约翰.班扬ppt.ppt2

四、信义完善阶段
❖ 从浮华世界获救后，基督徒的灵魂离上帝越来 越近，但他仍游走在危险的境地里，为了提醒读者 们注意哪些潜在的危险，同时阐述一些最重要的宗 教学问题，班扬在朝圣的第四阶段，巧妙地援用了 “怀疑堡垒”和“着魔之地”的故事。
怀疑堡垒
❖ 基督徒在此地被 “绝望”打得皮开肉绽， 他心灰意冷，也想过自 杀，但最后凭借“应许 的钥匙”而逃离了怀疑 堡垒。
浮华市集
❖ 在这里，一切都是可以买卖的，包括国土、荣誉、 头衔、欲望、快乐，甚至生命等等。“基督徒”和 “忠信”因为追求真理、蔑视名利而受到惩罚。
陪审团成员 马屁精
❖ 基督徒和忠信被送
交“仇善”法官审判，
证人是“嫉妒”、“迷
迷信
信”和“马屁精”，陪
审团由“盲目”、“怀
疑”、“坏蛋”和“好
色”等人组成。
❖ 基督徒和魔王亚坡伦的战斗最突出地宣 扬了基督徒的拯救教义。“多数评论家把与 亚坡伦的战斗看成是基督徒灵魂深处精神斗 争的外在表现”。
三、忠爱考验阶段
❖ 在朝圣的第三阶段，基督徒遇到了两个同伴：忠 信和盼望。忠信是基督教殉道者的代表，他最后乘 坐烈火的马车直接进入了天堂。盼望从忠信的骨灰 中突然成长起来，陪伴基督徒一直走完天路。
❖ 他进入窄门，走上十字 架之路，喻示的是对耶 稣为人之赦罪新生而死 的信，因信称义，去罪 永生。
❖ 十字架前，他背上的重 负便滚落下来，喻示的 的即是罪孽获赦免。
与亚坡伦之战
❖ 亚坡伦是十七世纪恶 魔和罪孽的常见典型； 他代表基督徒皈依后遭 遇的种种诱惑；
❖ 面对亚坡伦，基督徒 这位新信徒必须经受住 各种考验，坚持服务于 上帝的忠诚。
渡过死亡河
基督徒和盼望渡死亡河

His style
• Bunyan wrote in a simple but lively and
vivid prose style . • His biblical language enabled him to narrate his stories and reveal his ideas in a direct and straightforward way.
plot
• Christian with a heavy on his back reading the •
Bible City of Destruction will be destroyed someday by a big fire Slough of Despond, Vanity Fair, Doubting Castle, the Valley of Humiliation, and the Valley of the Shadow of Death Mr. Worldly Wiseman, Faithful, Hopeful, Giant Despair, the foul fiend Apollyon reaching the Celestial City,
• became Nonconformist preacher in 1655
Piety, Bible, Prayer Book
• imprisoned for unlicensed preaching in
1660 • In 1675 he was imprisoned again.
orks
John Bunyan( 1628-1688)
• a poor tinker ‘s family • received very little formal education • enlisted into the Parliamentary Army

• At sixteen, Bunyan enlisted in the army as a solider and fought in the English Civil War.
• Bunyan was received into the Baptist Church in 1653.
• He started preaching in Bedford and nearby villages and gained an immense, popular following wherever he preached, earning the nickname “Bishop Bunyan”
• His severe and self-critical moral code provides the backdrop to Christian’s earnest and impassioned search for salvation in The Pilgrim’s Progress.
The Title: The Pilgrim’s Progress
• The Pilgrim’s Progress is about travel or, journey and the meaning that one man’s travel comes to acquire.
• Therefore the geographical wandering across the lands is also a spiritual development, which is the “progress” referred to in the title.
• Why Bunyan was insistent in preaching despite the threat of imprisonment.

Bunyan’s language
Bunyan’s language is chiefly plain and colloquial and quite moden in comparison with that of the writers of the Renaissance. His language is clear, vivid and natural, homely (朴实)，fluent, (朴实) musical and powerful.
He paved the way not only in languae style but also in wirting technique of novels, for the novelists of the 18th century as Swift and Defoe.
Analysis: the pilgrim’s progress
1 the P is a religious allegory. 2 though an allegory, its characters impress the reader like real persons. In reality, the Celestial City in the P is the vision of an ideal happy society dreamed by a poor thinker in the 17th century, through a religious mist.
A puritan poet
Works: 1 Grace abounding to the chief of sinner (罪人受恩记) (罪人受恩记) 2 pilgrim’s progress (masterpiece) 天路历程 3. the life and dealth of Mr. badman (恶人先生的生平和死亡) (恶人先生的生平和死亡) （贝德曼先生的一生） 4。The holyLeabharlann war (神圣战争) (神圣战争)