英语六级长篇阅读拟练习及答案详解

英语六级阅读理解练习试题附答案英语六级阅读理解练习原文：What does the future hold for the problem of housing? A good deal depends, of course, on the meaning of “future”. If one is thinking in terms of science fiction and the space age, it is at least possible to assume that man will have solved such trivial and earthly problems as housing. Writers of science fiction, from H.G. Wells onwards, have had little to say on the subject. They have conveyed the suggestion that men will live in great comfort, with every conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthy and easy, if not happy. But they have not said what his house will be made of. Perhaps some new building material, as yet unimagined, will have been discovered or invented at least. One may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone out of fashion.But the problems of the next generation or two can more readily be imagined. Scientists have already pointed out that unless something is done either to restrict the worlds rapid growth in population or to discover and develop new sources of food (or both), millions of people will be dying of starvation or at the best suffering from underfeeding before this century is out. But nobody has yet worked out any plan for housing these growing populations. Admittedly the worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world, where housing can be light structure or in backward areas where standards are traditionally low. Buteven the minimum shelter requires materials of some kind and in the teeming, bulging towns the low-standard “housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty canvas is far more wasteful of ground space than can be tolerated.Since the war, Hong Kong has suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to arise in many other places during the next generation. Literally millions of refugees arrived to swell the already growing population and emergency steps had to be taken rapidly to preventsqualor(肮脏)and disease and the spread crime. The city is tackling the situation energetically and enormous blocks of tenements(贫民住宅)are rising at an astonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only one small part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely a housing problem, because when population grows at this rate there are accompanying problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage, water supply and so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and the search for quicker and cheaper methods of construction must never cease.英语六级阅读理解练习题目：1. What is the authors opinion of housing problems in the first paragraph?A. They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.B. They are unimportant and easily dealt with.C. They will not be solved until a new building material has been discovered.D. They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the future.2. The writer is sure that in the distant future ____.A. bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.B. a new building material will have been invented.C. bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to be fashionable.D. a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.3. The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the world before the end of the century ___.A. is difficult to foresee.B. will be how to feed the ever growing population.C. will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.D. is the question of finding enough ground space.4. When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that in these parts ___.A. standards of building are low.B. only minimum shelter will be possible.C. there is not enough ground space.D. the population growth will be the greatest.5. Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?A. Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.B. Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions of refugees.C. Hong Kongs crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number of other problems of population growth.D. Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them. 英语六级阅读理解练习答案：AABDD。

大学六级真题长篇阅读及参考详解大学英语六级考试是中国大陆高校学生的一项重要考试。

其中长篇阅读作为考试的难点之一，需要考生对文章内容进行准确理解和深入分析。

本文将通过解析真题，为考生提供参考和指导。

1. 题目解析大学六级真题长篇阅读部分通常由一篇长文和后续的多个问题组成。

考生需要仔细阅读文章，并根据问题选择正确的答案。

在解析文章之前，我们先来看看一个典型的真题：One of the great inventions of the Industrial Revolution was the idea of separating the place of work and the place of living. Before the 18th century, most people lived where they worked. They may have had a small farm or been a tradesman, and they fit their lives around their work. The advent of factories, though, forced people to leave their homes and work in a separate place. Shanghai industry(行业) has for over a century been built on the same principle-—the separation of work and living.But now, government officials in China's financial(金融的) hub(中心) have decided that the separation of work and living no longer holds. Theyare appropriating(拨用) planned factories and turning them into ＂creative spaces“， places where people can go to live and work. The reason, they say, is that living and working apart has created a culture of consumption(消费) rather than of creation.The so-called“creative spaces“ now taking shape represent a 180°shift(转变) in thinking. For generations, people were taught that work was work. It had its place. When they weren't doing it, they would retreat to their personal lives, very often being encouraged to do so by news organizations, which were supported by consumer advertising(广告). People would read newspapers as news-readership, too, was supported by advertising. Now, however, at work people are creating things and thus building cities.The concept is old, long lost in many parts of the world. But Shanghai is reclaiming(回收) it and presents a unique opportunity for the city to become a global leader in culture and design. Schools, theaters, galleries, museums and other forms of culture and art, along with clean manufacturing, are now springing up on the banks of the Huangpu River, and the government makes it easy for people to live and work in these spaces by subsidizing a large part of the rent.从这篇文章中，我们可以看出作者主要讲述的是中国的一个城市——上海，在近年来提倡“创意空间”发展模式，以期改变人们的工作和生活方式，从而达到创造性的发展。

英语六级长篇阅读模拟练习附答案解析Higher Grades Challenge College Application ProcessA) Josh Zalasky should be the kind of college applicant with little to worry about. The highschool senior is taking three Advanced Placement courses. Outside the classroom, he，s involved inmock trial, two Jewish youth groups and has a job with a restaurant chain. He，s a National Meritsemifinalist and scored in the top ? percent of all students who take the ACT.B) But in the increasingly frenzied world of college admissions, even Zalasky is nervous about hisprospects. He doubts he#ll get into the University of Wisconsin, a top choice. The reason: hisgrades. It$s not that they%re bad. Its that so many of his classmates are so good. ZalaskysGPA is nearly an A minus, and yet he ranks only about in the middle of his senior class of 543 atEdina High School outside Minneapolis, Minnesota. That means he will have to find other ways tostand out.C) “Its extremely difficult,” he said. “I spent all summer writing my essay. We even hired aprivate tutor to make sure that essay was the best it can be. But even with that, its like I*m justkind of leveling the playing field.” Last year, he even considered transferring out of his highlycompetitive public school, to some place where his grades would look better.D) Some call the phenomenon that Zalaskys fighting “grade inflation”—implying the boost isundeserved. Others say students are truly earning their better marks. Regardless, its a trendthats been building for years and may only be accelerating: many students are getting very goodgrades. So many, in fact, it is getting harder and harder for colleges to use grades as a measuringstick for applicants.E) Extra credit for AP courses, parental lobbying and genuine hard work by the mostcompetitive students have combined to shatter any semblance of a Bell curve, one in which A，sare reserved only for the very best. For example, of the 47,317 applications the University ofCalifornia, Los Angeles, received for this falls freshman class, nearly 23,000 had GPAs of 4.0 orabove.F) Thats also making it harder for the most selective colleges—who often call grades the singlemost important factor in admissions—to join in a growing movement to lessen the influence ofstandardized tests.G) “We，re seeing 30, 40 valedictorians at a high school because they don，t want to createthese distinctions between students,” said Jess Lord, dean of admission and financial aid atHaverford College in Pennsylvania. “ If we dont have enough information, theres a chance wellbecome more heavily reliant on test scores, and thats a real negative to me.”H) Standardized tests have endured a heap of bad publicity lately, with the SAT raising angerabout its expanded length and recent scoring problems. A number of schools have stopped requiringtest scores, to much fanfare.I) But lost in the developments is the fact that none of the most selective colleges havedropped the tests. In fact, a national survey shows overall reliance on test scores is higher inadmissions than it was a decade ago. “Its the only thing we have to evaluate students that willhelp us tell how they compare to each other,” said Lee Stetson, dean of admissions at theUniversity of Pennsylvania.J) Grade inflation is hard to measure, and experts，caution numbers are often misleadingbecause standards and scales vary so widely. Different practices of “weighting” GPAs for AP workalso play havoc. Still, the trend seems to be showing itself in a variety of ways.K) The average high school GPA increased from 2.68 to 2.94 between 1990 and 2000,according to a federal study. Almost 23 percent of college freshmen in 2005 reported their averagegrade in high school was an A or better, according to a national survey by UCLAs Higher EducationResearch Institute. In 1975, the percentage was about half that.L) GPAs reported by students on surveys when they take the SAT and ACT exams have alsorisen—and faster than their scores on those tests. That suggests their classroom grades arent risingjust because students are getting smarter. Not surprisingly, the test-owners say grade inflationshows why testing should be kept: it gives all students an equal chance to shine.M) The problems associated with grade inflation arent limited to elite college applicants. Morethan 70 percent of schools and districts analyzed by an education audit company calledSchoolMatch had average GPAs significantly higher than they should have been based on theirstandardized test scores—including the school systems in Chicago,Illinois, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,Denver, Colorado, San Bernardino, California, and Columbus, Ohio. That raises concerns aboutstudents graduating from those schools unprepared for college. “They get mixed in with studentsfrom more rigorous schools and they just get blown away,”said SchoolMatch CEO WilliamBainbridge.N) In Georgia, high school grades rose after the state began awarding HOPE scholarships tostudents with a 3.0 high school GPA. But the scholarship requires students to keep a 3.0 GPA incollege, too, and more than half who received the HOPE in the fall of 1998 and entered theUniversity of Georgia system lost eligibility before earning 30 credits. Next year, Georgia is taking arange of steps to tighten eligibility, including calculating GPA itself rather than relying on schools, andno longer giving extra GPA weight to vaguely labeled “honors”classes.O) Among those who work with students gunning for the more selective colleges, opinionsdiffer as to why there seem to be so many straight-A students. “I think there are more pressuresnow than there used to be, because 20 or 30 years ago kids with a B plus average got into some ofthe best colleges in the country,” said William Shain, dean of admissions and financial aid at BowdoinCollege in Maine. “It didn，t matter if you had a 3.9 instead of a 3.95. I don，t know if it mattersnow either, but people are more likely to think it does.”P) Lord, the Haverford dean, sees grade inflation as the outcome of an irrational fear amongstudents to show any slip up—in grades or discipline. In fact, colleges like his are often moreinterested in students who have overcome failure and challenge than robots who havenever beenanything less than perfect. “There，s a protection and encouragement of self-esteem that I dontagree with, but I think its a lot of whats going on here,” he said. “And the college admissionsprocess feeds into that.”Q) Back in Minnesota, Edina may join a growing number of schools that no longer officially rankstudents—a move that could help students like Zalasky, who says he was told by Wisconsin his classrank makes him a longshot. “They feel theyre being left behind or not getting into the schools thattheyre applying to because of a particular class rank,” says Edina counselor Bill Hicks. “And thereis some validity with respect to some certain schools that use certain formulas.”R) But the colleges most popular with Edina students already know how strong the school is:students median verbal and math SAT scores are 1170 out of 1600. Hicks isnt willing to blamethe concentration grades at the top on spineless teachers, or on grade-grubbing by parents andstudents. Expectations are high, and grades are based on student mastery of the material, not acurve. Wherever teachers place the bar for an A, the students clear it.S) “Everyone here is like, if I can get a 98 why would I get a 93? said Lavanya Srinivasan, whowas ranked third in her Edina class last year. Far from being pushovers, she says, Edina teachers aretougher than those in a course she took at Harvard last summer. Zalasky agrees the students workhard for their high grades. “The mentality of this school is, if youre not getting straight A，s yourenot doing well,” he said. “Theres just so much pressure on us day in and day out to get straight Asthat everybody does.” Hicks compares the atmosphere at Edina to the World Seriesexpectationsthat always surround the superstar lineup of the New York Yankees. “If they dont win it,” he said, “then its failure.”1. Nearly half of the applications that the University of California received this autumn had GPAsof 4.0 or above.2. It，s also harder for the most selective colleges to lessen the effect of standardized tests.3. More than 30 years ago, about 11.5 percent of college freshmen reported their averagegrade in high school was an A or better.4. Because of the negative effects of standardized tests recently,a lot of universities have nolonger required test scores.5. Some think Zalaskys improvement unworthy, while others think his high grades win thepraise for him.6. Because many of his classmates are so outstanding, Zalasky is nervous about his collegeapplication.7. Some colleges would like to admit students who have conquered failure and challenge ratherthan those who have never been anything less than perfect.8. In the next year, Georgia is taking a series of measures to tighten qualification, includingcalculating GPA itself and avoiding paying too much attention to vaguely labeled “honors” classes.9. In Zalasky，s opinion, students are put under great pressure to work hard to get straightA"s, or they will be regarded as losers.10. More and more schools no longer officially rank students by grade, which can help studentslike Zalasky.内容概要*指出，目前美国大学在录取新生时，仍然比较看重分数。

