TOEFL-junior模拟试地的题目

托福模拟考试题库及答案1. 阅读部分A篇：The Industrial Revolution1.1 根据文章内容，工业革命开始于哪个世纪？A. 16世纪B. 17世纪C. 18世纪D. 19世纪答案：C1.2 文章提到了哪项技术对工业革命有重要影响？A. 蒸汽机B. 电力C. 计算机D. 互联网答案：AB篇：Biodiversity and Ecosystems2.1 什么是生物多样性？A. 生态系统中的植物种类B. 生态系统中的动物种类C. 生态系统中的物种总数D. 生态系统中的基因多样性答案：C2.2 文章中提到的生态系统服务有哪些？A. 食物供应B. 气候调节C. 疾病控制D. 所有上述选项答案：D2. 听力部分对话1：Library Services3.1 学生去图书馆的目的是什么？A. 借阅书籍B. 归还书籍C. 咨询研究资料D. 打印文件答案：C3.2 图书馆员提供了哪项服务？A. 帮助学生找到特定书籍B. 指导学生如何使用图书馆数据库C. 提供在线资源的访问D. 协助学生预约会议室答案：B对话2：Campus Tour4.1 导游提到了哪些校园设施？A. 体育馆和图书馆B. 图书馆和学生中心C. 学生中心和食堂D. 体育馆和食堂答案：A4.2 学生对哪个设施最感兴趣？A. 体育馆B. 图书馆C. 学生中心D. 食堂答案：B3. 口语部分任务3：Describe a book you recently read that you found particularly interesting.5.1 考生需要描述的是什么？A. 最近读的一本书B. 最近看的一部电影C. 最近听的一首歌曲D. 最近参加的一个活动答案：A5.2 考生需要强调的是什么？A. 书的作者B. 书的封面设计C. 书的有趣之处D. 书的出版年份答案：C4. 写作部分综合写作：The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers6.1 阅读材料中提到了社交媒体对青少年的哪些影响？A. 睡眠质量下降B. 学习成绩提高C. 社交技能增强D. 自尊心增强答案：A6.2 听力材料中提出了哪些解决方案？A. 限制社交媒体使用时间B. 增加户外活动C. 提供心理健康辅导D. 所有上述选项答案：D独立写作：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to teach children is through discussions.7.1 考生需要表达的是什么？A. 对讨论式教学的看法B. 对传统教学的看法C. 对在线教学的看法D. 对家庭教育的看法答案：A7.2 考生需要提供哪些内容？A. 个人观点B. 支持或反对的理由C. 相关例子或证据D. 所有上述选项答案：D。

Name: ________ Date: ________ Score: ________（__ / 30*100）Directions: This test consists of two parts. The first part is language form and meaning with 10 questions. The second part is reading with three texts and 20 questions. You should spend about 30 minutes on the test.PART1.–How about going hiking this weekend?–Sorry. I prefer _______ rather than _______.A.to go out; stay at homeB.to stay at home; go outC.staying at home; to go outD.going out; stay at home2.I bought a shirt because it was good in quality and ________ in price.A.reasonableB.valuablefortableD.enjoyable3.Now the air in our city is ________ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.A.very goodB.much betterC.rather badD.even worse4.The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will ________ have been solved by theend of next week.A.eagerlyB.hopefullyC.immediatelyD.gradually5.Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly ________ left in the house.A.anythingB.everythingC.nothingD.something6.To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, _________, honest.A.thereforeB.above allC.howeverD.after all7.________ a boy, the man was taken away by the police.A.Supposing to murderB.Supposed to murderC.Supposing to have murderedD.Supposed to have murdered8.The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _________, but students becamemore interested in the lessons.A.saved was teacher’s energyB.was teachers’ energy savedC.teachers’ energy was savedD.was saved teachers’ energy9.You speak good English. Could you tell me _________?A.how can I improve my EnglishB.how I can improve my EnglishC.how could I improve my EnglishD.how I could improve my English10.–What are you talking about?–We’re talking about the teacher and his school _______ we visited yesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.thatPARTQuestions 11-16 are about the following passage.Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers take them for granted. This is especially true among children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and sponsor sports programs and make sure that there is easy access to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are less likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often lack the resources needed to pay for participation fees, equipment, and transportation to practices and games and their communities do not have resources to build and maintain sports fields and facilities.Organized youth sports first appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed when some educators and developmental experts realized that the behavior and character of children were strongly influenced by their social surroundings and everyday experiences. This led many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in particular ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.This belief that the social environment influenced a person’s development was very encouraging to people interested in progress and reform in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about how they might control the experiences of children to manufacture responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a growing capitalist economy depended on the productivity of workers.11.What fact does the author say about children from poor communities?A.They often take organized sports for granted.B.They don’t like organized sports that much.C.Their communities don’t want to sponsor them.D.They don’t have enough money for the resources.12.According to the passage, what can strongly influence the behavior and character of children?A.The income of their families.B.Sports fields and facilities in their communities.C.Social surroundings and everyday experiences.D.Whether they join organized sports or not.13.Why did the educators and experts originally develop organized youth sports?A.They found that sports were popular in the United States.B.They realized that children’s physical health was really important.C.They wanted to organize children’s experiences by organized sports.D.They thought organized sports could influence the capitalist economy.14.In line 13, the word encouraging is closest in meaning to _______.A.upsettingB.surprisingC.disappointingD.inspiring15.In line 15, the word manufacture is closest in meaning to _______.A.raiseB.preventC.multiplyD.provide16.According to the passage, what did a growing capitalist depend on?A.Social environmentB.The experience of childrenC.Responsible adultsD.Productivity of workersQuestions 17-21 are about the following passage.Throughout the history of life, there have been many major upheavals in which whole groups of animals were replaced by others. Perhaps the most famous example was dinosaurs. The dinosaurs were replaced by the mammals 65 million years ago. Another major change occurred 150 million years earlier, when the dinosaurs took over the position of dominance that had been held for 80 million years by mammal-like reptiles.What triggered these great changes? Scientific theories suggest that the factors that might have been responsible for such replacement are various. But these factors have gone through some significant change of its own. At times, for example, scientists have suggested that mammals caused the extinction of the dinosaurs by eating their eggs or by competing for the same food resources. Now, however, most people are convinced that the mammals played only a minor role, if any (largely because both groups had lived side by side for millions of years). Instead, environmental change was the primary responsible reason for the extinction of the dinosaurs. The mammals apparently sat around for 150 million years hiding under trees and other plants in woodland. With the extinction of the dinosaurs, they finally had their opportunity to step out and live in the available niches.17.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Mammals caused the extinction of dinosaurs by eating their eggs.B.Some species of animals have been replaced by others due to environmental changes.C.Scientific theories about the reasons for the extinction of certain reptiles have changed overthe years.D.Mammals and dinosaurs competed for the same food resources.18.In line 1, the word upheavals is closest in meaning to _______.A.heavensB.upliftsC.changesD.reasons19.Which of the followings is the correct order that the animal groups mentioned in the passageassumed dominance?A.Mammal-like reptiles, mammals, dinosaursB.Mammal, mammals-like reptiles, dinosaursC.Dinosaurs, mammal-like reptiles, mammalsD.Mammal-like reptiles, dinosaurs, mammals20.In line 6, the word triggered is closest in meaning to _______.A.causedB.assumedC.suggestedD.told21.According to the passage, what does the author imply about the scientific theories?A.They have changed considerably throughout their history.B.They concern only the division of reptile groups.C.They put little emphasis on the conditions of prehistoric climate.D.They explained the development of the Mesozoic undergrowth.Questions 22-30 are about the following passage.On a clear night you might see the Moon, some planets, and thousands of sparkling stars. You can see even more with a telescope. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue. With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky.But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won’t see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year.That’s because they’re invisible. They’re the mysterious dead stars called black holes.You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn’t seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years.As a star cools, the outer layers of the star pull in toward the center. The star squashes into a smaller and smaller ball. If the star was very small, the star ends up as a cold, dark ball called a black dwarf. If the star was very big, it keeps squashing inward until it’s packed together tighter than anything in the universe.Imagine if the Earth were crushed until it was the size of a tiny marble. That’s how tightly this dead star, a black hole, is packed. What pulls the stat in toward its center with such power? It’s the same force that pulls you down when you jump—the force called gravity. A black hole is so tightly packed that its gravity sucks in everything—even light. The light from a black hole can never come back to your eyes. That’s why you see nothing but blackness.So the next time you stare up at the night sky, remember: there’s more in the sky than meets the eye! Scattered in the silent darkness are black holes—the great mystery of space.22.What would be the best title for this article?A.Amazing Black HolesB.The Use of a TelescopeC.Colorful StarsD.Mysterious Universe23.According to the article, what causes a star to die?A.As its gases run out, it cools down.B.It collides with other stars.C.It can only live for about a million years.D.As it gets hotter and hotter, it explodes.24.In line 7, the word mysterious is closest in meaning to ________.A.ordinaryB.brightC.strangemon25.Which of the following statement is NOT a fact?A.Black holes are dead stars.B.Black holes have gravity.C.Black holes are invisible.D.There is nothing as mysterious as a black hole.26.What happens after a star dies?A.It becomes invisible.B.It falls to Earth.C.It burns up all of its gases.D.It becomes brighter and easier to see.27.What might happen to our Sun billions of years from now?A.It will be brighter.B.It will not stop giving heat and light.C.It will burn out and die.D.It will become red or blue.28.What can be inferred about the Sun according to the article?A.We won’t see the Sun with the biggest telescope in the world.B.The Sun is a black hole.C.The Sun gives us heat and light.D.The Sun will not be getting old and weak.29.In line 15, the word it refers to _______.A.the SunB.the EarthC.the starD. a black dwarf30.Why can’t you see light when you look at a black hole?A.Because most black hole is so far away.B.Because the gravity of a black hole is so strong that it sucks the light inward.C.Because as the star’s gases burn, it stops giving off heat and light.D.Because as a star cools, its outer layers pull in toward its center.1.B 题目考查prefer to do …rather than do 表示“宁愿做…...而不愿意做”。

