measuring devices. The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to give to injured troops.About 16 doctors and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University and several other places are working on the project. The U. S. Department of Defense has given money to the project.Ron Poropatich leads the project. He is a retired army surgeon. He says the backpack will help soldiers care for those who are injured. The devices included in the backpack can monitor a person’s heart rate and blood pressure. The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.The intelligent backpack’s computer can compare information gathered about the injured soldier with thousands of similar cases, and quickly tell the best methods to use to save the soldier’s life.Sometimes, it is not always possible to quickly remove the injured soldier from the battlefield. So, Dr. Poropatich says, the researchers hope to create a backpack that will have devices that can keep a soldier alive for a long time. Dr. Poropatich hopes the backpack and its instruments will be ready for testing animals in about three years.8. We can learn from Paragraph 1 _________.A. most of the soldiers can’t use the backpack correctlyB. soldiers should have taken medical trainingC. war or battle has brought harm to the worldD. the backpack can play a big part in the battlefield9. How many kinds of items are mentioned in the backpack?A. 3B. 4C. 2D. 510. According to Ron Poropatich, we know that ________.A. the injurer's heart disease can be curedB. the devices can adjust soldiers’ blood pressureC. the robotic instruments can monitor lungsD. the project got support from the whole world11. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Emergency Medical Care in a Backpack.B. Robotic Devices Used in the Battlefield.C. Medical Care Tested on the Wounded Soldiers.D. Researchers and Their Wonderful Discovery.DTo be honest, I do not know Sybrina Fulton. Nor can I claim to understand the depth of her pain. Yet, we share a deep connection. A common feature experienced by those women who facethe challenge of raising a Black male child in a nation that far too often views Black male bodies through fear. You see, Ms. Fulton is living my nightmare (噩梦). A constant worry that has stayed in the back of my mind since the birth of my eldest son, some sixteen years ago.Through the years, I have witnessed the world’s reaction to my son evolve as he has grown from a small boy to a young man. In his early years, his easy smile and lovable character were nothing less than magnetic (有磁性的). Complete strangers would approach him in the street, draw him into conversation, and find themselves easily struck by his lively spirit. Even at that time I worried, how would my son react when in the years to come some of those who found themselves so impressed by this cute, intelligent boy, might grasp their purse tighter as he walked by.Over the years I have sought to protect his spirit from the hurt that comes from undeserved hatred. I have also sought to arm him with the knowledge that could one day save his life. He knows, for example, that if he is ever pulled over by the police, that he is to keep both hands on the wheel at all times and only reach for his license when the officer is specifically observing his actions. He knows, even in less threatening situations, that rough play and loud interactions with his buddies of any color will be viewed very differently when he does it, than when his white friends display the very same behavior. Still, the truth of the matter is, no amount of advice or voiceless behavior overcomes the physical, immovable fact of the color of his skin. His intelligence, easy smile, and lovable character won't protect him from unfounded assumptions of criminality.What makes the Trayvon Martin travesty (歪曲) of justice so painful to me, personally, is the knowledge that Trayvon’s mother loved her baby no less than I love mine. The various pictures of moments throughout a happy childhood that have now found a home on nationwide newscasts provides clear evidence of that. Yet no amount of love and care, and no words of advice could have saved her son from the cruel killing he faced at the hands of a self-appointed neighborhood watch-dog. And perhaps even worse, nothing could have prepared her for the inhuman way her son has been treated by officials even in death. To think for three long days, his parents searched for him while officials failed to inform them of his fate and instead, performed drug and alcohol tests on his lifeless body, while failing to do the same for his attacker—the only one of the two who indeed had a criminal past is frankly, unforgivable. To know that the words of her son's killer were given more weight than eye-witnesses and taped evidence of her child’s screams and eventual death must be heartbreaking. But to also have to live with the fact that his attacker still breathes free while her son lays buried underground is certainly more than any sorrowful parent should have to endure (忍受).It is this type of pain that is not unfamiliar to the Black experience in America, for this is the Black mothers’burden. A burden we have endured for centuries. Yet, there is still the rightful expectation, that in modern-day America, the wheels of justice would not be stopped.So today, it is my hope that Trayvon’s mother, father, family and friends can take some comfort in the fact that millions of Americans of every color stand with them in their fight for justice. This is a burden no family should have to endure alone.We will not give up. We will not forget. We will continue the fight until justice is done.12.What do you know about Sybrina Fulton?A. She was anxious about her son.B. She was painful to lose her son.C. She had trouble in raising her son.D. She had the same dream as the writer.13. By “keep both hands on the wheel at all times” in Paragraph 3, the writer means her sonshould __________.A. get ready to resistB. remain where he isC. pretend to be scaredD. show his innocence14. From the story of Trayvon Martin, we can infer that __________.A. he was killed simply because of his color of skinB. he was accused of taking drug even after his deathC. he kept silent even when he was being attackedD. the police failed to find strong evidence against the attacker15. The article is mainly intended to ______.A. draw attention to the facts about killingsB. give comfort to the victims' familiesC. appeal for the end to the terrible situationD. display hatred for terrible phenomena第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

