基于MATLAB的遥感图像处理

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目 录

前 言 ........................................................................................................................................... - 1 -

1、多光谱图像的特征: ............................................................................................................. - 2 -

1.1 数字卫星影像的数据格式 ............................................................................................. - 2 -

1.2失真与校正 ...................................................................................................................... - 2 -

1.2.1复制校正 ................................................................................................................ - 2 -

1.2.2去条纹复原处理校正 ............................................................................................ - 3 -

1.2.3几何校正 ................................................................................................................ - 3 -

2、MATLAB程序实现 ............................................................................................................... - 3 -

2.1从多光谱图像中构建真彩色复合图像。 ...................................................................... - 3 -

2.2使用直方图探测未增强的真彩色复合图像。 .............................................................. - 4 -

2.3使用相关性探测未增强的真彩色复合图像。 .............................................................. - 5 -

2.4对真彩色复合图像进行对比度扩展增强处理。 .......................................................... - 6 -

2.5在对比度扩展图像增强后检测直方图变化。 .............................................................. - 7 -

2.6对真彩色图像进行去相关扩展增强处理。 .................................................................. - 7 -

2.7构建和增强一个CIR复合图像文件。 ......................................................................... - 8 -

3、相关知识简介 ......................................................................................................................... - 9 -

3.1遥感图像 .......................................................................................................................... - 9 -

3.2遥感图像的特征 .............................................................................................................. - 9 -

3.2.1空间分辨率 ............................................................................................................ - 9 -

3.2.2光谱分辨率 .......................................................................................................... - 10 -

3.2.3辐射分辨率 .......................................................................................................... - 10 -

3.2.4时间分辨率 .......................................................................................................... - 10 -

4、结果分析 ............................................................................................................................... - 10 -

5、结论 ....................................................................................................................................... - 11 -

致 谢 ..................................................................................................................................... - 12 -

参考文献 ..................................................................................................................................... - 13 -

附 录: ..................................................................................................................................... - 14 -

内容摘要

在获取遥感图像的过程中,由于多种因素的影响,会导致图像质量的下降。为改善图像质量,突出遥感图象中的某些重要信息,提高图像的视觉效果,固使用MATLAB中的图像处理工具对遥感图像进行各方面的优化处理。通过MATLAB处理遥感图像后可去除图像中的噪声,增强感兴趣的目标和周围背景图像间的反差,有选择的突出便于人和电脑识别分析的信息,抑制一些无用信息,强调出图像的边缘,增强图像识别的方便性。使用MATLAB的图像处理函数对遥感图像进行处理。如对遥感图像的各种伪彩色处理,对失真对象的校正,从

多光谱图像中构建真彩色复合图像,直方图的使用,对真彩色复合图进行对比度扩展增强处理及去相关扩展增强处理,检测相关性变化,构建和增强一个CIR复合图像文件。。

关键词:matlab;图像处理;真彩色复合图像;失真与校正;直方图。

Abstrct

In the process of access to remote sensing images, because of various factors, will lead to a

decline in image quality. To improve image quality, highlight some important in remote sensing

image information to enhance the image of the visual effects, the solid image using MATLAB in

remote sensing image processing tools on various aspects of optimization. After the remote

sensing image processing by MATLAB can remove the image noise and enhance the goals and

interests around the contrast between the background image, there are outstanding options to

facilitate identification and analysis of computer information, blocking some useless information,

emphasizing the image edge, enhanced convenience of image recognition. Using the MATLAB

image processing function for processing remote sensing image. If the various pseudo-color

remote sensing image processing, object to the distortion correction, multi-spectral images

constructed from the true color composite image, the histogram of the use of true color composite

graph of the contrast enhancement and expansion of the relevant extensions to enhance the