211翻硕考研题库

桂林理工大学2021年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语（总分100分，三小时答完）考生注意：请将答题内容直接写在试题纸上Part I Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.（每小题0.5分，共10分）1. The Chinese leader publicly advocated the cooperation of all the countries in the world.A. opposedB. supportedC. announcedD. proclaimed2. The baby mice are at their most vulnerable shortly after birth, when they are often attacked by birds of prey.A.defensiveB. well-protectedC. ill-protectedD. offensive3. There were long flames on the sky, which made people speculate on the whereabouts of the fire.A. guessB. discussC. analyzeD. ponder4. The government sees price controls as a way to combat economic depression.A. slow downB. preventC. stopD. fight5. Agriculturalists are attempting to breed a new disease-resistant type of corn.A. produceB. inventC. placeD. nourish6. She confined herself to using the phone only once a day because the phone bill had been too high.A. allowedB. controlledC. restrictedD. restrained7. Someone shouted “fire!” and in the ensuing panic several people were injured.A. previousB. followingC. suddenD. terrible8. They plan to walk to the South Pole, using sledges to haul their supplies as Scott had done.A. carryB. loadC. pullD. send9. It’s unbelievable how quickly bad news gets round, isn’t it?A. spreadB. are inventedC. are relatedD. are distorted10. If you can give a legitimate explanation for your mistake, I won’t blame you.A. detailedB.simpleC. trueD. reasonable11. The duke’s daughter became mute after a shock.A. dumbB.silentC. speechlessD. wordless12. The police officer probed his body from top to bottom, suspecting him of drug trafficking.A. searchedB. exploredC. investigatedD. examined13. Helicopters with searchlights swept the park which was sealed off.A. cleaned with a long-handled brushB. spread quickly throughC. moved across steadily from side to sideD. stretched out in a long, wide, curved shape14. The plane was flying normally for about 15 minutes before a warning light started blinking.A. opened very quicklyB. happened very quicklyC. turned onD. flashed on and off15. The top half of the door to his office was of frosted glass.A. covered with something like frostB. covered with icingC. roughened and thus not clearD. with the surface covered with frost16. Quite by accident, she came up with a brilliantly simple solution.A. by chanceB. in an accidentC. through an accidentD. through deliberation17. “I’m writing a novel,” the young man declared loftily.A. noblyB. self-importantlyC. ironicallyD. noticeably18. I love listening to Jazz music. I find it very soothing, especially when I’ve had a hard day.A. sweetB. touchingC. comfortingD. soft19. Her resignation will do little to inspire confidence in a company that is already struggling for survival.A. restoreB. motivateC. gainD. give20. He tried hard to suppress his anger and resentment, but finally he lost his temper.A. hold backB. surpassC. disguiseD. hidePart II Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the parenthesis. （每小题1分，共20分）1. After all he has done for us, it would be very________ of us if we didn’t do this for him now.(grateful)2. Although I was quite sure that she has stolen my watch, I could not find any_________. (evident)3. Gerald has__________failed his driving test again.(fortune)4. This necklace is not simply costly; it is ________.(value)5. This coat is too short for me. Do you think you could________it a little?(long)6. The hurricane caused terrible_______along the coast.(destroy)7. It is said the 100 ％iron is ________ .(rust)8. There has been a ________interest in the function of the Internet in distance education.(continue)9. This economic recession is a timely_____ of the threat that a market economy may face.(remind)10. I have been taught to be very_____ about my manners at parties.(care)11. _______your child will grow up and lead her own independent life. (event)12. In agriculture, global________has intensified, leading to lower prices for many products.(compete)13. I had a father who continued a tradition of love with a ________of spirit. (generous)14. Hollywood suggests ________houses with vast palm-fringed swimming pools.(luxury)15. In those days Hollywood was like a magnet, drawing ______ young men and women from all over the world. (ambition)16. We hardly ever go into London. Whatever we need we can buy______(local)17. When an iron object is heated in a fire, it glows red and ______radiation. (emission)18. The cost of the flights, accommodation and car rental is two thousand dollars______.(include)19. With the possible ________of another world war, global warming may be the single largest threat to our planet. (except)20. I feel utterly________ by his refusal to take any action. (illusion)Part III Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. （每小题1分，共10分）1.Word got around about “those pants of Levi’s” and Strauss was in business._____________2.They draw no distinctions and recognize no classes: there are merely American. ____________3.My purpose in writing you is to put your disappointment in perspective by considering exactly what your grade means and doesn’t mean. ______________________________4.I hope to show you that your grade, taken at face value, is apt to be quite misleading. _________municating in another language involves not only linguistic skills, but the ability to enter into another culture’s mentality. ___________6.The door opened and a little girl stood there, peering at me._______________7. Oddly enough, the men whom he flunked did not resent it.___________8. In essence, these gases are trapping excess heat in the Earth ’s atmosphere in much the same waythat a windshield traps solar energy that enters a car.__________9. We are also advocating policies that will combat global warming over the long term.______________10. Hollywood ’s fame and fortune reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s. _____________Part IV Fill in each blank with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.(每小题2分，共10分)1. Martin's unpredictable upbringing shaped his whole life, with so many .2. Women tend to their success external causes such as assistance from friends.3. Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar, but only his health.4. The old man’s face the lines of pressure and exhaustion that have accumulatedover the years.5. At the critical moment of presidential election, the candidate urged his supporters to _________.Part V Cloze （每小题1分，共20分）Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carryout research work aimed ___1___ extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasisgiven to each of these functions ___2___from university to university, according to the views of thepeople in ___3___ and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities dono ___4____the staff or equipment to carry out the___5___ research projects possible in largerinstitutions. ___6___ most experts agree that some research activity is ___7___ to keep the staff andtheir students in ____8___with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to___9____ the knowledge needed for their chosen___10__. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the____11____ one. Universities havealways aimed to produce men and women ___12___ judgment and wisdom as well asknowledge.For this reason, they___13___ students to meet others with differing___14___and toread widely to ___15___ their understanding in many fields of study. ___16___ a secondary schoolcourse, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for itsown___17___. He should be prepared to ___18___sacrifices to study his chosen ___19__in depth.He should have an ambition to make some ___20___contribution to man's knowledge.1.A) at B) by C) to D) in2.A) turns B) ranges C) moves D) varies3.A) prospect B) place C) control D) favor4.A) occupy B) possess C) involve D) spare5.A) maximum B) medium C) virtual D) vast6.A) But B) As C) While D) For7.A) natural B) essential C) functionalD) optional8.A) coordination B) accordance C) touch D) grasp9.A) acquire B) accept C) endure D) ensure10.A) procession B) profession C) possession D) preference11.A) typical B) true C) mere D) only12.A) with B) under C) on D) through13.A) prompt B) provoke C) encourage D) anticipate14.A) histories B) expressions C) interests D) curiosities15.A) broaden B) lengthen C) enforce D) specify16.A) Amid B) Over C) After D) Upon17.A) object B) effect C) course D) sake18.A) take B) suffer C) make D) pay19.A) field B) target C) scope D) goal20.A) radical B) meaningful C) truthful D) initialPart VI Writing. (每小题30分，共30分)Directions：Write a composition in 250 words on the following topic with a clear thesis statement and effective supporting arguments.Academic Study and Extracurricular Activities。