六级长篇阅读专项练习带答案六级长篇阅读专项练习原文：[A] Any payment is a good debt payment, but a strategy can be useful too-even if your strategy means opening the envelope.Open the envelope[B] This is the hardest thing to do. The bills come with the "Sallie Mae" or "Discover" logo on them and you toss them aside, hoping to deal with them when you feel less besieged 围攻. Youknow you started owing some amount- $20,000, $50,000, $100,000—and that the interest is piling up, but you don't know exactly how much or how. When faced with heavy debt, many people try toavoid seeing the numbers.[C] This doesn't work, even psychologically. Anyone who has let credit-card bills or mortgage bills pile up, 1reopened, knows that avoiding the envelope does not reduce your anxiety; itincreases it. As those envelopes multiply, they take over your psychological state. In horror movies, it's like the monster in the room behind the door. You don't know what it looks like, butit keeps you scared and immobile. So, open the envelope.[D] Or, even better, log in online. All student loan providers have a web site where you can see what you owe, your interest rates, and your payment schedules. SallieMae. com is no-frills,but still allows you to see your loans on one screen, including your interest rates. Discover. corn also has a pretty basic site. Citibank has a more complex site. Get used to logging intothese sites pretty often; ff you need motivation, think of it asvisiting your money while it's in prison.[E] The websites all have one thing in common: they let you see how much you owe, and what your interest is, and they make it easy to pay-but theydon't let you see how much your debt load isgrowing. This is a major motivating factor in paying down your loans. Identify your loans[F] Are your loans held by the federal government--usually through Sallie Mae--or through "private" lenders like Citibank or Discover? if you don't knowwho holds your loans, you can find outhere, at the National Student Loan Data System.[G] Why do you need to know who holds your loans? This will make a difference to your payment options and your interest rates, if you have a federal loan, for instance, your interest rate isprobably very low, around 32% ; ff you have private loans, the interest rates are likely to be much higher, around 48%. Federal loans also give you options like requesting forbearance 延期还贷 ffyou're out of work or if your income is too low-handy for the times when you're down on your luck.Start seeing your debt in new ways[H] The websites of lenders are often limited and only have basic information. To really tackle your student loans, it can often be useful to visualize how much progress you're making. Thereare several ways to do that.[I] One really useful new free site is Tuition. io, which gathers information for all your loans in one place. You can see your debt in colorful charts, play around with repayment plans, and,once you start paying your loans, you can see the numbers start to fall. That can be very motivating.[J] For the same effect that you can customize yourself, try a Google Docs spreadsheet. There's a template that already exists for paying down loans; it has the unpromising title of "Loanamortization schedule by Vertex42. corn" but it has very handy calculators built in so that you can tweak your monthly payments to see how much progress you can make if you increase or decreaseyour payments in any given month. If you don't like that template, just create a Google Docs spreadsheet with the categories you need: date; loan name/number; loan interest rate; starting loanamount including how much you owe on that date ; payment amount you made on that date; ending loan amount after that payment. After you have enough entries, you can start creating graphs;there are few things more satisfying than seeing that graph move downward as you pay off your debt.[K] If you want to see your loans in a larger context of your whole financial picture, LearnVest is a great mobile app for iPhone. It gathers all your information income, loans, credit carddebt by linking to your accounts. It serves up useful graphs on your net worth, comparing your assets to what you owe -and there's nothing more motivating than seeing a "minus" sign next toyour financial picture. LearnVest "also lets you track your spending, which may make it easier to see where to cut down on expenses so that you can put more into your loan payments. LearnVestalso has a good website full of useful advice .Don't be afraid to scare yourself[L] Student loans can often be scary and that's Why you should slay them. The more you see how much you owe, and how fast your interest is rising, the more motivated you can be to fight backby paying those loans. One staffer, after she saw how much money she was wasting on interest payments, increased her student loan payments by $ 75 a month.[M] It can also be tempting to believe that your student debt is so big that nothing you do can ever make a dent in it. That's completely untrue. Only paying your loans will shrink them. Itwill take years, true. It will take even longer if you don't pay, or pay the minimum. There's only one outcome of shirking your loans: ending up with bigger loans. Then you're in an even biggerbind. No one is going to save you from student loans. Action counts.Choose a strategy[N] Any payment is a good payment, but a strategy can be very useful too. There are two aspects to loans :principal and interest .Principal is how much you've borrowed ,and the interest iswhat you're paying every month for the privilege of having borrowed that money. Your goal is to pay down as much of the principal as possible. Your chief enemy here is interest: it grows fast,and makes the principal recede more distantly.[O] So make sure you know the rank of your loans, in order from smallest to largest, and lowest interest to highest interest. Do whatever is possible to reduce the interest; as our columnistHelaine Olen points out, Sallie Mac offers you a 0. 25% reduction inyour loan interest if you sign up for an automatic debit 借方 plan--just make sure the money is always going to be in youraccount. If you don't want to do that, follow Helaine's other piece of advice: you're smarter to pay off the loans with the higher interest rateflint. This will create the biggest impact.Another popular strategy is the "snowball" method, where you pay themost on the smallest debt owed. So if you have a $20,000 loan and a $10,000 loan, the "snowball" method means you will startpaying more towards the $10,000 loan. You'll see it disappear faster. These two methods don't always go together; so try what feels comfortable. The important thing is to see and track yourprogress.[P] If your income isn't enough, consider other methods of producing money: side projects, odd jobs, or selling things you don't need on eBay orCraigslist. For those whose parents can affordit, working out a joint payment plan can make sense. One graduate weknow struck a savvy 精明的 deal with his parents: if he made the minimumstudent loan payment every month, they wouldcontribute $100 toward his student loans. That's $100 he doesn't have to cut from his own budget. As a benefit, making bigger payments will help youpay down the principal of the loan, sincethe minimum payments often only end up reducing your interest, which balloons back later. Even $ 50 more a month can help.[Q] Here's an example: if you have a $ 20,000 loan, with a 4.2% interest, rate, you will end up paying an extra $ 2,814 in interest alone over six and a half years. If you increase yourpayment by only $ 50 a month, you'll cut that interest by $ 500 ; ff you can find a way to pay $ I00 more a month, you'll save nearly $ 800 in interest. That's $ 800 more in the bank, and $ 800less wanted on pointless interest payments.Take it in stride[R] Most Americans owe some form of debt; learning how to handle it is a lifelong process. Most of all, don't beat yourself up if you're not perfect at paying down your loans. Some of thesavviest financial players struggled for years with their own finances. We all learn in our own time and we rind what works for us and what doesn't. Accept your own progress.六级长篇阅读专项练习选项：46. If you have a federal loan, you are allowed to pay back the loan later when you are fired.47. LearaVest informs you about your spending so that you can see where to save money to pay off your debt.48. Even for financial experts, financial problems may have taken them years to deal with.49. You are advised to start with the loans with the higher interest rate.50. Many Americans are in debt and learning how to handle it will take a lifetime.51. With Google Docs spreadsheet, you can create your own personalized debt graphs.52. If you don't have enough income, you are advised to try other ways of making money.53. Those student, loan providers' websites don't present the growth of your debt load.54. The result of inaction to your loans is to bring about bigger loans.55. When you toss away envelopes containing your bills, you actually feel more anxious about it.六级长篇阅读专项练习答案：46.If you have a federal loan.you are allowed to pay back the loan later when you are fired.详解如果你有联邦贷款，可以在失业时延期还款。

大学英语六级改革适用（长篇阅读）模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading ComprehensionSection BThe Happiness Effect[A]The next time you get the flu, there will almost certainly be someone you can blame for your pain. There’s the inconsiderate co-worker who decided to drag himself to the office and spent the day sniffling, sneezing and shivering in the cubicle next to yours. Or your child’s best friend, the one who showed up for a playdate with a runny nose and a short supply of tissues. Then there’s the guy at the gym who spent more time sneezing than sweating on the treadmill before you used it.[B]You’re right to pass the blame. Pathogens(致病菌)like the influenza virus pass like a holiday fruitcake from person to person, but you probably don’t think much past the one who gave it directly to you. An infectious-disease expert, on the other hand, would not be satisfied to stop there. What about the person who passed the virus on to your colleague, the one before him and others earlier still? Contagious(传染性的)diseases operate like a giant infectious network, spreading like the latest YouTube clip among friends of friends online. We’re social animals; we share.[C]So public-health experts are beginning to wonder whether certain health-related behaviors are just as contagious as microbes. If you’re struggling with your weight, did you in effect catch a case of fat by learning poor eating and exercise habits from a friend or family member who was similarly infected by someone else? If you smoke, do you light up because you were behaviorally contaminated by smokers who convinced you of the coolness of the habit? Even more important, if such unhealthy behaviors are contagious, are healthy ones —like quitting smoking or exercising —equally so? And what if not only behaviors but also moods and mental states work the same way? Can you catch a case of happy?[D]Increasingly, the answer seems to be yes. That’s the intriguing conclusion from a body of work by Harvard social scientist Dr. Nicholas Christakis and his political-science colleague James Fowler at the University of California at San Diego. The pair created a sensation with their announcement earlier this month of a 20-year study showing that emotions can pass among a network of people up to three degrees of separation away, so your joy may, to a larger extent than you realize, be determined by how cheerful your friends’ friends’ friends are, even if some of the people in this chain are total strangers to you.[E]If that’s so, it creates a whole new paradigm for the way people get sick and, more important, how to get them healthy. It may mean that an individual’s well-being is the product not just of his behaviors and emotions but more of the way they feed into a larger social network. Think of it as health Facebook-style. “We have a collective identity as a population that transcends individual identity,”says Christakis. “This superorganism has an anatomy(解剖学),physiology, structure and function that we are trying to understand.”[F]In their most recent paper, published in the British Medical Journal, Christakis and Fowler explored the emotional state of nearly 5,000 people and the more than 50,000 social ties they shared. At three points during the long study, all the participants answered a standard questionnaire to determine their happiness level, so that the scientists could track changes in emotional state.[G]That led to their intriguing finding of just how contagious happiness can be: if a subject’s friend was happy, that subject was 15% more likely to be happy too; if that friend’s friend was happy, the original subject was 10% more likely to be so. Even if the subject’s friend’s friend’s friend —entirely unknown to the subject —was happy, the subject still got a 5.6% boost. The happiness chain also worked in the other direction, radiating from the subject out to his friends.[H]The happiness dividend is more powerful if two people not only know each other but also are equally fond of each other. Happiness is more infectious in mutual relationships(in which both people name the other as a friend)than in unreciprocated ones(in which only one is named).[I]And it’s not just in sterile(枯燥乏味的)study settings that the contagion of happiness is spreading. Christakis and Fowler noticed that people who are smiling on their Facebook pages tend to cluster together, forming an online social circle like a delirious flock of cyberbirds. And while some of this joy can certainly be traced to the copycat effect —if your friends post smiling pictures, you might feel like a grouch(不高兴的人)if you don’t too —Christakis and Fowler are analyzing the clusters to see if something more infectious might be at work.[J]Skeptics raise other concerns, ones that go beyond the copycat effect. Couldn’t happy people simply be exposed to similar lifestyles or social factors that explain their shared joy, such as favorable weather, low unemployment rates or a winning baseball team? If that were the case, argue the authors, then happiness would spread more uniformly among all the relationships; instead, it varied depending on whether the friendship was mutual or merely one-sided. As the investigators teased out these factors, they found that environment didn’t have nearly the power that relationships did.[K]The infectiousness of happiness is only the latest in a series of similar phenomena Christakis and Fowler have stud-ied. In 2007 they published a paper showing that obesity travels across webs in a similar way, with individuals having a 57% greater risk of being overweight if they have an obese friend. The same holds true for quitting smoking, with success 30% more common among friends of quitters than among friends of smokers.[L]In all these cases, there’s a predictable topography(地形)to how people influence one another, one that can be reduced to a sort of social map. People who are central to their networks —who in effect are the hub through which most of the other relationships or information flows —may have the most influence on others and in turn are the most influenced by them. But just because you start off at the center of your web does not guarantee that you’ll stay there. In the 1970s, smokers were more likely to occupy that focal position in their network of friends and family. Look at a similar social map today, and you’ll see that the smokers have drifted to the periphery(外围).[M]The better this kind of mapping becomes, the more value it has.[N]Officials at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)are exploiting the connectedness of youngsters in online socialnetworks, for example, to improve flu-vaccination rates, not just among those under age 18 but among all the people to whom these children have ties. “Because of their social and peer networks, children have a higher likelihood of sharing information with the most people,”says Jay Bernhardt of the CDC. By targeting youngsters on these sites with information about the importance of annual flu shots, health officials hope to trigger a literal and figurative viral wave of vaccination among the kids’ peers, their peers’ peers, and even those peers’ parents and grandparents.[O]”We are always looking for exciting new areas of research that will help people live healthier,” says Richard Suzman, director of the division of behavioral and social research at the National Institute on Aging. “Without a doubt, I see this as a very promising area.”And with the health community a web like any other, expect that idea to spread further and further.1．Environmental factors couldn’t explain people’s shared joy, because the spreading of happiness varied among different relationships.正确答案：J解析：根据题干中的explain people’s shared joy,varied将本题出处定位于[J]段第2、3句。

