2011年1月MBA MPA MPAcc联考真题列举

全国M B A专业硕士综合真题及答案完整版The pony was revised in January 2021跨考教育发布2011年MBA联考综合试题参考答案及详解1-5:BACBD 6-10:EBDED 11-15:EDADC 16-20:AEDBC 21-25:BADDC 26-30：DBBEA 31-35:DEBBC 36-40:BEACB 41-45:CEBCA 46-50:DCCED 51-55:BCDED三、逻辑推理（本大题共30?小题，每小题2?分，共60?分。

在下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。

请在答题卡．．．上将所选的字母涂黑。

）26.巴斯德认为，空气中的微生物浓度与环境状况、气流运动和海拔高度有关。

他在山上的不同高度分别打开装着煮过的培养液的瓶子，发现海拔越来越高，培养液被微生物污染的可能性越小。

在山顶上，20个装了培养液的瓶子，只有1个长出了微生物。

普歇另用干草浸液做材料重复了巴斯德的实验，却得出不同的结果：及时在海拔很高的地方，所有装了培养液的瓶子很快长出了微生物。

以下哪项如果为真，最能解释普歇和巴斯德实验所得到的不同结果？只要有氧气的刺激，微生物就会从培养液中自发地生长出来。

培养液在加热消毒、密封、冷却的过程中会被外界细菌污染。

普歇和巴斯德的实验设计都不够严密。

干草浸液中含有一种耐高温的枯草杆菌，培养液一旦冷却，枯草杆菌的孢子就会复活，迅速繁殖。

普歇和巴斯德都认为，虽然他们用的实验材料不同，但是经过煮沸，细菌都能被有效地杀灭。

27.张教授的所有初中同学都不是博士；通过张教授而认识其哲学研究所同事的都是博士；张教授的一个初中同学通过张教授认识了王研究员。

以下哪项能作为结论从上述断定中推出？王研究员是张教授的哲学研究所同事。

王研究员不是张教授的哲学研究所同事。

王研究员是博士。

王研究员不是博士。

王研究员不是张教授的初中同学。

28.一般将缅甸所产的经过风化或经河水搬运至河谷、河床中的翡翠大砾石，称为“老坑玉”。

2011年1月MBA联考综合写作真题及参考答案四、写作:第56~57题,共65分。

其中论证有效性分析30分,论说文35分,请写在答题纸指定的位置上。

56.论证有效性分析:分析下述论证中存在的缺陷和漏洞,写一篇600字左右的文章,对该论证的有效性进行分析和评论。

(论证有效性分析的一般要点是:概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致,有无各种明显的路基错误,论证的证据是否成立并支持结论,结论成立的条件是否充分等如果你要从股市中赚钱,就必须低价买进股票,高价卖出股票,这是人人都明白的基本道理,但是,问题的关键是在于如何判断股价的高低。

只有正确地判断股价的高低,上述的基本道理才有意义,否则,就毫无实用价值。

股价的高低是一个相对的概念,只有通过比较才能显现。

一般来说,要正确判断某一股票的价格高低,唯一的途径就是看它的历史表现,但是,有人在判断当前某一股价的高低时,不注重股票的历史表现,而知注重股票今后的走势,这是一种危险的行为。

因为股票的历史表现是一种客观事实,客观事实具有无可争辩的确定性;股票的今后走势只是一种主观预测,主观预测具有极大的不确定性,我们怎么可以只凭主观预测而不顾客观事实呢?再说,股价的未来走势充满各种变数,它的涨和跌不是必然的,而是或然的。

我们只能借助概率进行预测。

假如宏观经济、市场态势和个股表现均好,它的上涨概率就大;假如宏观经济、市场态势和个股表现均不好,它的上涨概率就小;假如宏观经济、市场态势和个股表现不相一致,它的上涨概率就需要酌情而定。

