综合英语教程Book2 Unit 8 Beauty and Career47页PPT

(外教社)全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第八单元课后练习答案unit-8-book-2Unit8 Protecting Our Environment Part II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.In the midst of prosperous farms and beautiful fields in the central part of America.2.Foxes, deer, wild flowers and trees, migrant birds, trout and other fishes, etc.3.The roadsides were beautiful even in winter. Berries and seed heads of dried weeds rose above the snow, and birds came to feed on them.4.The migrant birds, and fish in the streams and pools.5.It was clear and cold.6.They built their houses, sank their wells, built their barns, and lived in perfect harmony with the wild life. The town remained beautiful and full of life for many years.7.She refers to the shadow of death. Chickens, cattle and sheep began to die of mysteriouskinds of maladiesPart Three: The cause of the maladiesPart Four: Though imagined, the tragedy may well become a reality and the authortells about her purpose in writing thebook.1.3. A strange blight crept over the area5. Animals stopped breeding and trees bore no fruitLanguage Sense Enhancement1.(1)heart(2)in harmony with (3)in the midst (4)prosperous(5)orchards(6)drifted(7)blaze(8)flickered(9)barked(10)mistsVocabulary I1.1)barking2)evil3)brooding; hatched4)migrant5)tragedies6)counterpart7)arecomplaining/co-mplain8)grim9)flocks;fed on10)vegetation11)patches12)Scoresof2.1)was lined with people who came to welcomethe distinguished foreign guests.2)the boss silenced all lively conversation inthe office.3)wearing a pair of sun glasses, the famousmovie star passed the crowed unnoticed.4)looked deserted.5)were stricken by it.3.1)patches; came into full bloom; werepuzzled; mysterious2)throbbed with; sickened; migrant; a chorus3)had crept into; flickered; the starkII.W ord Formation1.Compound wordsage-oldair forcedaughter-in-lawfirst-rategreenhousehalf brotherice-creamlifelikelight yearsalespersonself-centeredthreefoldoverusestone-stillworldwide Chinese meaning古老的空军儿媳妇一流的温室同母异父兄弟；同父异母兄弟冰淇淋逼真的光年售货员；推销员以自己为中心的，自私的三倍过度使用石头似的一动不动全世界范围的；在世界范围内2.1)poverty-stricken people 2)heart-breaking news3)newly-built database4)well-fed kids5)successful spacewalk 6)peace-loving people7)need-based scholarships8)color-blind peopleIII.Confusable Words1.lyingidyin5.liey7.lieyy10.liesComprehensive Exercises I.cloze1.(1)spell(2)stricken(3)misfortunes(4)surroundings(5)blossom/bloom(6)migrant(7)deserted (8)silence(9)sickened(10)hatch(11)puzzled(12)in harmony with2.(1)rate(2)publication(3)dangerous(4)banned(5)export(6)profit(7)accept (8)comprehend(9)boundaries(10)ultimatelyII.T ranslation1.1)This is a prosperous town, but there is stillpoverty in the midst of wealth andabundance.2)The Brown family was stricken with onemisfortune after another, but their childrennever complained.3)The museum is designed in such a way thatit stands in perfect harmony with itssurroundings.4)It was a miracle that these flowers did notwither at all in the blazing sun.5)Flocks of sheep feed on the patches ofvegetation that rise above the winter snow. 2.This village was once famous for its beautiful natural surroundings. All the yearround, the trees were green and the flowers in bloom. Clear streams flowed out of the hills through a checkerboard of rice fields. Birds sang all day, and deer came and went in a leisurely manner. However, with the coming of DDT and other pesticides, an evil spell seemed to have settled over the village. Misfortunes came one after another. Chicken died suddenly, cattle and sheep were stricken by mysterious maladies, and farmers complained about a sickening feeling that puzzled the village doctor. The village square, once throbbing with life, was now deserted.。

英专综合教程2第⼆版unit8Word教案Section One Pre-reading Activities (2)I. Audiovisual supplement (2)II. Cultural information (2)Section Two Global Reading (3)I Text analysis (3)II Structural analysis (3)Section Three Detailed Reading (4)Text I (4)Section Four Consolidation Activities (15)I . Vocabulary Analysis (15)II Grammar Exercises (18)III. Translation exercises (20)IV Exercises for integrated skills (21)V Oral activities (21)VI Writing Practice (23)VII Listening Exercises (24)Section Five Further Enhancement (26)I. Text II (26)II. Memorable Quotes (29)Section One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementWatch the video and answer the following questions.1. Where was the place in the video?2. Is it possible that our planet will be like this in the future? Why?（插⼊视频）Answers to the Questions:1. The earth. But not the same earth where we are living now. In the video, there were rubbish and dust everywhere. And the city may have been abandoned, because there was nobody on the street but a robot.2. It‘s quite possible. Human beings have caused too many troubles to the Earth: air and water pollution, energy crisis, global warming, etc.Script:Singing: Close your eyes and see it listen, Barnaby. Listen, Barnaby! Put on your Sunday clothes.There‘s lots of world out there. Get out the brilliantine and dime cigars. We‘re gonna find adventure in the evening air. Girls in white in a perfumed night where the lights are bright as the stars. Put on your Sunday clothes. We‘re gonna ride through town in one of those new horsedrawn open cars. We‘ll see the shows at Delmonico‘s. And we‘ll close the town in a whirl. And we won‘t come home until we‘ve kissed a girl ...II. Cultural information1. Global warmingGlobal warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth?s near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. Most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the 20th century was caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, which results from human activity such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation.An increase in global temperature will cause sea levels to rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, probably including expansion of subtropical deserts. Warming is expected to be strongest in the Arctic and would be associated with continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely effects include changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, species extinctions, and changes in agricultural yields.