2012年吉林大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2012年吉林大学考博英语真题试卷 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension

Structure and Vocabulary

1． Language, culture, and personality may be considered______of each other in

thought, but they are inseparable in fact.

A．indistinctly

B．separately

C．irrelevantly

D．independently

正确答案：D

解析：副词词义辨析。根据句中Language，culture，and personality提供的信息，空格填入的词应与eachother意思相近。选项中，independently意为“独立地，单独地”，强调与别人关系不大。故答案为D。indistinctly“不清楚地，分不清地”；separately“分离地”；irrelevantly“无关地，不相干地”。

2． The work was done in the______of reforms in the economic, social and

cultural spheres.

A．context

B．contest

C．pretext

D．texture

正确答案：A

解析：固定搭配。in the context of reforms意为“在什么情况下的改革”，为固定搭配。故答案为A。

3． The dean tried to retain control of the situation on campus, but his attempt

was______by the board of trustees.

A．approved

B．frustrated

C．disclosed

D．justified

正确答案：B

解析：动词词义辨析。根据句中转折连词but判定，空格应填入与tried to retain

control(试图去控制)意思相对的词。选项中，frustrate(挫败，泄气)符合要求，意为”这些努力被大学董事会挫败”。故答案为B。

4． Some journalists are fond of overstating the situation so that their news may

create a great

A．explosion

B．sensation

C．exaggerating

D．stimulation

正确答案：B

解析：名词词义辨析。选项中，能与动词create搭配的名词只能是sensation(轰动，轰动一时的事情，主要指轰动一时的新闻)，意为“制造出轰动一时的新闻”。故答案为B。explosion“爆炸，爆发”；exaggerating“夸大”；stimulation“刺激；鼓励”。A、C、D均无法与create搭配。

5． There was little, if any, evidence to substantiate the gossip and, ______there

was little to disprove it.

A．by the same token

B．under the same condition

C．at the same stage

D．for the same purpose.

正确答案：B

解析：词组辨析。by the same token“出于同样的原因”；under the same

condition“在同样的情况下”；at the same stage“在同一时期”；for the same purpose“为了同样的目的”。根据句意，在同样的情况下也无法证明它是错误的。故答案为B。

6． Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the

change, or causes energy to be______in some form.

A．given off

B．put out

C．set off

D．used up

正确答案：A

解析：动词词组辨析。given off“释放”；put out“伸出；出版；扑灭”；set off“出发，动身；开始，引起”；used up“筋疲力尽，枯竭”。根据句中chemical change提供的信息，可知化学变化只能是以某种形式energy的“释放”。故答案为A。

7． The United Nation Law of the Sea Conference would soon produce an

ocean-mining treaty following its______declaration in 1970 that oceans were the

heritage of mankind.

A．unanimous

B．abstract

C．autonomous

D．almighty

正确答案：A

解析：形容词词义辨析。根据惯例，国际组织The United Nation Law of the Sea

Conference产生的条约，一般都是达成的一致声明。unanimous(意见一致的，无异议的)符合句意。故答案为A。autonomous“自治的”；almighty“万能的，很强的”。

8． This growth in the______of diabetes is due, in part, to an increase in obesity.

A．inference

B．incidence

C．regulation

D．repetition

正确答案：B

解析：上下文语义。根据句中diabetes(糖尿病)提供的语境，应填入与医疗相关的词汇。选项中，只有incidence(发生率，影响范围)符合要求。故答案为B。

9． Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, ______the

$160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.

A．in proportion to

B．in reply to

C．in relation to

D．in contrast to

正确答案：D

解析：词组辨析。in proportion to“与……成比例”；in reply to“以……作答”；in relation to“关于，关系到”；in contrast to“与……比较起来，与……形成对照”。根据句意，$110 billion和$160billion之间应该是对照关系。故答案为D。

10． France’s______of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered

political debates and mass demonstrations.

A．assumption

B．consumption

C．presumption

D．resumption

正确答案：D

解析：名词词义辨析。根据句中political debates and mass demonstrations提供的信息，能与nucleartesting搭配的名词只能是resumption(恢复)，意为“法国在南太平洋恢复核试验”。故答案为D。

11． The ______ of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of

some physical aspect in the life style of the people.

A．implementation

B．demonstration

C．manifestation

D．expedition

正确答案：B

解析：名词词义辨析。implementation“贯彻，执行”；demonstration“表明，表现”；manifestation“表现，显现”；expedition“远征，考察”。根据句意可知a

logical consequence应该是由文化现象“表现出来”的。故答案为B。

12． Reading______the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking

that makes what we read ours.

A．rectifies

B．prolongs

C．minimizes

D．furnishes

正确答案：D

解析：动词词义辨析。根据句意，空格填入的词应与materials意思相近。选项中，furnishes意为“供料”，符合句意。故答案为D。

13． Previous studies provoked ______ because they used patients whose

diagnosis was questionable.

A．contribution

B．contraction

C．controversy

D．convergence

正确答案：C

解析：名词词义辨析。contribution“贡献，捐款”；contraction“缩减；订约”；controversy“公开辩论，论战”；convergence“收敛，集合”。根据句意，能与provoked搭配的名词只能是controversy，意为“引起公开辩论”。故答案为C。

14． Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close______.

A．temperament

B．contamination

C．scrutiny

D．symmetry

正确答案：C

解析：固定搭配。close scrutiny意为“仔细审查，细看”，为固定搭配。故答案为C。

15． I never said anything like that at all. You are purposely ______my ideas to

prove your points.