目　录2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1．These small firms _____ not long ago in order to meet the increasing demands for more electrical appliances.A. clusteredB. assembledC. linkedD. amalgamated【答案】D【解析】句意：为了应对电子设备需求的增长，这些小公司前不久实现了合并。

选项中四个单词均有“聚集、合拢”的意思，但侧重点不同。

（机构、公司）amalgamate合并。

cluster（人）聚集。

assemble集合；组装。

link联系。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

2．My aunt has decided to spend her _____ years in the suburbs of Shanghai.A. diminishingB. decliningC. reducingD. dwindling【答案】B【解析】句意：我的阿姨决定在上海的郊区安度她的晚年。

本题考查惯用搭配。

选项中四个单词均有“下降、减少”的意思，但只有declining years为惯用搭配，意为“晚年”。

上海交大《211翻译硕士英语》配套考研真题集1 真题解析：题1. _____ the passage of light, many new plastics are processed using technologies rivaling those used in the manufacture of computer chips.A. For the better ofB. Permitting betterC. To better permitD. It is better for【答案】C~~~~【解析】不定式短语做目的状语。

better应放于所修饰的动词之前。

题2. Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape their problem, _____ bigger ones in cities plagued with crime, drugs, and immorality.A. have only foundB. only findingC. only foundD. only to find【答案】D~~~~【解析】only to表示“出人意料的结果”。

题3. Danis Hayes raised the essential paradox and asked how people could have fought so hard against environmental degradation, _____ themselves now on the verge of losing the war.A. only foundB. finding onlyC. only to findD. have only found【答案】C~~~~【解析】only to find不定式作结果状语，表示结果出人意料。