TOEFL模拟测试题（1-2）READING COMPREHENSIONAs many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians of North America were building with adobe -- sun-baked brick plastered with mud. Their homes lookedremarkably like modem apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quartersfor perhaps thousand people, along with storerooms for grain and other goods. Thesebuildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defenseagainst enemies. They were really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must haverealized since they called them "pueblos", which is Spanish for town.The people or the pueblos raised what are called "the three sisters" -- corn, beans, andsquash. They made excellent pottery and wove marvelous baskets, some so fine that they couldhold water. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi andZuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches. Waterwas so important that it played a major role in their religion. They developed elaborateceremonies and religious rituals to bring rain.The way of life of less-settled groups was simpler and more strongly influenced by nature.Small tribes such as the Shoshone and Ute wandered the dry and mountainous lands betweenthe Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. They gathered seeds and hunted small animalssuch as rabbits and snakes.In the Far North the ancestors of today s Inuit hunted seals, walruses,and the great whales. They lived right on the frozen seas in shelters called igloos built of blocksof packed snow. When summer came, they fished for salmon and hunted the lordly caribou.The Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Sioux tribes, known as the Plains Indians, lived on thegrasslands between the rocky mountains and the Mississippi River. They hunted bisoncommonly called the buffalo. Its meat was the chief food of these tribes, and its hide was usedto make their clothing and the covering of their tents and tipis .1.What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The architecture of early American Indian buildings(B) The movement of American Indians across North America(C) Ceremonies and rituals of American Indians(D) The way of life of American Indian tribes in early North America2. According to the passage the Hopi and Zuni typically built their homes(A) in valleys(B) next to streams(C) on open plains(D) against cliffs3. The word "They" in line 6 refers to(A) goods(B) buildings(C) cliffs(D) enemies4.It can be inferred from the passage that the dwellings of the Hopi and Zuni were(A) very small(B) highly advanced(C) difficult to defend(D) quickly constructed5.The author uses the phrase "the three sisters" in line8 refer to(A) Hopi women(B) family members(C) important crops(D) rain ceremonies6. The word "scarce" in line10 is closest in meaning to(A) limited(B) hidden(C) pure(D) necessary7.Which of the following is true of the Shoshone and Ute?(A) They were not as settled as the Hopi and Zuni.(B) They hunted caribou.(C) They built their home with adobe.(D) They did not have many religious .8. According to the passage which of the following tribes lived in the grasslands?(A) The Shoshone and Ute(B) The Cheyenne and Sioux(C) The Hopi and Zuni(D) The Pawnee and Inuit9. Which of the following animals was most important to the Plains Indians?(A) The salmon(B) The caribou(C) The seal(D) The buffalo10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a dwelling place of earlyNorth Americans?(A) Log cabins(B) Adobe houses(C) Tipis(D) Igloos11 . The author gives an explanation for all of the following words EXCEPT(A) adobe(B) pueblos(C) caribou(D) bison12. The author groups North American Indians according to their(A) tribes and geographical regions(B) arts and crafts(C) rituals and ceremonies(D) date of appearance on the continentMarianne Moore (1887-1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry onlybecause there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressedessays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals,laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that shefound striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotationmarks, and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote, " Why the manyquotation marks? I am asked......When a thing has been said so well that it could not be saidbetter, why paraphrase it? Hence my writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collectionof flies in amber." Close observation and concentration on detail are the methods of her poetry.Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St.Louis. After graduation fromBryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian School in Carlisle,Pennsylvania. Later she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920 s she was editorof The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostlyin Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals.Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers---before the team moved to Los Angeles ---waswidely known.Her first book of poems was published in London in1921 by a group of friends associatedwith the Imagist movement. From that time on her poetry has been read with interest bysucceeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952 she was award the Pulitzer Prize for herCollected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry "for money or fame. To earn a livingis needful, but it can be done in routine ways. One writes because one has a burning desire toobjectify what it is indispensable to one s happiness to express......."13. What is the passage mainly about?(A) The influence of the Imagists on Marianne Moore.(B) Essayists and poets of the 1920 s(C) The use of quotations in poetry(D) Marianne Moor s life and work14. Which if the following can be interred about Moore s poems?(A) They are better known in Europe than the United States.(B) They do not use traditional verse forms.(C) They were all published in The Dial.(D) They tend to be abstract.15. According to the passage Moore wrote about all of the following EXCEPT(A) artists(B) animals(C) fossils(D) workers16. What does Moore refer to as "flies in amber" (line 9)?(A) A common image in her poetry(B) Poetry in the twentieth century(C) Concentration on detail(D) Quotations within her poetry17. The author mentions all of the following as jobs held by Moore EXCEPT(A) commercial artist(B) teacher(C) magazine editor(D) librarian18. The word "period" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) movement(B) school(C) region(D) time19.Where did Moore spend most of her adult life?(A) In Kirkwood(B) In Brooklyn(C) In Los Angeles(D) In Carlisle20.The word "succeeding" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) inheriting(B) prospering(C) diverse(D) later21 . The word "it" in line 21 refers to(A) writing poetry(B) becoming famous(C) earning n living(D) attracting readers22.It can be inferred from the passage that Moore wrotebecause she(A) wanted to win awards(B) was dissatisfied with what others wrote(C) felt a need to express herself(D) wanted to raise money for the Bronx ZooWhat makes it rain? Rain falls from clouds for the same reason anything falls to Earth.The Earth s gravity pulls it.But every cloud is made of water droplets or ice crystals. Whydoesn t rain or snow fall constantly from all clouds? The droplets or ice crystals in clouds areexceedingly small.The effect or gravity on them is minute. Air currents move and lift dropletsso that the net downward displacement is zero, even though the droplets are in constant motion.Droplets and ice crystals behave somewhat like dust in the air made visible in a shaft ofsunlight. To the casual observer, dust seems to act in a totally random fashion, moving aboutchaotically without fixed direction. But in fact dust particles are much larger than water dropletsand they finally fall. The average size of a cloud droplet is only 0.0004 inch in diameter. It is sosmall that it would take sixteen hours to fall half a mile in perfectly still air,and it does not fallout of moving air at all. Only when the droplet grows to diameter of 0.008 inch or larger canit fall from the cloud. The average raindrop contains a million times as much water as a tinycloud droplet. The growth of a cloud droplet to a size largeenough to fall out is the cause ofrain and other forms of precipitation. This important growth process is called "coalescence.23. What is the main topic of the passage?(A) The mechanics of rain(B) The weather patterns of North America(C) How Earth s gravity affects agriculture(D) Types of clouds24.The word "minute in line 4 is closest in meaning to which of the following?(A) second(B) tiny(C) slow(D) steady25 .Thc word "motion in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) wind(B) change(C) movement(D) humidity26.Ice crystals do NOT immediately fall to Earth because(A) they are kept aloft by air currents.(B) they combine with other chemicals in the atmosphere(C) most of them evaporate(D) their electrical charges draw them away from the earth27. The word "random" in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) unpredictable(B) perplexing(C) independentI(D) abnormal28.What can be inferred about drops of water larger than0.008 inch in diameter?(A) They never occur.(B) They are not affected by the force of gravity.(C) In still air they would fall to earth.(D) In moving air they fall at a speed of thirty -two miles per hour.29 How much bigger is a rain drop than a cloud droplet ?(A) 200 times bigger(B) 1,000 times bigger(C) 100,000 times bigger(D) l,000,000 times bigger30. In this passage, what does the term "coalescence" refer to(A) The gathering of small clouds to form larger clouds(B) The growth of droplets(C) The effect of gravity on precipitation(D) The movement of dust particles in the sunlightPeople appear to be born to compute. The numerical skill of children develop so earlyand so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guidingtheir growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressiveaccuracy---one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they arecapable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a hitlater, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, theymove on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable toexpect that if a child were secluded on adesert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grademathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment.Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists hasilluminated the subtle froms of daily learning on which interllectual progress depends. Childrenwere observed as they slowly grasped---or ,as the case might be,bumped into---concepts thatadults take for granted, as they refuseed, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged aswater pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstratedthat young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue orred pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that therudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggestedthat the very concept of abstract numbers--- the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness thatapplies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematicallydemanding than setting a table--- is itself far from innate.31.What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Trends in teaching mathematics to children(B) The use of mathematics in child psychology(C) The development of mathematical ability in children(D) The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn32.It can be inferred from the passage that children normally learn simple counting(A) soon after they learn to talk(B) by looking at the clock(C) when they begin to be mathematically mature(D) after they reach second grade in school33.The word "illuminated in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) iliustrated(B) accepted(C) clarified(D) lighted34 . The author implies that most small children believe that the quantity of waterchanges when it is transferred to a container of a different(A) color(B) quality(C) weight(D) shape35 .According to the passage, when small children were asked to count a pile ofred and blue pencils they(A) counted the number of pencils of each color(B) guessed at the total number of pencils(C) counted only the pencils of their favorite color(D) subtracted the number of red pencils from the number of blue pencils36. The word "They" in line 17 refers to(A) mathematicians(B) children(C) pencils(D) studies37. The word "prerequisite" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) reason(B) theory(C) requirement(D) technique38. The word "itself" in line 20 refers to(A) the total(B) the concept of abstract numbers(C) any class of objects(D) setting a table39. With which of the following statements would the author be LEAST likelyto agree?(A) Children naturally and easily learn mathematics .(B) Children learn to add before they learn to subtract.(C) Most people follow the same pattern of mathematical development(D) Mathematical development is subtle and gradual.40. Where in the passage does the author give an example of a hypotheticalexperiment ?(A) Lines 3-6(B) Lines 7-9(C) Lines 11-14(D) Lines 17-20Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiarposition in the history of human knowledge.For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans hadanything more than the vaguest of insights. It is impossible to know today just what our StoneAge ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies thatstill exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This islogical. Plants are the basis of the food, oyramid for all living things, even for other plants. Theyhave always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also forclothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribesliving today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plants and knowmany properties of each. To them botany, as such, has no name and is probably not evenrecognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all .Unfortunalely, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from directcontact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comesunconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge,and few people will fail torecognize a rose, an apple,or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the MiddleEast about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seedsplanted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants andhumans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture :cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlledproduction of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varietiesthat grew wild--- and the accumulated knoweldge of tens of thousands of years of experienceand intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.41 . Which of the following assumptions about early humans is expressed in the passage?(A) They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.(B) They divided knowledge into well-defined fields .(C) They did not enjoy the study of botany. .(D) They placed great importance on ownership of property.42. The word "peculiar" in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) clear(B) large(C) unusual(D) important43. What does the comment "This is logical" in lines 5-6 mean ?(A) There is no clear way to determine the extent of ourancetors knowledge of plants.(B) It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants .(C) It is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behavedvery much like peoplein preindustrial societies .(D) Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.44. The phrase "properties of each" in line 10 refers to each(A) tribe(B) hundred(C) plant(D) purpose45.According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany declined?(A) People no longer value plants as a useful resource .(B) Botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.(C) Research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants.(D) Direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased.46. In line 15, what is the author s purpose in mentioning" a rose, an opple, or an orchid"?(A) To make the passage more poetic(B) To cite examples of plants that are attractive(C) To give botanical examples that most readers will recognize(D) To illustrate the diversity of botanical life47. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practiceof agriculture ?(A) The invention of agricuitural implements and machinery(B) The development of a system of names for plants(C) The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted(D) The changing diets of early humans48. The word "controlled" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) abundant(B) managed(C) required(D) advanced49. The relationship between botany and agriculture is similar to the relationshipbetween zoology (the study of animals) and(A) deer hunting(B) bird watching(C) sheep raising(D) horseback riding50. Where in the passage does the author describe the benefits people derivefrom plants?(A) Line 1(B) Lines 6-8(C) Lines 10-11(D) Lines 13-15。