六级英语篇章阅读练习带答案详解六级英语篇章阅读练习：体育休闲Depending on which player you ask, the "Fevernova" ball that sports equipment maker Adidas says provides the ultimate soccer experience is Uncontrollable, too big or just simply "stupid". The ball also has its fans, like Englands David Beckham. but so far they seem to have been outnumbered by critics.Adidas says the ball. splashed with gold coloring. is quite simply the best around-25 percent more accurate than the ball used at France 98 thanks to meticulous testing by scientists in Germany.The tongue-twisting nature of its contents confirms that the World Cup ball has come a long way from the leather-and-laces variety that was common as recently as the 1960s.The Fevernovas secret. Adidas says. is its radically improved Syntactic foam and unique knitted Raschel fabric.Given that this is supposed to make the ball faster and provide the freekick specialists like Beckham with more power, it may not be surprising that goalkeepers like Buffon are unhappy. Spain goalkeeper Pedro Contreras said the bail acts "strangely", while Danish keeper Thomas Sorensen admitted gloomily that it would probably result in more spectacular goals. "As a goalkeeper, you have to live with the fact thatthe makers create balls for the benefit of strikers." he said before leaving Copenhagen for South Korea.But outfield players have also weighed in with criticism, many saying the ball is too light and therefore hard to control. "Its big and its too light," Japans Jiji news agency quoted Brazilian forward Edilson as saying earlier this month. while striker Rivaldo said it soared too far when kicked.Journalists at the main press centre in Yokohama have been given the chance to try out the Fevernova from the penalty spot, with the aim of hitting special targets in the goal. So far. few have been able to score more than five out of ten, although this may have little to do with the quality of the ball.Putz. admits that the ball is on the light side of FIFAs 420 to 445 gram weight requirement. but says it is no bigger than previous balls.The controversy over the ball also has an off-pitch dimension. Industry insiders say it may be no coincidence that players from Brazil. sponsored by Adidas rival Nike, have been among the balls most vociferous critics.The same might go for the praise dished out for the ball by Beckham. one of the main players used to promote Adidas equipment.篇章阅读练习题目：1. How does Adidas describe the "Fevernova”ba11?A) The experience provided by the ball is the best so far.B) The ball is almost impossible to control because of its large size.C) The ball has gone through a long way of development.D) The experience provided by the ball is most welcome by strikers.2. What does the author think about the Syntactic foam and unique Raschel fabric chat are used to make the ball?A) The materials have long been used in history.B) The materials do not sound Familiar.C) The materials are new and advanced.D) The materials improve che precision of the ball.3. The goalkeepers tend to admit reluctantly that_____________.A) the ball is too strange to controlB) the ball is so light that it goes too fastC) the ball may make the game more thrillingD) the ball may help to enhance the strikers skills4. Which of the following js true according to Putz?A) The ball is lighter than but of the same size as the previous ones.B) The ball should have been heavier to meet the required weight.C) The ball should have been bigger than the previous ones.D) The ball is light but still meets the weight requirement.5. According to industry insiders. Beckhams comment on theball_____________.A) is justified in his daily trainingB) is out of commercial purposeC) goes as radical as the Brazilian playersD) is similar to that by the Brazilian players篇章阅读练习答案详解：1.阿迪达斯如何形容“飞火流星”球?A) 这个球所带来的体验是迄今为止最好的。

2021年12月大学英语六级阅读长篇文章真题及答案分析2021年12月的大学英语六级考试是许多考生期待已久的一场考试，其中阅读长篇文章是考试中的重要部分。

本文将针对2021年12月大学英语六级阅读长篇文章的真题进行分析和答案解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对这部分试题。

第一篇文章：新冠疫苗的发展这篇文章主要介绍了新冠疫苗的发展过程和关键技术。

作者首先提到了新冠疫苗的重要性和紧迫性，随后详细介绍了不同类型的新冠疫苗以及它们的研发原理和技术特点。

文章中还提到了世界各国在疫苗开发方面的合作和竞争，并对未来的疫苗发展趋势进行了展望。

第二篇文章：网络隐私安全问题这篇文章主要探讨了网络隐私安全问题，并提出了一些解决方案。

作者首先介绍了网络隐私泄露的危害和现状，接着详细分析了导致网络隐私泄露的原因和方式。

文章中还讨论了网络隐私保护的技术和政策，并指出了个人和社会的责任。

最后，作者呼吁加强网络安全意识和法律法规建设。

第三篇文章：城市交通拥堵问题这篇文章主要讲述了城市交通拥堵问题并探讨了解决方案。

作者首先介绍了城市交通拥堵的现状和影响，接着分析了导致交通拥堵的原因和问题。

文章中还提出了一些解决交通拥堵问题的方法，如优化交通管理、鼓励公共交通、发展智能交通系统等。

最后，作者强调了人们改变出行方式的重要性。

以上是三篇可能出现在2021年12月大学英语六级阅读长篇文章部分的题目和内容概述。

考生在备考时可以根据这些题目预习相关的知识，并且掌握文章分析和解答的方法。

希望本文对考生的备考有所帮助，祝愿各位考生在考试中取得好成绩！。

英语六级的阅读练习题及答案英语六级的阅读练习题及答案「篇一」1.She was a very quiet and kind director.She neverlaughed,___1___lose her temper.But when she worked she was verystrict.We have been told by her that under no circumstance____2___the telephone in the office for personal affairs。

1.[a] or she never did [b]nor did she ever[c]or did she ever [d]nor she never did2.[a]may we use [b]we may use[c]we could use [d]did we use2.Seldom___3___any mistakes during my past five years ofworks.However,I still could not gain success as a good writer like my teacher.Finally my teacher told me:”Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of life around you___4___write successfully and meaningfully”3.[a]should I make [b]did I make[c]I did make [d]would I make4.[a]you will [b]can’t you[c]you can [d]can you答案：1.选B。