2021 年北京科技大学 211 翻硕英语考研真题I.Vocabulary and Structure ( 30 points, 1 point each, 60 minutes)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, orD.1.It was nearly always organized by the government, although some club members acted their own initiative.2.by B.on C.with D.in3.4.saving B.to save C.saved D.save5.Modern bodies are especially to cancer, because technology produces waste that inhibits their proper functioning.6.relevant B.invulnerable C.prone D.attractive7.Some of his plans were impractical and good for his work, but he never wavered in what he considered just.8.too much B.much too C.so much D.much so9.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution, but critics condemned it as and unfairly influenced by recent events.10. A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious11.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth, instead people’s character should be measured by their value to society.12.wh ile B.so C.because D.when13.Du ring the 17th century many artists became involved in color theory andpainting for enlightenment.14.looked up to B.looked out C.lookedon D.looked to15.No government can meet thedemand for ever more sophisticated medical technology by an aging population.16.intransigent B.insatiable C.ingenious D.inglorious17.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do and those that are carefully contrived for effect.18.reluctantly B.publicly C.spontaneously D.prolifically19.The monkeys in the zoo are a group, because primates are inevitably and build their lives around each other.20.social B.independent C.stable D.curious21.When economy, language, culture and history interact, people begin to view them as subjects rather than isolated ones.22.idiosyncratic B.integral C.synchronized D.synthesized23.24.give out B.give away C.give of D.give off25.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region, people wereunprepared for the of the blizzard that year.dness B.ferocity C.inevitability D.probability27.28.prolific B.prominent C.promising D.marginalized29.All are in the stages, until architectural historians survey each house to determine which have historic value.30.preliminary B.primary C.prevalent D.predicative31.He has unusual insight and imagination, which has made him succeed innew and fundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.32.coordinating B.discerning C.acknowledging D.dispelling33.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters to the central events.34.consequential B.peripheral C.indispensable D.permeating35.Once I finally finding a definition, I see that it was never any such thing.36.get across to B.get away with C.get round to D.get in with37.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages, those periods are not truly .38.distinct B.continuous C.reflexive D.codependent39.In spite of among scientists, and years of contentious discussion, the claim that earthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.40.reception B.popularity C.skepticism D.antipathy41.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and as slang.42.equivocal B.equitable C.equable D.ephemeral43.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them as valuable antiques.44.out B.by C.away D.off45.46.in B.under C.to D.with47.48.infinity B.conformity C.affinity D.fluidity49.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing, for it is calculated to undermine a number of beliefs they have long .50.cherished B.denied C.anticipated D.misunderstood51.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry, even now only a few independent observers his works.A.52.The exhibition, though small in scale, succeeded in its members with a firm sense of self-worth and purpose.53.endowing B.imbuing dening D.providing54.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly of Virginia Woolf’s novels.55.reminiscent B.symptomatic C.indicative D.imitative56.Historian can “Augustan peace” only by failing to recognize that this peace in many respects resemble that of death.57.demand B.ridicule C.applaud D.disapprove58.II.described B.acknowledged C.overlooked D.authenticatedIII.Section IDirections: In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions.Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage OneMuch of this eavesdropping has long been surmised, and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts, which issue orders to internet firms.Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy: if there were another attack on America, Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work, nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size, scope and cost of the security bureaucracy: some 1.4 million people have “top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden.Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear: it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies: the European Union, in particular, fastidiously protects its citizens’ data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap, in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry: the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to betrusted.James Clapper, America’s director of national intelligence, told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on “millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in “the least untruthful manner” possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms, especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on “no-fly lists”, which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel, are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names.In desperation, 13 American citizens, including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban, are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things, but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these, officials will be tempted to abuse their powers, because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.1.According to the passage, which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two “if there were another attack on America, Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten” probably means .A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.C.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT .A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will dama ge America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph 7 is presented to illustrate .A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.Passage TwoToo many of the findings that fill the academic ether are the result of shoddy experiments or poor analysis.A rule of thumb among biotechnologyEven when flawed research does not put people’s lives at risks—and much of it is too far from the market to do so—it squanders money and the efforts of some of the world’s best minds.The opportunity costs of stymied progress are hard to quantify, but they are likely to be vast.And they could be rising.every academic post.Nowadays verification does little to advance a researcher’s career.And without verification, dubious findings live on to mislead.Careerism also encourages exaggeration and the cherry-picking of results.In order to safeguard their exclusivity, the leading journals impose high rejection rates:in excess of 90% of submitted manuscripts.The most striking findings have the greatest chance of making it onto the page.Little wonder that one in three researchers knows of a colleague who has pepped up a paper by, say, excluding inconvenient data from results “based on a gut feeling”.And as more research teams around the world work on a problem, the odds shorten that at least one will fall prey to an honest confusion between the sweet signal of a genuine discovery and a freak of the statistical noise.Conversely, failures to prove a hypothesis are rarely even offered for publication, let alone accepted.