（插⼊图⽚global warming）Section Two Global ReadingI Text analysis1.From which perspectives does the text address the issue of global warming?The text addresses the issue from three perspectives — the general public concern, its causes and consequences, and practical actions to tackle the problem.2.What‘s the author‘s purpose of writing?To raise people‘s consciousness of the potential dangers of global warming, and to suggest some actions to combat it.II Structural analysis2. Figure out the sub-ideas in the second part.1) the causes of the rising concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Paragraphs 3 and4)2) the effect of such concentration on climate change (Paragraphs 5 and 6)3) the potential threat of global warming to human health and survival (Paragraph 7)Section Three Detailed ReadingText IFocus on Global WarmingJohn Weier1Twenty-five years ago if you made a trip to the local library and perused the periodical section for articles on global warming, you’d probably have come up with only a few abstracts from hardcore science journals or maybe a blurb in some esoteric geopolitical magazine. As an Internet search on global warming now attests, the subject has become as rooted in our public consciousness as Madonna2 or microwave cooking.12Perhaps all this attention is deserved. With the possible exception of another world war, giant asteroid, or an incurable plague, global warming may be the single largest threat to our planet.2For decades human factories and cars have spewed billions of tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and the climate has begun to show some signs of warming. Many see this as a harbinger of what is to come.3If we don’t curb our greenhouse gas emissions, then low-lying nations could be awash in seawater, rain and drought patterns across the world could change, hurricanes could become more frequent, and El Ninos could become more intense.Our Warming Planet3What has worried many people now is that over the past 250 years humans have been artificially raising the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Our factories, power plants, and cars burn coal and gasoline and spit out a seemingly endless stream of carbon dioxide. We produce millions of pounds of methane by allowing our trash to decomposein landfills and by breeding large herds of methane-belching cattle.Nitrogen-based fertilizers, which we use on nearly all our crops, release unnatural amounts of nitrogen oxide into the atmosphere.4Once these carbon-based greenhouse gases get into the atmosphere, they stay there for decades or longer. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) since the industrial revolution, carbon dioxide levels have increased 31 percent and methane levels have increased 151 percent. Paleoclimate readings taken from fossil records show that these gases, two of the most abundant greenhouse gases, are at their highest levels in the past 420,000 years. Many scientists fear that the increased concentrations of greenhouse gases have prevented additional thermal radiation from leaving the Earth. In essence, these gases are trapping excess heat in the Earth’s atmosphere in much the same way that a windshield traps solar energy that enters a car.45Much of the available climate data appear to back these fears.5Temperature data gathered from many different sources all across the globe show that the surface temperature of the Earth, which includes the lower atmosphere and the surface of the ocean, has risen dramatically over several decades. Worldwide measurements of sea level show a rise of 0.1 to 0.2 meters over the last century. That’s an increase of roughly 1℃every 4,000 years. Readings gathered from glaciers reveal a steady recession of the world’scontinental glaciers. Taken together, all of these data suggest that over the last century the planet has experienced the largest increase in surface temperature in 1,000 years.6Not surprisingly, many scientists speculate that such changes in the climate will probably result in hotter days and fewer cool days.6According to the IPCC, land surface areas will increase in temperature over the summer months much more than the ocean.The mid-latitude to high-latitude regions in the Northern Hemisphere — areas such as the Continental United States, Canada, and Siberia — will likely warm the most. These regions could exceed mean global warming by as much as 40 percent.7As far as human health is concerned, those hit hardest will probably be residents of poorer countries that do not have the funds to fend against changes in climate.7 A slight increase in heat and rain in equatorial regions would likely spark an increase in vector-borne diseases such as malaria. More intense rains and hurricanes could cause more severe flooding and more deaths in coastal regions and along riverbeds. Even a moderate rise in sea level could threaten the coastlines of low-lying islands such as the Maldives. All across the globe, hotter summers could lead to more cases of heatstroke and deaths among those who are vulnerable, such as older people with heart problems. The warmer temperatures may also lead to higher levels of near-surface ozone from cars and factories, which would likely cause more perilous air quality days and hospital admissions for those with respiratory problems.Taking Actions8Fortunately, we can take actions to slow down global warming.8Global warming results primarily from human activities that release heat-trapping gases and particles into the air. The most important causes include the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, gas, and oil, and deforestation. To reduce the emission of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxides, we can curb our consumption of fossil fuels, use technologies that reduce the amount of emissions wherever possible, and protect the forests in the world.9We can also do things to mitigate the impacts of global warming and adapt to those most likely to occur,9 e.g., through careful planning and other strategies that reduce our vulnerability to global warming.10But we can’t stop there. We are also advocating policies that will combat global warming over the long term, things like clean cars that run on alternative fuels, environmentally responsible renewable energy technologies, and stopping the clear-cutting of valuable forests.11Clearly, global warming is a huge problem. It will take everyone —governments, industry, communities and individuals working together to make a real difference.Fortunately you can be part of them.Paragraphs 1-2Questions1. Why have people shown increasing concern about global warming? (Paragraph 2)The answer lies in the second paragraph: it is a harbinger of what is to come — the threat to low-lying nations, change of rainand drought patterns, frequent hurricanes and intense ElNinos.Words and Expressions1. peruse vt. to read through something, especially in order to find the part you are interested ine.g. He opened a newspaper and began to peruse the personal ads.Derivation:perusal n.e.g. a brief perusalHe sent a copy of the report to the governors for their perusal.2. periodical n. a publication that appears at fixed intervals, esp. one of a serious kinde.g. She has written for several legal