由此可见,要从股市获取利益,第一是要掌握股价涨跌的概率,第二还是要掌握股价涨跌的概率,第三也还是要掌握股价涨跌的概率。

掌握了股价涨跌的概率,你就能赚钱;否则,你就会赔钱。

【参考答案】1. “要正确判断某一股票的价格高低,唯一的途径就是看它的历史表现”,显然欠妥当,股票价格的高低由多种要素影响构成,论证者显然忽略其他影响要素。

2.“只注重股票今后的走势,这是一种危险的行为。

2011年1月MBA联考英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nat ion’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“si ngle sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1．A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden2．A.for B.within C.while D.though3．A.careless wless C.pointless D.helpless4．A.reason B.reminder Cpromise D.proposal5 Armation． B.interference C.entertainmentD.equivalent6．A.by B.into C.from D.over7．Aed B.directed C.chained Dpared8．A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve9．A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize10．A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered11．A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in12．A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13．A.trusted B.modernized c.thriving Dpeting14．A.caution B.delight C.confidence D.patience15．A.on B.after C.beyond D.across16．A.divided B.disappointed C.protected D.united17．A.frequestly B.incidentally C.occasionally D.eventually18． A.skepticism B.relerance C.indifference D.enthusiasm19． A.manageable B.defendable C.vulnerableD.invisible20．A.invited B.appointed C.allowed D.forced参考答案：1~5 ACBDD 6~10 BACCB 11~15 DBACA 16~20 ADACD Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors shouldbe able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times mayhave to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits [B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises [D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors [B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters [D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable [B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market [D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .[A]permissive [B]positive [C]scornful [D]critical参考答案21．A。

2011年1月MBA考试英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12.the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and brig ht “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a c ompulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1．A.sweptB.skippedC.walkedD.ridden2．A.forB.withinC.whileD.though3．wlessC.pointlessD.helpless4．promiseD.proposal5．rmationB.interferenceC.entertainmentD.equivalent6．A.byB.intoC.fromD.over7．pared8．A.dismissB.discoverC.createD.improve9．A.recallB.suggestC.selectD.realize10．A.relcasedB.issuedC.distributedD.delivered11．A.carry onB.linger onC.set inD.log in12．A.In vainB.In effectC.In returnD.In contrast13．A.trustedB.modernized peting14．A.cautionB.delightC.confidenceD.patience15．A.onB.afterC.beyondD.across16．A.dividedB.disappointedC.protectedD.united17．A.frequestlyB.incidentallyC.occasionallyD.eventually18．A.skepticismB.releranceC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm19．A.manageableB.defendableC.vulnerableD.invisible20．A.invitedB.appointedC.allowedD.forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an out side director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldma n’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as h elpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms f or larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is.[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own do om. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies v an der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartment s in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life –few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers –but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’.[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s e conomies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stu ck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial council s. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that __ __.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel __ __.［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopefulPart BDirections:(7选5)In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said. Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around school and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new ‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on so cial responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.”The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the46．Direction：In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese, write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volumes of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines d o-rough 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres round the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:1. Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to1) congratulate him/her, and2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)2. write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsyou should write at least 150 wrodswrite your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)2008、2009年国内轿车市场部分【品牌份额示意图】2011年MBA/MPA/ MPACC英语参考答案完型填空：1-10 ACBDDBACCB11-20 DBACAADACD阅读PartA21-25 ADCBD26-30 DBCAA31-35 BDCDB36-40 ADBAD阅读Part B41-45EDCBG翻译部分：有谁会想到，在全球范围内，IT行业产生的温室气体跟全球航空公司产生的一样多？占二氧化碳总排量的2%.很多日常工作对环境造成了让人震惊的破坏作用。

2011年MBA/MPA/MPACC综合数学真题及答案一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的。

1.已知船在静水中的速度为28km/h，河水的流速为2km/h，则此船在相距78km的两地间往返一次所需时间是(A)5.9h (B)5.6h (C)5.4h (D)4.4h (E)4h3.某年级60名学生中，有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队，其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人，则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有(A)15人(B)22人(C)23人(D)30人(E)37人5. 2007年，某市的全年研究与试验发展(R&D)经费支出300 亿元，比2006年增长20%，该市的GDP为10000 亿元，比2006年增长10%，2006 年，该市的R&D经费支出占当年GDP的(A)1.75% (B) 2% (C) 2.5% (D) 2.75% (E) 3%6. 现从5名管理专业，4名经济专业和1名财会专业的学生中随机派出一个3人小组，则该小组中3个专业各有1名学生的概率为(A)1/2 (B)1/3 (C) 1/4 (D)1/5 (E) 1/67. 一所四年制大学每年的毕业生七月份离校，新生九月份入学，该校2001年招生2000名，之后每年比上一年多招200名，则该校2007年九月底的在校学生有(A)14000名(B)11600名(C)9000名(D)6200名(E)3200名8. 将2个红球与1个白球随机地放入甲、乙、丙三个盒子中，则乙盒中至少有1个红球的的概率为(A) 1/9 (B) 8/27 (C) 4/9 (D) 5/9 (E) 17/2713. 在年底的献爱心活动中，某单位共有100人参加捐款，经统计，捐款总额是19000元，个人捐款数额有100元、500元和2000元三种，该单位捐款500元的人数为(A) 13 (B) 18 (C) 25 (D) 30 (E) 3814. 某施工队承担了开凿一条长为2400m隧道的工程，在掘进了400m后，由于改进了实施工艺，每天比原计划多掘进2m，最后提前50天完成了施工任务，原计划施工工期是(A) 200天(B) 240天(C) 250天(D) 300天(E) 350天15.二、条件充分性判断：第16-25小题，每小题3分，共30分。