TOEFL-junior模拟试题————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Language Form and MeaningDirectionsIn this section of the test, you will answer 37 questions found in seven different texts. Within each text are boxes that contain four possible ways to complete a sentence. Choose the word or words in each box that correctly complete each sentence. Mark the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.Here are two sample questions:1. The idea that rocks last forever and that rocks(A) very(B) ever(C) quite(D) never2. change is not completely true. If you have ever stood next to a rushing river, you(A) saw(B) seen(C) are seeing(D) may have seenthe water hammering away at the rocks.The correct answer to Sample 1 is (D), “never.”The correct answer to Sample 2 is (D), “may have seen.”Go on to the next page, and the test will begin with question number one.1. A country’s _______ include all of its minerals, such as coal, gold, and silver.(A) resource (B) financial (C) ability (D) list2 .Whether two people or groups are fighting with words or weapons, we can say they are having a _______.(A) dispute (B) war (C) combat (D) victim3. If some lives in the _______ of your home, you would call that person a neighbor.(A) vicinity (B) remote (C) distant (D) lonely4. If you are always patient, we can say that you _______ lots of patience.(A) acquire (B) erasable (C) eliminable (D) deletable5. Roses _______ greatly in color, size, and shape.(A) fragrant (B) vary (C) aroma (D) thorn6. A _______ is a process that often involves a series of steps.(A) breather (B) half-whisper (C) susurrate (D) procedure7. If you say you have _______ time for an assignment, that means you have enough time to do it.(A) insufficient (B) adequate (C) wanting (D. quiver8. Anything that puts pressure on out emotions, bodies, or minds can be called _______.(A) arrow (B) Stress (C) projectile (D) straight9. Thelma had a _______ with her neighbors over their d ogs’ getting into her garbage cans.(A) indignant (B) approximately (C) everywhere (D) resent10. When the Carveys didn’t pay their rent for the third month in a row, the landlord actually came to their door to _____ them.(A) urge (B) console (C) keen (D) scold11. In the 1800s, it must have been very difficult to _______ with people who lived far away. Today we are all lucky to have phones and good mail service.(A) liaison (B) connect (C) beam (D) admonishQuestions 1-2612. Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels, thereby _____ from freezing.(A) to save the seeds (B) saving the seeds (C) which saves the seeds (D) the seeds saved13. _____ mineral content in the bones of very young children is low compared to that of adults.(A) If the (B) That is (C) The (D) It is the14. _____, the silvery-checked hornbill chooses a hollow tree for a nest and seals herself in until her chicks are grown.(A) Protection for predators against(B) Against protection predators for(C) For protection against predators(D) Predators against protection for15. A floodplain is an extension of a river channel, _____ not inundated except during a flood.(A) where is it (B) but it is (C) or is (D) in case it16. The United States Congress made Washington, D.C., _____ in 1800.(A) after the government center(B) of the government center(C) the center of government(D) then the center of government17. Astronomer Maria Mitchell was the first woman _____ to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.(A) to be elected (B) was elected(C) which she was elected (D) for her to be elected18. _____ of staging a play that help the audience understand its structure and meaning.(A) Specific aspects(B) When specific aspects(C) Specific aspects are(D) There are specific aspects19. Illustrator Norman Rockwell specialized in finely drawn, richly anecdotal scenes _____.(A) of everyday small-town lift(B) of which everyday life in a small town(C) were in a small town every day(D) small-town life every day20. _____ depends on the density of both the object and the water.(A) An object floats whether or not(B) Whether or not an object floats(C) Floating an object whether or not(D) Whether or not a floating object21. Sturgeons are prized for their blackish roe, _____ when salted and served as an appetizer is called caviar.(A) which (B) such (C) therefore (D) while22. In Navajo society, not only _____ for food and for woo, but also as a means of payment or exchange.(A) sheep were valuable (B) to value the sheep (C) the sheep's value (D) were sheep valued23. John began to learn French last month. _______.(A) His sister did so (B) So did his sister (C) So his sister did (D) His sister so did24. The bridge ______ this photo was taken was built last year.(A) which (B) how (C) who (D) where25. Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow. This means today’s work _____ today.(A) must be done (B) must do (C) must to do (D) must to be done26.--- Hello! May I speak to Mr. Smith, please?---_________(A) See you! (B) I agree with you. (C) Hold on, please. (D) I’d love to.27. Catherine felt uncomfortable a speech before the public and she thought she'd ask the others for help.(A) make (B) made (C) making (D) having made28. Tina ________like dogs very much, but one attacked her two years ago so she doesn't like them anymore.(A) ought to (B) used to (C) must (D) would29. It ______at yesterday's meeting to raise salaries _______ 10% in the next two years.(A) was decided; by (B) has decided; with (C) announced; until (D) has announced; at30. --I don't feel like going to the party this evening.-- . What about watching the tennis game on the computer?(A) So do I (B) Nor I do (C) And I do (D) Neither do I31. --Is that the time? I didn't realise it was so late. I really must be going. ---_________________--I'm afraid so, I've got to start work early tomorrow.(A) Didn't you have a wonderful time?(B) Do you have to leave so early?(C) Can we see each other again soon?(D) Will you please stay longer?32. --Could you tell me the times of trains to Cambridge?--Yes, they leave on the hour.________________--Oh, I have to wait for half an hour!(A) If you hurry you might just get it on time.(B) The next train will arrive in two minutes.(C) You have no time to catch the next train.(D) And the next one goes at 5 o'clock.33. _____ I suggest, he always disagrees.(A) However (B) Whatever (C) Whichever (D) Whoever34. You should put on the notices ______ all the people may see them.(A) where (B) in which (C) At (D) for them35. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .(A) that the little girl asks him(B) the little girl asks him to(C) for the little girl to ask him(D) what the little girl asks him36. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.(A) when (B) that (C) what (D) which37. He is better than _______ I last visited him.(A) when (B) that (C) how (D) whichSTOPIF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED,YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY.DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST.Reading ComprehensionDirectionsIn this section of the test, you will read six texts and answer 30 questions. Choose the correct answer to each question and mark the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.Before you start, read the sample text and the sample questions below.Sample TextThe Golden Gate Bridge is a famous bridge in San Francisco. The bridge has a red color, but gray clouds often surround it. On clear days people come to take pictures of the bridge. The pictures show the green hills next to the bridge and the blue water under it.Sample Question 1What is this text mostly about?(A)Gray clouds(B) San Francisco(C) A famous bridge(D) Taking photographsThe correct answer is (C), “A famous bridge.”Sample Question 2What color is the Golden Gate Bridge?