兰州一中2018-2019-1学期高三年级期中考试试题英语试题说明：本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。

满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。

第I卷选择题（共两节，满分70分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

APhiladelphia offers a ton of attractions that are suitable for people of every age and here are some family—friendly attractions.Spruce Street Harbor ParkSpruce Street Harbor Park, one of the best urban beaches in America, is an outdoor heaven on the Delaware River waterfront. Visitors can relax in a hammock, play on the playgrounds, and play games like table tennis and giant chess. Don't miss out on the park at night, when colorful LED lights hanging from treetops make the entire area bright.Blue Cross RiverRinkOffering ice skating in the winter and roller skating in the summer, Blue Cross RiverRink creates a fun, outdoor experience for the whole family. Visitors can play on the nine-hole mini-golf course during the summer, and enjoy eats and drinks from the on-site bar and restaurant all year round.Sesame PlaceBig Bird, Elmo and the other stars of Sesame Street come out and play at Sesame Place, the only theme park in the nation starring the popular TV show's most lovable characters. A water park, interactive activities, parades, fireworks and shows add to the fun.Once Upon a Nation Storytelling BenchesOn summer days, uniformed and professional storytellers at 13 storytelling benches throughout Philadelphia's Historic District entertain visitors with true, free, three-to-five minute tales about the colonial era as part of Once Upon a Nation. Children can pick up a Story Flag at any storytelling bench, and then collect a star from every storyteller on their journeys. Flags with all the stars can get free rides on the Parx Liberty Carousel at Franklin Square.1. Who would most probably go to Spruce Street Harbor Park?A. People who are fond of colorful treetops.B. People who want a relaxing day outdoors.C. People who have a preference for skating.D. People who are interested in water activities.2. Which place would fans of Big Bird be interested in?A. Sesame Place.B. Blue Cross RiverRink.C. Spruce Street Harbor Park.D. The Parx Liberty Carousel.3. What can we know about Philadelphia Storytelling Benches?A. It can be visited all year round.B. It is available at a small charge.C. It has educational significance.D. It is aimed at serving the public.4. What is the text aimed at?A. Telling what we can do in some places.B. Encouraging people to visit Philadelphia.C. Recommending some places for family fun.D. Comparing some attractions in Philadelphia.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C【解析】【分析】本文为广告类文章。

兰州一中2018—2019学年度高三年级5月月考试题英语试题本卷满分为120分，考试时间100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两小节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ADark Sky Parks around the WorldWarrumbungle National ParkSituated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Aust ralia’s only dark sky park, Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia’s largest optical telescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras(极光)，the Milky Way, and faint shooting stars.SarkSark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the World’s First Dark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies.A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.Pic du Midi de BigorrePic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark sky park in December 2013 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3.112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCO’s World Heritage site, Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyrenees, which was built in 1870, is one of the world’s highest museums at a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.Ramon Crater/Makhtesh RamonRamon Crater is a unique 1,100-square-kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the Middle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, planets, and the Milky Way.1. Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?A. Sark.B. Pic du Midi de Bigorre.C. Warrumbungle National Park.D. Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.2. What do we know about Sark from the passage?A. Not a single car runs there.B. It was an island belonging to Normandy.C. The Milky Way can only be seen there.D. Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.3. What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?A. High altitude.B. The large area.C. Geographical conditions.D. Cultural features.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C【解析】本文为应用文。

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