该题考点为当前面的句子和后面的句子都含否定意义时，后面的分句常用nor连接，并采用部分倒装语序。

英语六级阅读理解模拟附答案参考答案：11.E 12.I 13.F 14.K 15.G 16.D 17.L 18.J 19.F 20.CThe Louisiana PurchaseOn April 30, 1803, the area of the United States approximately doubled. Until that time, UnitedStates territory had extended from the Atlantic Ocean to the banks of the Mississippi and from theGreat Lakes and the St. Lawrence River to the thirty-first parallel. The national land now wasexpanded westward to include practically all of the area between the Mississippi River and the RockyMountains and between the Gulf of Mexico and the Canadian border. On that day, for fifteen milliondollars, the United States purchased from France 875,000 square miles of territory. After Robert R.Livingston, an American who represented President Jefferson in France, signed his name to thetreaty, he rose, shook hands with James Monroe and Marbois, the Frenchman representingNapoleon and remarked, "We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our lives. " As weglance backward upon this important event in history, we must agree that the signing of the treatyfor the purchase of Louisiana was probably the most important event in Thomas Jeffersonsadministration. Without the acquisition of this territory, the United States would most probablyhave not developed into the powerful nation which it is today.What Causes Led to Purchase of the Louisiana TerritoryUntil 1763, Louisiana had been a possession of France, but in that year it was given to Spain torepay an old debt. Twenty years later in Paris, the treaty ending the American Revolution wassigned between the United States and Great Britain. One of the terms of this treaty was that thewestern border of the United States was to stretch to the Mississippi River. Immediately settlersand pioneers crossed westward over the Allegheny Mountains to clear the territory and establishfarms. Since roads were scarce and difficult to travel, the products of these farmers had to beshipped on the waterways leading to the Mississippi River and then down this great stream to NewOrleans. At this port city, the produce was transferred to larger ocean-going vessels andtransported to markets on the Eastern Seaboard or to Europe. However, Spains ownership ofboth shores of the river for at least two hundred miles north of New Orleans permitted this foreignnation to control the trade moving on the Mississippi. As a monarchy (君主政体) ，the Spanishgovernment distrusted the rising spirit of democracy in the United States, especially the much freerexpression of democracy that existed among the western farmers. This distrust of democracyresulted in the desire of the Spanish to deny the use of the great river to any Americans. Thereaction was instantaneous (瞬间的 ) and furious, western farmers raised their voices to protestand the United states sent John Jay to Madrid to discuss this matter. In 1795 this conflict wassettled. Spain consented to allow citizens of the United States the right to use the lower MississippiRiver and also the "right of deposit" at New Orleans, the right of deposit permitted Americanfarmers, without a duty charge, to remove their products from smaller boats at New Orleans afterhaving navigated down the Mississippi, and then to transfer the agricultural commodities to largerocean-going vessels.For the succeeding five years this agreement was observed and little conflict existed. OnOctober 1, 1800, however, Spain signed a treaty giving the ownership of the Louisiana territoryback to France. The news of this treaty did not reach Jefferson until May of the following year. Assoon as he became aware of the change in ownership of the territory, Jefferson realized that thiswas part of a plan by which Napoleon hoped to establish France as a great power in the New World.Although Napoleon still permitted Spain to remain in control of the port of New Orleans, the futurethreat to the navigation rights of the western farmers still remained. At any moment, Napoleonmight send troops to the "Gateway" and forbid Americans to use it for navigation. This wouldaffect almost forty per cent of the total export trade of the United States. By April 1802 Jeffersonsconcerns in this matter became even more intense. Napoleon had shipped armed forces to SantoDomingo to suppress the uprising. Once this had been accomplished, the troops were underorders to take possession of Louisiana with its key port city of New Orleans. On the eighteenth ofthat month the President wrote his now-famous letter to the American Minister to France, Robert R.Livingston.There is one place on the globe, one single spot, the possessor of which is our natural andhabitual enemy. It is New Orleans through which the produce of three eighths of our territorymust pass to market. . . it seals the union of two nations who in conjunction can maintainexclusive possession of the ocean. From that moment we must marry ourselves to the Britishfleet and nation.Seven months later Jefferson learned that the Spanish officials at New Orleans hadsuspended(暂不实行) the right of deposit. Immediately westernfarmers protested. Many demanded immediate action. Others pressed for a declaration ofwar. The Federalists in the East who opposed Jefferson sided with those who wished to declarewar, in order to split the ranks of his followers. In January 1803, Congress appropriated two milliondollars "to defray (支付) expenses to help improve relations between the United States and foreignnations. " Jefferson asked James Monroe to sail for France to resolve the difficulty. Monroe wasinstructed to negotiate for the purchase of New Orleans and Florida. He was permitted to offer50,000,000 francs for this concession of territory. If this offer were refused, then an alternativeoffer of 37,500,000 francs was to be made for New Orleans alone. A third alternative to be used inthe negotiation was to insist upon the permanent right of deposit at New Orleans and navigationalong the lower Mississippi. If all three offers were rejected by Napoleon, Monroe and Livingstonwere instructed to negotiate an alliance with the British Government "not to make any peace withFrance. "Why Napoleon Sold LouisianaEvents favored the United States. Napoleon had transported 35,000 troops to wipe out therebellion in Santo Domingo, but yellow fever and the rebels did away with most of the Frenchtroops. With this disaster Napoleons visions of expanding in the mainland at New Orleansvanished. He also recognized he inevitability of a conflict with Great Britain. How could he hope tokeep Louisiana, thousands of miles away across the Atlantic, as long as Britain was "Empress of theSeas"? The revenue that the sale of Louisiana would bring to.France was a temptation to Napoleon, whose treasury was almost depleted (消耗).Confronted with so many problems Napoleon quickly arrived at a decision.On April 11, 1803, evenbefore the arrival of Monroe in Paris, Talleyrand proposed that the United States purchase all of theLouisiana territory.Livingstons first offer for this "bargain" was 20, 000, 000 francs, but Talleyrandcountered with a demand for 125,000,000. In a brief negotiation both finally compromised on80,000,000 francs, equivalent to $ 15,000,000 inAmerican money. On April 30, 1803, Louisiana became the possession of the United States.Three-fourths of the sum went to France, the balance was reserved to pay the claims of Americancitizens against France.1. The passage gives a general description of the reasons for and the effect of the Louisianapurchase.2. The purchase of Louisiana helped the U. S. to grow into the powerful nation which it is today.3. The Louisiana purchase only expanded the territory of the U. S. .4. The rising spirit of democracy in the U. S. was introduced to Spain and Franceinstantaneously.5. The purchase of Louisiana was accomplished at a much lower price than originallyintended.6. Spain was the original possessor of the Louisiana territory.7. Livingstons eloquence persuaded Marbois to accept an unreasonably low price for theLouisiana territory.8. Louisiana was sold to the U. S, for______francs.9. The Federalists in the East of U. S. were in favor of declaring war on Spain because theywished to______of President Jeffersons followers.10. When Louisiana was purchased, the export trade moving on the Mississippi accountedfor___of the total export trade of the U. S. . 参考答案：I. Y 2. Y 3. N 4. N 5. Y 6. N 7. NG 8. 80,000,000 9. split the ranks10. 40%。

大学英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案高校英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value，以下是我为大家搜寻整理的高校英语CET6长篇阅读训练题及答案，期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!Preparing for Computer DisastersA: Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B: Fires, power surges, and floods, theyre all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequencesmelted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: It wont happen to me. Well, the truth is, at some point youll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. Thats just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldnt be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain ourdata survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and theyre even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC: House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. Thats why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. Thats because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computerstucked away in a closet or even the garagebut theyre not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, its important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D: There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldnt add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files ina pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk typesfrom CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E: Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF: Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids rearrange data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, its important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response thats more nuanced thanwholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, youll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, youll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG: When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, its simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handlefull-scale backups, its also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, its the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H: Lifes disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, dontwait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.5. Its necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案解析1. A依据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本文的第一段。

六级英语阅读理解练习附答案解析六级英语阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，需要考生重视对阅读的练习。

下面是我为大家带来六级英语阅读理解练习附答案解析，盼望对大家的六级英语考试备考有所关心!六级英语阅读理解练习：可再生能源Renewable EnergyIn the past century,it has been seen that the consumption of non-renewable sources of energy has caused more environmental damage than any other human activity. Electricity generated from fossil fuels such as coal and crude oil has led to high concentrations of harmful gases in the atmosphere.This has in turn led to many problems being faced today such as ozone depletion and global warming. Vehicular pollution has also been a major problem.Therefore,alternative sources of energy have become very important and relevant to todays world.These sources,such as the sun and wind,can never be exhausted and therefore arc called renewable.They cause less emission and are available locally.Their use can. to a large extent,reduce chemical,radioactive, and thermal pollution. They stand out as a viable source of clean and limitless energy.These are also known as non-conventional sources of energy.Most of the renewable sources of energy are fairfy non-polluting and considered clean though biomass,a renewablesource,is a major polluter indoors.Solar EnergySolar energy is the most readily available source of energy.It does not belong to anybody and is,therefore,free.It is also the most important of the non-conventional sources of energy because it is non-polluting and,therefore.helps in lessening the greenhouse effect.Solar energy has been used since prehistoric times.but in a most primitive manner.Before 1970,some research and development was carried out in a few countries to exploit solar energy more efficiently,but most of this work remained mainly academic.After the dramatic rise in oil prices in the 1970s,several countries began to formulate extensive research and development programmes to exploit solar energy.When we hang out our clothes to dry in the sun,we use the energy of the sun.In the same way, solar panels absorb the energy of the sun to provide heat for cooking and for heating water.Such systems are available in the market and are being used in homes and factories.Solar energy can also be ursed to meet our electricity requirements.Through Solar Photovoltaic(SPV)cells,solar radiation gets converted into DC electricity directly.This electricity can either be used as it is or can be stored in the battery.This storedelectrical energy then can be used ac night.Hydro PowerHydro power is one of the best,cheapest,and cleanest source of energy,although,with big dams,there are many environmental and social problems.Small dams are,however,free from these problems.This is in fact one of the earliest known renewable energy sources.in the country(since the beginning of the 20th century).In fact,for the last few hundred years,people living in the hills of the Himalayas have been using water mills.or chakki,to grind wheat.Besides being free from the problem of pollution.small hydropower plants are also free from issues and controversies that are associated with the bigger ly affecting the lives of thousands of people living along the banks of the rivers.destruction of large areas under forest.and seismological threats.New environmental laws affected by the danger of global warming have made energy from small hydropower plants more relevant.These small hydropower piants can serve the energy needs of remote rural areas independently.The real challenge in a remote area lies in successful marketing of the energy and recovering the dues.Local industries should be encouraged to use this electricity for sustainable development.It is a technology with enormous potential.which could exploit the water resources to supply energy to remote rural areas with little access to conventional energy sources.It also eliminates most of the negative environmental effects associated with large hydro projects.Energy From the Sea-Ocean Thermal,Tidal and Wave EnergyOn an averaige,the 60 million square kilometre of the tropical seas absorb solar radiation equivalent to the heat content of 245 billion barrels of oil.Scientists feel that if this energy can be tapped a large source of energy will be available to the tropical countries and to other countries as well.The process of harnessing this energy is called OTEC(ocean thermal energy conversion).It uses the temperature differences between the surface of the ocean and the depths of about lOOOm to operate a heat engine.which produces electric power.Energy is also obtained from wavcs and tides.In some countries such as Japan small scale power generators run by energy from waves of the ocean,have been used as power sources for channcl marking buoys.BiomassBiomass is a renewable energy resource derived from the carbonaceous waste of various human and natural activities.It isderived from numerous sources,including the by-products from the timber industry.agricultural crops,raw material from the forest,major parts of household waste and wood.Biomass does not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere as it absorbs the same amount of carbon in growing as it releases when consumed as a fuel. Its advantage is that it can be used to generate electricity with the same equipment of power plants that are now burning fossil fuels.Biomass is an important source of energy and the most important fuel worldwide after coal,oil and natural gas.Traditional use of biomass is more than its use in modern application.In the developed world biomass is again becoming important for applications such as combined heat and power generation.In addition,biomass energy is gaining significance as a source of clean heat for domestic heating and community heating applications.In fact in countries like A and Sweden the per capita biomass energy used is higher than it is in India.China or in Asia.Geothermal EnergyWe live between two great sources of energy,the hot rocks beneath the surface of the earth and the sun in the sky.Our ancestors knew che value of geothermal energy;they bathed and cooked in hot springs.Today we have recognized that this resource has potentialfor much broader application.The core of the earth is very hot and it is possible to make use of this geothermal energy(in Greek it means heat from the earth).These are areas where there are volcanoes.hot springs,and geysers,and methane under the water in the oceans and seas. n some countries,such as in the USA water is pumped from underground hot water deposits and used to heat peoples houses.The utilization of geothermal energy for the production of electricity dates back to the early part of the twentieth century.For 50 years the generation of electricity from geothermal energy was confined to Italy and interest in this technology was slow co spread elsewhere.In 1943 the use of geothermal hot water was pioneered in lceland.Co-generationCo-generation is the concept or producing two forms of energy from one fuel.One of the forms of energy must always be heat and the other may be electricity or mechanical energy.In a conventional power plant,fuel is burnt in a boiler to generate high-pressure steam.This steam is used to drive a turbine.which in turn drives an alternator through a steam turbine to produce electric power.The exhaust steam is generally condensed to water which goes back to the boiler.As the low-pressure steam has a large quantum of heat which is lost in the process of condensing,the efficiency of conventional power plants is only around 35%.In a cogeneration plant,very high efficiency levels,in the range of 75%-90%,can be reached.This is so,because the low-pressure exhaust steam coming out of the turbine is not condensed,but used for heating purposes in factories or houses.Since co-generation can meet both power and heat needs, it has otber advantages as well in the form of significant cost savings for the plant and reduction in emissions of pollutants due to reduced fuel consumption.阅读理解练习测试题：1.High concentrations of harmful gases are resulted from______________.A) ozone depletion B) global warmingC) the consumption of fossil fuels D) serious water and air pollution2.The sun and wind are called renewable energy because they are____________.A) natural B) inexhaustibleC) newly-found D) clean3.Biomass,though a renewable energy,mainlycauses_______________.A) indoor pollution B) outdoor pollutionC) industrial pollution D) agricultural pollution4.In the l970s,some countries began to be concerned about solar energy because of___________.A) economic recession B) sharp rise in oil pricesC) reduced oil production D) increased research funds5.In the hills of the Himalayas,"chakki'are used for_____________.A) purifying water B) keeping animalsC) producing power D) exchanging goods6.What is recommended to be used by the remote rural areas with little access to conventional energy sources?A) Small hydropower plants. B) Solar energy heaters.C) Wind power mills. D) Hot spring thermal energy.7.It is mentioned that,between the surface and the depth of the ocean,there are great differences in_____________.A) dissolved substance B) natural resource varietyC) marine life species D) water temperature8.After coal oil and natural gases,the fourth most important fuel is_____________.9.ICeland was the first counfry that______________.10.In the conventional power plants,a large quantum of heat is lost in the process of condensing______________.阅读理解练习答案解析：1.[C][定位]依据题干中的high concentrations of harmful gases 查找到第1段第2句。