periodicals.Derivation:period n.periodic a. occurring or appearing at (esp. regular) intervals 定期的，周期的periodically ad.3. come up with to think of an idea, plan, reply, etc.e.g. No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.The scientists are beating their brains trying to come up with a solution to the problem.4. attest vt. / vi. to demonstrate, to declare to be truee.g. The luxurious furnishings attested to the family‘s wealth.The perfection of their design is attested by the fact that they have survived for thousands of years. Collocation:attest (to) sth.Derivation:attestation n.5. consciousness n.1) the condition of being awake and understanding what is happeninge.g. When will the patient regain his consciousness?The blow caused him to lose consciousness.2) all the ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc. of a person or peoplee.g. Love for freedom runs deep in the national consciousness.This experience helped to change her social consciousness.Collocation:consciousness of sth. / that … awareness of sth. / that …e.g. Her consciousness that she‘s different makes her feel uneasy.regain / recover consciousness 恢复意识，恢复知觉lose consciousness 失去意识，失去知觉Antonym:unconsciousnesssubconscious a.潜意识的conscience n.良⼼conscientious a.（指⼈或⾏为）认真的，尽责的1. Our ______ mind registers things which our ______ mind is not aware of. (subconscious, conscious)2. My brother is a ______ student. (conscientious)3. My ______ would really trouble me if I wore a fur coat. (conscience)6. deserve vt. to be worthy ofe.g. I‘m glad she got the first prize at the English Speech Contest — she thoroughly deserved it.I said some cruel things to him, but he deserved it for the way he treated me.Derivation:deserving a.e.g. The money is only given to the most deserving cases — to the people who need it most.His efforts are certainly deserving of praise.7. threat n. a strong possibility that something very bad will happene.g. With so many new offices being built in the city, a lot of archaeological remains are under threat. Drunken drivers pose a serious threat to other road users.Collocation:be under threat of sth.e.g. She left the country under threat of arrest if she returned.Derivation:threaten v.threatening a.8. with the exception of except, not includinge.g. I think every student, with the exception of Helen, will pass the exam.With the exception of gold, the surfaces of metals are never observed but only their oxides. Collocation: without exceptionhave no exceptionexception to sth.make an exception9. spew vt. to pour out, esp. quickly and violentlye.g. One engine of the plane caught fire and spewed black smoke.He spewed forth what he had recently learned about the true facts.spew sth. up: to vomit10. harbinger n. something that indicates or foreshadows what is to comee.g. The crowing of the rooster is a harbinger of dawn.Frost is a harbinger of winter.Collocation:harbinger of sb. / sth.11. curb vt. to stop something that is harmfule.g. This government has made pioneering strides towards curbing air pollution.The only way to curb the spread of the disease is by immunizing the entire population.12. emission n. the act of sending forth; dischargee.g. The Green Party have called for a substantial reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases by the UK. Derivation:emit v.e.g. The alarm emits infra-red rays which are used to detect any intruder.The machine emits a high-pitched sound when you press the button.Activity: DiscussionWhat kind of periodical do you usually peruse? Why do you like that periodical? What thoughts do you come up with after reading that periodical? Share your favorite periodical with your groupSentences1. As Internet search on global warming now attests, the subject has become as rooted in our public consciousness as Madonna or microwave cooking. (Paragraph 1)Paraphrase: An Internet search on global warming proves that the subject has got fixed in people‘s mind, just like Madonna or microwave cooking.Translation: ⽽今因特⽹上搜索的结果⾜以证明，全球⽓候变暖这个话题就像麦当娜和微波炉烹饪⼀样深⼊⼈⼼。

大学英语综合教程2UNIT8environmental cancer run against the grain either________ ________ ________ ________ environment cataract contemporary proposition________ ________ ________ ________ sensitivity plankton worship consumption________ ________ ________ ________ belief reality to the point of come through ________ ________ ________ ________ democracy speculative excess in part________ ________ ________ ________ conflicting consequence organism dependence________ ________ ________ ________ conflict deadly spiritual ridiculous________ ________ ________ ________ proposal melt nothing more than sentimentalism ________ ________ ________ ________ restriction urgent sentimental deny________ ________ ________ ________ regulation universal selective attainable________ ________ ________ ________in the name of unashamedly Bengali attain________ ________ ________ ________ distinguish man-centered jungle disrupt________ ________ ________ ________ regardless call for current breeding ground ________ ________ ________ ________ fundamental on the grounds of debate breed________ ________ ________ ________ environmentalism self-preservation rage reindeer________ ________ ________ ________ combat sentimentalize wildlife Arctic________ ________ ________ ________ ecological creature refuge mate________ ________ ________ ________ atmosphere resistance work one’s way similarly________ ________ ________ ________ ozone voter congress owl________ ________ ________ ________ layer vote exploration aesthetic________ ________ ________ ________ reduction snail darter conserve livelihood________ ________ ________ ________（自然）环境的癌，恶性肿瘤与…格格不入；违反意愿只能两者选择其一的________ ________ ________ ________环境白内障当代的，现代的提议；命题________ ________ ________ ________敏感（性）浮游生物崇拜，崇敬消费（量）________ ________ ________ ________信念；相信现实；真实达到…的程度经历；从…活下来________ ________ ________ ________民主（制度）猜测性的，推测的过渡，无节制在某种程度上；部分地________ ________ ________ ________不一致的，冲突的后果，结果生物体，有机体依靠，依赖________ ________ ________ ________冲突vi. 致命的，毁灭性的精神的；非物质的可笑的，荒谬的________ ________ ________ ________提议，建议融化，溶化无异于；只不过感情用事；多愁善感________ ________ ________ ________限制；限制性规定紧急的；急迫的感情用事的；多愁善感的不给；不准________ ________ ________ ________规章；规定全世界的；普遍的选择的；有选择性的可达到的；可得到的________ ________ ________ ________以…为由坦然地，满不在乎地孟加拉人；孟加拉语达到；取得________ ________ ________ ________区别，辨别以人为中心的杂乱无章的事物；丛林使陷于混乱；干扰________ ________ ________ ________不顾一切地；无论如何要求当前的，现在的动物繁殖的地方________ ________ ________ ________基本的，根本的因为；以…为理由辩论，争论繁殖；产________ ________ ________ ________环境保护论；环境论自我保护激烈的进行驯鹿________ ________ ________ ________斗争，战斗感情用事地对待野生动植物北极（的），北极圈（的）________ ________ ________ ________生态的；生态学的生物庇护所；避难处（使）交配________ ________ ________ ________大气；气氛反对，反抗设法抵达；努力达到目标同样地，相同地________ ________ ________ ________臭氧投票者，选举人国会；立法机关猫头鹰________ ________ ________ ________层投票选举勘查，探测；探索美学的；美感的；美的________ ________ ________ ________减少蜗牛鱼保护，保存生计________ ________ ________ ________logging accommodate lesser moderate________ ________ ________ ________log fate pollutant concern________ ________ ________ ________ distinction bind generatorframe________ ________ ________ ________ charge e.g. fatal frame of mind ________ ________ ________ ________ well-being atmospheric ecosystem humanistic________ ________ ________ ________ accommodate threat________ ________106 words伐木业适应；容纳n. 较小的，更少的，次要的适中的；适度的________ ________ ________ ________砍伐；伐（木）命运；结局污染物有利害关系的事；担忧________ ________ ________ ________区别，差别捆；将…绑在一起发电机状态；框架________ ________ ________ ________被照顾的人例如致命的；毁灭性的心绪；心境________ ________ ________ ________幸福；福祉大气的生态系统人本主义的________ ________ ________ ________适应新的情况；迁就威胁________ ________106 单词。

