2012年中国社会科学院考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
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2012年中国社会科学院考博英语真题试卷 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Reading Comprehension 4.
English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation
Structure and Vocabulary
1． But two hurdles stand in the way of Russia’s realizing its space dreams: a
collapsing public-education system and a brain drain that for decades has been
siphoning off the country’s highly trained engineers as they move to better-paying
jobs in the West.
A．obstacles
B．prophecies
C．hassles
D．outcomes
正确答案：A
解析：A项意为“障碍”；B项意为“预言”；C项意为“激战”；D项意为“结果”。句子中画线单词hurdles意为“篱笆，障碍”，因此，A选项符合题意。
2． Its subject is “life-as-spectacle”, for readers, diverted by its various incidents,
observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without: the tragic Iliad, however, presents
“life-as-experience”: readers are, asked to identify with the mind of Achilles, whose
motivations render him a not particularly likeable hero.
A．inside
B．outside
C．lacking
D．surrounding
正确答案：B
解析：A项意为“内部”；B项意为“外部，外界”；C项意为”缺乏”；D项意为“周围的，附近的”。句子中画线单词without做名词时与from连用，意为“外部”，因此，B选项符合题意。
3． The reader trusts the writer to create and re-create for him a vision of a
fictional world that is free of moral ambiguity, a larger-than-life domain in which such
ideals as courage, justice, honor, loyalty and love are challenged and upheld.
A．detected
B．supplied
C．divulged
D．preserved
正确答案：D
解析：A项意为“侦查，发现”；B项意为“提供”；C项意为“泄露”；D项意为“保护，保存”。句子中画线单词upheld是uphold的过去式和过去分词形式，意为“支撑，赞成”，因此，D选项符合题意。
4． Those schools are so strapped for cash that Huckabee just slashed a planned
teacher-salary increase from $3,000 to less than $600.
A．shifted
B．cut
C．modified
D．drafted
正确答案：B
解析：A项意为“转移”；B项意为“砍，剪”；C项意为“修改”；D项意为“起草”。句子中画线单词slashed是slash的过去式和过去分词形式，意为“砍，抨击”，因此，B选项符合题意。
5． Schools also reinforce sex-role stereotyping and potential violence through
what is termed the “evaded curriculum”. This term refers to those issues that greatly
affect the quality of students’ lives, but are rarely discussed within schools.
A．perverted
B．eluded
C．obscured
D．marred
正确答案：B
解析：A项意为“不正当的”；B项意为“逃避的”；C项意为“含糊的”；D项意为“毁坏的”。句子中画线单词evaded意为“回避的，逃避的”，因此，B选项符合题意。
6． Although some schools are postponing new projects because of the faltering
economy, others are forging ahead with plans to emulate reshman programs that have
long existed at some of the nation’s oldest colleges.
A．surpass
B．imitate
C．scramble
D．expand
正确答案：A
解析：A项意为“超过”；B项意为“模仿”；C项意为“抢夺”；D项意为“拓展”。句子中画线单词emulate意为“模仿、效仿”，因此，B选项符合题意。
7． Blues comes from that sense of not being at the centre, “from nothingness,
from want, from desire,” as W.C.Handy put it. Bessie became the incarnation of mat
“absence, darkness, death”.
A．discarnating
B．materialization
C．personification
D．representative
正确答案：C
解析：A项意为“无形”：B项意为“物质化，具体化”；C项意为“化身”；D项意为“典型，代表”。句子中画线单词incarnation意为“化身”，因此，C选项符合题意。
8． Our boasted civilization is but a thin veneer, which cracks and scares off at
the first impact of primal passions.
A．creative
B．traditional
C．uncontrollable
D．original
正确答案：D
解析：A项意为“有创造性的”；B项意为“传统的”；C项意为“无法控制的”；D项意为“原始的”。句子中画线单词primal意为“原始的，最初的”，因此，D选项符合题意。
9． Hamlet’s impetuosity and emotionalism is also the source of his major
weakness and character defect.
A．atrocity
B．impatience
C．humility
D．ambition
正确答案：B
解析：A项意为“凶恶”；B项意为“性急，焦躁”；C项意为“谦卑，谦逊”；D项意为“志气，野心”。句子中画线单词impetuosity意为“急躁，冲动”，因此，B选项符合题意。
10． The playwright’s parliamentary career was notable for his eloquent
speeches made in opposition to the British war against the American colonies, in
support of the new French Republic, and in denunciation of the British colonial
administrator Warren Hastings.
A．sycophancy
B．condemnation
C．gratification
D．menace
正确答案：B
解析：A项意为“拍马屁，奉承”；B项意为“非难，谴责”；C项意为“满足，喜悦”；D项意为“威胁，胁迫”。句子中画线单词denunciation意为“谴责，告发”，因此，B选项符合题意。
11． Business travelers may grumble about moving to the back of the Airbus, but
in the air and on the ground, special deals______for those who are willing to lower
their sights.
A．abound
B．indulge
C．permeate
D．revive
正确答案：A
解析：A项意为“充满，富于”；B项意为“使得到满足，放任”；C项意为“渗透，扩散”；D项意为“苏醒，恢复”，后面接介词in。句子中画线单词hurdles意为“篱笆，障碍”，因此，A选项符合题意。
12． It is developing a service that will let you create all online identity that
can______various claims that it will back up.
A．plunge
B．assert
C．exert
D．insert
正确答案：B
解析：A项意为“插入”；B项意为“维护，显示”；C项意为“运用，施以影响”；D项意为“插入，嵌入”。因此，B选项符合题意。
13． You may have seen this when you tried to open a new bank or credit card
account and you were presented with some multiple choice questions asking you to
verify where you got you______or car loan.
A．complication
B．revenue
C．mortgage
D．chasm
正确答案：C
解析：A项意为“复杂”；B项意为“收入”；C项意为“房屋贷款”；D项意为“断开处”。因此，C选项符合题意。
14． To be a / an______is the ambition most appropriate for those who see the