“Negative results” now account for only 14% of published papers, down from 30% in 1990.Yet knowing what is false is as important to science as knowing what is true.The failure to report failures means that researchers waste money and effort exploring blind alleys already investigated by other scientists.The hallowed process of peer review is not all it is cracked up to be, either.Whena prominent medical journal ran research past other experts in the field, it found that most of the reviewers failed to spot mistakes it had deliberately inserted into papers, even after being told they were being tested.All this makes a shaky foundation for an enterprise dedicated to discovering the truth about the world.What might be done to shore it up? One priority should be forall disciplines to follow the example of those that have done most to tighten standards.Ideally, research protocols should be registered in advance and monitored in virtual notebooks.This would curb the temptation to fiddle with the experiment’s design midstream so as to make the results look more substantial than they are.Where possible, trial data also should be open for other researchers to inspect and test.6.Which issue about science is mainly addressed in the passage?A.Science calls for more verification.B.Flawed science research does harm to humanity.C.D.An objective evaluation of science is necessary.7.Which of the following statements can best explain the major issue in science?A.Scientific research is too flawed to be turned into productivity.B.Scientists are unwilling to get papers published for promotion.C.D.Peer review mechanism is not fully implemented.8.“cherry-picking of results” in paragraph five refers to .A.overstating the results to get papers publishedB.keeping only positive results to get paper publishedC.selecting only papers with the most favorable resultsD.safeguarding the high quality of experiment results9.According to the passage, negative results in scientific experiments should be.A.B.published to avoid unnecessary waste of money and effortC.D.adapted to incorporate with a new hypothesis10.The passage suggests the following solutions to the issue in science EXCEPT.A.implementing higher standards in scientific experimentB.carrying out larger scale of inspection and test of trial dataC.allocating more funding for the verification of science resultsD.speeding up the application of science results to the marketSection IIDirections: Read the following two passages and answer in COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow the passages.Write your answers in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.Passage ThreeThe American dream has taken hit after hit the past half-decade.It just suffered another blow, based on a new poll.Yet young people seem determined to turn things around, giving us all cautious cause for optimism.When writer James Truslow Adams coined the phrase in 1931 he called the American dream “that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.” So it was all about opportunity, which largely has disappeared amid a poor job market, heavy debts, and wages that have stalled for 25 years.All this pessimism would be deadly troublesome if not for one thing: young people aren’t buying it.More than half of teens in the poll say it’s better to be a kid today, and nearly half say that when they are their parents’ age they will have more opportunity—not less.Maybe that’s because young people learned a lot during the Great Depression.They saw their parents get socked.But with no real assets at risk themselves they came through it unscathed, financially speaking, and yet took the lessons to heart and are more conscious about spending and debt than Mom and Dad have been.11.What is the passage mainly about?12.What specific aspects about American dream are discussed in the passage?13.How do you interpret the first sentence in p aragraph eight: “All the pessimism would be deadly troublesome if not for one thing: young people aren’t buying it.”?14.What is the author’s attitude towards the issue being discussed?15.Could you give a title to the passage?Passage FourIt’s an exciting notion that one’s very self could be broadened by the mastery of two or more languages.In obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literature and so forth) the self-reality is broadened.Yet it is different to claim—as many people do—to have a different personality when using a different language.A former colleague, for example, reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English.So what is going on here?Benjamin Lee Whorf, an American linguist who died in 1941, held that each language encodes a worldview that significantly influences its speakers.Often called “Whorfinanism”, this idea has its skeptics.But there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thought.This influence is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second language.Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual.Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school.So bilinguals usually have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languages—and they are not always best in their first language.For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than when tested in their native language.In part this is because working in a second language slows down the thinking.No wonder people feel different when speaking them.And no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or funnier or blunter, in the language they were reared in from childhood.Many bilinguals are not bicultural.But some are.And of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little surprised that they feel different in their two languages.Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “priming”—small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways.Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood.The choice between two languages is a huge prime.Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican in New York, might conjure feelings of family and home.Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.So there are two very good reasons that make people feel different speaking their different languages.We are still left with a third kind of argument, though.People seem to enjoy telling tales about their languages’ inherent properties, and how they influence their speakers.A group of French intellectual worthies once proposed, rather self-flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly unmatchable rigor and precision.Some Germans believe that frequently putting the verb at the end of a sentence makes the language especially logical.We also see some unsurprising overlap with national stereotypes andself-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English, playful.Of course.Many languages all around the world are heavily inflected, encoding lots of information in verbs.It would be a striking finding if all of these unrelated languages had speakers more likely to interrupt each other.Welsh, for example, is also both verb-first and about as heavily inflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not known as pushy conversationalists.16.Which statement or notion is under discussion in this passage?17.18.According to the passage, why do people feel different when they speak different languages?19.Why are Greeks likely to interrupt in conversation according to some scholar?20.Does the author agree on the causation from language to personality? How does he argue for or against it?IV.Writing ( 30 points, 60 minutes)。

