Fonsecaea monophora致着色芽生菌病一例报道并文献复习
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·临床诊疗提示·Fonsecaea monophora致着色芽生菌病一例报道并文献复习王红燕1,王宏伟2*【摘要】 目的 利用分子生物学方法鉴定1例Fonsecaea monophora致着色芽生菌病(CBM),观察伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬治疗的效果。
方法 回顾性分析2015-03-22广东省人民医院皮肤科收治的1例Fonsecaea monophora致CBM患者的临床资料。
观察真菌培养、镜检、病理检查、DNA测序、体外药敏试验情况以及口服伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬治疗情况。
复习相关文献并进行讨论。
结果 患者左手虎口部位创伤后引发疣状增生斑块长达11年。
沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基(SDA)上可见暗棕色、橄榄色至黑色菌落,镜下可见枝孢型和喙枝孢型分生孢子,病理结果显示可见棕色厚壁孢子。
ITS区序列分析鉴定为Fonsecaea monophora,结合临床特征及实验室检查确诊为Fonsecaea monophora致CBM,体外抗真菌药敏结果提示该Fonsecaea monophora菌株对伊曲康唑和特比萘芬敏感。
口服伊曲康唑(200mg/d)联合特比萘芬(250 mg/d),共治疗9个月,病情痊愈,随访6个月未见复发。
治疗过程中全程检测肝、肾功能,未发生异常。
结论 伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬成功治愈1例Fonsecaea monophora致CBM,并取得满意的治疗效果。
【关键词】 着色芽生菌病;Fonsecaea monophora;伊曲康唑;特比萘芬;病例报告【中图分类号】 R 756 【文献标识码】 D DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.194王红燕,王宏伟.Fonsecaea monophora致着色芽生菌病一例报道并文献复习[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(29):3639-3643.[]WANG H Y,WANG H W.Chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea monophora:a case report and literature review[J].Chinese General Practice,2018,21(29):3639-3643.Chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea monophora:a Case Report and Literature Review WANG Hongyan1,WANG Hongwei2*1.Department of Dermatology,Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510080,China2.Department of Dermatology,Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai 200007,China*Corresponding author:WANG Hongwei,Chief physician;E-mail:hongweiwang2005@【Abstract】 Objective To diagnose a case of chromoblastomycosis(CBM) due to Fonsecaea monophora with a molecular biological method and to observe the patient response to the treatment with itraconazole plus terbinafine.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data(including laboratory findings such as fungal culture,results of microscopy,pathological examination,DNA sequencing and antifungal susceptibility testing) of a case of CBM due to Fonsecaea monophora admitted to Department of Dermatology,Guangdong General Hospital at March 22,2015 receiving treatment with oral administration of itraconazole combined with terbinafine with reviewing the relevant studies.Results A proliferative verrucous leukoplakia(PVL) was observed on the patient's left jaws of death which appeared after a trauma for over 11 years.Fungalculture produced dark brown or olivaceous to black colonies.Cladosporium-type and rhinocladiella-typeconidiogenous cellswere observed on slide culture,which morphologically indicated the identification of Fonsecaea monophora.Histopathology ofthe skin biopsy showed brown sclerenchyma.Molecular identification of the isolated strain by ITS region sequencing confirmed the causative agent to be Fonsecaea monophora.The patient was diagnosed as CBM due to Fonsecaea monophora according to clinical features and laboratory findings.The results of antifungal susceptibility testing indicated that the isolated strain was sensitive to itraconazole and terbinafine.The patient was cured with a 9-month therapy of oral administration of itraconazole (200 mg/d)and terbinafine (250 mg/d).No recurrence was found showed by a 6-month follow-up.During the treatment,the liver and renal functions were normal.Conclusion This case of CBM due to Fonsecaea monophora was cured successfully with combination therapy of itraconazole plus terbinafine.【Key words】 Chromoblastomycosis;Fonsecaea monophora;Itraconazole;Terbinafine;Case reports1.510080广东省广州市,广东省人民医院 广东省医学科学院皮肤科2.200007上海市,复旦大学附属华东医院皮肤科*通信作者:王宏伟,主任医师;E-mail:hongweiwang2005@着色芽生菌病(chromoblastomycosis,CBM)是由暗色真菌感染引起的皮肤及皮下组织的慢性肉芽肿性真菌病,常见于热带或亚热带地区,我国南方是主要流行病区之一[1]。
其多呈慢性病程,可长达数十年,顽固难治,临床疗效多不满意。
本研究选取广东省人民医院于2015-03-22诊治的1例老年手部CBM,经真菌学鉴定为Fonsecaea monophora菌株,并采用伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬治疗得到满意疗效。
现报道如下。
1 资料与方法1.1 临床资料 患者女,69岁,广东肇庆人,农民。
主因“左手虎口部位皮损伴瘙痒11年,加重1年余”于2015-03-22就诊于广东省人民医院皮肤科。
11年前,患者种田时,患部不慎创伤少量出血,之后出现皮肤小丘疹、脓疱疹及疣状样损害,皮疹范围逐渐扩大,并逐渐缓慢向周边呈环状蔓延,破溃后流脓血及结痂。
病情不断加重,天气寒冷时症状稍有缓解,天气炎热及食用辛辣刺激性食物症状加重。
曾在广东省多家医院诊治,既往外用类固醇激素(复方醋酸地塞米松乳膏等)及间断口服过抗真菌药物(具体不详),疗效欠佳,病情迁延不愈。
由于病情加重患者就诊于本院。
患者一般状况尚可,无咳嗽、咳痰,无腹痛、腹泻,无明显体质量减轻,胃纳、睡眠尚可,二便正常。
既往无传染病病史。
皮肤科检查:左手虎口部位可见1个约7 cm×5 cm大小的斑块,边缘隆起呈疣状增生,边界清楚,表面溃烂,皮损表面覆黄色厚痂,有少许渗出(见图1 A)。
1.2 检查方法1.2.1 真菌学检查、菌种鉴定 皮损组织分泌物接种于沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基(SDA),28 ℃培养,2~3周可看到菌落生长,培养时间共30 d,并行氢氧化钾(KOH)镜检及小培养镜下观察孢子形态。
治疗结束再进行真菌培养。
1.2.2 组织病理学 患者皮损部位进行组织病理学检查,HE 染色。
1.2.3 DNA提取、聚合酶链式反应(PCR) 采用InstaGene TM Matrix试剂盒(Bio-Rad,美国)并按照说明书对菌株进行DNA提取,PCR扩增反应体系以及测序方法详见文献[2],引物设计方法使用Oligo 6.0软件合成[3],通用引物〔生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司〕为ITS-4(5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3')和ITS-5(5'-GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3')。
对rDNA ITS区域进行PCR扩增,扩增产物由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行测序。