派生词的考查
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派生词的考查[真题再现]二．对于派生词应注意所给单词有哪些相关的同根词，然后看相空的空格处所填单词在句中作何种成分，或依据空格前前面的某些信息确定空格处应用所给单词的名词、还是形容词、副词。
此外，还应注意使用适当的比较级或最高级。
如：1. Some villagers brought me goat’s cheese and honey. We drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night. (2007年广东省高考试题)2. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”38 (high). (2008年广东省高考试题)3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the contrary to our intention. (2008年广东省高考试题)4. But Jane knew from past experience that her 36 (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father．(2009年广东省高考试题)5. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. （2010年广东高考题）6. The teacher replied, " You tasted the water. I tasted the girl. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 39 (sweet). " （2010年广东高考题）[试题解析]1. merrily。
从语法上分析，本空所给的单词应修饰空格前面的动词talked，故本空应用所给单词的副词形式merrily。
2. higher。
根据句子的逻辑分析，在“他”的努力下，庄稼比以前长得更高了。
因此，本空所给单词应用其比较级形式。
3. natural。
从语法上分析，本空所给单词应修饰后面的名词course。
通常情况下，我们用形容词修饰名词。
而nature这个名词的相应的形容词是natural。
4. choices。
从语法上分析，本空所给单词在句中作主语。
在英语中，只有名词形式才能在句中作主语。
Choose是一个动词，它相应的名词形式是choice。
5. 从句子结构上分析，本题所给单词应在语法上修饰空格前面的谓语动词smiled。
而修饰动词应用副词。
因此，本空应填warmly。
6. 根据上下文的逻辑分析，本空所在的句子应意为“Nothing could be ______ than kindness and love”因此，本空所给单词应用其比较级sweeter。
[考点分析]1．派生词语的考查：2007年考查了由所给形容词转化为副词的用法，2008年则考查了原级变成比较级的用法，及名词转化为形容词的用法。
2009年则测试了动词转化为名词的用法。
2010年则考查的形容词转化为副词及形容词的原级转化为比较级的用法。
2．派生词考查的重点：重点测试考生能否熟练把握各种词性的用法及相关单词的同根词。
这一考点主要体现在对于名词、形容词、副词的用法方面，考查考生在具体的语言环境中能否熟练地运用这些词类。
3. 测试形容或副词的比较级、最高级。
从近年来的高考试题我们可以看出，形容词和副词的比较级是测试的一个热点项目。
但值得注意的是，形容词和副词的最高级还没有考查到。
这一现象值得我们注意。
[应对策略]1. 注意构词法的学习和把握。
给一个单词的词根加前缀或后缀构成一个新的单词，这是英语中常用的构词手法。
因而把握中学阶段常见的构词法是中学生必备的能力之一。
因而在广东省的高考试题的语法填空题中，专门设置了一题用来考查同根词或者派生词，这也是与新课标的要求一致的。
2. 注意各类词性的正确使用。
名词在句中作主语、表语和宾语。
动词在句中作谓语。
形容词在句中作表语、定语或宾补。
副词常用在句中修饰动词，作状语，。
3. 注意把握形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成和使用。
通常情况下，比较级和最高级的测试通常以测试-er、-est这两种派生词为主。
4. 注意基数词和序数词的互相转化。
尽管在这几年的高考试题中还没有出现基数词和序数词的测试题，但它们仍是我们重视的对象。
5. 使用派生词的时候，应从语法角度及逻辑方面进行来考虑。
这一点，我们可以从前面的[试题分析]当中看出来。
小练：1. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1. On my _______(arrive) in Beijing, I began to hunt for a job all over the city.2. Five police are assigned to watch over the ______(move) of the young man.3. You don’t have to be so neatly dressed because it is only a(n) _______(form) meeting.4. We still need to _______(far) discuss the problem at the conference tomorrow evening.5. ______(employ) is getting from bad to worse in that country due to economic crisis.6. Smoking is too ______(harm) to your health, so you should give it up.7. All the girls burst into _______(laugh) when they heard the funny story.8. I don’t think your demand is quite ________(reason) for a school student.9. You must work hard so that you can make more ______(contribute) to the country.10. You’d better fill in the ______(apply) form first if you want to apply for this job.11. There is no _______(argue) as whether to put off the meeting till tomorrow.12. Mr. Li has been interested in _______(photo) when he was still a little boy.13. With that, Thomas Jefferson, the (three)president of the US, turned his horse around and went away．14. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn’t ask for any help. The wait seemed 31 (end).15. Of all the stuents in my class, his dauther did _____(well) in the writing competition last week. Key: 1. arrival 2. movement 3. informal 4. further 5. Unemployment6. harmful7. laughing/laughter8. reasonable9. contributions 10. application11. argument 12. photography 13. third 14. endless 15. bestII．用下面短文中所给单词的正确形式填空A father sat at his desk staring at his 1 (month) bills when his young son rushed in and announced, “Dad, since this is your birthday, I’m going to give you 55 kisses, one for each year!” When the boy set out to carry out h is word, the father exclaimed, “Oh, Andrew, don’t do it now; I’m too busy!”The youngster immediately fell 2 (silence) as tears ran out of his big blue eyes. The father felt sorry and said, “You can finish 3 (late).” The boy walked away quietly with 4 (disappoint) written over his face. That evening the 5 (mercy) fa ther said, “Come and finish the kisses now, Andrew!” But the boy didn’t respond.6 (fortunate), a few days later the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote “If only I could tell him how much I regret my7 (thought) words,and could be certain that he knows how much my heart is aching.”Love is a two-way street. Any loving act must be 8 (warm) accepted or it will be taken as 9 (reject) and can leave a scar. If we are too busy to give and receive love, that means we are much too busy! Nothing is 10 (much) important than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us.(本文选自/essays/66660.html)Keys: 1. monthly 2. silent 3. later 4. disappointment 5. merciful 6. Unfortunately 7. thoughtless 8. warmly 9. rejection 10. moreIII. 阅读下面短文．按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