大学英语六级（阅读）模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.The news about the world’s oceans in 2003 wasn’t that they’re in trouble —that much was already clear —but that the scale of devastation is far greater than anyone had realized. A shocking study revealed that a full 90 percent of the species most desirable to fishmongers(鱼商)—tuna, halibut, sharks, swordfish, grouper —has been wiped out in the past half century. But there was hopeful news as well. An alternative to conventional fishing practices, while not a cure-all(万灵药), could significantly restore ravaged fish populations. The chilling centerpiece of last year’s marine research: just 50 years of industrial fishing has decimated(大批杀害)the world’s large predator(食肉动物)fish species, according to a report published in Nature in May. Irresponsible fishing practices have resulted severe casualties: Shrimp trawling(拖网捕捞)in the Gulf of Mexico, for example, a reckless process in which, for every ton of shrimp obtained, three tons of fin-fish(长须鲸)are destroyed and discarded —has shrunk large fish stocks a thousandfold. “Across the board we’ve removed everything bigger than a bicycle from the o-cean,”says Steve Palumbi, a Stanford University biologist, “and that has almost certainly changed the ocean in fundamental ways. “But the urgent need for large-scale conservation efforts is on a collision course with economic pressures to expand fishing even further, according to a 2003 report by the Pew Oceans Commission, an independent expert panel, as well as preliminary reports from members of the Bush-appointed U. S. commission on Ocean Policy. Americans are eating more seafood than ever: Consumption was up 7 percent in 2002, to 4. 5 billion pounds. Worldwide, more than 130 billion pounds of marine species are caught annually, and that doesn’t include the huge amount of sea life destroyed as by-catch. More than a billion people rely on fish for protein. “ We need to change the whole ethic of how we are viewing the oceans,”says Andrew Rosenberg, a member of the Commission on Ocean Policy, “ from a place that we use to a place we care for. “In September marine biologists Fiona Gell and Callum Roberts of the University of York in England offered a solution, boldly asserting that at least 30 percent of the world’s ocean habitat had to become safe zones for marine life. It’s a practical, not a sentimental matter, they contend. After studying 60 no-fishing zones around the world, Gell and Roberts discovered that the fish there live longer, grow larger, and produce more young than those in unprotected areas. Significantly, as populations growing, many fish head into less crowded areas outside the reserve, where fishermen reap the benefits indefinitely. “It’s a no-brainer(无需用脑的事), really, isn’t it?”Roberts observes. “Like money in the bank producing interest. “1．What’s the news about the oceans in 2003?A．People ignore what the oceans are suffering.B．The scale of the ocean devastation is out of our expectation.C．The fishmongers are making effort to improve their fishing practices.D．The oceans are losing many rare species.正确答案：B解析：事实细节题。

英语六级长篇阅读拟练习及答案英语六级长篇阅读模拟练习：The Great Charter TryoutA. Long before Sci Academy, a charter school in New Orleans, had graduated its first senior class, the school was being heaped with accolades 称赞. In September 2021, when Sci Academy wasjust two years old, its 200 excited students--then all freshmen and sophomores--filed into Greater St. Stephen Baptist church, next door to the school. Together with local dignitaries 显要人物 ,journalists, and a brass band, the students watched on huge screens as the leaders of six charter schools from around the country appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show. At the end of the show,they watched as Oprah handed each charter-school leader—including Ben Marcovitz, Sci Academy's founder—a $1 million check.B. Sci Academy is a flagship charter school and a model of the new data-driven, business-infused approach to education that has won its worship in New Orleans. After Hurricane Katrina in2021, education reformers swept away what remained of the traditional public schools in what had been one of the nation's lowest- performing districts. In their place, charters promised choiceand increased accountability 负责制 . More than 75 percent of New Orleans kids landed in schools controlled by the so-called Recovery School District, which was heavily dominated by charterschools.C. "This transformation of the New Orleans educational system may turn out to be the most significant national development in education since desegregation," wrote Neerav Kingsland, the CEOof New Schools for New Orleans, the city's leading venture-philanthropy group incubating local charter schools, a year ago. "New Orleans students have access to educational opportunities thatare far superior to any in recent memory."D. But eight years after Hurricane Katrina, there is evidence that the picture is far more complicated. Seventy- nine percent of RSD charters arestill rated D or F by the LouisianaDepartment of Education. Sci is one of two RSD high schools to earn a B;there are no A-rated open-admission schools. In a school system with about 42,000 mostly poor African-American kids,every year thousands are out of school at any given time-- because they are on suspension, have dropped out, or are incarcerated. Even at successful schools, such as the highly regarded SciAcademy, large numbers of students never make it to graduation, and others are unlikely to make it through college.E. Figuring out what has taken place in the New Orleans schools is notjust a matter of interest to local residents. From cities like New York to towns like Muskegon Heights, Michigan,market-style reforms have been widely considered as the answer to America's educational woes. New Orleans tells us a lot about what these reforms look like in practice. And the current realityof the city's schools should be enough to give pause to even the most passionate charter supporters.F. With its chain-link fence and campus of module-like buildings--the result of a continuing post-Hurricane Katrina building shortage--Sci Academy doesn't look much like a model school.Freshmen, wearing the polo shirts and khakis of the school uniform, are required to walk along straight red lines that snake through the school's breezeways. Placards bearing slogans, such as"No Short Cuts; No Excuses" and "Go Above and Beyond," hang overhead.G. Everything at Sci Academy is carefully designed to maintain discipline and focus on the school's principal mission, which is to get every studentinto college. Each morning, at 8 a.m., theteachers, almost all white and in their 20s, gather for a rousing thigh-slapping, hand-clapping, rap-chanting staff revival meeting, the beginning of what will be, for most, a 14- to 16-hourworkday. Students arrive a half hour later, and if asked "Why are you here?" and "What will it take?" are expected to respond "To learn" followed by a recitation of the school's six corevalues: "achievement, respect, responsibility, perseverance, teamwork, and enthusiasm."H. Both curriculum and behavior are elaborately arranged. As kids fileinto class, a teacher hands them their "entry ticket," a survey that helps determine how much students retained from theprevious class. An "exit ticket" distributed at the end of each classestablishes how much kids have absorbed. Information from the exit tickets, as well as attendance, demerits for badbehavior, and "Sci bucks" for good behavior, are keyed into the Sci software system by teachers every night to help monitor both student and teacher performance.I. After the storm, the state fired the city's unionized teachers, who were mostly middle-aged African- Americans, an action that has been challenged in court. While a few schools have hiredback teachers who worked in the pre-Katrina schools, the city now relies heavily on inexperienced educators--mostly young, white, and from out of town--who are willing, at least in the shortrun, to put in exhausting hours. But at many schools, including Sci Academy, plenty of teachers last for less than two years.J. In New Orleans, teachers with certifications from Teach for America number close to 400, five times the level a few years ago. Within the RSD, in 2021, 42 percent of teachers had less thanthree years of experience; 22 percent have spent just one year or lessin the classroom, according to "The State of Public Education in New Orleans,"a 2021 report by the pro-charter CowenInstitute at Tulane University.K. In part to help with this lack of experience, charter schools train teachers in highly regimented routines that help them keep control of their classrooms. The city's charter-schooladvocates argue that in the aftermath of the storm, when charter operators had to scale up quickly, they needed to start with basics: first order and security, then skill building. "Kids expecthigh school to be dangerous. They come to school with their backs up," explains Sci Academy's Marcovitz, a graduate of the elite Maret school in Washington, D.C., and Yale University. He saysthe routines--which are borrowed from methods pioneered by KIPP, a national charter chain that also operates schools in New Orleans--are intended to keep students focused and feeling safe.L. In one English class last fall, a teacher who had been at Sci for about a year held forth on the fine points of grammar, including the subtle difference between modal and auxiliary verbs.As a few heads drifted downward, she employed a popular charter-school management routine to hold the class's attention. "SPARK check! " she called.The acronym stands for sit straight; pencilto paper or place hands folded in front; ask and answer questions; respect; and keep tracking the speaker.M. "Heads up, sit straight--15 seconds to go," she said, trying to get her students' attention. "All scholars please raise your homework in THREE, TWO, ONE. We need to set a goal aroundhomework completion. I only see about one third complete homework."N. It's a long way from the city's charter school roots. In the 1990s, the city's first charter school, New Orleans Charter Middle School, was built on a progressive curriculum that usedexperiential projects and electives, such as bicycle repair and African dance, to foster a love of learning. The school became the most highly rated nonselective school in the city before itwas devastated during Hurricane Katrina. But while its founders went on to create FirstLine, now one of the leading charter operators in New Orleans, the progressive roots of the chartermovement have been swamped by the new realities of a competitive charter marketplace.O. Now, driven by both government policy and charitable funding--which rewards schools for preparing students for college and penalizes those that don't--most charter high schools in NewOrleans describe themselves as "college prep." This may seem an admirable goal. But in a school system where the number of eighth graders who passed the end-of-course tests required to get intohigh school has, according to the Cowen Institute, virtually stagnated at about 60 percent, the push toward college leaves behind many of the most disadvantaged kids, who already face enormoushurdles because of poverty, parental abandonment, and one of the highest rates of gun violence in the nation. For some of these students, college is not necessarily a realistic goal.46. Teachers in charter schools are trained in strict and rigid ways since most of them are inexperienced.47. Instead of carrying on its tradition of being advanced, New Orleans Charter Middle School has to follow market rules to survive and compete with other schools.48. Students in New Orleans have got the best education opportunity they have ever had in recent years.49. Many charter high schools in New Orleans are to help students enter college, which is supported by government policy and attracts funds.50. Traditional public schools have been completely reformed in areas with worst reputation on education quality in 2021.51. Even schools like Sci Academy cannot keep teachers for long.52. Several years ago, there were only about 80 teachers with qualified certifications in New Orleans.53.Even Sci Academy, which enjoys a high reputation, fails to help a lot of students graduate.54. Various information on students can be tracked down in Sci Academy's computer systems to ensure the teaching quality.55. To solve the problem of American education, many people turn to the function of market as the key.【参考译文】大宪章的试用A.sciAcademy是新奥尔良的一所特许学校，在其第一届大四学生毕业之前很久，该学校已经备受称赞。