2011年1月MBA综合逻辑真题答案及解析〔26题开始为综合逻辑题〕26.巴斯德认为，空气中的微生物浓度与环境状况、气流运动和海拔高度有关。

他在山上的不同高度分别打开装着煮过的培养液的瓶子，发现海拔越来越高，培养液被微生物污染的可能性越小。

在山顶上，20个装了培养液的瓶子，只有1个长出了微生物。

普歇另用干草浸液做材料重复了巴斯德的实验，却得出不同的结果：及时在海拔很高的地方，所有装了培养液的瓶子很快长出了微生物。

以下哪项如果为真，最能解释普歇和巴斯德实验所得到的不同结果?A 只要有氧气的刺激，微生物就会从培养液中自发地生长出来。

B 培养液在加热消毒、密封、冷却的过程中会被外界细菌污染。

C 普歇和巴斯德的实验设计都不够严密。

D 干草浸液中含有一种耐高温的枯草杆菌，培养液一旦冷却，枯草杆菌的孢子就会复活，迅速繁殖。

E 普歇和巴斯德都认为，虽然他们用的实验材料不同，但是经过煮沸，细菌都能被有效地杀灭。

解析：此题为解释题：海拔越高，微生物应该越少。

两种煮过的溶液，在高海拨地区，一个少一个多，如何解释？海拔一样，就要考虑两种溶液的不同。

ABCE说的都是两种实验的相同之处，没有任何解释结果不同的作用，直接排除。

答案为D27.张教授的所有初中同学都不是博士;通过张教授而认识其哲学研究所同事的都是博士;张教授的一个初中同学通过张教授认识了王研究员。

以下哪项能作为结论从上述断定中推出?A 王研究员是张教授的哲学研究所同事。

B 王研究员不是张教授的哲学研究所同事。

C 王研究员是博士。

D 王研究员不是博士。

E 王研究员不是张教授的初中同学。

解析：观察题干，诸多重合因素，考虑串联与逆否。

初中同学---不是博士认识哲学研究所的人的人----是博士逆否：初中同学---不是博士----不认识哲学研究所的初中同学-------------------认识王研究员很明显：王研究员不是哲学所的人。

答案为：B提问：你敢用消元法解这道题吗？题干中出现的事件：1、初中同学 2、博士 3、哲学研究所的人 4、非博士 5、初中同学 6、王研究员把相同的事件约掉，剩下：1、哲学研究所的人 2、非 3、王研究员把1、2和3组个句子就是答案。

2011年管理类专业学位全国联考真题解析第一部分、综合能力真题一、问题求解：第15~1小题，每小题3分，共45分，下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。

1．已知船在静水中的速度为28h km /，河水的流速为2h km /。

则此船在相距78km 的两地间往返一次所需时间是A ．h 9.5B ．h 6.5C ．h 4.5D ．h 4.4E ．h 4 【考点】：行程问题【解析】：【参考答案】：B 2．若实数a ，b ，c 满足0)45(5332=-+++-c b a ，则=abc （ ）A ．4-B ．35-C ．34-D ．54E ．4 【考点】：非负性【解析】：⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=+=-04505303c b a ⇒⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧=-==54353c b a ⇒454)35(3-=⨯-⨯=abc 。

【参考答案】：A3．某年级60名学生中，有30人参加合唱团、45人参加运动队，其中参加合唱团而未参加运动队的有8人，则参加运动队而未参加合唱团的有（ ）A ．15人B ．22人C ．23人D ．30人E ．37人 【考点】： 容斥原理 【解析】： 【参考答案】：C4．现有一个半径为R 的球体，拟用刨床将其加工成正方体，则能加工成的最大正方体的体kmS 78=顺水：hkm V V V /30=+=→→→水静实h km V /28=→静h km V /2=→水kmS 78=逆水：h km V V V /26=-=→←←水静实h km V /28=←静h km V /2=→水h h km km t 6.2/30781==h h km km t 3/26782==h h h t t t 6.536.221=+=+=11115C 14C 11C ⨯⨯611238910145310111415=⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯=⋅⋅=C C C C p 积是（ ）A ．338R B ．3938R C ．334R D ．331R E ．393R 【考点】：立体几何【解析】：设正方体的边长为a，如图可知，2aAB BC OC ===，则a aa a OA 43)2()2()2(222=++=，球体的半径为R ，即R a =43，则R a 34=。