目　录2010年苏州大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年苏州大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年苏州大学211翻译硕士英语（A 卷）考研真题及详解2015年苏州大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年苏州大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has an underlined word or phrase. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases marked A), B), C) and D). You are to choose the ONE word or phrase which, if substituted for the underlined word or phrase, would keep the meaning of the original sentence.1．This is an abstract of a sermon.A. an agentB. an accommodationC. an abbreviationD. a summary【答案】D【解析】句意：这是布道的概要。

accommodation住处，膳宿。

abbreviation缩写；缩写词。

2．The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the United States from the people of France to memorialize the alliance between the two countries.A. negotiationB. anniversaryC. treatyD. association【答案】D【解析】句意：自由女神像是法国人民送给美国的礼物，以纪念两国之间的联盟。

目　录2010年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年西安外国语大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Task One: Vocabulary and Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: This section is designed to test your ability to interpret the meanings of words in different contexts. Read each of the following sentences carefully and select one word or phrase from the four choices that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in each sentence, and then write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (20 %)1．The invention of the thermometer is attributed to Galileo.A. chargedB. givenC. toldD. credited【答案】D【解析】句意：温度计的发明归功于伽利略。

be credited to把……归功于。

2．When an aircraft travels at subsonic speeds, the sounds that it generates extend in all directions.A. createsB. manufacturesC. powersD. spawns【答案】A【解析】句意：当一架飞机以亚音速飞行时，它发出的声音会传向各个方向。

中国石油大学（华东）211翻译硕士英语考研模拟题I.Word Translation(30points)1.WIPO:世界知识产权组织(World Intellectual Property Organization)2.UNESCO:联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization)3.Academy Awards:（美国）电影艺术科学院年奖；奥斯卡金像奖4.West Point:〈美〉西点陆军军官学校;西点军校5.Vogue:时尚；流行6.Decentralization:分散；非集权化7.Carve Her Name with Pride:《女英烈传》(英国电影）8.Xenophobia：仇外；排外9.Ethnocentrism：民族优越感；民族中心主义；种族中心主义10.Holiday Inn：假日酒店；假日旅馆11.Irrevocable letter of credit：不可撤销信用证12.Appreciation of RMB:人民币升值13.Financial turmoil:金融风暴；金融危机14.Disposable chopsticks:一次性筷子15.environment-friendly product:环保产品SectionB Chinese to English(15points)1.国家安全部:Ministry of State Security2.中国人民政治协商会议:the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference3.常务委员会:Standing Committee4.司法公正:judicial justice5.科教兴国:make the country strong through science and education;rejuvenate the country through science and education6.抗洪救灾:fight floods and provide relief7.外向型经济:export-oriented economy8.黄金储备:gold reserve9.贸易逆差:trade deficit10.温室效应:greenhouse effect11.《道德经》:Tao Te Ching12.伪科学:pseudoscience13.文化摇篮:cradle of culture14.《论语》:The Analects of Confucius15.冲突主导关系:“conflict-dominant”relationshipII.Passage Translation(120points)Section A English to ChineseA Farewell to Arms Ernest Hemmingway The plain was rich with crops;there were many orchards of fruit trees and beyond the plain the mountains were brown and bare.There was fighting in the mountains and at night we could see flashes from the artillery.In the dark it was like summer lightning,but the nights were cool and there was not the feeling of a storm coming. Sometimes in the dark we heard troops marching under the window and guns going past pulled by motor-tractors.There was much traffic at night and many mules on the roads with boxes ofammunition on each side of their pack-saddles and gray motor trucks that carried men,and other trucks with loads covered with canvas that moved slower in the traffic.There were big guns too that passed in the day drawn by tractors,the long barrels of the guns covered with green branches and green leafy branches and vines were laid over the tractors.To the north we could look across a valley and see a forest of chestnut trees and behind it another mountain on this side of the river.There was fighting for that mountain too,but it was not successful,and in the fall when the rains came the leaves all fell from the chestnut trees and the branches were bare and trunks black with rain.The vineyards were thin and bare-branched too and all the country wet and brown and dead with the autumn.There were mists over the river and cloudson the mountain and trucks splashed mud on the road and the troops were muddy and wet in their capes;their rifles were wet and under their capes the two leather cartridge-boxes on the front of the belts,gray leather boxes heavy with the packs of clips of thin,long6.5mm cartridges,bulged forward under the capes so that the men,passing on the road,marched as though they were six months gone with child.(选自《永别了，武器》，欧内斯特.海明威参考译文：平原上有丰饶的庄稼；有许许多多的果树园，而平原外的山峦，则是一片光秃秃的褐色。