xx英语六级长篇阅读答案在六级的考试中，长篇阅读也是让人很苦恼的一局部，为此为大家解析英语六级的长篇阅读及参考答案。

36. 正确选项 IWith a tax imposed on expensive health insurance plans, most employers will likely transfer money from health expense into wages.37. 正确选项 CChanges in policy would be approved or rejected as a whole so that lobbyists would find it hard to influence lawmakers.38. 正确选项 LIt is not easy to curb the rising medical costs in America.39 正确答案 DStandardization of forms for automatic processing will save a lot of medical expenses.40 正确答案KRepublications and the insurances industry are strongly opposed to the creation of a public insurances41正确答案EConversion of paper to electronic medical records will help eliminate redundant tests and prevent druginteractions42. 正确选项 GThe light cost of medical services and unnecessarytests and treatments have driven up medical expenses.43. 正确选项 AOne main factor that has driven up medical expenses is that doctors are pensated for the amount of care rather than its effect.44. 正确选项 NContrary to analysts’ doubts, the author believes drug prices may be lowered through negotiation.45. 正确选项 JFair petition might create a strong incentive for insurers to charge lessFor as long as humans have raised crops as a source of food and other products, insects have damaged them. Between 1870 and 1880, locusts ate millions of dollars' worth of crops in the Mississippi Valley. Today in the United States the cotton boll weevil damages about 300 million dollars' worth of crops each year. Additional millions are lost each year to the appetites of other plant-eating insects. Some of these are corn borers, gypsy moths, potato beetles, and Japanese beetles.In modern times, many powerful insecticides(杀虫剂) have been used in an attempt to destroy insects that damage crops and trees. Some kinds of insecticides, when carefully used, have worked well. Yet the same insecticides havecaused some unexpected problems. In one large area, an insecticide was used against Japanese beetles, which eat almost any kind of flower or leaf. Shortly afterward, the number of corn borers almost doubled. As intended, the insecticide had killed many Japanese beetles. But it had killed many of the insect enemies of the corn borer as well.In another case, an insecticide was used in Louisianato kill the troublesome fire ant. The insecticide did notkill many fire ants. It did kill several small animals. It also killed some insect enemies of the sugarcane borer, a much more destructive pest than the fire ants. As a result, the number of sugarcane borers increased and severely damaged the sugarcane crop.To be sure that one insect pest will not be traded for another when an insecticide is used, scientists mustperform careful experiments and do wide research. The experiments and research provide knowledge of the possible hazards an insecticide may bring to plant and animal munities. Without such knowledge, we have found that nature sometimes responds to insecticides in unexpected ways.21. An insecticide was used in Louisiana to kill the troublesome.A. corn borerB. Japanese beetleB. gypsy moth D. fire ant22. While it is not directly stated, the article suggests that.A. insecticides are not dangerous to any small animalsB. insecticides do not always aomplish their purposesC. insecticides are no longer being used to kill insectsD. insecticides do no harm to people23. On the whole, the article tells about.A. the appetites of plant-eating insectsB. the best way to kill boll weevilsC. the dangers in using insecticidesD. the best way to grow crops24. Which statement does this article lead you to believe?A. All changes are predictable.B. Nothing ever changes in nature.C. Nature is not always predictable.D. Nature always serves man well.25. Scientists perform careful experiments and do wide research because.A. they must learn to destroy all the insects that we needB. they must be sure one insect pest is not traded for anotherC. research keeps them from inventing new insecticide for the cropsD. research helps them find a way to kill all insects21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. B长篇阅读题答题时要从两方面入手：1、先看题再看文章，能够将更多简单的题先做出来，简单题全部处理完毕之后，剩下的难题可以再重新回到文章当中再去找那些已经被挑剩下的段落。

英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题附答案解析Section B10 Ways Obama Could Fight Climate Change[A] One of the biggest surprises of President Barack Obama's inaugural address,on Mondaywas how much he focused on fighting climate change, spending more time on that issue than anyother. "Wewill respond to the threat of climate change, knowing that the failure to do so wouldbetray our children and future generations," Obama said. The President pointed out that recentsevere weathersupplied an urgent impetus for energy innovation and staked thenation'seconomic future on responding to a changing climate. "We cannot cede to other nations thetechnology that will power newjobs and new industries--we must claim its promise," Obama said.'"That's how we will maintain our economic vitality and our national treasure--our forests andwaterways; our croplands andsnowcapped 山顶积雪的 peaks. That is how we will preserve ourplanet, commanded to our care by God. " so what could the President reasonably do to deliver onthat vow? Here are ten of theirsuggestions:Sunset coal with new incentives and regulations.[B] "Provide incentives to phase out the oldest, most polluting power plants," said RobertJackson, a climate scientist at Duke University. It's already happening, to some degree, as moreofthe nation transitions to natural gas. Earth scientist Bill Chameides, dean of Duke's Nicholas Schoolof the Environment and a former chief scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, urgestheadministration to use its Clean, Air Act authority to promulgate 颁布carbon regulations forexisting power plants like it has for new ones: "Doing that will force fuel switching from coaltonatural gas. "Invest federal stimulus money in nuclear power.[C] It's hardly a perfect fuel, as accidents like Japan's Fukushimafallout have shown, but withsafety precautions new nuclear plants can meaningfully offset dirtier types of energy,supporterssay."Nuclear is the only short-to medium-term way to really get away from fossil fuels," said PeterRaven. President emeritus of theMissouri Botanical Garden. He said the damage doneby relentlessglobal warming will far exceed the damage done by faults in the nuclear system.Kill the Keystone pipeline.[D] The controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline is up for review again bythe White House thisyear. "The font thing he should do to set the tone to a lower carbon economy is to rejecttheKeystone pipeline, “said Raymond Pierrehum Bert, a geophysical scientist at the University ofChicago. The pipeline was never going to be a major driver of global emissions, but Pierrehumbertand some other environmentalists say that by killing it the President would send a clear messageabout America's intent to ramp down fossil fuels.Protect the oceans by executive order.[E] Land use is complicated, but large swaths of oceans can be protectedby executive order.Just as President George W. Bush designated the world's largest marine monument northwest ofHawaiiin 2021. Obama could single-handedly protect other areas. National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Sylvia Earle said the President should focus on parts of the Arctic that are under U.S.control, putting them off limits to energy production, commercial fishing, and mineral exploration.Marine sanctuaries 禁捕区 won't stop climate change, but they can give marine species abetterchance of adapting to it by reducing the other man-made threatsthe animals face.Experiment with capturing carbon.[F] Huge untapped reserves of natural gas and oil make it unlikely thatthe U. S. willtransition away from fossil fuels in the immediate future. Instead, said Wallace Broecker,geologyprofessor at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, we should attack theatmosphere's carbon surplus directly. "Obama could make available funds to build andtestprototype air capture units" to capture and store CO2, said Broecker. Removing some carbonfrom the atmosphere could buy valuable time as policymakers and scientists explore morepermanentsolutions.Grow government research for new energy sources.[G] The Department of Energy has a nimble program that's tasked with innovative energyresearch—the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy. The ARPA-E funds research inbiofuels,transmission,and battery storage, with an annual budget of$ 275 million. Last year, DOE officialsrequested at least $ 75 million more. Increasing funding for ARPA-E, said RarePomerance, formerdeputy assistant secretary of state for environment and development and currently anenvironmental consultant, "you get newtechnologies that undercut coal, oil, and gas. "Plus, hesaid, yon get a competitive advantage if American researchers uncover the next big idea in newenergy.Tax carbon.[H] Congress would have to agree, but many climate experts say that the most meaningful wayto tackle emissions is to set a price on carbon. "We should be asking people to pay the costofputting carbon into the atmosphere as they buy the fuel," said Josh Willis, climate scientist andoceanographer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. To gain political support for the idea,Obamawould probably have to show that the tax wonld help accelerate technology, grow new industries,and pay down the deficit.Dial back the federal government's energy use.[I] With more than I. 8 million employees, $ 500 billion in annual purchasing power, and500,000 buildings to operate, the federal government has been a leader in reducing energy usesinceObama signed a 2021 executive order to cut waste. "I would urge him to keep using thepower of government to promote energy conservation," said Syndonia Bret-Harte, an Arcticbiologist whostudies climate change at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks.Build a scientific clearinghouse for climate information.[J] "I advocate for building a better information system on what is happening and why," saidKevin Tren berth, head of the Climate Analysis Sectionat the U. S. National Center forAtmosphericResearch. That involves compiling observations related to climate change from around the worldand using the data to refine climate modeling. Think of it as a one-stop, user-friendlywebsite thatclearly demonstrates how weather data from around the globe are influenced by broader shifts inthe planet's climate.Keep talking. Despite a consensus among top scientists, the world still needs some convincingon climate change.[K] A CNN poll last week found that just 49 percent of Americans agreethat global warming isreal and is due to human activities. "The most important thing the President can do is to build onhisinaugural comments to heighten the sense of urgency about rapid climate destabilization andclarify its connection to virtually every other issue on the national agenda," said DavidOrr,environmental studies professor at Oberlin College. That means using the bully clergymen to showhow a more volatile climate affects everything from agriculture to transportation to21st-centurywarfare.46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimed at pushing power plants to replacecoal by natural gas.47. Marine sanctuaries should be preserved because they help sea species adapt to climatealteration.48. The government should take the responsibility to raise Americans' awareness aboutclimate change.49. Many climate experts believe that the most effective way to lower emission is to tax oncarbon.50. Nuclear supporters argue that nuclear system failures are less challenging than globalwarming.51. Recent extreme weather made President Obama feel it is urgent to address climatechange.52. Keystone pipeline should be rejected because it is a signal to reduce fossil fuels.53. Since Obama signed a 2021 executive order to cut waste, the federal government hastaken the lead in saving energy.54. Lower carbon emission will be most likely to happen if research in new energy resourcessucceeds.55. Compared with turning to new energy, America prefers carbon capture and store as atemporary measure.语篇分析46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimed at pushing power plants to replacecoal by natural gas.译文推动颁布碳法规的目的在于迫使燃料从煤炭转向天然气。