2011MBA综合真题及答案(管理类联考综合) 2011MBA综合真题及答案(管理类联考综合)一、综合能力在现代社会，经济全球化的发展给企业带来了新的挑战和机遇。

企业在面对日益激烈的市场竞争时，需要具备一定的综合能力，来适应并应对不断变化的环境。

本文将就2011年MBA综合真题及答案进行分析，探讨相关管理类联考的综合能力要求。

二、背景分析2011年MBA综合真题主要涉及市场营销、财务管理、组织行为学等方面的内容。

通过对这些题目进行综合分析，可以看出在现代企业管理中，需要具备的核心综合能力主要包括市场营销能力、财务管理能力和组织协调能力。

三、市场营销能力市场营销作为企业获取利润和满足客户需求的关键活动之一，对企业的发展起着重要作用。

在2011年的综合真题中，涉及了市场营销战略、市场调研和品牌建设等方面的问题。

这些问题要求考生能够针对不同的市场情况，制定相应的市场营销策略，并通过市场调研来了解消费者需求，从而实现企业的销售增长和市场份额的提升。

四、财务管理能力财务管理是企业决策的基础，能否合理地运用财务手段来支撑企业的运营和发展，对企业来说至关重要。

在2011年的MBA综合真题中，出现了财务分析、预算编制和投资决策等相关问题。

这些问题要求考生具备财务分析的能力，能够从财务报表和财务指标等方面评估企业的经营状况；同时，还要求考生能够编制合理的预算，为企业未来的发展提供有效的经济支持。

五、组织协调能力在现代企业中，高效的组织协调能力对于提高工作效率和实现组织目标起着至关重要的作用。

在2011年的MBA综合真题中，涉及了团队合作、管理排期和领导力等问题。

这些问题要求考生具备良好的沟通和协调能力，能够有效地与团队成员合作，安排工作排期，并且具备一定的领导力，能够有效地引领团队达成共同的目标。

六、答案分析通过对2011年的MBA综合真题答案的分析，可以看出，针对不同的问题，答案中所提供的解决方案多样化，多角度地进行了综合分析和评估。

2011年MBA英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has swept across the Web.[əˈfɔ:d] [ˌænəˈnɪmɪti:] ˈpraivəsi [iksˈpləuʒən]爆发[ˈsaibə] 计算机（网络）的cyber-crime电脑犯罪1．A.swept扫 B.skipped跳 C.walked D.ridden互联网为用户提供匿名权，私人祝福和言论自由。

但是过度的匿名的还导致了席卷整个网络的网络犯罪的爆发Can privacy be preserved while bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly lawless ?[英] [siˈkjuəriti] [英] [ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli]2．A.for B.within C.while D.though3．A.careless wless C.pointless无意义的 D.helpless隐私是否应该被保护当它为世界带来似乎越来越多的不合法的安全性？Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a proposal to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled into one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential linked to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.[zɑ:, tsɑ:]皇帝；独裁者[英] [prəˈpəuzəl] 提议；建议；求婚[ˈvɔləntəri] [aiˈdentiti][iˈkwivələnt] 相等的相当的[ˈdidʒitəl] [kriˈdenʃəl][ɔ:ˈθentɪˌkeɪt]鉴定、生效[rɪˈmaɪndə] 令人回忆起……的东西；通知单；提示信smart card n.智能卡roll into 4．A.reason B.reminder promise妥协 D.proposal5 rmation B.interference干涉干扰 C.entertainment娱乐招待D.equivalent6．A.by流逝 B.into roll into（使）滚进 C.from D.over翻滚7．A.linked B.directed把……用于，指示去C.chained[tʃeind] 拴住，束缚 pared上个月，霍华德.施密特，国家的网络-专家，为联邦政府提供了一个使网络成为一个安全场所的提议，这个提议就是建立一个叫做“自愿信任身份识别”的高科技系统，它等价于一个实体钥匙，一个指纹和一个带照片的身份证结合起来。