(A)Red(B) Green(C) Blue(D) GrayThe correct answer is (A), “Red.”Go on to the next page, and the test will begin with question number one.In the sixteenth century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration, Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world. As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but he became involved in the quagmire of political intrigue at court and lost the king's favor. After he was dismissed from service to the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain.A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W longitude to Spain and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove that the East Indies fell under Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent. This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South America. Finally they found the passage they sought near a latitude of 50 degrees S. Magellan named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today we know it as the Strait of Magellan.One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were privileged to gaze at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed the meridian we now call the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after ninety-eight days on the Pacific Ocean. During those long days at sea, many of Magellan's men died of starvation and disease.Later Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle. Only one ship and seventeen sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge.1.The sixteenth century was an age of great _exploration.(A) cosmic(B) land(C) mental(D) common man(E) none of the above2. Magellan lost the favor of the king of Portugal when he became involved in a political ___.(A) entanglement(B) discussion (C) negotiation(D) problems(E) none of the above3. The Pope divided New World lands between Spain and Portugal according to their location on one side or the other of an imaginary geographical line 50 degrees west of Greenwich that extends in a ___ direction.(A) north and south(B) crosswise(C) easterly(D) south east(E) north and west4. One of Magellan's ships explored the ___ of South America for a passage across the continent.(A) coastline(B) mountain range(C) physical features(D) islands(E) none of the above5. Four of the ships sought a passage along a southern __.(A) coast(B) inland(C) body of land with water on three sides(D) border(E) answer not available6. The passage was found near 50 degrees of ___.(A) Greenwich(B) The equator(C) Spain(D) Portugal(E) MadridThe longer food is kept, the more likely it is to attract insects. Even foods stored in containers often attract bugs. To solve this problem, scientists have been working with different odors in an attempt to find one strong enough to keep insects from going near food. One possibility would be to use plants with strong smells, like garlic or pine, to keep insects away. Unfortunately, however, using these smells might keep some people away too!A more promising repellent is citronella oil, which comes from a type of lemongrass. An experiment was done using this oil with a certain insect, the red flour beetle. Scientists sprayed cardboard boxes with citronella oil and noticed that the beetles did not enter those boxes. They were much more interested in boxes that were not sprayed.One problem with using citronella oil as a repellent, however, is that it is quite ephemeral — it simply does not last very long. After a few months it loses its smell, and bugs no longer find it unpleasant. Scientists hope to improve citronella oil so that its scent remains strong for a longer time. It will also be necessary to make sure that the oil is not harmful to people, as scientists are still not sure whether it is safe to use around food.7. What is the passage mainly about?(A) Oils used in cooking(B) Ways of protecting food(C) The behavior of a kind of beetle(D) Smells produced by different grasses8. The word one refers to .(A) an odor(B) an insect(C) a scientist(D) a container9. What does the author imply about the odors of garlic and pine?(A) They last for a long time.(B) They are not always very strong.(C) They can be unpleasant to people.(D) They attract certain species of beetles.10. What are repellents?(A) A food source for beetles(B) Machines used to get oil from plants(C) Substances used to keep insects away (D) Chemicals used to speed up plant growth11. Which substance is NOT mentioned as being unpleasant to insects?(A) Pine(B) Flour(C) Garlic(D) Citronella oil12. What does the author say about the sprayed boxes?(A) Beetles avoided them.(B) They were very heavy.(C) They did not contain much food.(D) Many insects were trapped in them.13.The word ephemeral is closest in meaning to .(A) weightless(B) short-lived(C) overpriced(D) not distinguishable14. What are scientists hoping to do in the future?(A) Breed larger beetles(B) Produce better-tasting foods(C) Grow lemongrass in greater quantities(D) Make the odor of citronella oil last longer15. The word scent is closest in meaning to .(A) smell(B) flavor(C) nature(D) standard16. What do scientists still not know about citronella oil?(A) What chemicals it contains(B) Where it comes from(C) Why beetles like it(D) How safe it isWhen another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody pays heed to them. However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall images, by far outnumbering all other animals.Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux complex.Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside. Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in 1963, 23 years after it was discovered.17. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?(A) Wild Animals in Art(B) Hidden Prehistoric Paintings(C) Exploring Caves Respectfully(D) Determining the Age of French Caves18. The words pays heed to are closest in meaning to .(A) discovers(B) watches(C) notices(D) buys19. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of France?(A) It is home to rare animals.(B) It has a large number of caves.(C) It is known for horse-racing events.(D) It has attracted many famous artists. 20. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the cave walls?(A) Birds(B) Bison(C) Horses(D) Wild cats21. The word depict is closest in meaning to .(A) show(B) hunt(C) count(D) draw22. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?(A) It was completely dark inside.(B) The caves were full of wild animals.(C) Painting materials were hard to find.(D) Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.23. The word They refers to .(A) walls(B) artists(C) animals(D) materials24. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintings EXCEPT .(A) temperature changes(B) air movement(C) water(D) light25. What does the passage say happened at the Lascaux caves in 1963 ?(A) Visitors were prohibited from entering.(B) A new lighting system was installed.(C) Another part was discovered.(D) A new entrance was created.Well-known in many countries, tug-of-war is a sports event with easy rules and a lot of action. On a grassy field, two teams pull on opposite ends of a rope. The team that can pull the other team to its side of the field triumphs. Many places have local tug-of-war clubs that compete against each other. An international organization sets the rules of the competition.If one tug-of-war team weighs much more than the other team, then it is easier for the heavier team to win. To keep contests fair, all eight pullers on a team must be weighed. Only teams with similar weights compete against each other.The thrill of tug-of-war has been known for a very long time. In fact, it is one of the world’s oldest events, going back many centuries. Tug-of-war existed in many places in ancient times, including Greece, Egypt, and Korea. At one point it was even included in the Olympic Games. It was introduced into the Olympics in 1900, just four years after the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896 in Greece. It was a part of the Olympics until 1920, when the rope was pulled for the final time as an official Olympic event.26. What is the best title for this passage?(A) Games of Strength and Speed(B) A Simple But Exciting Contest(C) Changing the Rules of a Fun Game(D) The Oldest Sports at the Olympic Games27. The word triumphs is closest in meaning to .(A) wins(B) arrives(C) relaxes(D) gets tired28. What is done before a contest begins?(A) The rope is pulled.(B) The field is measured.(C) The teams are counted.(D) The pullers are weighed 29. What does the author say about tug-of- war regarding the history of the game?(A) It was played in ancient times.(B) It was invented in Greece.(C) Its rules were written down in 1900.(D) It was a part of the first modern Olympic Games.30. What was the last year that tug-of-war was included in the Olympics?(A) 1896(B) 1900(C) 1904(D) 1920。