大学英语六级长篇阅读试题及答案大学英语六级长篇阅读试题及答案If you want knowledge, you must toil for it.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语六级长篇阅读试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Passage OneWords: 1,036EarthquakesA) An earthquake is one of the most terrifying phenomena that nature can dish up. We generally think of the ground we stand on as “rock-solid” and completely stable. An earthquake can shatter (粉碎)that perception instantly, and often with extreme violence.B) Up until relatively recently, scientists only had unproven guesses as to what actually caused earthquakes. Even today there is still a certain amount of mystery surrounding them, but scientists have a much clearer understanding. There has been enormous progress in the past century. Scientists have identified the forces that cause earthquakes, and developed technology that can tell us an earthquake"s magnitude and origin. The next hurdle is to find a way of predicting earthquakes, so they don’t catch people by surprise. In this article, we’ll find out what causes earthquakes, and we’ll also find out why they can have such a devastating effect on us.C) An earthquake is a vibration(震动)that travels through the earth’s crust. Technically, a large truck that rumbles down the street is causing a mini-earthquake, if you feel your house shaking as it goes by; but we tend to think of earthquakes as events that affect a fairly large area, such as an entire city. Allkinds of things can cause earthquakes: volcanic eruptions, meteor(流星)impacts, underground explosions (an underground nuclear test, for example), collapsing structures (such as a collapsing mine). But the majority of naturally-occurring earthquakes are caused by movements of the earth’s plates.D) We only hear about earthquakes in the news every once in a while, but they are actually an everyday occurrence on our planet. According to the United States Geological Survey, more than 3 million earthquakes occur every year. That’s about 8,000 a day, or one every 11 seconds! The vast majority of these 3 million quakes are extremely weak. The law of probability also causes a good number of stronger quakes to happen in uninhabited places where no one feels them. It is the big quakes that occur in highly populated areas that get our attention.E) Earthquakes have caused a great deal of property damage over the years, and they have claimed many lives. In the last hundred years alone, there have been more than 1.5 million earthquake-related fatalities. Usually, it’s not the shaking ground itself that claims lives; it’s the associated destruction of man-made structures and other natural disasters it causes, such as tsunamis, avalanches (雪崩)and landslides.F) The biggest scientific breakthrough in the history of seismology—the study of earthquakes—came in the middle of the 20th century, with the development of the theory of plate tectonics(筑造学).Scientists proposed the idea of plate tectonics to explain a number of peculiar phenomena on earth, such as the apparent movement of continents over time, the clustering of volcanic activity in certain areas and the presence of huge ridges at the bottom of the ocean.G) The basic theory is that the surface layer of the earth—the lithosphere—is comprised of many plates that slide over the lubricating (润滑的)asthenosphere layer. At the boundaries between these huge plates of soil and rock, three different things can happen.H) Plates can move apart. If two plates are moving apart from each other, hot, molten rock flows up from the layers of mantle below the lithosphere. This magma (岩浆) comes out on the surface (mostly at the bottom of the ocean), where it is called lava (熔岩).As the lava cools, it hardens to form new lithosphere material, filling in the gap. This is called a divergent plate boundary.I) Plates can push together. If the two plates are moving toward each other, one plate typically pushes under the other one. This plate below sinks into the lower mantle layers, where it melts. At some boundaries where two plates meet, neither plate is in a position to push under the other, so they both push against each other to form mountains. The lines where plates push toward each other are called convergent plate boundaries.J) Plates slide against each other. At other boundaries, plates simply slide by each other—one moves north and one moves south, for example. While the plates don’t drift directly into each other at these transform boundaries, they are pushed tightly together. A great deal of tension builds at the boundary.K) We understand earthquakes a lot better than we did even 50 years ago, but we still can’t do much about them. They are caused by fundamental, powerful geological processes that are far beyond our control. These processes are also fairly unpredictable, so it’s not possible at this time to tell people exactly when an earthquake is going to occur. The first detectedearthquake waves will tell us that more powerful vibrations are on their way, but this only gives us a few minutes’ warning, at most.L) So what can we do about earthquakes? The major advances over the past 50 years have been in preparedness, particularly in the field of construction engineering. In 1973, the Uniform Building Code, an international set of standards for building construction,7 added7 specifications7 to7 strengthen7 buildings7 against7 the7 force7 of7 earthquake7 waves.7 This7 includes7 strengthening7 support7 material7 as7 well7 as7 designing buildings so they are flexible enough to absorb vibrations without falling or deteriorating. It’s very important to design structures that can undergo this sort of attack, particularly in earthquake -prone areas.M) Another component of preparedness is educating the public. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) and other government agencies have produced several brochures explaining the processes involved in an earthquake and giving instructions on how to prepare your house for a possible earthquake, as well as what to do when a quake hits.N) In the future, improvements in prediction and preparedness should further minimize the loss of life and property associated with earthquakes. But it will be a long time, if ever, before we’ll be ready for every substantial earthquake that might occur. Just like severe weather and disease, earthquakes are an unavoidable force generated by the powerful natural processes that shape our planet. All we can do is increase our understanding of the phenomenon and develop better ways to deal with it.1. Earthquake-related fatalities are usually caused bybuildings，collapse and other ensuing natural disasters, not by the shaking ground itself.2. Besides movements of the earth’s plates, other forces such as volcanic eruptions, meteor impacts and so on, can also cause earthquakes.3. Earthquakes actually occur every day; most of them are not big enough to get our attention.4. People generally think the ground beneath their feet is completely stable, but earthquakes shatter that idea in no time.5. We cannot prevent earthquakes but we can actively find better ways to face them.6. Earthquakes are hardly predictable, and people cannot be told when an earthquake is going to occur.7. Scientists have found out forces that cause earthquakes through years of efforts.8. Architects now have designed flexible buildings to minimize the damages of earthquakes.9. Scientists use the theory of plate tectonics to explain the apparent movement of continents over time.10. The convergent plate boundaries refer to the lines where plates push toward each other.文章精要地震危害巨大，了解地震对减少其带来的损失有着重要意义。

英语六级长篇阅读真题解析英语六级长篇阅读真题解析无论是在学校还是在社会中，许多人都需要跟试题打交道，借助试题可以检验考试者是否已经具备获得某种资格的基本能力。

大家知道什么样的试题才是好试题吗？以下是店铺整理的英语六级长篇阅读真题解析，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

英语六级长篇阅读真题解析篇1lessons from a feminist paradise[a]on the surface, sweden appears to be a feminist paradise. look at any global survey of gender equality and sweden will be near the top. family-friendly policies are its norm-with 16 months of paid parental leave, special protections for part-time workers, and state-subsidized preschools where, according to a government website, "gender-awareness education is increasingly common." due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the swedish parliament. they have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the ministry of integration and gender equality and the secretariat of gender research. so why are american women so far ahead of their swedish counterparts in breaking through the glass ceiling?[b]in a 2012 report, the world economic forum found that when it comes to closing the gender gap in "economic participation and opportunity," the united states is ahead of not only sweden but also finland, denmark, the netherlands, iceland, germany, and the united kingdom. sweden's rank in the report can largely be explained by its political quota system. though the united states has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to sweden's 77 percent). american women who chooseto be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals. they also own more businesses, launch more start-ups and more often work in traditionally male fields. as for breaking through the glass ceiling in business, american women are well in the lead.[c]what explains the american advantage? how can it be that societies like sweden, where gender equality is vigorously pursued and enforced, have fewer female managers, executives, professionals, and business owners than eh laissez-faire united states? a new study by clrnell economists francine blau and lawrence kahn gives an explanation.[d]generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options have unintended consequences: instead of strengthening women's attachment to the workplace, they appear to weaken it. in addition to a 16-month leave, a swedish parent has the right to work six hours a day (for a reduced salary)until his or her child is eight years old. mothers are far more likely than fathers to take advantage of this law, but extended leaves and part-time employment are known to be harmful to careers—for both genders. and with women a second factor comes into play: most seem to enjoy the flexible-time arrangement(once known as the “mommy track”)and never find their way back to full-time or high-level employment. in sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.[e] according to blau and kahn, swedish-style paternal leave policies and flexible time arrangements pose a second threat to woman's progress: they make employers cautious about hiring woman for full-time positions at all. offering a job to a man is the safer bet. he is far less likely to take a year of parental leave andthen return on a reduced work schedule for the next eight years.[f]i became aware of the trial of career-focused european woman a few years ago when i met a post-doctoral student from germany who was then a visiting fellow at johns hopkins. she was astonished by the professional possibilities afforded to young american woman. her best hope in germany was a government job—prospects for woman in the private sector were dim.” in germany “ she told me,” we have all the benefits, “but employers don't' wan to hire us.”[g] swedish economists magnus henrekson and mikael stenkula addressed the following question in their 2009 study: why are there so few female top executives in the european egalitarian welfare states? their answer: “broad-based welfare-state policies hinder women's representation in elite competitive positions.”[h] it is tempting to declare the swedish policies regressive and hail the american system as superior. but that would be shortsighted. the swedes can certainly take a lesson from the united states and look for ways to clear a path for their ambitious female careerists. but most woman are not committed careerists. when the pew research center recently asked american parents to identify their “ideal” life arrangement, 47 percent of mothers said they would prefer to work park-time and 20percent said they would prefer not to work at all. fathers answered differently: 75 percent preferred full-time work. some version of the swedish system might work well for a majority of american parents, but the united states is unlikely to fully embrace the swedish model. still, we can learn from their experience.[i] despite its failure to shatter the glass ceiling, sweden has one of the most powerful and innovative economies in the world.in its 2011-2012survey,the world economic forum ranked sweden as the “rockstar of the recovery” in the washington post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness. it is a society well worth studying, and its efforts to conquer the gender gap impart a vital lesson—though not the lesson the swedes had in mind.[j] sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men. for decades, these descendants of the vikings have been trying to show the world that the right mix of enlightened policy. consciousness raising, and non-sexist child rearing would close the gender divide once and for all. yet the divide persists.[k] a 2012 press release from statistics sweden bears the title “gender equality in sweden treading(踩)water” and notes:1、the total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men.2、one in three employed women and one in ten employed men work part-time.3、women's working time is influenced by the number and age of their children, but men′s working time is not affected by these factors.4、of all employees，only 13 percent of the women and 12 percent of the men have occupations with an even distribution of the sexes.[l] confronted with such facts, some swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitated toward gendered play. whenit came to light last year that mothers, far more than fathers, chose to stay home from work to care for their sick kids. ulf kristersson minister of social security, quickly commissioned a study to determine the causes of and possible cures for this disturbing stale of affairs.[m]swedish family policies, by accommodating women's preferences effectively, are reducing the number of women in elite competitive positions. the swedes will find this paradoxical and try to find solutions. let us hope these do not include banning gender pronouns, policing children′s play, implementing more gender quotas, or treating women′s special attachment to home and family as a social injustice. most mothers do not aspire to elite, competitive full-time positions: the swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer. americans should look past the gender rhetoric and consider what these scandina-vians have achieved. on their way to creating a feminist paradise, the swedes have unintentionally created a haven for normal mortals.46.Sweden has done more than other nations to close the gender gap, but it continues to exist.47.Sweden is one of the most competitive economics life satisfaction.48. More american women hold elite job positions in business than swedish women.49. Swedish family-friendly policies tend to exert a negative influence on women′s careers.50.The quota system in sweden ensures women′s better representation in government.51.Though the swedish model appears workable for most american parents, it may not be accepted by them in its entirety.52.Swedish women are allowed the freedom and opportunity to choose their own way of life.53.Swedish employers are hesitant about hiring women for full-time positions because of the family-friendly policies.54.Gender-awareness education is becoming more and more popular in state-subsidized preschools in sweden.55.Some lawmakers in sweden propose that genderless pronouns be used in the swedish language.46.answer 答案 j“has done more than other nations”对应第一句“has gone farther than any other nation”,“close the gender gap”对应倒数第二句“close the gender divide”，“it continues to exist”对应最后一句“the divide persists”。