延边大学211翻译硕士英语考研练习题1.The______of being polite is different fro m that held here in China.A.considerat io nB.mindC.conceptD.thought2.The top students are______special scho larships.A.re wardedB.forwardedC.awarde dD.honored3.Brown accomplished a book in______correspondence with his colleagues.A.proportionB.collabo rat ionC.correspondenceD.installme nt4.We expect Mr.Whit e will______the company whe n Ms.Mullins re tires.A.take upB.take offC.take overD.take to5.He does n’t work but he gets a good_______fro m his inve stme nts.A.e arningB.salaryC.wageD.income6.The exact cause of the disease was not know until Dr.Steve disco vere d it_______.A.by and byB.by accidentC.by handD.by all means7.Mr.Smith set up in bus iness_______his own and was very successful.A.onB.inC.ofD.by8.The as sis tant dean re tired_______illne ss.A.owing toB.thanks toC.acco rding toD.fo r the sake of9.While the population of the United States includes a great varie ty ofracial and ethnic back grounds,Japan’s population is_____.A.autonomousB.homogeneo usC.ambit io usD.anonymous10.Be fore the school____what student s must wear,they wore just about anyt hing.A.managedB.authorizedC.re gulatedD.standardized11.They should see the____of their money before they make any decision.A.sumB.lo okC.colorD.tip12.Grace______her new jo b with confidence.A.set outB.set aboutC.set offD.set up13.Only fe w waiter has some professional hotel____so the service is rat her slo w and inefficient.A.le arningB.teachingC.trainingD.instructing14.The voluntee r is so kind and generous that she always casts her____upon the waters.A.breadB.sandC.fishD.stone15.It is appe ale d that we must raise productivity and___technical inno vations.A.spee d fo rB.step upC.switch onD.turn up16.When Helen and I______on an art icle for the jo urnal,we found it difficult to work toge ther.A.gatheredB.collabo rat edC.collectedpiled17.It is of no use______with each othe r.A.to quarre lB.quarre lC.quarre lingD.to have quarreled18.By cut ting down tre es,people______the natural home of animals.A.injureB.damageC.hurtD.harm19.She has beco me a teacher and a______membe r of the community.A.re spe ctiveB.re spe ctfulC.re spe ctedD.re spe ctable20.There is no hard and______rules fo r success.A.st rictB.slowC.so ftD.fast。