托福考试模拟试题及答案word一、听力部分1. 听一段对话，然后选择正确的答案。

- 问题：对话中提到了什么活动？- 选项：A. 看电影B. 参加派对C. 去图书馆- 答案：B2. 听一段讲座，然后回答以下问题。

- 问题：讲座中提到了哪些主要观点？- 答案：讲座主要讨论了环境保护的重要性以及个人在日常生活中可以采取的措施。

二、阅读部分1. 阅读以下短文，然后回答相关问题。

- 短文：《城市化的影响》- 问题：城市化对环境有哪些影响？- 答案：城市化导致空气污染、水资源短缺和生物多样性的减少。

2. 阅读以下文章，然后选择正确的答案。

- 文章：《科技与教育》- 问题：科技如何改变教育？- 选项：A. 通过在线课程B. 通过提高学费C. 通过减少教师数量- 答案：A三、口语部分1. 描述你最近参加的一个活动，并解释为什么你选择参加它。

- 答案示例：我最近参加了一个环保志愿者活动，因为我对环境保护非常感兴趣，并且希望能够为保护我们的地球做出贡献。

2. 讨论你如何看待全球化对文化的影响。

- 答案示例：我认为全球化促进了不同文化之间的交流和理解，但同时也可能导致某些文化特色的丧失。

四、写作部分1. 写一篇短文，讨论科技发展对日常生活的影响。

- 答案示例：科技发展极大地方便了我们的日常生活，例如智能手机让我们随时随地都能获取信息，但同时也带来了隐私和安全问题。

2. 选择一个你感兴趣的话题，写一篇文章表达你的观点。

- 答案示例：我选择讨论教育的重要性。

教育不仅能够提高个人的生活质量，也是社会进步和发展的关键。

结束语托福考试是一个全面评估英语能力的测试，希望以上的模拟试题及答案能够帮助你更好地准备考试。

记住，持续的练习和复习是提高语言能力的关键。

祝你考试顺利！请注意，以上内容仅为模拟试题，实际的托福考试内容和形式可能会有所不同。

考生应以官方发布的考试指南为准。

T O E F L-j u n i o r模拟试题(总10页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Language Form and Meaning1. A country’s _______ include all of its minerals, such as coal, gold, and silver.(A) resource (B) financial (C) ability (D) list2 .Whether two people or groups are fighting with words or weapons, we can say they are having a _______.(A) dispute (B) war (C) combat (D) victim3. If some lives in the _______ of your home, you would call that person a neighbor.(A) vicinity (B) remote (C) distant (D) lonely4. If you are always patient, we can say that you _______ lots of patience.(A) acquire (B) erasable (C) eliminable (D) deletable5. Roses _______ greatly in color, size, and shape.(A) fragrant (B) vary (C) aroma (D) thorn6. A _______ is a process that often involves a series of steps.(A) breather (B) half-whisper (C) susurrate (D) procedure7. If you say you have _______ time for an assignment, that means you have enough time to do it.(A) insufficient (B) adequate (C) wanting (D. quiver8. Anything that puts pressure on out emotions, bodies, or minds can be called _______.(A) arrow (B) Stress (C) projectile (D) straight9. Thelma had a _______ with her neighbors over their dogs’ getting into her garbage cans.(A) indignant (B) approximately (C) everywhere (D) resent10. When the Carveys didn’t pay their rent for the third month in a row, the landlord actually came to their door to _____ them.(A) urge (B) console (C) keen (D) scold11. In the 1800s, it must have been very difficult to _______ with people who lived far away. Today we are all lucky to have phones and good mail service.(A) liaison (B) connect (C) beam (D) admonish Questions 1-2612. Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels, thereby _____ from freezing.(A) to save the seeds (B) saving the seeds (C) which saves the seeds (D) the seeds saved13. _____ mineral content in the bones of very young children is low compared to that of adults.(A) If the (B) That is (C) The (D) It is the14. _____, the silvery-checked hornbill chooses a hollow tree for a nest and seals herself in until her chicks are grown.(A) Protection for predators against(B) Against protection predators for(C) For protection against predators(D) Predators against protection for15. A floodplain is an extension of a river channel, _____ not inundated except during a flood.(A) where is it (B) but it is (C) or is (D) in case it16. The United States Congress made Washington, D.C., _____ in 1800.(A) after the government center(B) of the government center(C) the center of government(D) then the center of government17. Astronomer Maria Mitchell was the first woman _____ to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.(A) to be elected (B) was elected(C) which she was elected (D) for her to be elected18. _____ of staging a play that help the audience understand its structure and meaning.(A) Specific aspects(B) When specific aspects(C) Specific aspects are(D) There are specific aspects19. Illustrator Norman Rockwell specialized in finely drawn, richly anecdotal scenes _____.(A) of everyday small-town lift(B) of which everyday life in a small town(C) were in a small town every day(D) small-town life every day20. _____ depends on the density of both the object and the water.(A) An object floats whether or not(B) Whether or not an object floats(C) Floating an object whether or not(D) Whether or not a floating object21. Sturgeons are prized for their blackish roe, _____ when salted and served as an appetizer is called caviar.(A) which (B) such (C) therefore(D) while22. In Navajo society, not only _____ for food and for woo, but also as a means of payment or exchange.(A) sheep were valuable (B) to value the sheep (C) the sheep's value (D) were sheep valued23. John began to learn French last month. _______.(A) His sister did so (B) So did his sister (C) So his sister did (D) His sister so did24. The bridge ______ this photo was taken was built last year.(A) which (B) how (C) who(D) where25. Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow. This means today’s work _____ today.(A) must be done (B) must do (C) must to do (D) must to be done26.--- Hello! May I speak to Mr. Smith, please?---_________(A) See you! (B) I agree with you. (C) Hold on, please. (D) I’d love to.27. Catherine felt uncomfortable a speech before the public and she thought she'd ask the others for help .(A) make (B) made (C) making(D) having made28. Tina ________like dogs very much, but one attacked her two years ago so she doesn't like them anymore.(A) ought to (B) used to (C) must (D) would29. It ______at yesterday's meeting to raise salaries _______ 10% in the next two years.(A) was decided; by (B) has decided; with (C) announced; until(D) has announced; at30. --I don't feel like going to the party this evening.-- . What about watching the tennis game on the computer?(A) So do I (B) Nor I do (C) And I do(D) Neither do I31. --Is that the time? I didn't realise it was so late. I really must be going. ---_________________--I'm afraid so, I've got to start work early tomorrow.(A) Didn't you have a wonderful time?(B) Do you have to leave so early?(C) Can we see each other again soon?(D) Will you please stay longer?32. --Could you tell me the times of trains to Cambridge?--Yes, they leave on the hour.________________--Oh, I have to wait for half an hour!(A) If you hurry you might just get it on time.(B) The next train will arrive in two minutes.(C) You have no time to catch the next train.(D) And the next one goes at 5 o'clock.33. _____ I suggest, he always disagrees.(A) However (B) Whatever (C) Whichever (D) Whoever34. You should put on the notices ______ all the people may see them.(A) where (B) in which (C) At (D) for them35. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .(A) that the little girl asks him(B) the little girl asks him to(C) for the little girl to ask him(D) what the little girl asks him36. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.(A) when (B) that (C) what(D) which37. He is better than _______ I last visited him.(A) when (B) that (C) how(D) whichSTOPIF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED,YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY.DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST.Reading ComprehensionIn the sixteenth century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration, Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world. As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but he became involved in the quagmire of political intrigue at court and lost the king's favor. After he was dismissed from service to the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain.A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W longitude to Spain and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove that the East Indies fell under Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent. This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South America. Finally they found the passage they sought near a latitude of 50 degrees S. Magellan named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today we know it as the Strait of Magellan.One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were privileged to gaze at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed the meridian we now call the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after ninety-eight days on the Pacific Ocean. During those long days at sea, many of Magellan's men died of starvation and disease.Later Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle. Only one ship and seventeen sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge.1.The sixteenth century was an age of great_exploration.