全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）课后答案unit1-unit8Key to Exercises (unit 1)V ocabulary:I. 1). respectable 2) .agony 3). put down 4). sequence 4). rigid5). hold back 6). distribute 7). off and on 8). vivid9). associate 10). finally 11). turn in 12). tackle2. 1) has been assign ed to the newspaper’s Paris office2) was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not3) a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time4) gave the command the soldiers opened fire5) buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out3. 1) reputation/rigid / to inspire 2) and tedious / what’s more / out of date ideas3) compose / career / avoid showing / hardly hold backII. 1). composed 2). severe 3) agony 4). extraordinary5). recall 6). command7). was violating 8). anticipateIII. 1. at 2. for 3. of 4. with5. as6. about7. to8. in9. from 10. on/uponComprehensive Exercises(A)(1) hold back (2) tedious (3) scanned (4) recall(5) vivid (6) off and on (7) turn out/in (8) career(B)(1) last (2) surprise (3) pulled (4) blowing (5) dressed (6) scene(7) extraordinary (8)image (9)turn (11) excitementII. Translation1) As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2) His girlfriend advised him to get rid of /get out of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3) Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4) It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5) It is reported that government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never be able to walk again.One day, while scanning （through）some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she , too, would finally be able to lead a useful life.Key to exercises Unit 2I.Vocabulary :1. 1) absolutely 2) available 3) every now and then4) are urging/ urged 5) destination6) mostly 7) hangs out 8) right away 9) reunion10)or something 11)estimate12) going ahead2.1) It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.2) He was completely chocked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.3) She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.4) Something has come up and I am afraid i won't be able to accomplish the project on time.5) The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.3.1) were postponed ... the awful ...is estimated2) reference ... not available ... am kind of3) not much of a teacher... skips...go headII.1.to;2. for;3. at;4. from;5. in;6. to;7. on;8.withIII.1). more or less; 2). kind of/ sort of3). Something 4). kind of/ sort of5). more or less 6). or somethingComprehensive Exercises:I. (A) 1) choked up 2) awful 3) practically 4) neighborhood5) correspondence 6) available 7) destination8) reunion 9) Mostly 10)postponing 11) absolutely(B) 1) how 2)savings 3) embarrassment 4) phone5)interrupted6)touch 7)envelope 8) signed 9) message10) neededII. Translation1.1) Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.22) Mary loo ks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3) Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4) He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.5) Since I graduated from nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.2. It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away. This is certainly true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old meighborhood and all the friends I had there. I've been meaning to write to them but something or other comes up and I just don't seem to find the time. They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in future.Key to Unit 3:V ocabulary:I:1) brief 2) in terms of 3) cut…off 4) tend 5) anyway6) precise 7)in the form of8) initiative 9) convey 10) in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp1.1) …has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final.2) ….medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescure the dying.3)…..entertain as well as educate the learner.4) ….can do wi thout air and water.5)… is likely to be held in June2.1) lies in ….contact between2) basis of ….is likely….sufficient ….at the moment3) the steady ….ensures…will be highlyII.1. regained2. undecided3. undersupplied4. disabled….5. precondition6. foresight7. mispronounced8. enrichIII.1.略2.1) majority 2) accepted 3) increased 4) weakness 5) local/regional6) late 7) wrong 8) falseComprehensive Exercises:I.Cloze(A)1) highly; 2) bring about 3) evident 4）rate 5) sufficient; 6) put across 7) proportion 8) Hence,9) ensure..p ut across;…proportion; ….Hence;….ensure;….audience…(B)1)understand 2) tracel 3) practical 4) use 5) Another 6) likely 7) affect 8) developments 9)supply 10) SomedayII.Translation:1.1) As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2) Competition for these jobs is very tough ---- we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3) As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development.4) The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5) To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2.It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life. The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back.UNIT 4/doc/567735136.htmlnguage sense enhancement.passed away grew in stature proud route values and principle above all bottom tiny giant balance sheets2.V ocabulary.wreck balance approaching handle discard Above all diet do with checked on clean up weekly principle3.Rewrite sentences.<1> to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the peoplein the sunken ship had died.<2> was amazed that bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world.<3> for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she couldprovide no guarantee.<4>express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.