2021 年北京科技大学 211 翻硕英语考研真题I.Vocabulary and Structure ( 30 points, 1 point each, 60 minutes) Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, orD.1.It was nearly always organized by the government, although some club members acted their own initiative.A.byB. onC. withD. in2.A.savingB. to saveC. savedD. save3.Modern bodies are especially to cancer, because technology produces waste that inhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB. invulnerableC. proneD. attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and good for his work, but he never wavered in what he considered just.A.too muchB. much tooC. so muchD. much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution, but critics condemned it as and unfairly influenced by recent events.A. delayedB. indisposedC. hastyD. imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth, instead people’s character should be measured by their value to society.A.whileB. soC. becauseD. when7.During the 17th century many artists became involved in color theory and painting for enlightenment.A.looked up toB. looked outC. looked onD. looked to8.No government can meet the demand for ever more sophisticated medical technology by an aging population.A.intransigentB. insatiableC. ingeniousD. inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do and those that are carefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB. publiclyC. spontaneouslyD. prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group, because primates are inevitably and build their lives around each other.A.socialB. independentC. stableD. curious11.When economy, language, culture and history interact, people begin to view them as subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB. integralC. synchronizedD. synthesized12.A.give outB. give awayC. give ofD. give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region, people wereunprepared for the of the blizzard that year.dnessB. ferocityC. inevitabilityD. probability14.A.prolificB. prominentC. promisingD. marginalized15.All are in the stages, until architectural historians survey each house to determine which have historic value.A.preliminaryB. primaryC. prevalentD. predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination, which has made him succeed innew and fundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB. discerningC. acknowledgingD. dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters to the central events.A.consequentialB. peripheralC. indispensableD. permeating18.Once I finally finding a definition, I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB. get away withC. get round toD. get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages, those periods are not truly .A.distinctB. continuousC. reflexiveD. codependent20.In spite of among scientists, and years of contentious discussion, the claim that earthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB. popularityC. skepticismD. antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and as slang.A.equivocalB. equitableC. equableD. ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them as valuable antiques.A.outB. byC. awayD. off23.A.inB. underC. toD. with24.A.infinityB. conformityC. affinityD. fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing, for it is calculated to undermine a number of beliefs they have long .A.cherishedB. deniedC. anticipatedD. misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry, even now only a few independent observers his works.A.27.The exhibition, though small in scale, succeeded in its members with a firm sense of self-worth and purpose.A.endowingB. imbuingC. ladeningD. providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly of Virginia Woolf’s novels.A.reminiscentB. symptomaticC. indicativeD. imitative29.Historian can “Augustan peace” only by failing to recognize that this peace in many respects resemble that of death.A.demandB. ridiculeC. applaudD. disapprove30.A.describedB. acknowledgedC. overlookedD. authenticatedII.Section IDirections: In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage OneMuch of this eavesdropping has long been surmised, and none of it is necessarily illegal. America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies. They are overseen by Congress and courts, which issue orders to internet firms.Afghanistan and Iraq. And the public seems happy: if there were another attack on America, Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work, nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat. One concern is the size, scope and cost of t he security bureaucracy: some 1.4 million people have “top secret” clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries. The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revela tion was that Americans have nothing to fear: it touched only foreigners. That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies: the European Union, in particular, fastidiously protects its citizens’ data. Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap, in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry: the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted. James Clapper, America’s director of national intelligence, told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on “millions of Americans”. He now says he answered in “the least untruthful manner” possible. Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms, especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy. Those on “no-fly lists”, which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel, are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation, 13 American citizens, including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban, are suing the government.Our point is not that Amer ica’s spies are doing the wrong things, but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress. Without these, officials will be tempted to abuse their powers, because the price of doing so is small. This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.1.According to the passage, which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two “if there were another attack on America, Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten” probably means .A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.C.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT .A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph 7 is presented to illustrate .A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.W hat is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.Passage TwoToo many of the findings that fill the academic ether are the result of shoddy experiments or poor analysis. A rule of thumb among biotechnology Even when flawed research does not put people’s lives at risks—and much of it is too far from the market to do so—it squanders money and the efforts of some of the world’s best minds. The opportunity costs of stymied progress are hard to quantify, but they are likely to be vast. And they could be rising.every academic post. Nowadays verification does little to advance a researcher’s career. And without verification, dubious findings live on to mislead.Careerism also encourages exaggeration and the cherry-picking of results. In order to safeguard their exclusivity, the leading journals impose high rejection rates:in excess of 90% of submitted manuscripts. The most striking findings have the greatest chance of making it onto the page. Little wonder that one in three researchers knows of a colleague who has pepped up a paper by, say, excluding inconvenient data