(A) cosmic(B) land(C) mental(D) common man(E) none of the above2. Magellan lost the favor of the king of Portugal when he became involved in a political ___.(A) entanglement(B) discussion (C) negotiation(D) problems(E) none of the above3. The Pope divided New World lands between Spain and Portugal according to their location on one side or the other of an imaginary geographical line 50 degrees west of Greenwich that extends in a ___ direction.(A) north and south(B) crosswise(C) easterly(D) south east(E) north and west4. One of Magellan's ships explored the ___ of South America for a passage across the continent.(A) coastline(B) mountain range(C) physical features(D) islands(E) none of the above5. Four of the ships sought a passage along a southern __.(A) coast(B) inland(C) body of land with water on three sides(D) border(E) answer not available6. The passage was found near 50 degrees of ___.(A) Greenwich(B) The equator(C) Spain(D) Portugal(E) MadridThe longer food is kept, the more likely it is to attract insects. Even foods stored in containers often attract bugs. To solve this problem, scientists have been working with different odors in an attempt to find one strong enough to keep insects from going near food. One possibility would be to use plants with strong smells, like garlic or pine, to keep insects away. Unfortunately, however, using these smells might keep some people away too!A more promising repellent is citronella oil, which comes from a type of lemongrass. An experiment was done using this oil with a certain insect, the red flour beetle. Scientists sprayed cardboard boxes with citronella oil and noticed that the beetles did not enter those boxes. They were much more interested in boxes that were not sprayed.One problem with using citronella oil as a repellent, however, is that it is quite ephemeral — it simply does not last very long. After a few months it loses its smell, and bugs no longer find it unpleasant. Scientists hope to improve citronella oil so that its scent remains strong for a longer time. It will also be necessary to make sure that the oil is not harmful to people, as scientists are still not sure whether it is safe to use around food.7. What is the passage mainly about(A) Oils used in cooking(B) Ways of protecting food(C) The behavior of a kind of beetle(D) Smells produced by different grasses8. The word one refers to .(A) an odor(B) an insect(C) a scientist(D) a container9. What does the author imply about the odors of garlic and pine(A) They last for a long time.(B) They are not always very strong.(C) They can be unpleasant to people.(D) They attract certain species of beetles.10. What are repellents?(A) A food source for beetles(B) Machines used to get oil from plants(C) Substances used to keep insects away(D) Chemicals used to speed up plant growth11. Which substance is NOT mentioned as being unpleasant to insects(A) Pine(B) Flour(C) Garlic(D) Citronella oil12. What does the author say about the sprayed boxes(A) Beetles avoided them.(B) They were very heavy.(C) They did not contain much food.(D) Many insects were trapped in them.13.The word ephemeral is closest in meaningto .(A) weightless(B) short-lived(C) overpriced(D) not distinguishable14. What are scientists hoping to do in the future(A) Breed larger beetles(B) Produce better-tasting foods(C) Grow lemongrass in greater quantities(D) Make the odor of citronella oil last longer15. The word scent is closest in meaning to .(A) smell(B) flavor(C) nature(D) standard16. What do scientists still not know about citronella oil(A) What chemicals it contains(B) Where it comes from(C) Why beetles like it(D) How safe it isWhen another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody pays heed to them. However, when the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall images, by far outnumbering all other animals.Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux complex.Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux caves have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside. Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in 1963, 23 years after it was discovered. 17. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage(A) Wild Animals in Art(B) Hidden Prehistoric Paintings(C) Exploring Caves Respectfully(D) Determining the Age of French Caves18. The words pays heed to are closest in meaning to .(A) discovers(B) watches(C) notices(D) buys19. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of France (A) It is home to rare animals.(B) It has a large number of caves.(C) It is known for horse-racing events.(D) It has attracted many famous artists.20. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the cave walls(A) Birds(B) Bison(C) Horses(D) Wild cats21. The word depict is closest in meaning to .(A) show(B) hunt(C) count(D) draw22. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task(A) It was completely dark inside.(B) The caves were full of wild animals.(C) Painting materials were hard to find.(D) Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.23. The word They refers to .(A) walls(B) artists(C) animals(D) materials24. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintings EXCEPT .(A) temperature changes(B) air movement(C) water(D) light25. What does the passage say happened at the Lascaux caves in 1963(A) Visitors were prohibited from entering.(B) A new lighting system was installed.(C) Another part was discovered.(D) A new entrance was created.Well-known in many countries, tug-of-war is a sports event with easy rules and a lot of action. On a grassy field, two teams pull on opposite ends of a rope. The team that can pull the other team to its side of the field triumphs. Many places have local tug-of-war clubs that compete against each other. An international organization sets the rules of the competition.If one tug-of-war team weighs much more than the other team, then it is easier for the heavier team to win. To keep contests fair, all eight pullers on a team must be weighed. Only teams with similar weights compete against each other.The thrill of tug-of-war has been known for a very long time. In fact, it is one of the world’s oldest events, going back many centuries. Tug-of-war existed in many places in ancient times, including Greece, Egypt, and Korea. At one point it was even included in the Olympic Games. It was introduced into the Olympics in 1900, just four years after the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896 in Greece. It was a part of the Olympics until 1920, when the rope was pulled for the final time as an official Olympic event.26. What is the best title for this passage(A) Games of Strength and Speed(B) A Simple But Exciting Contest(C) Changing the Rules of a Fun Game(D) The Oldest Sports at the Olympic Games27. The word triumphs is closest in meaning to .(A) wins(B) arrives(C) relaxes(D) gets tired 28. What is done before a contest begins(A) The rope is pulled.(B) The field is measured.(C) The teams are counted.(D) The pullers are weighed29. What does the author say about tug-of- war regarding the history of the game(A) It was played in ancient times.(B) It was invented in Greece.(C) Its rules were written down in 1900.(D) It was a part of the first modern Olympic Games.30. What was the last year that tug-of-war was included in the Olympics(A) 1896(B) 1900(C) 1904(D) 1920。