<5> will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time./doc/567735136.htmlplete the sentences.4for sale hunting for be amazed bybecome skilled handle their loanscharacter by calling on he passes away5.Confusable words.personal personnel / sometime sometimes some time sometime6.Euphemismd e h c g a b f7.Cloze.sponsored determination turned away assumed capacity skilled loan character hunting for sale send for save recent modest grow dream immigrant business engineering invest rich8.Translation.<1> It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will beacceptable to both sides.<2> Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.<3> Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can betaken to protect life and property.<4> I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious toamuse myself reading it.<5> Helen lacks confidence. I’ve never known an yone so unsure of herself.TranslationAfter graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business. At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing achievement, T ony puts great emphasis on the importance of creating, rather than waiting for opportunities.UNIT 5V ocabulary:1.monthly,2.acquaintances,3.classic,4.look in the eye5.manufacured6. options7. finance8. replacement9. survived 10. pick out 11. married 12. grabbed atRewrite:1.survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2.almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3.of the Children’s Hospi tal will care for the seriously injured pupils./4.several phone calls making inquiries about the position of Chief Financial Officer.5.straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.Complete:1.injury, died of hunger, people survived2.instantly, give up his, retire, replace him, executive3.his beloved, odd jobs, and all thatSuffixation:1. embarrassment2. survivors, 3 newly, 4. marketable5. monthly6. competition,7.conceivable8. respectableUsage:1. the poor, 2 the deceased\the dead 3. the disabled4. the French , 5 the accused 6. the young.7. the unemployed 8 the latter….the formerCloze:1. died of2. instantly, 3 classic, 4. ask around,5. surviving 6 . retire 7. executive, 8 replacement9 stock 10 look in the eye1 impressed2 diligence3 instead4 contrary5 professionally6 perform7 personal8 balance9 commitment 10 revealedTranslation:1.I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter----you’d better ask around.2.Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on thewall.3.Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4.As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5.We small r etailers can’t compete with supermarkets inpricing and sales.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm. He works six days a week. Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights. However, he tries his best to balance/maintain a balance between work and family. On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can. To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dishes and plays ball with us.Unit 6Translation：1) Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2) Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you (for it).3) At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4) The management has/ have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5) It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the home a thorough cleaning before we arrived.6Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to / Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study. From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.UNIT 6Key to Exercises (Unit 6)V ocabulary:1.I:1) fertile 2) reflected 3) overseas 4) slim 5) split 6) sustained7)glow8) thrust 9) keen 10)bud 11) previous 12) whichever2. 1) …of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2) …corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)….is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4) …was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5)… players grip the ball.31) to broaden … make their way2) disgusts ….take a chance on3) the grand … and overseas ….reflectedII. Usage1. 1). frightened 2). afraid/frightened2. 1). alike/similar 2) similar3. 1) alive 2)living4. 1)sleeping 2) asleepIII. word family1. 1) disappointed2) disappointment 3) disappointing4) disappoint 5) disappointingly 6) disappointing2.1)attractive 2) attract 3) attraction4) attractively 5) unattractively 6) unattractiveComprehensive Exercises:III.Cloze(C)(1)—(10) identifying, gripped, margins, corresponding, overseas, more than a little,hesitated, grateful, made my way, going my way(D)(1)---(10) first, ring, Nor, another, threw, deliberately,reasoned, himself, restaurant, matter IV.Translation:1.Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom whichimpressed me deeply.2.Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you (for it).3.At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving ourworking environment.4.The management has agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to unionpressure.5.It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to/ before his retirement,through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study. From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.Unit 7 Animal IntelligenceText A What Animals Really ThinkText OrganizationWorking on your ownDo the exercises and then compare your answers with a partner.1.The text is a piece of expository writing. As mentioned in Unit Three, the purpose ofexposition is to explain -- explain what a certainphenomenon means, how an operation works, etc. Now, think over what the author, Eugene Linden, wants to express here and write itdown.Eugene Linden wants to tell the reader that animals do have, at least, some limited intelligence, and the personal experiences of those who are in close contact with animals are more convincing evidence than that any experiments can provide.2.With subheadings the organization of the text is made very clear: the first two paragraphsserve as an introduction; it is followed by supporting facts grouped under three subheadings;the last paragraph is the conclusion. Now put down the main idea of each part under theirrespective subheadingsSubheadings Main IdeasLet's Make a Deal Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.Tale of a Whale Animals like whales can assess a situation and act accordingly. Primate Shell Game Animals sometimes can be tricky.VocabularyI1.Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen from the box. Change the form wherenecessary.1) go (very) far 2) has expanded 3) In the interest(s) of4) only to 5) encountered 6) has cooperated7) assessed 8) (had) switched 9) horizons10) gaze 11) disaster 12) wiped out2.Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. Thefirst part has been written for you.1) a long /long-running controversy over whether the book should be published or not.2) felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly.3) suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay.84) is obvious that our company is still maintaining its position as market leader insoftware.5) give in until they give her a pay rise.3. Complete the following sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets. Make additions orchanges where necessary.1) have undertaken original to explore2) evidence convinced underneath extending to3) to negotiate encounter to figure out exploreII. Confusable WordsFill in the gaps with at first or first or firstly according to the context:1. firstly2. first, first3. At first4. First/Firstly5. first6. First7. at first8. first/doc/567735136.htmlageFind out eight similar phrases from the text and tell how the attributive noun modifies another noun.Phrases In the phrase, the attributive noun indicates1. animalintelligence: whose2. zookeeper: where3. eyecontact: throughwhat4. moneysupply: of what5. killerwhale: whatkinde6. babywhale: how old7. family member: ofwhat8. sea turtle: whatkind/ whereComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. 1. Text-related Complete the following passage with words chosen from the Words and Phrases to Drill box. Change the form where necessary.(1) emergency (2) evidence (3) original (4) sizing up(5) negotiates (6) reveal (7) make a deal （8）dominant （9）in their interest(s) (10) deceiving （11）controversy(12) judgment （13）explore2.Theme-related Read the passage carefully until you have got its main idea, and then select oneappropriate word for each gap from the box following the passage.(1) protect (2) However (3) type (4) situation (5) sights(6) together (7) rang (8) associate (9) without (10) environmentII. Translation1.Translate the sentences into English, using the words and phrases in brackets.1) A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2)Let’s make a deal___ you wash my car, and I’ll let you use it tonight.3)We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake,only to find it slightly damaged.4)My garden is dry and shady___ few plants thrive in that condition.5)Mystery s till surrounds the exact truth behind the film star’s death /exact circumstances of thefilm star’s death.2. Translate the passage into English, using the words and phrases given below.我小时候常去家乡的动物园参观。

Unit 8Brainstorming1. Expressions for work / jobs for men / women:steelworkers, coal miners, secretary, lawyer, doctor, nurse, teacher, dean, supervisor, farmer, technician, shop-assistant, accountant, cashier, director, manager, actor, actress, model, waiter, waitress, servant, maid, gardener, cleaner, musician, composer, construction worker, writer, reporter, journalist, cook, salesman, saleswoman, policeman, policewoman, driver, politician, artist, painter, critic, librarian, hairdresser2. Expressions for trades and professions:sports, academic field, education, science, politics, farming, business, trade, medicine, manual labour, the press, advertising, the army, the police, industry, banking, transportation3. Expressions for equality / inequality:equal opportunity, equality of opportunity, equal representation of male and female, gender equality, sex discrimination, sexual equality / inequality, racial discrimination, social bias, equal rights, equal advantages, equal pay, equal citizenship, special treatment, preferential policies, treat people as equals, on an equal footing4 Conventional ways of describing sex differences:women: emotional, gentle, sympathetic, warm, tender, loving, caring, timid, fragile, weak, gossipy, wordy, mouthy, talkative, submissive, vain, nagging (of husband)men: reasonable, sensible, logical, informative in talking, brief, practical, ambitious, down to earth, strong-willed, mechanical-minded, tacit, rough, aggressive, rude, selfish, self-centred, male- chauvinistic5. Expressions for social responsibilities:looking after a family, bring up / rear (children), educate, support (a family), breadwinner, mutual help, in charge of, leadership, lead, manage, run / manage, assistListening1. The word "men" in "All men are created equal" is used to include women.Or: "He" is sometimes used to include "she".Or: The use of "Mrs." or "Miss"Or: The use of "Kingdom" but not "Queendom" in a queen's time2. Mr. Wright believes that sex discrimination still exists and men still carry on a sex war against women. Some men look down on women and they continue to regard women as second-rate citizens3. There are many jobs women can't do, or can't do well.Or: Women are unreliable and irrational.Or: Women depend too little on cool reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to arrive at decisions.Or: Women are not capable of thinking clearly.4. According to Mr. Wright, there would be more peace and fewer wars if women were in control of international negotiations, because women are more peace-loving than menMain IdeaThe text presents a tragic story of the consequences of sex prejudice through describing the tragic fate of three gifted girls: Anne, Emily, and Charlotte Bronte in the history of English literature. Their father put all of his eggs in his remarkable solo sin but gave up three other daughters who were as clear as the son. However, to the opposite, at last the son died a failure, the three daughters established their fames as famous writers. The three girls sacrificed much of their literary talent, youth and energy for their brother who turned out to be a failure.Text AnalysisPara 1 During my youth in America’s … the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.[summary] In America’s Appalachian mountains, the author learned that farmers traditionally preferred sons over daughters because boys were better at heavy farm labour.1.During my youth in America’s Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sonsover daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour.American’s Appalachian mountains: a mountain range in East North Americaextending 2 400 km from South Quebec Province in Canada to North Alabama in theUSprefer (sth. over / to sth.): choose sth. rather than sth. else; like sth. betterI prefers coffee to tea.There father prefers them to be home early.[note]When we talk about general preference, we use prefer doing sth. When we talk about preference in a specific situation, we use prefer to do sth. When we talk about two things, we use prefer doing sth. to doing sth. / prefer sth. to sth.Do you like swimming? Yes, but I prefer sailing.Can I give you a lift? No, thanks, I prefer to walk.I prefer sailing to swimming.be better at: comparative of be good at; greater in excellence or higher in quality than another of the same class, set, or kind.My sister is better at writing .2.With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet culturalpreferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break.