from results “based on a gut feeling”. And as more research teams around the world work on a problem, the odds shorten that at least one will fall prey to an honest confusion between the sweet signal of a genuine discovery and a freak of the statistical noise.Conversely, failures to prove a hypothesis are rarely even offered for publication, let alone accepted. “Negative results” now account for only 14% of publi shed papers, down from 30% in 1990. Yet knowing what is false is as important to science as knowing what is true. The failure to report failures means that researchers waste money and effort exploring blind alleys already investigated by other scientists.The hallowed process of peer review is not all it is cracked up to be, either. Whena prominent medical journal ran research past other experts in the field, it found that most of the reviewers failed to spot mistakes it had deliberately inserted into papers, even after being told they were being tested.All this makes a shaky foundation for an enterprise dedicated to discovering the truth about the world. What might be done to shore it up? One priority should be for all disciplines to follow the example of those that have done most to tighten standards. Ideally, research protocols should be registered in advance and monitored in virtual notebooks. This would curb the temptation to fiddle with the experiment’s design midstream so as to make the results look more substantial than they are. Where possible, trial data also should be open for other researchers to inspect and test.6.Which issue about science is mainly addressed in the passage?A.Science calls for more verification.B.Flawed science research does harm to humanity.C.D.An objective evaluation of science is necessary.7.Which of the following statements can best explain the major issue in science?A.Scientific research is too flawed to be turned into productivity.B.Scientists are unwilling to get papers published for promotion.C.D.Peer review mechanism is not fully implemented.8.“cherry-picking of results” in paragraph five refers to .A.overstating the results to get papers publishedB.keeping only positive results to get paper publishedC.selecting only papers with the most favorable resultsD.safeguarding the high quality of experiment results9.According to the passage, negative results in scientific experiments should be.A.B.published to avoid unnecessary waste of money and effortC.D.adapted to incorporate with a new hypothesis10.The passage suggests the following solutions to the issue in science EXCEPT.A.implementing higher standards in scientific experimentB.carrying out larger scale of inspection and test of trial dataC.allocating more funding for the verification of science resultsD.speeding up the application of science results to the marketSection IIDirections: Read the following two passages and answer in COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow the passages. Write your answers in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.Passage ThreeThe American dream has taken hit after hit the past half-decade. It just suffered another blow, based on a new poll. Yet young people seem determined to turn things around, giving us all cautious cause for optimism.When writer James Truslow Adams coined the phrase in 1931 he called the American dream “that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievemen t.” So it was all about opportunity, which largely has disappeared amid a poor job market, heavy debts, and wages that have stalled for 25 years.All this pessimism would be deadly troublesome if not for one thing: young people aren’t buying it. More than half of teens in the poll say it’s better to be a kid today, and nearly half say that when they are their parents’ age they will have more opportunity—not less.Maybe that’s because young people learned a lot during the Great Depres sion. They saw their parents get socked. But with no real assets at risk themselves they came through it unscathed, financially speaking, and yet took the lessons to heart and are more conscious about spending and debt than Mom and Dad have been.11.What is the passage mainly about?12.What specific aspects about American dream are discussed in the passage?13.How do you interpret the first sentence in paragraph eight: “All the pessimism would be deadly troublesome if not for one thing: young people aren’t buyin g it.”?14.What is the author’s attitude towards the issue being discussed?15.Could you give a title to the passage?Passage FourIt’s an exciting notion that one’s very self could be broadened by the mastery of two or more languages. In obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literature and so forth) the self-reality is broadened. Yet it is different to claim—as many people do—to have a different personality when using a different language. A former colleague, for example, reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?Benjamin Lee Whorf, an American linguist who died in 1941, held that each language encodes a worldview that significantly influences its speakers. Often called “Whorfinanism”, this idea has its skeptics. But there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thought.This influence is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. So bilinguals usually have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languages—and they are not always best in their first language. For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than when tested in their native language. In part this is because working in a second language slows down the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking them. And no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or funnier or blunter, in the language they were reared in from childhood.Many bilinguals are not bicultural. But some are. And of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little surprised that they feel different in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “priming”—small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican in New York, might conjure feelings of family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.So there are two very good reasons that make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of argument, though.People seem to en joy telling tales about their languages’ inherent properties, and how they influence their speakers. A group of French intellectual worthies once proposed, rather self-flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly unmatchable rigor and precision. Some Germans believe that frequently putting the verb at the end of a sentence makes the language especially logical. We also see some unsurprising overlap with national stereotypes andself-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English, playful. Of course.Many languages all around the world are heavily inflected, encoding lots of information in verbs. It would be a striking finding if all of these unrelated languages had speakers more likely to interrupt each other. Welsh, for example, is also both verb-first and about as heavily inflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not known as pushy conversationalists.16.Which statement or notion is under discussion in this passage?17.18.According to the passage, why do people feel different when they speak different languages?19.Why are Greeks likely to interrupt in conversation according to some scholar?20.Does the author agree on the causation from language to personality? How does he argue for or against it?III.Writing ( 30 points, 60 minutes)。