Questions 1–4 refer to the following email.Questions 5–12 refer to the following magazine article.Questions 1–4 are about the following announcement.1. What time will the festival begin?A.10 A.M.B.11 A.M.C. 1 P.M.D. 2 P.M.2. In line 2, the word feature is closest in meaning to _______.A.lookB.keepC.includeD.entertain3. What job will be done the day before the festival begins?A.Making postersB.Setting up the gymC.Cleaning up the gymD.Helping the performers4. Who is told to talk to Ms. Braxton?A.ParentsB.StudentsC.TeachersD.Performers5. What would be the best title for the story?A.Joe Joins the TeamB.Practice Makes PerfectC.Bill Wins the Big GameD.Bill's Basketball Problem6. In line 6, the word performed is closest in meaning to _______.A.actedB.playedC.movedD.changed7. Why is Bill upset?A.He plays better in practice than he does during games.B.The school yard is not a good place to practice.C.Joe watches him too closely when he plays.D.His team loses too many games.8. Why does Bill play well when Joe is watching him?A.He is comfortable with Joe.B.Joe tells him how to play better.C.He does not know that Joe is there.D.He wants to prove to Joe that he is a good player.9. Why does Joe decide to gather a group of people?A.Because he wants more players for his teamB.Because he wants to help Bill feel less nervousC.Because he wants to show them his talentD.Because he wants more people to see the next game10. At the end of the story, all of the following people watch Bill practice EXCEPT _____.A.JoeB. a janitorC. a math teacherD.the basketball coach11. Why does the group have to be quiet when they go to the basketball court?A.Because Joe is telling Bill what to doB.Because they do not want Bill to know they were thereC.Because Bill likes to practice aloneD.Because the group needs to listen to Joe’s instructionsQuestions 12–20 are about the following passage.12. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A.Wild Animals in ArtB.Hidden Prehistoric PaintingsC.Exploring Caves RespectfullyD.Determining the Age of French Caves13. In line 3, the words pays heed to are closest in meaning to ______.A.discoversB.watchesC.noticesD.buys14. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of France?A.It is home to rare animals.B.It has a large number of caves.C.It is known for horse-racing events.D.It has attracted many famous artists.15. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the cave walls?A.BirdsB.BisonC.HorsesD.Wild cats16. In line 8, the word depict is closest in meaning to _______.A.showB.huntC.countD.draw17. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?A.It was completely dark inside.B.The caves were full of wild animals.C.Painting materials were hard to find.D.Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.18. In line 12, the word They refers to _______.A.wallsB.artistsC.animalsD.materials19. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintingsEXCEPT _______ .A.temperature changesB.air movementC.waterD.light20. What does the passage say happened at the Lascaux caves in 1963?A.Visitors were prohibited from entering.B. A new lighting system was installed.C.Another part was discovered.D. A new entrance was created.。

Entrance Examination for TOEFL JuniorSection 1 Listening ComprehensionListen to a teacher or school staff member talking to students. Then answer the question.1. What is the subject of the announcement?A The school will be adding new classes.B Three new teachers will be working at the school.C Some students have received an award.D The school is getting its own newspaper.2. What does the teacher want the students to do?A Take everything out of their desksB Put the painting supplies in plastic bagsC Bring paints with them to school on MondayD Put covers on their desks to keep the paint offNow you will hear a longer conversation and a teacher talking to a class. Each is followed by four questions.Conversation 13. What are the speakers mainly discussing?A A new art project in the cityB An assignment for their art classC An art display inside the public libraryD A painting that the girl saw downtown4. Why is the boy excited?A A famous artist is going to visit his class.B His artwork might be seen by many people.C His class might visit an art museum.D He is getting a good grade in his art class.5. Where does the boy say he may go this weekend?A To the zooB To an art storeC To Main StreetD To the public library6. Why does the girl suggest that the boy go to the art room?A So that he can hand in his homeworkB So that he can sign up for a class tripC So that he can see a new paintingD So that he can talk to the teacherConversation 27. What is the main topic of the talk?A A newly discovered type of antB A type of ant with unusual skillsC An increase in the population of one type of antD A type of ant that could be dangerous to humans8. According to the teacher, what is one activity that both leafcutter ants and people do?A Clean their foodB Grow their own foodC Eat several times a dayD Feed their young special food9. What does the teacher say many people think must be true about leafcutter ants?A They eat leaves.B They live in plants.C They have sharp teeth.D They are especially large.10. What did the experiments show about leafcutter ants?A How fast they growB Which plants they eatC Where they look for leavesD How much weight they can carrySection 2 Language Form and Meaning Questions 1–4 refer to the following email.Questions 5–12 refer to the following magazine article.Section 3 Reading Comprehension Questions 1–4 are about the following announcement.1. What time will the festival begin?A 10 A.M.B 11 A.M.C 1 P.M.D 2 P.M.2. In line 2, the word feature is closest in meaning to _______.A lookB keepC includeD entertain3. What job will be done the day before the festival begins?A Making postersB Setting up the gymC Cleaning up the gymD Helping the performers4. Who is told to talk to Ms. Braxton?A ParentsB StudentsC TeachersD PerformersQuestions 5–11 refer to the following story.5. What would be the best title for the story?A Joe Joins the TeamB Practice Makes PerfectC Bill Wins the Big GameD Bill's Basketball Problem6. In line 6, the word performed is closest in meaning to _______.A actedB playedC movedD changed7. Why is Bill upset?A He plays better in practice than he does during games.B The school yard is not a good place to practice.C Joe watches him too closely when he plays.D His team loses too many games.8. Why does Bill play well when Joe is watching him?A He is comfortable with Joe.B Joe tells him how to play better.C He does not know that Joe is there.D He wants to prove to Joe that he is a good player.9. Why does Joe decide to gather a group of people?A Because he wants more players for his teamB Because he wants to help Bill feel less nervousC Because he wants to show them his talentD Because he wants more people to see the next game10. At the end of the story, all of the following people watch Bill practice EXCEPT _____.A JoeB a janitorC a math teacherD the basketball coach11. Why does the group have to be quiet when they go to the basketball court?A Because Joe is telling Bill what to doB Because they do not want Bill to know they were thereC Because Bill likes to practice aloneD Because the group needs to listen to Joe’s instructionsQuestions 12–20 are about the following passage.12. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A Wild Animals in ArtB Hidden Prehistoric PaintingsC Exploring Caves RespectfullyD Determining the Age of French Caves13. In line 3, the words pays heed to are closest in meaning to ______.A discoversB watchesC noticesD buys14. Based on the passage, what is probably true about the south of France?A It is home to rare animals.B It has a large number of caves.C It is known for horse-racing events.D It has attracted many famous artists.15. According to the passage, which animals appear most often on the cave walls?A BirdsB BisonC HorsesD Wild cats16. In line 8, the word depict is closest in meaning to _______.A showB huntC countD draw17. Why was painting inside the Lascaux complex a difficult task?A It was completely dark inside.B The caves were full of wild animals.C Painting materials were hard to find.D Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.18. In line 12, the word They refers to _______.A wallsB artistsC animalsD materials19. According to the passage, all of the following have caused damage to the paintingsEXCEPT _______ .A temperature changesB air movementC waterD light20. What does the passage say happened at the Lascaux caves in 1963?A Visitors were prohibited from entering.B A new lighting system was installed.C Another part was discovered.D A new entrance was created.。