[paraphrase] In today’s America, only 3% of Americans are in agriculture. People work by meansof intelligence, not by physical strength.brain has supplanted brawn: Brawn refers to strong, well-developed muscles while brain indicates intellectual power. With fewer people in agriculture, intelligence is valued more than muscular strength. Also, notice that brain and brawn is a case of alliteration--- a rhetorical device that involves two or more stressed syllables with the same sound at the initial positions. Sometimes, the meaning of the two words where alliteration occurs are antonymous or synonymous, e.g. friend and foe; weal and woe; penny wise, pound foolish; He is all fire and fight. supplant: (fml) to displace and substitute for (another)The word processor has largely supplanted electric typewriters.Oil has supplanted coffee as our main export.brawn: muscular strength and powerIt’s a job needing brains rather than brawn.cultural preferences: traditionally biased opinion in favor of something or some type of people.3.But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of theso-called weaker sex.[paraphrase] But history warns repeatedly that if we ignore the talent of the female, so-called weaker sex, we will pay for that.warn: to make aware in advance of actual or potential harm, danger, or evil; give sb notice of sth, esp. possible danger or unpleasant consequences; inform sb in advance of what may happenShe has been warned of the danger of driving the car in that state.They warned her that if she did it again she would be sent to prison.The police warned them off the posted property.They called and warned me that they might be delayed.[synonyms]warn caution forewarnThese verbs mean to give someone notice of and put the person on guard against actual or possible danger or risk.Warn, the most inclusive, implies well-timed notice that causes a person to be alert, vigilant, or wary:My father was warned by the neighbors that we were in great danger.Caution often suggests a warning that calls for the use of circumspection or prudence,as in avoiding unpleasant consequences:The Secretary of State cautioned that terrorism would be countered by retaliatory action. Forewarn intensifies the sense of advance notice:Forewarned is forearmed.dismiss: to end the employment or service of; discharge; to direct or allow to leaveHe was dismissed for insubordination. The chairman dismissed the meeting.gift: a talent, an endowment, an aptitude, or a bent.He is a man of many gifts. He has a gift for poetry.the weaker sex / fair sex: It refers to females. The term presupposes that women are weaker than men and is thus considered as carrying undertones of sex discrimination.Para 2About 150 years ago, a village…remarkable talent in both art and literature.[summary] Mr. Bronte invested all his hopes in his son, not his three daughters.About 150 years ago, a village church vicar in Yorkshire, England, had three lovely, intelligentdaughters but his hopes hinged entirely on the sole male heir, Branwell, a youth with remarkable talent in both art and literature.hinge: to consider or make (something) dependent on something else; predicateThis plan hinges on her approval.Everything hinges on the outcome of these talks.sole: one and only; singleIt’s the sole cause of the accident. She is the sole survivor of the crash.Para 3 Branwell’s father and sisters …, a penniless failure.1.Branwell’s father and sisters hoarded their pennies to pack him off to London’s Royal Academy of Arts, but if art was his calling, he dialed a wrong number.[paraphrase]Branwell’s father and sisters set aside all their earning to send him to London’s Royal Academy of Arts, but although the boy took art as his career, he didn’t know how to approach it in the right way, i.e. he made a wrong choice.hoard their pennies: save every penny. The verb hoard indicates the thrifty life the family led in order to save every penny.hoard: to gather,save or accumulateShe hoards her money and she never spends it.People found hoarding during the famine were punished.to pack him off to: sent him to (preparing the luggage and providing fare for him)When the Christmas season was over, the parents packed the children off to the boarding school. pack: 1) to fold, roll, or combine into a bundle; wrap up2) put sth into a container for transport or storing; fill with sth.He takes a packed lunch to work every day.The show played to packed houses.[idioms] pack one’s bags: (prepare to) leavepack sth away: put sth into a box, cupboard, etc because it is not neededpack in: stop doing or saying sth that angers or annoys sb elsepack sb. off: send sb away, esp quickly and decisivelypack up: put into causes, etc before leaving a placeLondon’s Royal Academy of Arts: principal British art organization, located in London, established for the purpose of improving and encouraging painting, sculpture, and architecture in Great Britain. It was founded in 1768 by king George Ⅲ. The academy society has a large collection of valuable works of art, including the Taddei Tondo by Michelangelo, as well as the diploma works of nearly all the Royal Academicians. The art schools of the academy are now open to post-graduate students.2.Within weeks he hightailed it home, a penniless failure.[paraphrase] A few weeks later, he ran back home like a defeated dog in a great hurry.hightail it: escape, run quickly 仓皇奔逃They hightailed it from the danger zones. I hightailed it all this way.hightail: v. (colloq.) hurry I hightailed out of there.Para 4Hopes still high, the family landed …he deserved. Failure again.1.Hopes still high, the family landed Branwell a job as a private tutor, hoping this would free him to develop his literature skills and achieve the success and fame that he deserved.the family landed Brawnwell a job …: The family found Brawnwell a job. The verb land implies the job was not a happy one for Brawnwell.land: (colloq.) find, getShe landed a job as a bank clerk. The coach hoped to land two first-class players.She has landed more than 20 TV-drama plays in six years.free sb. to do: not controlled by obligation or the will of anotherYou’d better free him to do that work.You’re free to come and go as you ple ase.You are free to do as you wish.deserve: to be worthy of; meritThese people deserve our help. He richly deserved all that happened to him.Para 5 For years the selfless sisters squelched… three anonymous sisters?1. For years the selfless sisters squelched their own goals, farming themselves out as teachers and governesses in support of their increasingly indebted brother, convinced that the world must eventually recognise his genius.squelch their own goals: sacrifice their own ambitionssquelch: v. to crush by or as if by trampling; squash; to put down as with a crushing retortThe president wants to squelch any perception that the meeting is an attempt to negotiate.The army squelched the student demonstration.farming themselves out: going out to work for a wagefarm out: send out or delegate to be done by otherWe’re so busy we have to farm out a lot of work.convince: to bring by the use of argument or evidence to firm belief or a course of action.He convinced me that I should study law. It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt. Cf. convince persuadeAccording to a traditional rule, one persuades someone to act but convinces someone of the truth of a statement or proposition:By convincing me that no good could come of staying, he persuaded me to leave.If the distinction is accepted, then convince should not be used with an infinitive:He persuaded (not convinced) me to go.In an earlier survey, a majority of the Usage Panel held that this distinction should be maintained, but the use of convince with an infinitive has become increasingly common even among reputable writers, and it is unlikely that this structure can be maintained for much longer.2.As failures multiplied, Branwell turned to alcohol, then opium, and eventually died as he hadlived: a failure.[paraphrase]Branwell failed again and again, and he addicted to alcoholic drink. He died a failure just as he was a failure when he was alive.multiply: to increase the amount, number, or degree of.Our problems have multiplied since last year.It is possible to multiply bacteria and other living organisms in the laboratory.turn to something / doing something:1) to direct one’s attention to and begin to do it regularly.2) go to sb / sth for help, advice, etc.Si nce you don’t have a gift for music, you’d better turn to painting.She has nobody she can turn to.The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink.[idioms]as it turned out: as was shown or proved by later eventsturn round and do sth.: say or do sth that displeases sb.turn against: become unfriendly or hostile towards sb.turn away: refuse to allow sb to enter a place; refuse to give help or support to sb.turn down: reject or refuse to considerturn sth in: give back sth that one no longer needs; return sth.turn off: leave one road in order to travel on another3.So died hope in the one male --- but what of the three anonymous sisters?[paraphrase] so the hope in the sole son overturned, but how about his three sisters who write anonymously?Para 6 During Branwell’s last years, …they sold only 2 copies.在勃兰威尔最后的几年里，三姐妹自费出版了一部诗集（用的是笔名，怕引起评论家的性别歧视），但只售出了两本。

新编实用英语综合教程2--Unit-8-Appliying-for-a-j新编实用英语综合教程2--Unit-8-Appliying-for-a-j ob教案Unit 8 Applying for a Job Unit GoalsWhat you should learn to do1.Understand a job advertisement2.Apply for a job3.Take a job interview4.Talk about a job5.Write a resumeWhat you should know about1.The way successful people start and run a business2.How to apply for a right job3.Supporting and concluding sentencesSection I Talking Face to Face1.Imitating Mini-Talks2.Acting out the Tasks3.Studying Email Information on the Internet4.Following Sample Dialogues5.Putting Language to UseSection II Being All Ears1.Learning Sentences for Workplace Communication2.Handling a Dialogue3.Understanding a Short Speech / TalkSection III Trying your Hand1.Practicing Applied Writing2.Writing Sentences and Reviewing Grammar Section IV Maintaining a Sharp EyePassage 1 :Text Applying for a New BossWhen I went off to college, I got one piece of advice from my father: “It doesn’t matter what courses you take, just find the great professors.”Sure enough, I soon discovered that all kinds of subjects were interesting to me as long as good teachers presented them. In Professor Weinstein’s class, I could hear the tumbrels rolling through the streets of Paris during the French Revolution. And going back further, I can still recall things about the stars that I should have long ago forgotten if not for my second-grade teacher, Miss Scorchiotti. To me, a great teacher is one who performs a subject in a way that makes it come alive.A great boss does the same. They turn the day-to-day uninteresting jobs into a learning experience. They convince you that you and what you are doing actually matter. They give you confidence, which makes you more willing to ask a question, or assume responsibility, or even suggest a change in some age-old company process. In short, a great boss knows how to teach.So my advice to anyone bound for the job market in the coming years and to anyone looking for a different work experience is: Don’t interview for the right job. Interview for the right boss. Not a best person, but someone who is willing and able to help you grow professionally.What are some signs of the wrong boss? Well, anyone who:●is surrounded by the same team year after year. If you’re such a good teacher, why aren’t these people moving on and getting promoted?●is short of a sense of humor. Life is short. Work is hard. Let’s lighten up when facing something di fficult.●loves typing. Hates talking. Why are you emailing me whenI sit across the hall?Who are the best bosses I ever had? Angela, my first boss out of college, was very clever and outspoken. She ruffled feathers around the company but was eager to letme in on what she thought and why.My boss Tom used to say: “You can sleep when you’re dead.”Working for Tom was just a bit exhausting. But he was also unbelievably straightforward, and quick to ask advice and give it. We often had different opinions, yet our discussions helped both of us learn more about what we were trying to perform. A great boss both gives respect and earns it.And how do you know when you’ve found the right boss? Be yourself with them and see if the self they are with you is someone you want to learn from for a couple of years. If that person is dull or dogmatic in an interview, guess what they’re going to be like Monday through Friday? Interviewees are on their best behavior in that setting, but so are interviewers. You don’t like wha t you see? The power is yours. Go out and interview another boss.Language Points1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences1. (Para. 1) And going back further, I can still recall things about the stars that I should have long ago forgotten if not for my second-grade teacher, Miss Scorchiotti ... Analysis: This is a complex sentence. That introduces a relative clause to modify the stars, followed by an if-clause of condition. Attention should be paid to the subjunctive mood used here: should have forgotten, ... with the latter part being an elliptical clause which can be assumed to be if it were not for ...Translation: 再早些，我仍然记得有关星体的知识，若不是由于我二年级的斯高奇奥迪老师，我早就将其忘光了。