大学英语六级真题阅读:长篇阅读答案及解析Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us CrazyA) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on the ground. Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying the application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce an admissions committee. He wanted to do one thing at a time, Meg says, explaining her son s delay. But really, my son is ahuge procrastinator . The essay is the hardest thing to do, so he s put it off the longest. Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic .B) Back in the good old days say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the ordeal a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to New Year s Day of their senior year, assuming they could withstand the parental pestering .But things change fast in the nail-biting world of college admissions.The recent trend toward early decision and early action among selective colleges and universities has pushed the traditional deadline of January up to Nov. 1 or early December for many students.C) If the time for heel-dragging has been shortened, the true source of the anxiety and panic remains what it has always been. And it s not the application itself. A college application is a relatively straightforward questionnaire asking for the basics: name, address, family history employment history. It would all be innocent enough 20 minutes of busy work except it comes attached to a personal essay.D) There are good reasons it causes such anxiety, says LisaSohmer, director of college counseling at the Garden School in Jackson Heights, N.Y. It s not just the actual writing. By noweverything else is already set. Your course load is set, your grades are set, your test scores are set. But the essay is something you can still control, and it s open-ended. So the temptation is to write and rewrite and rewrite. Or stall and stall and stall.E) The application essay, along with its mythical importance, is a recent invention. In the 1930s,when only one in 10 Americans had a degree from a four-year college, an admissionscommittee was content to ask for a sample of applicants school papers to assess their writing ability. By the 1950s, most schools required a brief personal statement of why the student had chosen to apply to one school over another.F) Today nearly 70 percent of graduating seniors go off to college, including two-year and four-year institutions. Even apart from the increased competition, the kids enter a process that has been utterly transformed from the one baby boomers knew. Nearly all application materials are submitted online, and the Common Application provides a one-size-fits form accepted by more than 400 schools, including the nation s most selective.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us CrazyA) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on the ground. Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying the application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce an admissions committee. He wanted to do one thing at a time, Meg says, explaining her son s delay. But really, my son is a huge procrastinator . The essay is the hardest thing to do, so he s put it off the longest. Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parentand writing student can be traumatic .B) Back in the good old days say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the ordeal a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to New Year s Day of their senior year, assuming they could withstand the parental pestering .But things change fast in the nail-biting world of college admissions.The recent trend toward early decision and early action among selective colleges and universities has pushed the traditional deadline of January up to Nov. 1 or early December for many students.G) Those schools usually require essays of their own, but the longest essay, 500 words maximum, is generally attached to the Common Application. Students choose one of six questions. Applicants are asked to describe an ethical dilemma they ve faced and its impact on them, or discuss a public issue of special concern to them, or tell of a fictional character or creative work that has profoundly influenced them. Another question invites them to write about the importance of diversity―a word that has assumed magic power in American higher education. The most popular option: write on a topic of your choice.H) Boys in particular look at the other questions and say,Oh, that s too much work, says John Boshoven, a counselor in the Ann Arbor, Mich., public schools. They think if they do a topic of their choice, I ll just go get that history paper I did last year on the Roman Empire and turn it into a first-person application essay! And they end up producing something utterly ridiculous.I) Talking to admissions professionals like Boshoven, you realize that the list of don ts in essay writing is much longer than the dos. No book reports, no history papers, no character studies, says Sohmer.J) It drives you crazy, how easily kids slip into clich s, says Boshoven. They don t realize how typical their experiences arc.I scored the winning goal in soccer against our arch-rival. My grandfather served in World War II, and I hope to be just like him someday. That may mean a lot to that particular kid. But in the world of the application essay, it s nothing. You ll lose the reader in the first paragraph.。

英语六级阅读理解模拟练习附参考答案六级阅读理解模拟练习一：The Look Younger DietIs the Fountain of Youth a myth? Not entirely,many experts in nutrition now believe, "Age fast, orage slow—it's up to you. " declares Dr. KennethCooper, president and founder of the Aerobics Centerin Dallas. Jeffrey Blumberg, associate director ofthe U. S. Department of Agriculture's HumanNutrition Research Center on Aging at TuftsUniversity in Boston, agrees, " Research shows that many so-called age-related declines inphysiological function seem to have less to do with aging than with environmental factors likediet and exercise. "Obesity 过度肥胖 is one of the leading causes of accelerated aging, according to Cooper, "Ifyou lose weight, stop smoking, and exercise," he says, "you can slow the aging process—andmake dramatic changes in your looks in a relatively short period of time. "A 37-year-old sales director for a Boston computer-distribution company is a primeexample. Over six feet tall, he had been considerably overweight most of his like. Then hebegan to worry that his appearance could be hurting his career. "I got tired of people thinkingI was the same age as my brother, who's nearly nine years older," he says, "When you're fat,people in the business world assume you're out of control. "Determined to change, the sales director entered a hospital-based diet program anddropped over 70 pounds. "I feel—and look—ten years younger. " he says.At 82, Clarice R. Mc Williams, a retired business owner in Dallas, has the appearance, skintone 肤色 and mental agility of someone many years younger. "Most people think I'm in my60s. " she boasts.Mc Williams admits genes play some role in the way she looks, but believes diet is animportant factor. "It doesn't matter how good the genes are if you don't eat properly and takecare of yourself," she says. "If you want to look good, get plenty of rest, exercise every day, eatmostly raw fruits and vegetables—and quit worrying. "Says Blumberg, "There's certainly a link between good nutrition, apositive attitude andimproved quality of life. People can have a say in what's going on with their bodies by selectinga healthful diet. "Skin. Nowhere do the signs of aging manifest themselves more clearly than in thecondition of the skin. When your weight fluctuates, the skin stretches with each up cycle, but itmay not completely shrink back to its original size in the down cycle. As a result, the skin maysag松弛下垂.A severely deficient diet can lead to skin disorders, dramatically affecting one'sappearance. By the same token, a well-balanced diet with ample supplies of nutrients isthought by many experts to produce a glowing, younger look.Zinc and vitamin A are important for normal, healthy skin. Zinc helps the skin repair itself,and vitamin A aids in keeping skin supple, preventing dryness and helping shed dead cells.Good sources of zinc are beef, eggs and seafood, while many dark-green leafy vegetables arerich in beta carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A. Other foods containing ampleamounts of beta carotene include carrots, cantaloupe, winter squash, sweet potatoes, sweet redpeppers, apricots and mangoes.Vitamin C helps improve the blood supply to the skin and aids in forming collagen胶原 ,the fibrous protein that lies beneath the skin's surface and gives it a smooth appearance.Good sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits and juices, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, snowpeas, red and green peppers, broccoli, white and sweet potatoes, tomatoes, watermelon,honeydew melon and cantaloupe.Greens are excellent sources of skin-preserving nutrients and, generally, the darker theleaves, the more nutritious. Romaine lettuce, for example has about six times as muchvitamin C and eight times as much beta carotene as iceberg lettuce.How food is prepared matters too. The longer vegetables cook, the greater the loss ofvitamins and texture. Don't soak vegetables when washing them, since water-soluble vitaminssuch as C will be lost.Blumberg also recommends drinking six to eight glasses of water or other fluids each day tohelp keep skin and other tissues hydrated. "That'sespecially important for older people," hesays, "who are at risk for dehydration because their thirst drive becomes blunted with age. "Coffee,colas and tea aren't the best sources, since they contain caffeine, a diuretic thatinduces water loss.Hair. Healthy, shining hair is second only to vibrant skin for making one look younger. Yetmany people unwittingly mistreat their hair by eating an unbalanced diet.When a 33-year-old employee at a Texas corporation decided to lose weight quickly, shewent on a fad diet, high in fiber and bulk, but low in protein. Over three months, she lost a lotof weight. She also lost a good deal of her hair.Dermatologist 皮肤病学家 David Alkek, a clinical professor at the University of TexasSouthwest Medical Center at Dallas, sees too many caseslike this woman's. When diets don'tcontain enough amino acids, the building blocks of protein, there's dramatic increase in hairloss as the body breaks down its own protein.Hair and skin cells are constantly reproducing and are, therefore, very sensitive tonutritional deficiencies, explains Dr. Alkek. Foods high in amino acids include meats, eggs, milk,grains and legumes. Just remember that the body cannot store protein. So foods high inprotein must be ingested daily. Under Alkek's care, the woman began eating nutritionallybalanced meals, and her hair was restored in about eight months.Immune system. Vitamins E and C and beta carotene, known as antioxidants 抗氧化剂 ,are considered powerful disease-fighters, capable of slowing down or preventing a number ofailments typically associated with aging.A growing body of evidence suggests that aging and decline in immune function mayresult in part from accumulated damage to cells caused by certain toxic compounds called freeradicals 自由基. Antioxidants seem to counteract or impair the ability of these substances toattack healthy cells, thus avoiding at least some of the damage. Foods containing thesenutrients are being linked—by science rather than myth—to the control and prevention ofheart disease and cancer, stroke, cataracts and to the body's ability to ward off infectiousdiseases.Good general nutrition is essential to maintaining a healthy, youthful appearance. Andthe key to good general nutrition is balance. Proteins should make up roughly ten percent ofyour daily calorie intake; no more than 30percent should come from fats; and the remainingcalories should come mostly from complex carbohydrates.1. The passage primarily tells us how to lose weight so as to improveone's appearance.2. Dark-green leafy vegetables are good sources of beta carotene.3. When one gains weight, the skin becomes loose.4. It is particularly important for the old to drink 6 to 8 glasses of water to help keep skinand other tissues hydrated.5. Food low in protein is harmful to hair.6. Free radicals play an important role in immune function.7. In order to look younger, one should cut back on fats.8. Amino acids are the building blocks of______.9. Genes are______than diet in determining one's looks.10. The body changes______into vitamin A.参考答案：1. N2. Y3. N4. Y5. Y6. N7. NG8. protein9.less important 10. beta carotene六级阅读理解模拟练习二：As we know, it is very important that a firmshould pay attention to the training of its staff asthere exist many weak parts in its variousdepartments. Staff training must have a purpose,which is defined when a firm considers its trainingneeds, which are in turn based on job descriptionsand job specifications.A job description should give details of theperformance that is requiredfor a particular job, and a job specification should giveinformation about the behavior, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee whoworks in it. When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification.This specifies what the Training Department must teach for the successful performance of thejob, and also the best methods to use in the training period.There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages ofall of them. Successful training programmes depend on an understanding of the differencebetween learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learningabout skills takes place "off the job" in the classroom, but training in using these skills takesplace "on the job", by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.It is always difficult to evaluate the costs and savings of a training programme. Thesuccess of such a programme depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality ofthe staff who do the training. A company can often check oh savings in time and cost byexamining the work performed by the workers and technicians who have completed a trainingprogramme. The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.21. To be successful in our training programmes, we must understand the differencebetween______.A. a job description and a job specificationB. what is taught and how it is taughtC. learning about skills and training in using themD. the savings in time and the savings in cost22. The success of a training programme depends on_________.A. the places where the training takes placeB. the correct evaluation of the costs and savings of the programmeC. the performance of the workers and technicians trained in the programmeD. the training methods and the quality of the training staff23. A training specification specifies_______.A. the performance required for a certain jobB. the behavior, knowledge, and skills expected of an employeeC. the training contents and methodsD. the costs and savings of the programme24. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. As there exist weak parts in different departments of a firm, the training of its staff ishighly necessary.B. A training specification is based on the information collected from a job descriptionand a job specification.C. Training in using skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same place.D. It is easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workersand technicians.25. The best title for this passage might be_______.A. A Successful Training ProgrammeB. How to Describe and Specify a JobC. Staff TrainingD. The Importance of Training Workers and Technicians参考答案：21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. C感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。