启德TOEFL Junior入学测试卷二零一五年学生姓名：学生年龄：年级：测试老师：测试成绩：测试日期：一、考试说明：此测试题目均选自专业TOEFL Junior试题;题量较TOEFL Junior真实考试有所缩减,为了避免题型干扰,个别题目有所改动;在做题过程中如果感到有压力和难度,是正常现象,请放松心态,发挥正常水平;我们将根据你的测试成绩以及反馈提供最专业性和个性化的解决方案;二、考试时间和分数分配：三、TOEFL Junior测试题Part 1 Listening ComprehensionDirections: this practice set has 9 questions. First you will hear two classroom instructions, which will be followed by one question each. Then you will hear a campus-based conversation and an academic talk or discussion, which will be followed by three or more questions. Please follow along the narrator carefully, as you will hear each listening material only one time.Questions1. What will the students probably do nextA. Clean up a mess in the laboratory.B. Ask the teacher some questions.C. Present reports about a science experiment.D. Put on safety glasses.2. What is the purpose of the talkA. To tell students about the library’s hours and policies.B. To persuade students to use books instead of computers.C. To give students information about the library’s research tools.D. To warn students about unreliable information on the Internet.3. What’s the boy’s problemA. He forgot a phone number.B. His mobile phone is broken.C. He cannot find his mobile phone.D. He left his mobile phone at home.4. What does the boy say his teacher makes the class doA. Turn off their mobile phones.B. Leave their mobile phones at home.C. Put their mobiles inside their desks.D. Keep their mobile phones in their backpacks.5. What will the boy and girl probably do nextA. Call a friend.B. Make some signs.C. Phone the boy’s house.D. Write down a list of phone numbers.6. What is the main topic of the talkA. Places where camels look for food in the desert.B. How camels survive in the desert.C. New kinds of foods discovered in the desert.D. Why temperatures change quickly in the desert.7. What false belief about camels does the speaker correctA. That they run very fast.B. That they are found only in hot regions.C. That they can easily find water in the desert.D. That they store water in their humps.8. What does the speaker imply about the food that camels eatA. It is full of fat.B. It dries out quickly.C. It is difficult to find.D. It contains a lot of water.9. According to the speaker, what is harmful to most animals’ healthA. Drinking too much water.B. Eating food that is very old.C. Going too long without rest.D. Spending a lot of time in the sun.Part 2 Language Form and MeaningIn this section of the test, you will answer 20 questions. Within each text are boxes that contain four possible ways to complete a sentence. Choose the word or words in each box that correctly complete each sentence.1.The students _____ the History Museum if it _____ fine tomorrow.A. will visit….isB. will visit…will beC. would visit …wasD. would visit…would be2.Judy is going to marry the sailor she _______ in Rome last year.A.meetsB.metC.has metD.would meet3. --I'm not finished with my dinner yet.--But our friends______ for us.A. will waitB. waitC. have waitedD. are waiting4. They _____ supper when we _____ into the room.A. are h aving…wentB. were having…goC. w ere having…wentD. are having…go5. It seems it ______.A. will rainB. shall rainC. rainsD. is going to rain6. It’s nothing serious. Your son ____ all right by supper time.A. will beB. shall beC. isD. is going to be7.Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A. would saveB. savesC. had savedD. has saved8 . My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League memberfor about a year now.A. joined…has becomeB. joined…has beenC. has joined…has beenD. did join…had been9. I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t10．--Were you surprised by the ending of the film--No. I______the book, so I already knew the story.A. was readingB. had readC. am readingD. have read11. –We’ve spent too much money recently．--Well,it isn’t surprising．Our friends and relatives______ around all the time.A．are comingB．had comeC．were comingD．have been coming12. Nathan ____ he ____ his life for his country.A. said (iv)B. says…will giveC. said…givesD. said…would give13.The way the guests _____ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A. treatedB. were treatedC. would treatD. would be treated14.Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister.A. cry；to cryB. crying；cryingC. cry；cryD. to cry；cry15.The pupil asked the teacher how much time he spent ＿＿＿＿ violin everyday．A．to practise to play theB．practising playing the C．to practise to playD．practising to play16.The danger ________ the world is too many people with too little food.A. threateningB. threatenedC. which is threatenedD. to be threatened17.Is there a bar around _____ I can have something to eatA. thatB. whatC. whichD. where18.My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house_____there is a power out.A.ifB.unlessC.in caseD.so that19.She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do____ it takes to save her life.A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever20．In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further wego , ____.A. our holidays will be betterB. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will beD. the better will our holiday bePart 3 Reading ComprehensionIn this section of the test, you will read a text and answer 10 questions. Choose the correct answer to each question.Questions 1-6 are about the following articles.migrations; these activities proceed because one ant lays a trail on the ground for the others to follow. As a worker ant returns home after finding a source ofdepositing a tiny amount of trail pheromone—a mixture of chemicals that delivers diverse messages as the context changes. These trails incorporate no directional information and may be followed by other ants in either direction.Unlike some other messages, such arising from a dead ant, a food trail has to be kept secret from members of other species. It is not surprising then that ant species use a wide variety of compounds as trail pheromones. Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals. Investigators working with the trailpheromone of the leafcutter ant Atta texana calculated that one milligram of this substance would suffice to lead a column of ants three times around Earth.The vapor of the evaporating pheromone over the trail guides an ant along the way, and the ant detects this signal with receptors in its antennae. A trailpheromone will evaporate the highest concentration of vapor right over the trail, in what is called a vapor space. In following the trail, the ant movesitself, bringing first one and then the other antenna into the vapor space. As the ant moves to the right, its left antenna arrives in the vapor space. The signal it receives causes it to swing to the left, and the ant then pursues this new course until its right antenna reaches the vapor space. It then swings back to the right, and so weaves back and forth down the trail.1. What does the passage mainly discussA The mass migration of antsB How ants mark and follow a chemical trailC Different species of ants around the worldD The information contained in pheromonesA look upB walk towardC revolve aroundD search for foodA periodicallyB incorrectlyC rapidlyD roughlyA messageB dead antC food trailD species5. According to the passage, why do ants use different compounds as trail pheromonesA To reduce their sensitivity to some chemicalsB To attract different types of antsC To protect their trail from other speciesD To indicate how far away the food is6. The author mentions the trail pheromone of the leafcutter ant to point outA how little pheromone is needed to mark a trailB the different types of pheromones ants can produceC a type of ant that is common in many parts of the worldD that certain ants can produce up to one milligram of pheromone7. According to the passage, how are ants guided by trail pheromonesA They concentrate on the smell of food.B They follow an ant who is familiar with the trailC They avoid the vapor spaces by moving in a straight line.D They sense the vapor through their antennae.A includeB provideC coverD select“ in the passage is closest in meaning toA fallingB depositingC swingingD starting10. According to the passage, the highest amount of pheromone vapor is foundA in the receptors of the antsB just above the trailC in the source of foodD under the soil along the trail。